[HISTORY: Adopted by the Township of West
Windsor as indicated in article histories. Amendments noted where
applicable.]
[Adopted by the Board of Health 3-15-1983
(Ch. BH:VI of the Revised General Ordinances); readopted by the Township
Council 4-19-1999 by Ord. No. 99-07]
A.Â
Unless otherwise provided by rule, statute or ordinance,
the following shall govern the design and installation of community
subsurface sewage disposal systems.
B.Â
This article shall be liberally construed to permit
the Health Officer or designee to discharge its statutory functions.
C.Â
Nothing contained in this article shall be construed
to prevent the Health Officer or designee from requiring compliance
with higher requirements than those contained herein where such higher
requirements are essential to maintain safe and sanitary conditions.
D.Â
Practice where article does not govern. The Division
of Health or its agents shall exercise discretion in respect to any
other matters not governed by this article.
The following words and terms, when used in
this article, shall have the following meanings unless the context
clearly indicates otherwise:
The wetted horizontal area of the disposal bed or trench
where treatment occurs in a disposal field.
The Health Officer of the Township of West Windsor.
A pretreatment tank in which air is injected into raw sewage,
providing an oxygen-rich environment for the digestion of sewage.
The design of an aerobic unit is similar to that of a septic tank.
To replace or repair any portion of the community sewage
disposal system.
Accepted or acceptable under applicable specifications stated
or cited in this article or accepted as suitable for the proposed
use under procedures and powers of administration delegated in this
article.
A person certified by the Department to perform site evaluation
and/or design of subsurface sewage disposal systems.
Groundwater under sufficient hydrostatic pressure to rise
above the top elevation of the aquifer containing it.
A licensed health officer, professional engineer, sanitary
inspector, plumbing inspector or any other qualified and licensed
person first grade who is delegated to function within specified limits
as the agent of the administrative authority.
In-place geologic formations which cannot be removed with
conventional excavating equipment or which upon excavation include
more than 60% formation fragments (by weight) that are retained on
a one-quarter-inch mesh screen.
A room used for sleeping, whether or not that is meant to
be its primary purpose. Rooms to be considered as bedrooms shall include
but not be limited to expansion attics and all rooms except living
rooms, dining rooms, laundries, bathrooms, kitchens and other rooms
which could not be expected to become a sleeping place for individuals.
The pipe extending from the outer wall of the building or,
as defined in the State Uniform Construction Code, to the septic tank
or approved place of disposal other than a public sewer.
A written statement by the administrative authority certifying
that the proposed sewerage facilities for the proposed reality improvements
are in compliance with the provisions of L. 1954, c. 199, as revised
(N.J.S.A. 58:11-23 et seq.), and this article, as well as the terms
of the permit issued for such installation.
The relative purity, strength or saturation of a color in
soil, directly related to the dominance of the determining wavelength
of light and inversely related to grayness, as described by the Munsell
color system for determining hue and value of color found in soils.
Soil with a seasonally high-water table greater than or equal
to seven feet below natural grade.
Soil with a seasonally high-water table greater than or equal
to four feet but less than seven feet below natural grade. Class B
soil will require a pressure distribution mound system.
Soil with a seasonally high water table less than four feet
below natural grade.
A septic tank, distribution box or siphon system and disposal
area which have no mechanical parts and in which flow distribution
is accomplished by gravity.
All subsurface sewage disposal systems other than Class A
subsurface disposal systems hereinabove defined, including the use
of curtain drains.
A soil separate consisting of particles less than 0.002 millimeters
in equivalent diameter or soil material that contains 40% or more
clay, 45% or less sand and 40% or less silt.
Soil material that contains 27% to 40% clay and 20% to 45%
sand.
A subsurface sewage disposal system into which more than
one realty improvement discharges sanitary sewage.
Any enclosed means, except wood, through which fluid is conveyed.
A closed watertight pipe connecting the septic tank to the
disposal area.
To build or install a new community sewage disposal system
or replace, alter or expand an existing community subsurface sewage
disposal system.
All those areas as defined in N.J.A.C. 7:9-10.1 et seq.
A trench excavation filled with gravel which contains perforated
drainage pipe. Curtain drains are placed around the upslope perimeter
of the soil absorption area to intercept perched groundwater moving
into the area. Under no conditions shall the curtain drain be placed
on the downslope side of the disposal area or surround the system
on more than three sides. In the case of a curtain drain, the invert
is the lowest portion of the internal cross section of a perforated
conduit or gravel envelope, whichever is lower.
The New Jersey State Department of Environmental Protection.
The entire area used for underground dispersion of the liquid
portion of sewage, which may consist of a disposal trench, disposal
field or a combination thereof.
That part of a disposal field for dispersion of the liquid
portion of sanitary sewage comprising a shallow area from which the
entire earth contents have been removed, the excavation filled at
least 12 inches with a satisfactory aggregate in which distribution
lines have been laid and the entire area covered with topsoil and
suitable vegetative growth.
An area consisting of disposal trenches, a disposal bed or
a combination thereof, including buffer area. The buffer area is measured
to the toe of the slope. The disposal field is used for dispersion
of the liquid portion of sanitary sewage into the ground as close
to the surface as is feasible. The limits of the disposal field shall
be defined as the boundary created by the monitoring wells.
A shallow ditch with vertical sides and a flat bottom filled
at least 12 inches with a satisfactory aggregate material in which
a single distribution line has been laid and covered with topsoil
and suitable vegetative growth.
A round or rectangular watertight chamber with a single inlet
and an outlet for each distribution lateral. The purpose of the distribution
box is to divide the incoming wastewater of an individual sewage disposal
system equally between each lateral.
A series of perforated pipes used for the dispersion of sewage
into disposal trenches or disposal beds.
Any channelized structure that can affect the movement or
occurrence of surface water or groundwater, including, but not limited
to, open trenches and underdrains with or without pipes.
The pumping or siphoning of a specified volume of wastewater
to a disposal area.
A watertight receptacle located between a septic tank and
a disposal area equipped with an automatic siphon device or pump system
designed to discharge the liquid portion of the sewage intermittently
in the distribution lines in amounts proportionate to the capacity
of such lines and to provide adequate rest periods between such discharges.
A device consisting of two concentric metal rings which are
inserted into the soil horizon to measure vertical hydraulic conductivity.
A covered pit with an open-jointed lining through which drainage
from roofs, basement floors or areaways may seep or leach into the
surrounding soil. If permanently filled with water, the pit is a well
and subject to the applicable distance requirements of this article.
That part of a house left unfinished but designed to be finished
as a bedroom or bedrooms by subsequent improvement and accessible
by permanent stairways or designed so that stairways may be installed.
See "malfunction."
Land area subject to the probability of flooding as defined
in the Department of Housing and Urban Development's Flood Hazard
Boundary Maps.
Floatable oil and grease; scum.
The abbreviated form for gallons per day (24 hours).
The pitch or fall of a pipeline or the ground surface, which
may be expressed as fall or drop per foot, per 100 feet, or in percentages.
A device in which the grease present in sewage is intercepted,
congealed by cooling and from which it may be skimmed from the surface
of the liquid waste prior to disposal.
Any chemical substance or material, gas, solid or liquid
designated as hazardous by the United States Environmental Protection
Agency pursuant to the United States Resource Recovery and Conservation
Act, Public Law 94-580, latest revision.
A round or rectangular watertight receptacle, with visual
and auditory alarms, used to receive and hold sanitary sewage. A holding
tank has an inflow pipe and a manhole used for periodic pumping of
sewage by a licensed hauler to a location permitted by the Department.
There shall be no discharge from a holding tank.
See "soil horizon."
See "building sewer."
One of the three variables of color used in the Munsell color
system. Hue is caused by light of specific wavelengths and changes
with wavelength.
The rate at which water can move through a soil layer.
Formations of soil material having a hydraulic conductivity
of less than two centimeters per day.
Liquid or solid wastes free from fecal matter resulting from
processes employed in industrial establishments, including treatment
storage or runoff from processed or untreated wastewater or raw materials
and wastes from floor drains emanating from treatment, storage or
manufacturing areas of an establishment. A list of generators of industrial
waste is found in N.J.A.C. 7:14A-1 et seq., Appendix E.
The floor, bottom or lowest portion of the internal cross
section of a closed conduit (pipes or fittings) conveying sewage.
In the case of a curtain drain, the invert is the lowest portion of
the internal cross section of a perforated conduit.
A USGS topographic map 7.5 minute quadrangle series locating
the property and extending 1,000 feet beyond the property boundaries.
The four-inch pipe which connects an individual residence
with the sewer main.
Soil material that contains 7% to 27% clay, 28% to 50% silt
and less than 52% sand.
Soil material that contains at the upper limit 85% to 90%
sand and in which the percentage of silt plus 1Â 1/2 times the
percentage of clay is not less than 15; at the lower limit it contains
not less than 70% to 85% sand and the percentage of silt plus twice
the percentage of clay does not exceed 30.
The designation of the site or place of an individual sewage
disposal system, and the term "location" shall be construed accordingly.
A device for measuring percolating and leaching losses from
a column of soil and a device for collecting soil water in the field.
See "vent stack."
Deemed by the authorized agent to have occurred in the event
of, but not limited to, the following:
That portion of piping leading from the pumps in the pump
chamber to the distribution lines.
Inspection pipes located in the subsurface soil absorption
system which provide limited access for observing the depth of ponding,
a measure of the performance of the system and a means of locating
the subsurface field.
Spots or blotches of different colors or shades of color
interspersed with the dominant soil color. Oxidation (bright colors)
and reduction (dull colors) are caused by alternating aerobic and
anaerobic conditions, which conditions are caused by a seasonally
fluctuating groundwater table or the presence of a perched water table.
The zone of mottling is that area consisting of more than 2% mottles.
Septic tanks containing more than one settling compartment
or chamber in series.
An excavation, test pit or auger boring used to determine
the soil profile and conditions.
The upper surface of a zone of saturation which exists at
some level above the static water table because of a relatively impermeable
layer of varying lateral extent and is isolated from the static water
table by an unsaturated zone. A water table may be inferred to be
perched by the administrative authority or Department on the basis
of general knowledge of water levels of an area, the landscape position
and the permeability of soil layers.
That portion of soil utilized in a disposal area as the effective
disposal media for sewage; the furthermost limit of the gravel layer
in which disposal field laterals are placed.
As applied to soils, the ability of the soil to transmit
water in a liquid form through pores.
A method of in situ soil testing used to determine the capacity
of a soil to accept and transmit water under saturated conditions
and to define the percolating area for a community subsurface sewage
disposal system.
Corporations, companies, associations, societies, firms,
partnerships and joint stock companies, as well as individuals.
A network of piping with small diameter orifices designed
to evenly distribute wastewater under pressure throughout the entire
disposal field.
The rate at which water moves through the pores of a saturated
soil material, but not meant to be a measure of the rate at which
water moves through fractures, joints, faults, solution cavities or
other features which are the result of secondary permeability.
A person licensed to practice professional engineering in
this state.
The structure which encloses the pumps for the pressure distribution
system.
Any proposed new residence or other building (including condominiums,
garden apartments, townhouses, mobile homes, etc.) not serviced by
an approved water supply and approved sewerage system, the useful
occupancy of which will require the installation, replacement, alteration,
repair or erection of a water supply system or sewerage facilities.
Each family unit in a proposed multiple-family dwelling shall be construed
to be a separate realty improvement.
To replace or rehabilitate any portion of an existing individual
subsurface disposal system such that the system will conform to the
previously approved engineering plans.
A soil layer which resists the downward movement of water
and has a permeability of less than two centimeters per day (4.6 x
10-5 ft/min).
A soil particle between 0.05 and 2.0 millimeters in diameter
or soil separate that contains 85% or more sand and in which the percentage
of silt plus 1Â 1/2 times the percentage of clay does not exceed
15.
Soil material that contains 35% or more clay and 45% or more
sand.
Soil material that contains 20% to 35% clay, less than 28%
silt and 45% or more sand.
Soil material that contains 20% clay or less and 52% or more
sand and in which the percentage of silt plus twice the percentage
of clay exceeds 30; or which contains less than 7% clay, less than
50% silt and between 43% and 52% sand.
Any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in
suspension or solution or the water-carried wastes resulting from
the discharge of water closets, laundry tubs, washing machines, sinks,
dishwashers or any other source of water-carried waste of human origin
or containing putrescible material. Sanitary sewage shall not contain
industrial waste.
A pipe which carries sewage and to which storm, surface waters
and groundwaters are not intentionally admitted.
A mass of sewage solids floating at the surface of sewage
and buoyed up by entrained gas, grease or other substances.
A zone of saturation of the highest elevation during the
wettest season, which shall be estimated at the highest level of soil
mottling as determined by an approved professional.
A covered pit with an open-jointed or perforated lining through
which septic tank effluent and/or laundry waste may seep or leach
into the surrounding soil. No new seepage pits shall be allowed in
the Township.
Any soil material with the following textural (granulometric
or gradation) analysis:
A tee baffle or gas deflector used at the outlet of a septic
tank which has less than 80% submergence, such that the sludge and
scum are retained in the septic tank.
A watertight receptacle which receives the discharge of sewage
from a building sewer or part thereof and is designed and constructed
to permit settling of settleable solids from the liquid, retention
of scum, digestion of the organic matter by detention and discharge
of the liquid portion into a disposal area.
A soil separate consisting of particles between 0.005 and
0.002 millimeters in equivalent diameter, or soil material that contains
80% or more silt and less than 12% clay.
Soil material that contains 50% or more silt and 12% to 27%
clay, 50% to 80% silt and less than 12% clay.
Soil material that contains 40% or more clay and 40% or more
silt.
Soil material that contains 27% to 40% clay and less than
20% sand.
A hydraulically operated device designed to rapidly discharge
the entire contents of a dosing tank between predetermined hydraulic
levels.
That portion of the earth's surficial material which was
formed as a result of physical, chemical and biological weathering
of a parent material where at least 50% of the material has a diameter
of two millimeters or less.
A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the soil surface,
with distinct characteristics produced by soil-forming processes.
The detailed soils information required for completion of
the administrative authority's soils log form.
A map prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA)/Soil Conservation Service (SCS) entitled "Soil Survey of Mercer
County, New Jersey."
The highest elevation of saturated soil based on the highest
elevation of soil mottles, as determined by an approved professional.
The relative proportions of the various soil separates (sand,
silt and clay) in a soil, as defined by the United States Department
of Agriculture (USDA).
The maximum height of the surface of liquid in a septic tank.
The surface of an unconfined aquifer or perched water table
at which the pore water pressure is atmospheric.
An amendment to the Realty Improvement Sewerage and Facilities
Act,[1] which requires state certification for all subdivisions
which are to be served by subsurface sewage disposal systems and/or
private wells and consist of 50 or more realty improvements prior
to the granting of preliminary subdivision approval.
An approved system for the disposal of sanitary sewage into
the ground which is designed and constructed to treat sewage to retain
most of the settleable solids in a septic tank and to discharge the
liquid portion to an adequate disposal field. A subsurface sewage
disposal system shall not treat or discharge wastewater which is in
whole or in part hazardous, nor shall it treat nor discharge industrial
waste.
A contour map having a contour interval of one foot or less.
A fitting or device so designed and constructed as to provide,
when properly vented, a liquid seal which will prevent the back passage
of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater
through it.
An aquifer where there is no restrictive material at the
top of the groundwater, so that the groundwater level is free to rise
or fall. See also "static water table."
A system classifying soils according to particle size, distribution,
plasticity, liquid limit and organic matter content.
Soil which is above both the groundwater table and the zone
of capillary saturation.
The relative lightness or intensity of color and approximately
a function of the square root of the total amount of light. One of
the three variables of color used in the Munsell color system.
A vertical vent pipe installed within a building for the
purpose of providing circulation of air to and from any part of a
building plumbing system.
Any topographic feature, whether natural or man-made, which
collects or transmits surface or subsurface water, including but not
limited to streams (perennial or intermittent), ditches, drains, storm
sewers, lakes and stormwater recharge basins. Shallow swales upslope
of a sewage disposal system created by landscaping and conveying only
rainwater from a limited surface shall not be considered a watercourse.
The upper surface of groundwater or that level below soil
which is seasonally saturated with water.
The ocean and its estuaries and all springs, streams and
bodies of surface or groundwater, whether natural or artificial.
Any well, including any dug hole, that is deeper than its
largest surface dimension, where the principal function of the well
is the withdrawal or emplacement of fluids.
A watertight receptacle that receives the liquid portion
of sewage and, by means of appropriate equipment, forces the sewage
to the distribution box of a disposal system at a higher elevation.
The partially saturated soils immediately above the groundwater
table.
The totally saturated soils contained within the groundwater
table.
[1]
Editor's Note: See N.J.S.A. 58:11-23 et seq.
The use of community subsurface sewage disposal systems is prohibited unless the properties, dwellings, commercial units or other premises to be served by sewage disposal systems are constructed, designed and located in such a manner that the construction of individual sewage disposal systems in accordance with Article II of this chapter would be most impractical or impossible. Percolation tests must be performed on each proposed lot in the development before a community system may be considered. If a community system is proposed, double ring infiltrometer tests must be performed in the disposal area. In no event, however, shall construction of a community sewage disposal system be permitted in Class C soil or in a floodplain.
Permission to locate, construct or alter a community
sewage disposal system must be sought from the administrative authority
and may only be granted if facts are established to its satisfaction
and assurances given that only one legal entity will be responsible
for the maintenance, operation, repair and replacement of the system
and that the system will meet the construction and design standards
contained herein.
Required components of all community sewage
disposal systems are as follows:
A.Â
Community septic tanks. In addition to individual septic tanks located on the premises of each realty improvement, there shall be at least one large community septic tank for each alternating disposal field. The community septic tank shall be of shallow depth dual compartment regular reinforced concrete design and the size shall be the larger of either 5,000 gallons minimum or 1/3 the total estimated volume expected based on the table found in § 131-7. Said tanks shall be preceded by a selective diversion valve and interconnected with a gravity overflow device and equipped with auditory and visual level alarms in the event of malfunction of the active tank.
B.Â
Sewage collection system. The conduit system which
conveys the liquid portion of the sanitary sewage from the individual
septic tank to the community septic tank.
C.Â
Wet well with duplex pumping stations and pressure
distribution system. The effluent of the community septic tanks will
accumulate in a wet well, which will provide the volume necessary
to dose the associated disposal field. The disposal field will receive
the dose of effluent via a watertight force main manifold connected
to a perforated distribution pipe. Auditory and visual alarms detectable
on site and relayed to a central alarm company will be activated in
the event of malfunction.
D.Â
Alternating disposal fields. Each community septic tank shall have an associated alternating disposal field. Use of the alternating disposal fields shall be changed annually or as otherwise required by the administrative authority to permit one field to rest while the other is in use. (See Figure 1.[1])
E.Â
Reserved disposal field area. In addition to the alternating
disposal fields, each community sewage disposal system shall have
an associated reserve area. This area shall have been tested in the
same manner as the primary disposal fields. The reserve area shall
have the capacity to accept as a minimum the same quantity of effluent
as the disposal area for which it is in reserve.
F.Â
No disposal field may be constructed unless the bottom
of the disposal bed is at least four feet above the highest seasonal
water table elevation, as determined by the approved professional
and verified by the authorized agent. In no event will a disposal
field be permitted to be constructed in a floodplain.
G.Â
Monitoring wells. Monitoring wells shall be installed
and shall extend from the bottom infiltrative surface of the system
up to or above final grade. The bottom should be open and the top
capped. The portion of the pipe within the gravel should be perforated
to permit a free flow of water. Spacing and location of monitoring
wells shall be at the discretion of the authorized agent.
H.Â
Each realty improvement to be connected to a community
sewage disposal system shall have its own septic tank, which shall
be sized and constructed in accordance with Chapter BH:III, Subsections
BH:3-4.22, BH:3-4.24 and BH:3-4.25 of the Individual Sewage Disposal
System Code of West Windsor[2] and located between the realty improvement and public
right-of-way.
I.Â
Flow restrictors and low-volume flush toilets are
required.
The design of a community sewage disposal system
shall take into consideration the location of the wells or other sources
of water supply, topography, existing individual or community sewage
disposal systems on adjacent properties, water tables, soil characteristics,
available area and expected volume of sewage and shall comply with
these and other provisions of this article regarding design. All engineering
data submitted must bear a professional engineer's seal and signature.
The engineer responsible for design shall also inspect construction
and certify that the work has been constructed in accordance with
the minimum requirements of the design. Alterations to community sewage
disposal systems shall be certified by the authorized agent and be
subject to approval by the administrative authority.
Each unit of the disposal system shall be designed
to adequately treat the estimated volume of sanitary sewage to be
discharged from the community to be served. The volume of sewage flow
shall be based on the estimated contributory population and the resultant
expected daily quantities of sewage, as determined from the following
table:
|
Source1
|
Gallons Per Person Per Day
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Cottages; seasonal occupancy
|
100
| |
|
Single-family dwellings (minimum of 400 or gallons
per dwelling)
|
100
| |
|
Multiple-family dwellings (apartments)
|
100
| |
|
Rooming house
|
50
| |
|
Boardinghouses2
|
75
| |
|
  For each nonresident boarder
|
15
| |
|
Hotels2
|
50-75
| |
|
Motels and tourist cabins
|
50-75
| |
|
Mobile home parks
|
100
| |
|
Restaurants
| ||
|
  Sanitary waste only, per patron
|
5
| |
|
  Kitchen waste only, per patron
|
5
| |
|
  Kitchen and sanitary wastes
|
10
| |
|
Camps2
|
50
| |
|
Day schools
| ||
|
  No cafeteria or showers
|
10
| |
|
  With cafeteria and no showers
|
15
| |
|
  With cafeteria and showers
|
20
| |
|
  Cafeteria, showers and laboratories
|
25
| |
|
Boarding schools2
|
100
| |
|
Day workers: office, industries, etc. (eight-hour
shift)
|
25
| |
|
Institutions other than hospitals
|
75-125
| |
|
Picnic grounds and comfort stations
| ||
|
  Toilet only
|
10
| |
|
  Toilet and showers
|
15
| |
|
Swimming pools and bathhouses
|
10
| |
|
Club houses2
| ||
|
With resident members
|
60
| |
|
  For each nonresident member
|
25
| |
|
Campgrounds where individual sewer per site
hookups are available (laundry extra, increase by 50%)
|
100
| |
|
Stores, office buildings
|
0.125 gallons per square foot
| |
|
Self-service laundries
|
50 gallons per wash
| |
|
NOTES:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
1 When more than
one use will occur, the multiple use shall be considered determining
the total flow. Other uses than those listed above shall be considered
in relation to established flows from known or similar installations.
| ||
|
2Includes kitchen
waste at 10 gallons per person per day. If laundry wastes are anticipated,
estimated flows shall be increased by 50%.
|
The use of garbage grinder units by any realty
improvement serviced by a community sewage disposal system is prohibited.
The minimum distances for location of the various
component parts of a community sewage disposal system shall comply
with the following table:
|
MINIMUM DISTANCE
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Component
|
Well or Suction Line
(feet)1
|
Water Service Line
(Pressure)
(feet)
|
Watercourse1
|
Dwelling
(feet)
|
Property Line
(feet)
|
Disposal Field
(feet)
|
|
Building sewer
|
50
|
52
|
25
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Septic tank
|
50
|
10
|
25
|
10
|
10
|
—
|
|
Diversion valve
|
50
|
10
|
25
|
10
|
10
|
—
|
|
Box
| ||||||
|
Disposal field
|
1004
|
10
|
50
|
25
|
25
|
503
|
|
Seepage pit
|
150
|
10
|
100
|
25
|
25
|
50
|
|
Dry well
|
50
|
10
|
—
|
10
|
10
|
50
|
|
NOTES:
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 Exempting
curtain drains which shall be constructed as defined in this article.
| ||||||
|
2 Under
no circumstances shall a building sewer be placed less than five feet
from a water service line.
| ||||||
|
3 This distance
applies to systems on adjacent lots and Class A and Class B primary
and reserve areas.
| ||||||
|
4 This distance
shall be increased to 150 feet from all Class B systems.
|
The disposal fields shall be posted and trespassing
thereon prohibited. Access to disposal fields shall be strictly limited
and trees shall be planted thereabout in a manner approved by the
administrative authority to prevent vehicular traffic.
In subdivisions comprised of both lots on which individual sewage disposal systems (Article II) are to be constructed and lots which will be served by a community sewage disposal system, the disposal fields for a community sewage disposal system shall be sized to include the flow from any lot to be served by an individual system which is adjacent to or across the street from any lot to be served by the community system. In no event, however, shall any lot served by an individual system be connected to the community system until it has been demonstrated to the administrative authority that all steps to rebuild or rehabilitate the individual system have been taken and have failed.
A.Â
Until title to all of the realty improvements to be
serviced by the system has been transferred from the developer, including
the developer's successors and assigns, to the respective owners who
will be occupying the realty improvements, a community sewage disposal
system shall be maintained, operated, repaired and replaced by the
developer. Thereafter, a homeowners' association comprised of the
owners of each realty improvement serviced by the system shall maintain,
operate, repair and replace the system. A separate homeowners' association
need not be formed for the sole purpose of maintaining, operating,
repairing and replacing the system in the event that the owners of
each realty improvement serviced by the systems are members of an
open space organization formed pursuant to N.J.S.A. 40:55D-43 or a
homeowners' association charged with other responsibilities. In the
event that said homeowners' association is comprised of owners whose
property is not serviced by the system, those owners whose property
is not so serviced shall not be responsible for maintenance, operation,
repairs and replacement of a community sewage disposal system. Said
association shall not be dissolved or dispose of the system by sale
or otherwise without the approval of the administrative authority.
B.Â
The bylaws, membership assessments and dues and methods
of enforcement and collection of delinquent assessments and dues of
the homeowners' association insofar as they pertain to maintenance,
operation, repair and replacement of a community sewage disposal system
shall be submitted to and approved by the administrative authority
at such time as application is made for a permit to locate, construct
or alter a community sewage disposal system.
C.Â
Declaration of covenants, conditions, restrictions
and bylaws shall be recorded in the Mercer County Clerk's Office in
the book for the recording of deeds, which recording shall be prior
to the first conveyance of any realty improvement to be serviced by
a community sewage disposal system.
D.Â
The Township shall not be responsible for any dry
sewer lines installed as part of major subdivision approval and used
for the transfer or pumping of sewage to any community sewage disposal
system. During the period of such use, the legal entity responsible
for maintenance, operation, repair and replacement of the system under
this section shall remain fully responsible for the system.
Pressure distribution systems are required for all community sewage disposal systems. Designs of these systems shall be in accordance with the EPA Design Manual for On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems, Chapter 199, of N.J.A.C. 7:0.2.1 et seq., and Figure 1.[1] In addition, the systems shall comply with the following
standards:
A.Â
Absorption area. The total absorption area required
shall be computed from the daily wastewater flow and design loading
rate. The required absorption area equals the wastewater flow divided
by the design loading rate as below.
B.Â
Design loading rate. The design loading rate for a
site is based on the permeability, as determined by hydraulic conductivity
tests, and the soil texture for the site of the pressure distribution
system as follows:
|
Permeability
(cm/day)
|
Soil Texture-USDA
|
Design Loading Rate
(gallons per square foot per day)
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Less than 2,000
|
No disposal
| ||
|
1,000 - 2,000
|
Grave, coarse to medium sand
|
1.2
| |
|
700 - 1,000
|
Fine sand, loamy sand
|
0.8
| |
|
300 - 700
|
Sandy loam, loam
|
0.6
| |
|
50 - 300
|
Loam, porous silt loam
|
0.45
| |
|
2 - 50
|
Silty clay loams, clay loams
|
0.20
| |
|
2
|
Other textures
|
No disposal
|
C.Â
Soil horizon. Pressure distribution systems will not
be permitted in impervious formations unless the design calls for
that horizon to be removed and replaced by specified material with
a permeability more rapid than two centimeters per day and it is clearly
demonstrated by permeability testing that the removal of such a layer
would allow adequate hydraulic functioning.
D.Â
Distance between filter stone and impervious formation.
A minimum of four feet must be maintained between the bottom of the
filter stone in the disposal bed and impervious formation or the highest
seasonal high water table.
E.Â
Discharge of effluent into trenches, beds, disposal fields or mounds. Pressure distribution systems shall discharge effluent into trenches, beds or disposal fields unless the level of the water table is such that trenches, beds or disposal fields may not be installed in accordance with these provisions, and, in that event, effluent may be discharged into mounds in accordance with section § 131-15. In no event, however, shall installation of a mound be permitted in Class C soils or a floodplain over a failing subsurface sewage disposal system or in a filled area (removal of the fill material does not cause the site to become suitable).
F.Â
Distribution pipes. Each pipe that is connected to
an outlet of a manifold shall be considered a separate distribution
line. All distribution lines shall be installed at the same elevation
or the plans and specifications shall provide for a design that ensures
equal flow throughout the system. Distribution lines shall be connected
to the manifold by tee's or 90 ells. The ends of distribution lines
shall be capped.
G.Â
Specifications.
(1)Â
Pressure distribution systems shall be constructed
in accordance with the following provisions:
(a)Â
Minimum depth to top of distribution lines from
finished grade: nine inches.
(b)Â
Minimum thickness for distribution lines: Sch
40 PVC.
(c)Â
Minimum lines per field: two.
(d)Â
Maximum slope of natural ground surface: 12%.
(e)Â
Orifice diameter: 1/4 inch to 1/2
inch.
(f)Â
Orifice spacing: 30 inches to 72 inches.
(g)Â
Diameter of distribution line: Up to four inches.
(h)Â
Horizontal spacing of distribution lines: 30
inches to 72 inches.
(2)Â
The diameter of the distribution line may vary, depending
upon the length of the trenches or mound.
H.Â
Manifold and manifold line. The size of the manifold
shall be based upon the number, length and discharge rate of the distribution
lines. The manifold pipe delivers effluent from the pump to the distribution
network. The manifold pipe shall be two inches to six inches in diameter
and unperforated. The manifold shall be sloped toward the pump chamber
to drain effluent back after dosing.
I.Â
Dosing volume. The dosing volume shall be a minimum
of 10 times the volume of the laterals, but shall not exceed the daily
disposal capacity of the trenches or beds.
J.Â
Dosing frequency. The dosing frequency shall be established
by the administrative authority on the basis of soil conductivity,
but in no event shall be less than two times per day or greater than
four times per day.
K.Â
Pressure to be maintained in distribution lines. Two
feet of head shall be maintained in the pressure distribution system.
L.Â
Friction loss. Friction loss for schedule 40 plastic
pipe shall be computed on the basis of C = 150.
M.Â
Total head loss through the distribution system. Total
design head loss shall include an additional two feet of head. A system's
head curve shall be included as part of the design calculations.
N.Â
Pump manufacturer's model number, size and pump performance
curve required. The pump manufacturer's model number, size and pump
performance curve shall be supplied to the administrative authority.
O.Â
High water alarm system and pump chamber control system.
(1)Â
The control system for the pump chamber shall consist
of controls for operating the pumps and an alarm system to detect
malfunctioning of a pump. Pump controls shall be capable of alternating
operation of the pumps. Pump controls shall allow flexibility in adjusting
the on/off depth.
(2)Â
The size of the pump chamber shall be determined by
the number of realty improvements served and dosing frequency, but
in no event shall it be less than 1,000 gallons. A standard septic
tank may be used as a pump chamber. The pump chamber shall be watertight.
(3)Â
The use of pressure diaphragm switches in the pump
chamber control system is prohibited and mercury level control switches
are required. Adjustable weight switches consisting of a control located
above the water level and two weights attached to a single cable which
extends into the liquids are required.
(4)Â
The alarm system shall consist of a bell and light, which shall be located so that the same may immediately be seen or heard by the legal entity responsible under § 131-12 for maintenance, operation, repair and replacement of the system. The high water warning switch shall be installed two inches above the depth set for the "On" pump control. Alarm systems shall be installed on a separate circuit from the electrical service with battery-powered standby, which battery-powered standby shall be recharged by a battery charger connected to commercial power or the emergency generator referred to in Subsection P. Remote alarms are also required and shall terminate at a central alarm company via telephone lines maintained by the legal entity responsible under § 131-12 for maintenance, operation, repair and replacement of the system.
P.Â
Electrical connections and emergency generators. Electrical
connections shall be located outside the pump chamber. All wiring
to the pump chamber shall be installed in conduit. All electrical
work shall be completed in accordance with the National Electrical
Code. All electrical components shall be Underwriters Laboratory labeled.
An emergency generator having an automatic transfer switch and sized
to handle peak power demands shall be provided. Buried full storage
capacity for the emergency generator shall be sufficient to provide
12 hours of pump operation. The generator, electrical panel/electrical
system, starting batteries and other generator controls shall be housed
in a weatherproof enclosure.
Q.Â
Wash down water system. A nonpotable well shall be
installed to provide a guaranteed continuous safe yield of 15 gallons
per minute. The submersible well pump shall have a minimum capacity
of 12 gallons per minute 25 psi with a single phase 11Â 5/230
motor. All water service piping shall be self-draining and freeze
protected.
In addition to the requirements of § 131-13, the following standards shall apply to pressure distribution systems which discharge effluent into trenches, beds or disposal fields:
A.Â
Aggregate. Aggregate shall be placed to a minimum
depth of 18 inches beneath the distribution pipe and to the level
of four inches above the pipe, spread evenly.
B.Â
Inspection by authorized agent. The authorized agent
shall inspect pressure distributions which discharge effluent into
trenches, beds or disposal fields at commencement of the placing of
the aggregate and while the distribution piping is being installed.
A pressure test of the nonperforated sections of the system shall
be performed in the presence of the authorized agent at the time of
inspection.
In addition to the requirements of § 131-13, the following standards shall apply to pressure distribution systems which discharge effluent into mounds:
A.Â
Depth to restrictive layers or bedrock. There shall
be at least four feet of unsaturated natural soil over restrictive
layers or bedrock. Mounds shall be constructed such that there is
a minimum of four feet of unsaturated soil between the gravel envelope
and impervious formations.
B.Â
Depth to seasonally high groundwater. There shall
be at least four feet of unsaturated natural soil over seasonally
high groundwater as indicated by soil mottling. There shall be four
feet of unsaturated soil beneath the gravel envelope of the mound
system.
C.Â
Slope of existing terrain.
(1)Â
A mound shall not be installed on a slope which is greater than 12%. (See Table 1 of § 131-15E.)
(2)Â
Location of mound on sloping sites. The mound shall
be located so that the longest dimension of the mound and the distribution
lines are perpendicular to the slope. The mound shall be placed upslope
and not at the base of a slope. If there is a complex slope (two directions),
the mound shall be situated so that the effluent is not concentrated
in one direction. Surface water runoff shall be diverted around the
mound.
D.Â
Side slope for mounded systems. Side slopes for mounded
systems must be no greater than a three-to-one slope (horizontal to
vertical).
E.Â
Design. Mound systems shall be designed in accordance
with the EPA Design Manual for On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal
Systems. The disposal area shall be designed using the following method
for sizing:
(1)Â
Determine soil texture using USDA Classification.
(2)Â
Determine loading rate (GPD/feet).
(3)Â
Determine vertical hydraulic conductivity (centimeters/day)
(feet below existing grade).
(4)Â
Determine depth to seasonally high water table.
(5)Â
Determine depth to bedrock or impermeable layers (feet).
(6)Â
Determine existing grade (% slope).
(7)Â
Determine design flow (GPD).
(8)Â
Determine size absorption area (feet2).
(9)Â
Calculate absorption area dimensions.
(a)Â
Determine bed length (B).
|
(b)
|
Bed width (A)
|
=
|
Absorption Area
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
   Bed Length
|
(10)Â
(b)Â
Mound perimeter:
[1]Â
Downslope setback (I) = (E+F+G) x (slope) (slope
correction). (See Table 1.)
[2]Â
Upslope setback (J) =(D+F+G) x (slope) (slope
correction). (See Table 1.)
[3]Â
Sideslope setback (K)= (D+E) + F + H x (slope). 2
[4]Â
Basal area required = (B) x (I + A).
|
TABLE 1
Downslope and Upslope Width Corrections
for Mounds on Sloping Sites
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Slope Percent
|
Downslope Correction Factor
|
Upslope Correction Factor
| |
|
0
|
1.0
|
1.0
| |
|
1
|
1.03
|
.97
| |
|
2
|
1.06
|
.94
| |
|
3
|
1.10
|
.915
| |
|
4
|
1.14
|
.89
| |
|
5
|
1.18
|
.875
| |
|
6
|
1.22
|
.86
| |
|
7
|
1.27
|
.83
| |
|
8
|
1.32
|
.80
| |
|
9
|
1.38
|
.785
| |
|
10
|
1.44
|
.77
| |
|
11
|
1.51
|
.75
| |
|
12
|
1.57
|
.73
| |
F.Â
Mound materials.
(1)Â
Fill material. The following types of fill material
are required for construction of a mounded system:
(a)Â
Aggregate shall be 1Â 1/2 inches to two
inches crushed stone or washed gravel. Limestone or dolomite shall
not be utilized. The minimum thickness of the aggregate shall be four
inches above and 18 inches below the laterals. The aggregate must
not extend more than three feet outward beyond the limit of the laterals.
(b)Â
Filler sand shall meet the specifications for
select fill and shall be emplaced below the aggregate.
(2)Â
Clay cap/barrier. A minimum of six inches of clay
shall be employed for the entire clay cap of all mound systems. The
administrative authority shall determine the appropriate thickness
of the clay cap/barrier based upon the slope and particular edge of
the mound on which it is being installed.
(3)Â
Topsoil. Topsoil shall be used to cover the mound
to a depth not less than six inches, and this shall be planted with
a variety of grasses.
G.Â
Construction.
(1)Â
To avoid smearing of native soils and the possibility
of settlement after construction, site preparation must not be undertaken
when the ground is wet or frozen.
(2)Â
The soil horizon upon which the select fill will be
placed must be plowed or disced perpendicular to the slope to achieve
a good transition zone between the filter material and the native
soil and to discourage lateral migration of the percolating effluent
at this interface.
(3)Â
Plowing shall be to a depth exceeding six inches,
but not exceeding nine inches. Rototilling is prohibited.
H.Â
Operation and maintenance. The pump chamber or siphon
shall be kept free of excess solids. Vegetal cover shall be maintained
intact on the mound and erosion prevented.
A.Â
Where a system design other than that described in
this article is proposed, the applicant must submit the design to
the administrative authority and the Department concurrently. This
proposal must be accompanied by a written statement justifying such
a design, containing, as a minimum, the following information:
B.Â
The Department of Environmental Protection and administration
authority request additional information relative to the above. The
Department and administrative authority shall approve or disapprove
with regard to the technical adequacy of the proposal and its impact
upon groundwaters and surface waters and shall notify the applicant.
A.Â
Double ring infiltrometer test. Vertical hydraulic
conductivity shall be determined by the double ring infiltrometer
test as performed by an approved professional. When there are sufficient
number of cobbles, stones, gravel, etc., in the soil so that the infiltrometer
rings cannot be properly inserted, it will be necessary to perform
other specific tests to determine the soil suitability. The use of
such tests shall first be approved by the administrative authority
or its authorized agent.
B.Â
Required depth of permeability testing.
(1)Â
Slowly permeable soils with or without high groundwater.
Permeability tests shall be conducted at a depth of 20 inches to 24
inches from existing grade. If a more slowly permeable horizon exists
at less than 20 inches to 24 inches, permeability tests shall be conducted
within that horizon which is the more or most restrictive.
(2)Â
Shallow permeable soils over creviced bedrock. Permeability
tests shall be conducted at a depth of 12 inches to 18 inches from
existing grade. If a more restrictive horizon exists within four feet,
permeability tests shall be conducted within that horizon.
(3)Â
Permeable soils with high groundwater. Permeability
tests shall be conducted at a depth of 20 inches to 24 inches from
existing grade. If a more slowly permeable horizon exists at less
than 20 inches to 24 inches, permeability tests shall be conducted
within that horizon.
C.Â
Determination of seasonably high water table and test
pit requirements.
(1)Â
The level of seasonally high water table shall be
determined by the highest level of soil mottles. This visual determination
shall be made by an approved professional in accordance with the following
requirements:
(a)Â
A minimum of four test pits shall be made for
each proposed disposal area. All pits shall be at least 10 feet deep
and one such pit shall be on each side but immediately outside the
limits of the proposed disposal bed area. The face of each test pit
shall be exposed to direct sunlight during the visual examination.
The pits shall be dug within 72 hours of visual examination by the
approved professional.
(b)Â
Identifying location.
[1]Â
The approximate seasonal high water table location
may be initially identified by inspection pipes or existing ponds
or pits around the perimeter of the proposed disposal area or field
examined during the wettest period of the year. Final determination
of the seasonal high water table shall be made by an approved professional's
visual and textural examinations of the full depth of the test pits.
Specific attention shall be paid to the observation of low chroma
mottles. The presence of gray mottles with a chroma of two or less
is considered sufficient evidence of a seasonal high water table in
most soils. In certain soils, three chroma mottles with values of
six or seven are indicators of wetness. Relic mottles which do not
represent wetness under current climate shall be identified, but will
not be used to determine the level of the seasonal high water table.
[2]Â
Soils that are wet but do not have low chroma
mottles shall be identified and are to be used in determination of
the seasonal high water table.
(c)Â
All information shall be provided to the administrative
authority as a detailed soil log for each test pit on forms supplied
by the administrative authority.
(3)Â
If the soil logs differ significantly from each other,
the authorized agent reviewing the results may require additional
test pits.
(4)Â
The soils profile or sequence of horizons shall extend
from the natural ground surface down at least four feet below the
bottom of the proposed disposal bed, even if to a greater extent than
the above-stated ten-foot depth.
(5)Â
The soil log shall classify the soil types as A, B
and C and define the natural drainage characteristics of each horizon
using the following terms:
(6)Â
The permeability tests of the soils within the proposed
disposal bed area shall be performed in the most restrictive layer
below the proposed depth of the disposal bed.
A.Â
Operation and Maintenance Manual.
(1)Â
Prior to initial operation of a community sewage disposal
system, the holder of the permit to locate, construct or alter shall
prepare an Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Manual, which shall
be acceptable to and approved by the administrative authority, its
authorized agent and the Township Engineer. The following elements
must be included therein:
(a)Â
Subdivision site plan showing the collecting
system.
(b)Â
As-built construction drawings of the system.
(c)Â
Flow diagrams and schematics.
(d)Â
Wiring diagrams and schematics.
(e)Â
Manufacturers' data on all components.
(f)Â
Parts list.
(g)Â
Description of start/stop, testing and operating
procedures.
(h)Â
Troubleshooting guide.
(i)Â
Routine maintenance check list.
(j)Â
Emergency telephone list.
B.Â
Management of operations.
(1)Â
The person engaged to maintain, operate, repair and replace a community sewage disposal system or designated operator, as described in § 131-19E, shall be a licensed treatment plant operator, Grade S-3 or higher.
(2)Â
The name of the designated operator as described in § 131-19E shall be provided to the administrative authority, Township Engineer and Police Department. This information shall be kept current, and changes in the operator shall be made by contract amendment. The operator shall be on-call 24 hours per day. Alternate or backup operators who are familiar with the system shall be designated so that emergency service will always be available.
(3)Â
The designated operator shall be responsible for the
following:
(a)Â
Operation of the system.
(b)Â
Compilation of accurate operational and maintenance
records.
(c)Â
Communication with and education of the holder
of the permit to operate regarding potential problems with operation
and maintenance.
(d)Â
Assistance with budget preparation.
(e)Â
Awareness of safety hazards connected with wastewater.
(4)Â
The operator shall be available to discuss system
operation with the holder of the permit, Township officials or other
authorized persons. The operator shall also keep informed of new and
improved operating and maintenance practices, including participation
in adult school or extension courses when available. Such attendance
shall be reported to the administrative authority.
C.Â
Emptying and cleaning of subsurface sewage disposal
system.
(1)Â
General. Only equipment approved for this purpose
shall be used in cleaning facilities used for the reception or storage
of sanitary wastes.
(a)Â
Mobile tanks shall be securely mounted on trucks
and shall be watertight and provided with a leakproof cover.
(b)Â
Mobile tank venting shall be provided with a
vent constructed in a manner that will permit the escape of gases
but not liquid contained therein.
(c)Â
Pumps shall be maintained in a condition that
will prevent leakage of sewage.
(d)Â
Hose. Only suction or pressure hose in good
repair shall be used.
(2)Â
Operation. The operation shall be so conducted that
no waste material will be deposited on the ground adjacent to the
structure being cleaned. If any spillage occurs, it shall be removed
and the affected area shall be treated with lime.
(3)Â
Disposal.
(a)Â
Contents resulting from the emptying and cleaning
of various elements of the subsurface sewage disposal systems shall
be conveyed in appropriate mobile tanks and disposed of only in a
manner approved by the administrative authority.
(b)Â
One of the following methods of disposal shall
be used by the collector:
[1]Â
A sewage treatment plant having adequate capacity
to treat such wastes as approved by the Department.
[2]Â
A landfill operating in compliance with state
regulations and approved for sewage disposal.
[3]Â
Any other method of disposal approved by the
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.
D.Â
Operation of the pump station, collection system and
trench or mound disposal system.
(1)Â
Pumping station. The pumping system is automatic, but its operation is dependent upon the surveillance and other manual action of the designated operator. The operator shall perform the following duties at the indicated intervals and record the data on a log as described in Subsection F:
(a)Â
On a weekly basis. Inspect wet well, clean pump
screens, record electric meter readings, check operation of the controls
of the pumps and alarms and wash down as required, throw main switch
and start generator motor, check controls and operation for approximately
30 minutes - periodic exercise under load for 15 minutes is mandatory
and inspect valves in the pump station and the disposal fields. In
season, mow grass and trim shrubbery.
(b)Â
On a monthly basis. As part of preventative
maintenance, parts shall be inspected and replaced if necessary.
(c)Â
On a quarterly basis. Test a water sample from
each monitoring well for water level, fecal coliform, nitrates and
chlorides. The results shall be recorded in the log. Any sample which
exceeds the limits indicated in the State of New Jersey's Surface
and Ground Water Standards shall be immediately reported to the Township.
(d)Â
On an annual basis. Check the capability of
each pump (discharge capacity under 150% of operating pressure).
(2)Â
Emergency operations and malfunctions.
(a)Â
In the event of an operational failure at the
pump station, an alarm, visible and audible at the station, will be
transmitted to a central alarm company, who in turn will notify by
telephone the designated operator and the authorized agent, if during
regular business hours, otherwise no later than the next business
day. The operator shall then visit the site, take corrective action
and record such action in the log book.
(b)Â
In case of a power failure, an alarm will be
activated as described above and the motor generator will start automatically
if required. The operator shall thereafter visit the site and check
the engine gauges to make sure they are within the limits identified
in the manufacturer's manual.
E.Â
Maintenance of the pumping system. The wet well shall
be periodically cleaned and the solids removed regularly and placed
into the community septic tank for scheduled removal by a licensed
septage hauler.
(1)Â
Community septic tanks. The solids shall be measured,
recorded and reported monthly and removed when the depth equals 1/6
of the depth of the community septic tank.
(2)Â
Individual lot septic tanks. These tanks shall be
examined, measured, recorded and reported yearly. They shall be cleaned
when the solids or scum is equal to 1/3 the depth of the septic
tank.
(3)Â
Trench disposal system. The systems shall be alternated
on a yearly basis by means of a diversion valve. If necessary and
when approved by the administrative authority, the application of
oxidizing agents may be used. Handling of such agents is limited to
trained individuals.
(4)Â
Valves. Valves shall be inspected periodically for
proper position (open or closed), leaks and damage. All valves should
be exercised at least twice a year to detect inoperability.
F.Â
Records.
(1)Â
Inventory. A data card shall be maintained for each
piece of equipment, which card shall include the following:
(a)Â
Date of purchase.
(b)Â
Date when placed in service.
(c)Â
Date when taken from service, repaired or discarded.
(d)Â
Manufacturer's name, address and telephone number.
(e)Â
Shop drawings, manufacturer's literature and,
if existing, where filed.
(f)Â
Operational data. The designated operator shall
maintain operational records, to be filed with and in a form acceptable
to the administrative authority on a quarterly basis.
(g)Â
Maintenance records. The maintenance and monthly
inspection log shall be kept by the operator and submitted each year
to the administrative authority.
(h)Â
Financial records. Documentation of the systems'
finances shall be kept in a form acceptable to the administrative
authority and homeowners' association.
(i)Â
Records of accidents, injuries or other emergencies.
In the event of an accident involving personnel, serious pollution
resulting from an accident or malfunction of the system and any other
emergency situations, a detailed written report explaining the nature
and results of such occurrence shall be submitted to the administrative
authority. A follow-up report demonstrating that corrective and/or
preventative measures and/or equipment have been initiated or installed
shall be submitted within 30 days thereafter.
A.Â
Permit to locate, construct or alter community sewage
disposal system. Community sewage disposal systems shall not be located,
constructed or altered until the administrative authority has reviewed
the proposed system and caused the authorized agent to issue a permit
to locate, construct or alter a community sewage disposal system,
which permit shall precede the issuance of a building permit. The
application for a permit to locate, construct or alter a community
sewage disposal system shall be filed with the authorized agent, made
on forms supplied by the administrative authority or authorized agent,
and shall, as a minimum, include the following:
(1)Â
A key map locating the property to be served, a sketch
map showing the property to be served, the location of the sewerage
facilities proposed, the location of any source of potable water supply
and any areas designed to provide drainage as defined in N.J.S.A.
40:55D-4, on the same or adjoining premises.
(2)Â
The number of bedrooms, including expansion attics
for single-family dwellings and the estimated sewage flow for buildings
other than a single-family dwelling.
(3)Â
A description of the type of sewerage facilities proposed.
(4)Â
Results of the soil hydraulic conductivity tests performed
in accordance with this article and the soil logs.
(5)Â
Depth to seasonally high groundwater table at the
proposed disposal field.
(6)Â
Lot corners, proposed disposal field sites and subsoil
location, staked and so identified.
(7)Â
The bylaws, membership assessments and dues and methods
of enforcement and collection of delinquent assessments and dues of
the homeowners' association responsible for maintenance, operation,
repair and replacement of the system.
(a)Â
The bylaws shall include the following management
responsibilities:
[1]Â
Efficient system operation.
[2]Â
Operational and management records.
[3]Â
Staff requirements, job descriptions and organizational
charts.
[4]Â
Safety equipment and proper operating tools.
[5]Â
Operator training program.
[6]Â
Inspection of the system.
[7]Â
Budgets and reports.
[8]Â
Public relations.
(b)Â
The bylaws shall also contain the amount and
method of payment for the individual homeowners' share of maintenance
and operation of the system, including the community septic tank as
well as the individual's own septic tank. In addition, the bylaws
shall delineate acceptable uses of the disposal fields, including
reserved fields, which uses expressly exclude any active recreation
such as ball fields or any other permanent recreational purpose.
B.Â
Consideration of application to locate, construct
or alter community sewage disposal system. The application for a permit
to locate, construct or alter a community sewage disposal system shall
first be reviewed by the authorized agent and thereafter considered
by the administrative authority. At least seven days' notice of the
date on which the administrative authority will consider the application
shall be afforded the applicant. If after review of the application
the administrative authority determines to approve the application,
the authorized agent shall issue a permit to locate, construct or
alter a community sewage disposal system to the applicant, at which
time location, construction or alteration of the system may begin.
C.Â
Applications filed with Department. Copies of all
applications for permits to locate, construct or alter community sewage
disposal systems and accompanying data shall be filed with or mailed
to the Department on the date they are filed with the administrative
authority.
D.Â
Site inspections. Following issuance of the permit
to locate, construct or alter a community sewage disposal system,
the administrative authority or its authorized agent shall make sufficient
inspections during installation of any community sewage disposal system
to determine soil characteristics and that the system has been installed
in accordance with the provisions of this article. Inspections must
be requested at least 24 hours in advance. Community sewage disposal
systems shall not be covered until inspected by the administrative
authority or its agent. Any part of the disposal system which is covered
without permission shall be uncovered upon the order of the administrative
authority or its authorized agent. A site inspection shall be made:
(1)Â
Upon completion of excavation(s) and prior to placement
of filtering material in each disposal trench or bed.
(2)Â
After the filter material has been placed and the
distribution line(s) has been set, but not covered.
(3)Â
During the connection of the building sewer, distribution
line(s) and other pipe to the distribution box(es).
(4)Â
Upon completion of installation.
E.Â
Permit to operate.
(1)Â
No community sewage disposal system shall be operated
until a permit to operate or renewal thereof has been issued by the
authorized agent to the developer and/or homeowners' association,
as the case may be. The homeowners' association which is to become
responsible for maintenance, operation repair and replacement of the
system shall not become responsible for maintenance, operation, repair
or replacement until 100% of the realty improvements to be serviced
by the community system have been conveyed, at which time the homeowners'
association shall apply for a permit to operate.
(2)Â
Application on forms supplied by the authorized agent
for a permit to operate shall be made following completion of installation
of the system as approved by the administrative authority and the
required site inspections. The term of a permit to operate shall be
one year. A permit to operate shall not be issued until the developer
has posted a two-year maintenance bond, the form and amount of which
shall be approved by the administrative authority, with the Township,
and the developer has contracted with a person duly qualified under
this article to maintain, operate, repair and replace community sewage
disposal systems (the designated operator) for the one-year term the
permit to operate is sought. A true copy of said contract shall be
supplied to the authorized agent.
(3)Â
At such time as the homeowners' association makes
application for a permit to operate, it shall post a two-year maintenance
bond, the form and amount of which shall be approved by the administrative
authority, with the Township, and shall contract with a person duly
qualified under this article to maintain, operate, repair and replace
community sewage disposal systems (the designated operator) for the
one-year term the permit to operate is sought. A true copy of the
contract shall be supplied to the authorized agent. The holder of
a permit to operate shall also maintain general liability insurance
for damages resulting from bodily injury, including death, and property
damage which may arise out of operation and/or maintenance of the
system.
F.Â
Renewal of permit to operate. The permit to operate shall be renewed on an annual basis by the authorized agent upon payment of the renewal fee by the entity responsible for maintenance under Subsection E above, filing of a maintenance bond and maintenance contract as set forth in Subsection E above, and provided that the system is not malfunctioning or otherwise being operated in violation of this article.
G.Â
Denial of permit to operate or renewal thereof. In
the event that a permit to operate or renewal thereof is denied by
the authorized agent, a hearing shall be held thereon before the administrative
authority within 30 days after request therefor is made by the applicant.
At the conclusion of said hearing, the administrative authority shall
affirm, alter or reverse the decision of the authorized agent.
H.Â
Revised plans and bylaws.
(1)Â
Revision of plans of proposed community sewage disposal
systems shall be approved only with the written consent of the administrative
authority or its authorized agent. Such revision may be deemed necessary
if conditions found prior to or during installation warrant such change
in order to obtain compliance with the provisions of this article.
(2)Â
The bylaws, membership assessments and dues and methods
of enforcement and collection of delinquent assessments and dues of
the homeowners' association insofar as they pertain to maintenance,
operation, repair and replacement of the system shall not be amended
or revised without approval of the administrative authority.
I.Â
Existing community sewage disposal systems. The provisions
of this article shall not be applied to community sewage disposal
systems in existence at the time of its adoption or prior to subsequent
amendment or revision of its sections. However, any replacement, repair,
extension or alteration of any portion of any unit or units of such
system shall be made in compliance with the provisions of this article.
J.Â
Stop-work orders. The administrative authority or
its authorized agent may order all further work in or about any community
sewage disposal system which is being installed in violation of this
article to be stopped forthwith, except such work as shall be necessary
to correct such violation and, thereafter, the work continued without
any violation of any of the provisions of the article, and after issuance
of any such order and the service of a copy thereof upon any person
connected with or working in and about the installation of any such
disposal system or any part thereof, no further work shall be done
thereon except as aforesaid.
K.Â
Interpretation of provisions. These rules, regulations
and standards shall be considered the minimum requirements for the
protection of the public health, safety and welfare of the residents
of West Windsor Township. Any action taken by the Division of Health
or its agents under the terms of this article shall give primary consideration
to the above-mentioned matters.
L.Â
Variances to article provisions. Any request for deviation
from the rules, regulations and standards of this article must be
made at least 14 days prior to consideration by the administrative
authority. Such variances must be heard at a regular public meeting
attended by at least five administrative authority members. The administrative
authority must state its reasons for approval or denial of said variance
request in accordance with the provisions of this article.
A.Â
If a community sewage disposal system is not maintained,
operated, emptied, inspected or cleaned in accordance with this article
or a malfunction should occur, the authorized agent shall give written
notice to the holder of the permit to operate describing the deficiencies
and ordering it to perform the necessary repairs, maintenance, modification,
replacement, cleaning, emptying, pumping or draining within seven
days, except in the event of an emergency or imminent health hazard,
in which event the authorized agent shall order the holder of the
permit to operate to perform the necessary work immediately. The notice
shall also contain a provision that failure to correct the deficiencies
may result in revocation of the permit to operate and/or a correction
of the deficiencies by the administrative authority or authorized
agent, the cost of which shall be assessed pro rata against each realty
improvement serviced by the system and become a lien and tax on said
properties, to be collected and enforced in the same manner as real
property taxes. A copy of said notice shall also be mailed to the
record owner of each realty improvement serviced by the system.
B.Â
If the deficiencies are of an emergent nature or represent
an imminent health hazard and the holder of the permit to operate
fails to immediately perform the necessary work, the administrative
authority or authorized agent may, without further notice, revoke
the permit to operate and/or cause the deficiencies to be corrected,
the entire cost of which, including administration expenses, as certified
by the authorized agent to Township Council, shall be paid by the
holder of the permit to operate within seven days of submission of
a bill to the holder of the permit to operate by the Township Council
and, if not so paid, thereafter assessed pro rata against each realty
improvement serviced by the system as a lien and tax on those properties,
to be collected and enforced in the same manner as real property taxes.
C.Â
If deficiencies of a nonemergent nature are not corrected
within seven days or any permitted extension thereof, the administrative
authority or authorized agent may without further notice revoke the
permit to operate and/or, upon seven days' notice to the holder of
the permit to operate and record owners of the realty improvements
serviced by the system of a hearing thereon, cause the deficiencies
to be corrected, the entire cost of which, including administrative
expenses, as certified by the authorized agent to the Township Council,
shall be paid by the holder of the permit to operate within seven
days of submission of a bill to the holder of the permit to operate
by the Township Council and, if not paid, thereafter assessed pro
rata against each realty improvement serviced by the system as a lien
and tax on those properties, to be collected and enforced in the same
manner as real property taxes.
[Adopted by the Board of Health 12-20-1989
by Ord. No. BH 89-2 (Ch. BH:III of the Revised General Ordinances);
readopted by the Township Council 4-19-1999 by Ord. No. 99-07]
There is hereby adopted by reference the code
and regulations set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:9A, Standards for Individual
Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems, except as hereinafter deleted,
modified, changed or amended. Pursuant to N.J.S.A. 26:3-69.1 et seq.,
the aforesaid code and regulations, which are printed in book form,
are incorporated herein, and three copies of said code, as amended,
shall be placed on file in the office of the Health Officer of the
Township of West Windsor. The following sections of N.J.A.C. 7:9A
are hereby amended as permitted by N.J.A.C. 7:9A-3.1.
|
7:9A-3.4(a)1Â Â Contamination of nearby
wells, storm drains, or surface water bodies...
| |
|
7:9A-3.4(a)5Â Â The system
requires pumping three times in any 12 consecutive month period from
the date of first use.
| |
|
7:9A-3.4(b)3Â Â The administrative
authority shall be notified in advance of all pumping dates. Assurance
must be given that the holding tank will be emptied and the contents
disposed of in a manner which complies with all applicable local,
state and federal ordinances, statutes and regulations. As a means
of confirmation, the owner of the system shall submit to the administrative
authority, within 24 hours, written evidence of the date and quantity
of sewage, the name of the facility to which the sewage is taken,
as well as any other information which is requested by the administrative
authority.
| |
|
7:9A-3.5(c)2.i  Horizontal
and vertical location of all components of the proposed
system.
| |
|
7:9A-3.5(c) 2.iii  Locations of existing
and proposed buildings, roadways, storm sewers, subsurface drains, wells, ...
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|
7:9A-3.5(c) 2.iv  Existing and finished
grade topography ([two] one foot contour...)
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|
7:9A-3.5(c) 2.v  Horizontal
and vertical location...
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|
7:9A-3.5(c) 2.xii  Locations of existing and proposed trees and shrubbery whose roots
may cause clogging of any part of the system.
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|
7:9A-3.5(c) 2.xiii  Location of existing and proposed driveways, decks, patios, accessory
buildings, in ground and above ground pools.
| |
|
7:9A-3.6(a)Â Â ...The administrative
authority or its authorized agent [may] shall require a maximum of [15] 30 business days
prior [to] written notice for the purpose of witnessing of soil evaluation
or testing procedures. All data acquired by field testing
methods shall be signed by the authorized agent or designee to certify
on-site test witnessing.
| |
|
7.9A-3.6(b)Â Â ...Failure of the administrative
authority or its authorized agent to be present when [15] 30 business days prior written notice has been given
shall not be construed to be a waiver of the
witnessing requirements. It shall be incumbent upon the
applicant to provide same day telephone notification to the authorized
agent prior to commencement of testing in the event of the authorized
agent's failure to be present.
| |
|
7:9A-3.7(d)Â Â "As built" septic system plans shall be submitted prior to the issuance
of a certificate of compliance by the administrative authority or
its authorized agent. Location information provided on the as-built
plan shall be certified by the signature and seal of a New Jersey
Licensed Land Surveyor. As-built septic system design specifications
shall be certified by the signature and seal of New Jersey Licensed
Professional Engineer.
| |
|
7:9A-3.13(a) Certificate of Compliance.
| |
|
Prior to the issuance of a certificate of compliance,
the administrative authority or its authorized agent shall make sufficient
inspections during the course of construction and installation or
alteration of the individual subsurface sewage disposal system to
determine that the system has been located, constructed and installed
or altered in compliance with the requirements of this chapter and
the approved engineering design. An on-site inspection
must be made.
| |
|
(i)
|
Upon completion of excavation(s)
and prior to placement of filter material in each disposal trench
or bed.
|
|
(ii)
|
During placement and consolidation
of sand filter materials if and when required.
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(iii)
|
After the filter stone materials
have been placed and the distributions have been laid.
|
|
(iv)
|
After the filter stone, salt hay
or geotextile material has been placed over the distribution lines.
|
|
(v)
|
After the connection of the building
sewer to the septic tank, and the connecting pipe and laterals to
the distribution box. All joints shall be cured prior to inspection.
|
|
(vi)
|
After filling of the septic tank
and distribution box with clean water to test for equal distribution
and water-tightness.
|
|
Inspections must be requested at
least 24 (twenty four) hours in advance.
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|
7:9A-3.15(a) 7Â Â As-built plans and certifications submitted to the administrative
authority.
| |
|
7:9A-3.18Â Â Additional requirements
for certification of sewerage facilities serving subdivisions involving
more than [10] 2 realty improvements.
| |
|
7:9A-3.18(a)Â Â ...Where more than [10] 2 realty improvements are involved, additional information
is required as set forth in (c) below.
| |
|
7:9A-3.18(c)Â Â For certifications pursuant
to N.J.S.A. 58-11-25, of sewerage facilities proposed to serve subdivisions
consisting of more than [10] 2 realty improvements,
the following information is required in addition to the information
required by N.J.A.C. 7:9A-3.5(c).
| |
|
7:9A-3.18(h)Â Â [Delete as written]
| |
|
In cases where preliminary Planning
Board approval is sought, a minimum of one soil log and one percolation
[or permeability] test shall be performed and witnessed pursuant to
7:9A-3.6(a) in the amount of not less than one set per acre or one
set per lot, whichever parameter will result in the greater number
of tests performed. Additionally, at least one soil log shall be performed
for every soil series present within the area of the subdivision as
shown on Soil Conservation Survey Maps.
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|
7:9A-4.4(a)Â Â The disposal field [or
seepage pit] shall not be located in an area where the slope is greater
than 25%.
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|
7:9A-4.4(b)Â Â Where the slope is greater
than 10%, no disposal field [or seepage pit] shall be placed less
than 50 feet up slope of any bedrock outcrop where signs of groundwater
seepage can be detected.
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7:9A-4.6(f)Â Â No part of
a subsurface sewage disposal system shall be constructed within the
New Jersey Flood Hazard Area Design Flood (NJFHADF) Limit (one-hundred-year
flood + 25%).
| |
|
7:9A-4.6(j)Â Â The administrative
authority may in its judgment limit the use of areas which it believes
may be subject to surface flooding or where seasonally high groundwater
may interfere with the satisfactory treatment and disposal through
percolation of sewage.
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7.9A-4.8Â Â Area Reserved for Sewage
Disposal.
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|
(a)Â Â The area used for sewage disposal...
or interfere with system maintenance. The disposal field(s),
including reserve fields, shall not be used for any purpose which
would have a deleterious effect on the system or prevent immediate
availability in the case of reserve areas. Vegetative planting upon
both primary and reserve disposal areas shall be limited to grass
unless otherwise specified by the administrative authority.
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(b)Â Â Proposed lots sized less than 32, 670 S.F., (Â 3/4 of an acre),
which are to be served by an individual subsurface sewage disposal
system shall provide a reserve area for an alternate disposal system.
The reserve area shall be sized according to the maximum percolation
or permeability rate obtained within the reserve area during onsite
soil testing.
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Testing of reserve areas shall comply
with the provisions of N.J.A.C. 7:9A-5.1 et seq.
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Construction of an alternate disposal
system within the reserve area shall commence in the event of a malfunction
of the primary disposal system as defined in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-3.4.
| |
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The reserve area may be in the front,
rear or side yard and shall comply with the provisions of N.J.A.C.
7:9A-4.3.[2] The reserve area may occupy the area between disposal
trenches provided the minimum spacing between trenches (sidewall to
sidewall) is increased from six feet to 10 feet and the maximum proposed
trench width is two feet.
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Lots on which a disposal bed system
is utilized shall provide a reserve disposal area which is located
a minimum of 10 feet away from the primary disposal bed.
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(c)Â Â In all cases where percolation rate in excess of 25 minutes per inch
is obtained within soil material proposed to remain in place below
the disposal field a reserve disposal area shall be required. The
reserve area shall be sized according to the maximum percolation rate
obtained within the reserve area.
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Testing reserve areas shall comply
with the provisions of N.J.A.C. 7:9A-5.1 et seq.
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Construction of an alternate disposal
system within the reserve area shall commence in the event of a malfunction
of the primary disposal system as defined in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-3.4. The
reserve area may occupy the area between disposal trenches provided
the minimum spacing between trenches (sidewall to sidewall) is increased
from six feet to 10 feet and the maximum proposed trench width is
2 feet.
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Lots on which a disposal bed system
is utilized shall provide a reserve disposal area which is located
a minimum of 10 feet away from the primary disposal bed.
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7:9A-5.1(a)Â Â When a site ... This
determination shall be made based upon soil profile characteristics
observed in soil profile pits [and borings] as prescribed in N.J.A.C.
7:9A 5.2....
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7:9A-5.2Â Â Requirements for soil profile
pits [and borings]
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7:9A-5.2(a)Â Â Soil profile pits shall
be excavated...present at the site. [Partial substitution for soil
profile pits may be made using soil borings as outlined in (b) below.]
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7:9A-5.2(b)Â Â A minimum of two profile
pits are required for each disposal field. [A minimum of three soil
borings may be performed in lieu of the second profile pit, provided
that the soil horizons and substrata observed in the borings are not
significantly different from those observed in the first profile pit.]
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7:9A-5.2(c)Â Â The location of soil
profile pits [and borings] for disposal fields shall be as follows:[3]...
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7:9A-5.2(c).3. [When soil borings are substituted
for the second profile pit ... no further than 15 feet beyond the
boundaries of the disposal field.] Reserved
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7:9A-5.2(d)Â Â [When a seepage pit(s)
is proposed ... no further than 15 feet from the seepage pit.] Reserved
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7:9A-5.2(e).l. Profile pits shall be excavated
[if possible] to a minimum depth of [10] 13 feet below the existing ground surface or to solid bedrock where
encountered. [If the profile pit becomes unstable due to lack of soil
cohesion or the presence of groundwater or both the pit may be terminated
... and soil evaluation below the depth of the pit may be carried
out by means of three or more soil borings, performed as prescribed
in (f) below.]
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7:9A-5.2(e).2. [When a seepage pit is proposed,
the profile pit...beyond the range of the excavating equipment.]
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|
7:9A-5.2(e).3. It is recommended ... may be
accomplished by examination of samples removed by excavating equipment
[or by examination of three or more borings, performed as prescribed
in (f) below.]
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|
7:9A-5.2(f)Â Â Reserved [Soil borings shall be performed as follows:]
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|
[1. Soil borings shall be...or to solid bedrock
where encountered]
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[2. Soil borings shall be made ... and does
not slump.]
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|
7:9A-5.2(g)Â Â In soil profile pits
[and borings] the following characteristics of each recognizable soil
horizon ... shall be determined.
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7:9A-5.3(a)Â Â A soil log shall be prepared
for each soil profile pit [or soil boring].
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7:9A-5.6(a).3. When doubt exists as to whether
a horizon or substratum should be considered excessively coarse, the
administrative authority. Soil horizons or substrata which are tested
shall be considered excessively coarse when the measured permeability
is faster than 20 inches per hour or the measured percolation rate
is faster than three minutes per inch. [Alternatively, soil texture
may be verified by textural analysis as prescribed in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-6.3]. In all cases, percolation tests shall be performed to determine if
excessively coarse soil horizons are present. Permeability testing
shall be performed if and when directed by the administrative authority.
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7:9A-5.7(b)Â Â When doubt exists as
to whether a soil horizon... The soil horizon or substratum shall
be considered to be hydraulically restrictive if the measured permeability
is slower than [0.2] 0.6 inches per hour or
the percolation rate is slower than [60] 40 minutes per inch.
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|
7:9A-5.8(b).2. Where mottling is not observed,
the seasonally high water table shall be determined based upon [either
of] the following method[s].
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|
7:9A-5.8(b)2.ii  [During other times
of the year, the depth to the seasonally high water table may be obtained
from the Soil Conservation Service County Soil Survey Report provided...the
highest elevation of the range shall be used as the seasonal high
water table.] Reserved.
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7:9A-6.1(a)Â Â The design permeability
is the basis for determining the minimum required area... When a soil
replacement, mound or mounded soil replacement installation is proposed,
a minimum of one percolation test shall be
conducted within the fill material after it has been emplaced and
compacted, [or a tube permeameter test shall be conducted using samples
of the fill material... In lieu of this, the permeability class rating
method may be used to determine whether the fill material used meets
the requirements of N.J.A.C. 7:9A-10.1(f)4]
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|
The administrative authority shall
require in all cases that at least four satisfactory percolation tests
be performed within the native soil proposed for sewage disposal.
At the discretion of the administrative authority, additional permeability
testing shall be performed as confirmation of suitability indicated
by percolation test results.
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|
7:9A-6.1(c)Â Â The type of tests which
may be used shall be determined based upon the purpose of the test
and the soil conditions at the depth of the test as shown in Table
6.1 below.
| |
|
Table 6.1 Type of Test
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Test Options:
|
1
|
—
|
Tube Permeameter Test
|
|
2
|
—
|
[Soil Permeability Class Rating Testt] reserved
| |
|
3
|
—
|
Percolation Test Required in all
cases
| |
|
4
|
—
|
Basin Flooding Test
| |
|
5
|
—
|
[Pit-bailing Test] reserved
| |
|
6
|
—
|
[Piezometer Test] reserved
| |
|
Purpose of Test and Soil Conditions at
Depth of Test
Acceptable Test Options
| |
|
I. Determination of Design Permeability at Level
of Infiltration (Conventional Disposal Field), Determination
of Design Permeability at Bottom of Excavation (Soil Replacement,
Mound or Mounded Soil Replacement) Within the Native Soil, Identification of Hydraulically Restrictive or Excessively Coarse
Horizons or Substrata Above the Water Table
| |
|
A. Sands and loamy sands with single grain structure...1,
[2] or 3
| |
|
B. Other Soil Textures
| |
|
1. Undisturbed sample can be taken...1, [2]
or 3.
| |
|
2. Undisturbed sample cannot be taken...[2 or]
3.
| |
|
II. Identification of Massive Rock Substrata
| |
|
Above the Water Table....... 4
| |
|
III. Identification of Hydraulically Restrictive
Horizons or Substrata and Massive Rock Substrata and Design
Permeability at Bottom of Excavation Within the Native Soil (Soil
Replacement Mound and Mounded Soil Replacement)
| |
|
Below the Water Table  NONE ACCEPTABLE
| |
|
IV. [Design of Seepage Pits.... 3]
| |
|
Reserved
| |
|
  [t]  [This test shall
not be used in soil horizons or substrata containing coarse fragments
in excess of 50% by volume or 75% by weight]
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|
7:9A-6.1(d)Â Â The number and location
of permeability tests required shall be as follows:
| |
|
1.
|
When the tube permeameter [or the soil permeability
class rating] test [are] is used to [determine] confirm percolation test [the] design permeability data at the level of infiltration, or the
bottom of excavation for soil replacement, mound and mounded soil
replacement, a minimum of [one] four tests shall be conducted within each disposal
field and each test shall consist of a minimum of [two] four replicates per test where the variability of test
results exceeds the limits allowed in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-6.2(i)2, or where
the results of soil profile pits [or borings], made as prescribed
in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-5.2 indicate the presence of more than one soil type
within the area of the disposal field. When soil tests taken ... the
most restrictive conditions found within the area of the disposal
field.
|
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2.
|
When the basin flooding test, [the pit bailing
test or the Piezometer test are] is required
for identification of limiting zones, a minimum of [one] two tests shall be required rwithin and no further than
15 feet beyond ft boundaries of each disposal field. The administrative
authority may require more than [one] two tests where conditions vary from one part of the disposal field to another.
|
|
3.
|
In cases where a [pit bailing or] basin flooding
test or part of a test pit has been excavated within the boundaries
of the proposed disposal trench or bed... in the soil below the disposal
bed or trench.
|
|
7:9A-6.1(e)1. When the percolation test is used
... a minimum number of percolation tests based upon the size of the
proposed disposal field as follows:
| |
|
Size of Disposal Field
(square feet)
|
Minimum Number of Tests
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Less than 1500
|
[2]
|
4
|
|
1500 - 3000
|
[3]
|
5
|
|
3000 - 4000
|
[4]
|
6
|
|
4000 - 6000
|
[5]
|
7
|
|
7:9A-6.1(e)2. When the accuracy of a percolation
test is questioned... The [average] most restrictive of the results obtained from replicate tests at a given location
within the disposal field shall be used for design purposes or for
determination of soil suitability of that location.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.1(e)4. [When a percolation test is abandoned
due to lack of measurable percolation, this test may be disregarded
provided ... replicates taken at that location yield measurable percolation
rates.]
| ||
|
When a percolation test is abandoned
due to lack of measurable percolation, the horizontal and vertical
location of said test shall be considered unsuitable for on site sewage
disposal.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.1(e)7. [When a seepage pit is proposed
... the presence of a limiting zone is in question] Reserved.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.1(g)Â Â When the results of a
permeability test or a percolation test... When the tube permeameter
test [or the soil permeability class rating method] is used ... for
verification of soil permeability. All cost associated
with such verification shall be the sole responsibility of the applicant. In cases...of soil suitability.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.2(c)Â Â When the tube permeameter
test is used, a minimum of [two] four tests each consisting of [two] four replicate samples
shall be taken and the procedures outlined in this section shall be
followed... It is recommended that more than [two] four replicate samples be taken to avoid the necessity of resampling...
| ||
|
7:9A-6.2(j)2. When the purpose of the test is
to identify a hydraulically restrictive horizon or substratum above
the water table, the horizon or substratum in question shall be considered
hydraulically restrictive if the [average] slowest permeability of the replicate samples tested falls within soil permeability
class K0 or K1 as defined in (i) 1 above.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.2(j)3. When the purpose of the test is
to identify an excessively coarse horizon or substratum above the
water table, the horizon or substratum in question shall be considered
excessively coarse if the [average] fastest permeability of the replicate samples tested falls within permeability
Class K5 as defined in (i) 1 above.
| ||
|
7:9A.6.2(K)2Â Â When the purpose of
the test is to identify a hydraulically restrictive horizon or substratum
above the water table, the horizon or substratum in question shall
be considered hydraulically restrictive if the slowest permeability
of the replicate samples tested falls within soil permeability class
K0 or K1 as defined in (i) 1 above.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.3 [Soil Permeability Class Rating] reserved
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(d)Â Â In sandy textured soils,
including sands [,] and loamy sands, [and sandy
loams] where a rapid percolation rate is anticipated... If this time
is less than [60] 40 minutes, the test procedure
may begin as prescribed in (e) below without further pre-soaking.
If water remains in the test hole after [60] 40 minutes, the hole must be pre-soaked as prescribed in (c) above
before proceeding with the test.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(e)1. Step One. If water remains....
the test shall be terminated and the percolation rate shall be reported
as greater than [60] 40 minutes per inch....
If no water remains ... two tenths of an inch.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(f)1. When the purpose of the test is
to determine the design permeability... If any of the measured percolation
rates are slower than [60] 40 minutes per inch
or faster than three minutes per inch the application shall not be
approved. [A percolation rate may be the result of a single percolation
test or the average of several replicate tests as allowed in N.J.A.C.
7:9A-6.1 (e)2.]
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(f)2. When the result of [the] a test[(s)] is [an average] a percolation
rate slower than [60] 40 minutes per inch,
the horizon or substratum in question shall be considered hydraulically
restrictive.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(f)3. When the result of [the] a test[(s)] is [an average] a percolation
rate faster than three minutes per inch, the horizon or substratum
in question shall be considered excessively coarse.
| ||
|
7:9A-6.4(f)4. [When a seepage pit is proposed
... shall be excluded from this computation] Reserved
| ||
|
7.9A-6.5Â Â [Pit-bailing test] Reserved
| ||
|
7.9A-6.6Â Â [Piezometer test] Reserved
| ||
|
7:9A-7.1(c)Â Â Individual subsurface
sewage disposal systems shall not be designed in a manner that will
permit a direct or indirect detectable discharge
of sanitary sewage or septic tank effluent onto the surface of the
ground, into a subsurface drain or storm sewer, or into any water course.
| ||
|
7:9A-7.6Â Â Type of System
| ||
|
Each system approved by the administrative authority
pursuant to this chapter shall consist of a septic tank which discharges
effluent through a gravity flow, gravity dosing or pressure dosing
network to a disposal field as hereafter described. [Seepage pits
shall not be approved for new installation except in the case of a
greywater system as provided by in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-7.5]. Seepage pits are prohibited from use in West Windsor Township due
to the health hazards associated with the potential for pollution
of underground water supplies. [Installation of a seepage
pit may be approved as an alteration for an existing system subject
to the requirements of N.J.A.C. 7:9A-3.3].
| ||
|
Disposal beds shall only be permitted
when special approval of the administrative authority has been granted
requests for special permission to construct a disposal bed shall
be accompanied by relevant soil data including but not limited to
U.S.D.A. soil logs, percolation or permeability test data for each
soil horizon or substrata occurring within the proposed zone of treatment,
existing and proposed grade elevations, elevations of the top and
bottom of the proposed zone of treatment and a statement from the
design engineer indicating the basis upon which special permission
is requested. Mounded individual subsurface sewage disposal systems
shall only be permitted when special approval of the administrative
authority has been granted When a mounded system is proposed, a minimum
1.5 acre lot shall be provided. Additionally, an alternating mound
(dual system) shall be provided and a reserve disposal area shall
be tested and provided in reserve for potential future use.
| ||
|
7:9A-8.2Â Â Septic Tanks
| ||
|
(a)
|
The surface of a two compartment septic tank shall be required for all subsurface wastewater disposal
systems. Use of...
| |
|
(d)
|
[Multiple compartment septic tanks shall be
required for institutional and commercial installations where the
daily volume of sewage determined as prescribed in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-7.4
is greater than 1 000 gallons. When multiple compartment tanks are
used the following shall be required]
| |
|
Multiple compartment septic tanks
shall be required in all individual subsurface sewage disposal systems
and shall meet the following specifications:
| ||
|
1.
|
The total capacity...
| |
|
2.
|
Not more than...
| |
|
3.
|
Multiple compartments...
| |
|
(e)
|
Septic tanks shall be designed... All joints
below the liquid level of the tank or below the seasonally high water
table shall be provided with a permanent water-tight seal. A water test to verify absence of leaks shall be witnessed by the
authorized agent prior to backfilling around two piece septic tanks.
| |
|
7:9A-8.2(i)4. [Upright cylindrical tanks shall
have a minimum diameter of 52 inches. Horizontal cylindrical tanks
shall have a minimum length of 72 inches and a minimum width at the
liquid level of 36 inches]
| ||
|
Circular septic tanks shall not be
permitted.
| ||
|
7:9A-9.2(b)2. The dose volume shall be determined
based upon.. the manifold and the laterals.
| ||
|
Soil Permeability
(in/hr)
|
Percolation Rate
(min/in)
|
Required Dose Volume-Gravity Dosing
|
Required Dose Volume-Pressure Dosing
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
6-[20] 16.5
|
3-15
|
Minimum of 75% V1 Maximum of 25% Q
|
Minimum of 10 V4 Maximum
of 25% Q
|
|
[0.2] 0.6 - 6
|
15 - [60] 40
|
Minimum of 75% V Maximum of 100% Q
|
Minimum of 10 V Maximum of 100% Q
|
|
7:9A-9.2(b)3. Reserve capacity is the...
| ||
|
  Appendix A. A minimum reserve capacity
equal to the daily volume of sewage shall be required [except where
a stand-by pump is provided which is equivalent in performance capacity
to the primary pump and which will switch on automatically in the
event that the primary pump malfunctions].
| ||
|
7:9A-9.2(f)Â Â Dosing may be accomplished
by means of a pump when either gravity dosing or pressure dosing is
used. Duplicate pumps [may] shall be required
by the administrative authority. The stand-by pump shall
be equivalent in performance capacity to the primary pump and shall
switch on automatically in the event that the primary pump malfunctions.
| ||
|
The following requirements shall be met:
| ||
|
7:9A-9.4(a)(5)iv  A permanent
concrete monument shall be installed flush with finished grade directly
over the distribution box(es).
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1(a)Â Â A disposal field shall
be required for all new systems [except as allowed in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-7.6
in which case a seepage pit may be approved in lieu of a disposal
field]. The disposal field shall...
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1(d) 2. Suitable soil within the zone
of treatment shall meet the following criteria:
| ||
|
i.
|
Coarse fragment content less than 50% by volume.
| |
|
ii.
|
Permeability less than [20] 16.5 inches per hour and greater than [0.2] 0.6 inches per hour, or percolation rate slower than three minutes per
inch and faster than [60] 40 minutes per inch.
| |
|
7:9A-10.1(d) 4. iii. The bottom of the shallowest
soil profile pit [or boring] made within the area of the disposal
field.
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1(e) 1. The zone of disposal shall be
composed of native soil or rock material which has a permeability
more rapid than [0.2]0.6 inch per hour or a
percolation rate more rapid than [60] 40 minutes
per inch.
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1(e) 2. [When the permeability in the
zone of disposal has been determined, as prescribed in N.J.A.C. 7:9A-6,
to be two inches per hour or faster, the minimum required thickness
of the zone of disposal may be reduced to two feet. This determination
shall not be made using the percolation test or basin flooding test;] Reserved
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1 (e) 4. iii. The bottom of the shallowest
soil profile pit [or boring] made below the disposal field.
| ||
|
7:9A-10.1 (f) 4. When fill material is utilized
within the zone of treatment, the fill shall meet the following requirements:
| ||
|
I.
|
Coarse fragment content less than 15 percent
by volume or less than 25 percent by weight;
| |
|
II.
|
Textural analysis, based upon the
USDA system of classification, (composition by weight
of size fraction passing the 2 millimeter sieve): [from 85 to 95 percent
sand,] from 80 to 90 percent medium sand, or coarser, [from five to 15 percent silt plus clay,] from 10 to
20 percent fine sand, very fine sand, silt and clay, with a maximum
5 percent silt and clay, and a minimum two percent clay;
and
| |
|
III. Permeability from two to [16.5] 20 inches per hour; or percolation rate from [6] 3 to 30 minutes per inch.
| ||
|
IV.
|
Fill material used within the zone
of treatment shall be homogeneous in composition with respect to the
distribution of coarse fragments and soil separates.
| |
|
7:9A-10.1(f) 5. When fill material is placed
within the zone of disposal, the fill material shall meet the following
requirements:
| ||
|
I.
|
Textural analysis (composition, by weight, of
size fraction passing the two millimeter sieve): [85] 80 percent or more medium sand [;], or coarser; and
| |
|
II.
|
Permeability greater than two inches per hour;
or percolation rate faster than 30 minutes per inch.
| |
|
III.
|
Fill material used within the zone of disposal
shall be homogeneous in composition with respect to the distribution
of coarse fragments and soil separates.
| |
|
Table 10.2(b) Minimum Required Disposal
Trench Length Per Gallon of Daily Sewage Flow L/Q
(ft./gal. per day)
| |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
L/Q (ft/gal per day)
Trench Width (feet)
| |||||
|
Permeability
(inches per hour)
|
Percolation Rate
(minutes per inch)
|
1.5
|
2.0
|
2.5
|
3.0
|
|
6-20
|
3-15
|
0.65
|
0.54
|
0.46
|
0.40
|
|
2-6
|
16-30
|
0.83
|
0.69
|
0.59
|
0.52
|
|
0.6-2
|
31-[45] 40
|
1.03
|
0.85
|
0.73
|
0.64
|
|
0.2-0.6
|
[46-60] over 40
|
[1.18
|
0.98
|
0.84
|
0.74]
|
|
Not acceptable
| |||||
|
Table 10.2(c)
Minimum Required Disposal Field Bottom
Area Per Gallon of Daily Sewage Volume A/Q
(ft/gal per day)
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Permeability
(inches per hour)
|
Percolation Rate
(minutes per inch)
|
A/Q
(feet per gal per day)
|
|
6-20
|
3-15
|
1.61
|
|
2-6
|
16-30
|
2.08
|
|
0.6-2
|
31-[45] 40
|
2.56
|
|
0.2-0.6
|
[46-60] over 40
|
[2.94] Not acceptable
|
|
(1) Additional Requirements.
| |||||
|
a. Where garbage disposal units are installed
or proposed, the value obtained from this table shall be increased
by a factor of [25] 50 percent for use in disposal
field sizing.
| |||||
|
b. When the size ... of the test method.
| |||||
|
7:9A-10.3(e)Â Â Filter material shall
meet the following requirements:
| |||||
|
1. Filter material shall cover the distribution
lines and extend the full width of the trench or bed, shall extend
between [12 and 18] 18 and 20 inches deep beneath
the bottom of the distribution lines and shall extend at least two
inches above the top of the lines.
| |||||
|
7:9A-10.3(e)3. The filter material shall be
covered with drainage fabric, [untreated building paper] or a four
to eight inch thickness of salt-hay [or straw] as the laying of the
distribution lines progresses. When drainage fabric [or untreated
building paper] is used the following requirements shall be met:
| |||||
|
Subchapter 11. [Seepage Pits] Reserved
| |||||
|
7:9A-11.1Â Â [Site/soil requirements]
| |||||
|
(a)
|
[Seepage Pits...
| ||||
|
1.
| |||||
|
2.
| |||||
|
3.
|
...of the seasonally high water table]
| ||||
|
Reserved
| |||||
|
7:9A-11.2Â Â [Design Requirements] Reserved
| |||||
|
[(a)
|
[The percolating area...]
| ||||
|
[(b)]
| |||||
|
[(c)
|
...less than 110 square feet]
| ||||
|
[Average Percolation...         Minimum
Area...]
| |||||
|
[Over 40Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Not
Acceptable]Â Â
| |||||
|
Reserved
| |||||
|
7:9A-11.3Â Â [Construction Requirements] Reserved
| |||||
|
(a)
|
[Seepage pits...
| ||||
|
(b)
| |||||
|
(c)
| |||||
|
(d)
|
... access by children]
| ||||
|
Reserved
| |||||
|
7:9A-1 2.8Â Â Abandoned Systems
| |||||
|
The administrative authority shall
be notified at least 48 hours in advance of the filling of all systems
to be abandoned in this manner. The process may be witnessed at the
discretion of the administrative authority.
| |||||
[1]
Editor's Note: This section is a direct amendment
of the code and regulations set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:9A, Standards
For Individual Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems. Matter enclosed
in brackets [thus] is not enacted and is intended to be omitted in
the law. Matter underscored thus is new matter.
[2]
Editor's Note: See Minimum Required Separation
Distance table located at the end of this chapter.
