[1]
Editor's Note: These regulations provided an effective date
of 2-17-2016.
It is the purpose and intent of this article to assure that
parking and loading spaces are provided off the street in such number
and location and with suitable design and construction to accommodate
the motor vehicles of occupants, employees, customers, suppliers and
other persons normally visiting or servicing a use at any one time.
As used in this article, the following terms shall have the
meanings indicated:
The entire floor area of a structure including exterior walls
with the following deductions:
The GFA defined above with the following deductions:
A.
Permanently designed atriums, courtyards, accessways, common areas,
public lobbies and plazas.
A.
Off-street parking and loading spaces, required to be provided by
this article, shall be permanently maintained and made available for
occupancy in connection with and for the full duration of the use
of land, buildings and other structures for which such structures
are herein required.
B.
If any existing use of land, buildings or other structures, conforming to the requirements of this article, is changed to a use requiring additional off-street parking or loading spaces to comply with this article, the additional spaces shall be provided for the new use in accordance with the standards hereinafter specified unless a special permit for a temporary change of use exemption in accordance with § 383-175F is granted by the Commission.
C.
When the calculation of the number of required off-street parking
or loading spaces results in a requirement of a fractional space,
any fraction shall be interpreted as one whole space with a minimum
of one space for any use that requires the provision of parking or
loading spaces.
D.
Parking spaces shall be located on the same lot with the use they
are intended to serve except that:
(1)
The following uses may, with approval of the Commission, utilize
parking spaces on a lot that is in a commercial or industrial district
and not more than 500 feet distant as measured along the line of public
access:
(2)
Joint parking areas may be established by the owners of separate
lots in order to provide the total number of off-street parking spaces
required for the following uses provided that evidence as to the permanency
of jointly provided parking spaces shall be provided by the applicant:
(a)
Shopping centers, retail stores, and garden center.
(b)
Motor vehicle service stations and repair garages.
(c)
Funeral parlor.
(d)
Business and professional offices.
(e)
Financial institutions and similar institutions.
(f)
Medical and dental clinics.
(g)
Restaurants and other food or beverage service establishments.
(h)
Hotels and motels.
(i)
Funeral parlor.
(j)
Places of amusement.
(k)
Establishments for manufacture, processing, assembling of goods.
(l)
Warehouses, wholesale businesses, truck terminals.
E.
Where the parking standards provided in § 383-174 are based on legal occupancy, such legal occupancy shall be determined by the Fire Marshal.
F.
Whenever two or more classifications provided in § 383-174 shall apply to a use of land, buildings or other structures, the standard requiring the larger number of parking spaces shall apply, but where separate parts of a building or structure are used for purposes requiring a different number of parking spaces, the number of required spaces shall be determined by adding the number of spaces required for each part.
G.
All required parking spaces shall be available for use at all times.
No sales or servicing or dead storage of automobiles, trucks, or automotive
equipment shall be carried on in any parking or loading space.
[Amended 6-7-2022; 1-7-2022]
Unless otherwise authorized in accordance with § 383-175 or any other section of these regulations, the following number of parking spaces shall be provided:
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A.
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If Uses Not Listed Below
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1.
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Other uses not listed in this § 383-174
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Off-street parking spaces as approved by resolution of the Commission
as sufficient to preserve the purpose and intent of this article
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B.
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Residential-Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Structures containing one dwelling unit
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2.0 spaces
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2.
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Structures containing two dwelling units
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2.0 spaces per dwelling unit
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3.
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Structures containing three or more dwelling units (when not
part of a Planned Residential Development)
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1.5 spaces per dwelling unit
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4.
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Multiple dwelling units (in a Planned Residential Development)
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2.0 spaces per dwelling unit
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5.
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Rooms to rent in a dwelling unit
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1.0 space per two beds offered for rent
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C.
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Institutional-Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Churches and places of worship
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1.0 space for each four legal occupants
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2.
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Educational facilities including vocational, trade, business
schools, colleges and similar types of secondary or post-secondary
educational facilities
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1.0 space for each nonresident student plus 1.0 space per each
four resident students plus 1.0 space for each two employees
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3.
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Hospitals; and healthcare facilities with inpatient beds
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1.0 space for each three beds for patients and 1.0 space per
each 1.5 employees during the largest daily work shift period
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D.
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Public Assembly-Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Theaters, including movie theaters and assembly halls, or stadium
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1.0 space for each four legal occupants
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2.
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Places of amusement, including bowling alleys, recreational
facilities, arcades and similar
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1.0 space for each three legal occupants. The Commission may,
by special permit, allow a lesser number of parking spaces than required
above, if it finds that the applicant has demonstrated that the peak
demand for parking would not require this number of spaces, or that
adequate off-street parking exists elsewhere that can be utilized
by the visitors or patrons
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E.
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Retail/Service Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Shopping centers and retail stores up to and including 10,000
square feet of gross leasable area
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4.50 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area
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2.
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Shopping centers and retail stores of 10,001 to 25,000 square
feet of gross leasable area
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4.00 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area but
not less than 45 spaces
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3.
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Shopping centers and retail stores of 25,001 square feet or
more of gross leasable area
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3.75 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area but
not less than 100 spaces
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4.
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Garden center: stand-alone, with a permanent roof, or when comprising
20% or more of the ground floor area of the retail establishment it
is attached to and part of
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4.00 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area.
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5.
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Garden center: without a permanent roof and when comprising
less than 20% of the ground floor area of the retail establishment
it is attached to and part of
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No additional spaces required
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6.
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Motor vehicle service stations and repair garages
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4.0 spaces for each service bay
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7.
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Funeral parlor
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1.0 space for each three legal occupants
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8.
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Electric vehicle showroom
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2.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of showroom, plus 4 spaces
for each service bay
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9.
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Community travel center
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4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet for retail area, plus 8 spaces
per 1,000 square feet of restaurant area
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10.
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Self-storage facility
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1.0 spaces per 10,000 square feet of gross floor area and 1.0
loading space for each 100,000 square feet or portion thereof
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F.
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Office-Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Business and professional offices
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4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
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2.
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Financial institutions and similar institutions
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4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
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3.
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Medical and dental clinics
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5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
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G.
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Hospitality-Type Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Restaurants and other food or beverage service establishments
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10 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
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2.
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Hotels and motels
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1.0 space for each sleeping room plus 1.0 space per employee
on the largest shift plus any spaces as required for restaurant and/or
banquet or conference facilities
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H.
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Industrial Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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1.
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Establishments for the manufacture, processing or assembling
of goods
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2.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
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2.
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Warehouses, wholesale businesses, truck terminals
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4.0 spaces per each 1,000 square feet of office space plus 3.0
spaces per loading bay
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I.
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Other Uses
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Minimum Parking Requirement
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2.
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Day-care facilities
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1.0 space per employee plus 1.0 space per eight licensed client
capacity
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The Commission may authorize a reduction in the number of parking
spaces as follows:
A.
Permanent parking exemption. The Commission, after due notice and public hearings as required for adoption or amendment of these regulations, may delineate areas which shall be exempt from the required provisions of off-street parking spaces under § 383-174. Such delineation shall be shown on the Zoning Map and be made only after the Commission determines that the Town of Orange, or a combination of the Town and property owners, will provide sufficient and permanent off-street parking spaces to carry out the purpose and intent of this article.
B.
Permanent parking reduction for one property. The Commission may,
by special permit, reduce the cumulative number of required parking
spaces for one property provided the Commission finds one or more
of the following based on information provided by the applicant:
(1)
Peak parking demands among uses occur at different hours of
the day and this offset results in a lower net peak parking demand;
(2)
Synergistic relationships among uses allow patrons to park once
while accessing multiple locations or allow for multiple purpose trips
to occur within the development(s); or
(3)
The uses are likely to generate transit, bicycle or pedestrian
trips and accommodations have been made to support these alternative
forms of transportation.
C.
Permanent parking reduction for multiple properties. The Commission
may, by special permit, reduce the cumulative number of required parking
spaces for two or more properties provided that a functional and interconnected
parking arrangement is provided within and between the properties,
that an agreement for joint access and parking, in perpetuity, acceptable
to the Commission is filed on the land records, and further provided
the Commission finds one or more of the following based on information
provided by the applicant:
(1)
Peak parking demands among uses occur at different hours of
the day and this offset results in a lower net peak parking demand;
(2)
Synergistic relationships among uses allow patrons to park once
while accessing multiple locations or allow for multiple purpose trips
to occur within the development(s); or
(3)
The uses are likely to generate transit, bicycle or pedestrian
trips and accommodations have been made to support these alternative
forms of transportation.
D.
Permanent mixed-use development reduction. In a development with
mixed-use buildings designed and built in a walkable and pedestrian
friendly configuration, the Commission may consider the following
shared parking factors in reviewing a special permit application requesting
a reduction of the number of parking spaces (the shared parking factor
is applied to the sum of the individual parking requirements):
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Shared Parking Factor
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Residential
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Lodging
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Office
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Retail
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Residential
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100%
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—
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—
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—
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Lodging
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90%
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100%
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—
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—
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Office
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70%
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60%
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100%
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—
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Retail
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80%
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75%
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80%
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100%
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E.
Permanent compact space parking reduction. In parking lots in excess
of 50 spaces in the OP, BOP, LI-1, LI-2, or LI-4-Zone, the Commission
may, by special permit, allow the installation of compact spaces,
not to exceed 10% of the total number of spaces installed, at eight
feet by 16 feet. These spaces shall be clearly designated as compact
car parking. This reduction may only be considered for single-tenant
buildings where there is reasonable assurance of private control of
these areas.
F.
Temporary change of use exemption. In the event that no new buildings
or structures are being established and the land area, structures
or permitted uses are simply being changed from one permitted use
to another permitted use allowed under these regulations, no additional
parking spaces shall be required, provided that:
G.
Temporary parking installation reduction. The Commission may, by
special permit, waive the immediate installation of up to 25% of the
required parking spaces where sufficient evidence has been presented,
in the judgment of the Commission, to show that the reduced parking
facilities will adequately serve the proposed use. The special permit
shall be applicable only to the particular use or occupancy of land,
buildings, or other structures specified in the application, and such
special permit and certificate of zoning compliance issued for the
use shall become null and void in the event that such use or occupancy
is changed to another use or occupancy. Before approval of a waiver
by the Commission, the applicant shall show upon the site development
plan the complete layout for the full parking requirements and the
design of the complete stormwater management system designed to handle
the deferred parking pavement. The owner shall file the plan approved
by the Commission in the Office of the Town Clerk, stipulating that:
(1)
The complete stormwater management system shall be installed
at the time of initial development; and
(2)
The owner, or the successor and assigns of the owner, will install
as many of the waived parking spaces as the Commission deems necessary
within six months of the Commission's request, when, in the opinion
of the Commission, such installation is needed.
A.
Each building having a ground floor area in excess of 5,000 square
feet shall have one off-street loading space for each 40,000 square
feet of gross floor area, or fraction thereof, excluding basements,
and located on the same lot with the building.
B.
The Commission may, by special permit, authorize the installation
of fewer off-street loading spaces if the Commission determines that:
All off-street parking and loading spaces hereafter established,
whether required to be provided by this article or not, shall conform
to the design and construction standards specified in this section
as well as to any standards and conditions for approval of a site
plan or special use under these regulations.
A.
Configuration of nonhandicapped parking spaces. Parking stalls and
driveways shall be of appropriate shape, vertical clearance, access
and slope to accommodate one automobile and shall conform to the following
standards except that a parking space located in or on a building
or structure may be eight feet wide:
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Parking Area Dimensions
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A.
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Parking angle
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0°
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30°
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45°
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60°
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90°
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B.
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Curb length (feet)
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22
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16 feet 6 inches
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12 feet 9 inches
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10 feet 5 inches
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9
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C.
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Stall depth (feet)
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8
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18 feet
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19 feet
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19 feet
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18
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D.
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Driveway width
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One-way (feet)
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12
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13 feet
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15 feet
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18 feet
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20
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Two-way (feet)
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20
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20 feet
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20 feet
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22 feet
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24
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E.
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Parking space width (feet)
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8
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9 feet
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9 feet
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9 feet
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9
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F.
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Parking space length (feet)
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22
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18 feet
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18 feet
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18 feet
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18
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B.
Configuration of handicapped parking spaces. Parking shall be provided
for the physically handicapped in accordance with the Basic Building
Code of the State of Connecticut, as may be amended from time to time.
C.
Configuration of loading space. Each loading space shall have a shape,
vertical clearance, access and slope to accommodate the type of trucks
regularly serving the premises but each loading space shall be at
least 12.0 feet in width, 30 feet in length and have a 14 feet vertical
clearance to accommodate a truck. No off-street loading space shall
be located in the area required for building setback from a street
line or residence district boundary line.
D.
Access to spaces.
(1)
Entrances and exits from parking areas and loading spaces into
streets shall be located and arranged in such a manner as to minimize
hazards to pedestrian and vehicular travel in the street.
(2)
Each parking space shall be provided with adequate area for
aisles and access lanes, so that an automobile, having an overall
length of 18 feet, can approach the space and execute any necessary
backing and turning movements without need to use any part of the
right-of-way of a street and can exit onto the street in a frontward
direction; the requirement for frontward exit shall not apply to parking
spaces provided in connection with a dwelling containing one or two
dwelling units, or rooms to rent in a dwelling unit, when the exit
from such spaces is onto a street that is not a state highway.
(3)
No loading space, including any truck loading bay, ramp or dock,
shall be arranged in a manner that trucks must back within any part
of the right-of-way of a street in order to use such space.
E.
Improvements.
(1)
All parking and loading spaces shall be suitably improved, graded,
stabilized and maintained so as to cause no nuisance or danger from
dust or from stormwater flow onto any street.
(2)
In other than residence districts, all off-street parking and
loading spaces shall be paved with an all-weather surface, shall be
suitably marked to conform to required minimum dimensions and shall
be maintained in such a manner that, in the opinion of the Commission,
allows convenient occupancy for the duration of the use for which
the spaces are required.
(3)
Marking between the sides of adjacent parking spaces shall be
by printed double lines unless the Commission approves an alternate
marking method, taking into account the size and layout of the parking
area.
(4)
Any parking or loading spaces, and any aisles and access lanes in connection therewith, located within 10 feet of any street or property line, other than a property line authorized by grant of a special use under §§ 383-21A, 383-23G and 383-24A and Article XIV, shall be separated from such street or property line by a concrete curb, a fence or a wall or by an embankment not less than 24 inches in height, and shall be provided with the curb, fence, wall or embankment in such a manner that vehicles will not overhang the street or property line.
In addition to the landscaping provisions of Article XIII of these regulations, any parking area for 30 or more vehicles shall be landscaped with the following items per every 10 vehicles accommodated by the parking area unless modified by the Commission by special permit:
A.
One landscape island at least nine feet wide by 18 feet in length
(incorporating low-impact development approaches to stormwater runoff
is strongly encouraged within such islands);
B.
One deciduous tree planted and maintained at 3.0 to 3.5 inches in
caliper; and
C.
Low plantings (including shrubs) which will not obstruct sight lines
(incorporating low-impact development approaches to stormwater runoff
is strongly encouraged with such planting).
B.
Where the Commission determines it necessary in order to protect
public safety and/or to promote orderly development, the Commission
may require that the applicant make provisions to:
C.
The applicant shall consult with the Orange Traffic Authority and
District 3 of the Connecticut Department of Transportation for any
application or activity which involves a cut or modification in the
curb line of a State Route.
