A.
For the following uses of buildings hereinafter erected
or increased from the size existing at the time of the adoption of
this chapter, off-street parking facilities which are outside the
public right-of-way shall be required as provided herein.
B.
Parking standards. Off-street parking facilities shall
be provided for uses in zones, must not be more than 300 feet in distance
from an entrance to said uses, shall accommodate normal parking requirements
and shall meet the standards listed below.
C.
Parking facilities in Central Business Zone; benefit
assessment charge and annual maintenance fee. As to all construction
or uses, including residential uses, commenced in the Central Business
Zone after the effective date of this section, to the extent that
the Planning Director determines that the size, configuration or other
physical characteristic of the site of the planned use makes it impossible
for the user to meet the standards in this section, thereby creating
a hardship, the Planning Director may, in the Planning Director's
discretion, upon application from the user, allow a reduction in the
number of spaces; provided, however, that the user shall pay the City
a one-time benefit assessment charge and an annual maintenance fee
for each space the user is not able to provide under the standards
in this section as provided in the General Fee Ordinance.[1]
[Amended 2-27-1995 by Ord. No. 594; 4-14-1997 by Ord. No. 617; 9-24-2001 by Ord. No. 672; 7-12-2004 by Ord. No. 718; 1-28-2008 by Ord. No. 774; 11-24-2008 by Ord. No.
792]
|
Type of Use
|
Parking Standards
(number of spaces)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Residential
| ||
|
Single-family detached and semidetached
|
2 per dwelling unit, minimum of 9 x 18 feet
in size per space
| |
|
Single-family attached
|
3 per dwelling unit, minimum of 9 x 18 feet
in size per space
| |
|
Multiple-family units
|
1 per efficiency unit; 1 1/2 per 1-bedroom unit;
2 for 2- or more-than-2-bedroom units
| |
|
Multiple-family housing for older persons
|
1 1/2 per dwelling unit up to 2 bedrooms, 2
per dwelling unit with more than 2 bedrooms
| |
|
Nonresidential
| ||
|
Airparks, airports and fields requirements.
Land uses incidental to air flights are subject to other parking standards
contained in this chapter.
|
Subject to state and federal site
| |
|
Animal hospitals, veterinary clinics and kennels
|
1 per employee, plus 1 per business vehicle,
plus 1 for each 300 square feet of floor space used for hospital,
clinic, office, storage or other purposes
| |
|
Automobile service stations
|
2 per bay and 1 per employee shift
| |
|
Barbershops and beauty shops
|
1 per employee, plus 2 per each chair
| |
|
Bowling centers
|
4 per lane and 1 per employee
| |
|
Commercial establishments devoted to retail
sales, trade, merchandising or similar uses not otherwise specified
herein
|
1 for each 250 square feet of floor area used
for retail sales, trade or merchandising, and 1 for each 300 square
feet of floor space used for office, storage or other purposes
| |
|
Convents and monasteries
|
1 for each 250 square feet of floor space, plus
1 per institutional vehicle
| |
|
Country clubs, private clubs, social clubs and
fraternal organizations
|
1 per 4 persons of estimated facility capacity,
plus 1 per employee and 1 per facility vehicle and piece of mobile
equipment
| |
|
Fire stations, rescue stations and ambulance
services
|
1 per 1 1/2 employees on a major shift, plus
1 per facility vehicle, plus 1 per piece of mobile equipment, plus
1 for visitor's use per 5 employees on the maximum shift
| |
|
Food stores, supermarkets and roadside stands
|
1 per 200 square feet of floor area devoted
to customer service
| |
|
Funeral homes and mortuaries
|
1 for each 100 square feet of floor area devoted
to assembly room purposes, plus 1 per 2 employees, plus 1 for each
vehicle used in connection with the business
| |
|
Furniture and appliance stores and repair shops
|
1 per 500 square feet of floor area, plus 1
for each employee
| |
|
Government buildings and public buildings
|
1 for each 250 square feet of floor area or
2 per office, whichever is greater
| |
|
Home occupations
|
1 in addition to spaces devoted to use by the
residents
| |
|
Hospitals, nursing, care or retirement homes
|
1 for every 4 beds or 1 per 600 square feet
of floor area, exclusive of basement area not devoted to patients,
whichever is greater
| |
|
Hotels, motels, lodging houses and boarding-
(lodging) or rooming houses
|
1 for each rental room or suite. In addition,
if a restaurant in connection with such use is open to the public,
the off-street parking facilities for such restaurant shall be those
required for a restaurant use.
| |
|
Indoor shooting ranges
|
1 per employee and 2 per each shooting and 1
for each 250 square feet of floor area used for accessory retail sales
| |
|
Manufacturing establishments not otherwise specified
herein
|
1 per 1 1/2 employees on a major shift, plus
1 per company vehicle and piece of mobile equipment
| |
|
Medical and dental offices and clinics
|
4 per doctor, plus 1 per employee or 1 for each
200 square feet of office space, whichever is greater
| |
|
Nightclubs and taverns
|
1 per 4 seats or 1 per 75 square feet of floor
area devoted to customer service, plus 1 per employee, whichever is
greater
| |
|
Offices: business, professional or financial
|
1 for each 250 square feet of floor area or
2 per office, whichever is greater
| |
|
Places of worship
|
1 for each 3 fixed seats, provided that the
number of spaces required may be reduced by up to 50% if the place
of worship is within 500 feet of any public parking lot or commercial
parking lot where sufficient spaces are available, by permission of
the owner(s) without charge, during the time of services to make up
the additional spaces required
| |
|
Radio and television studios
|
1 for each 250 square feet of floor area or
2 per office, whichever is greater
| |
|
Recreation facilities and centers
|
1 per 4 persons of estimated facility capacity,
plus 1 per employee and 1 per facility vehicle and piece of mobile
equipment
| |
|
Research and development establishments, including
laboratories
|
1 per 1 1/2 employees based on the occupancy
load, plus 1 per company vehicle
| |
|
Restaurants and lunchrooms
|
1 per 4 seats, plus 1 per 2 employees
| |
|
Schools
|
Subject to State Board of Education site requirements
| |
|
Sport centers or arenas, auditoriums not associated
with schools, theaters, private assembly halls and community meeting
halls
|
1 per 3 seats or similar accommodations provided,
plus 1 per 2 employees
| |
|
Swimming pools, commercial
|
1 per 4 persons of estimated pool maximum capacity,
plus 1 per employee
| |
|
Swimming pools, community
|
1 per 7 persons of estimated pool maximum capacity,
plus 1 per employee
| |
|
Taxi stations
|
1 for every 3 taxis using the station
| |
|
Truck and motor freight terminals
|
1 per motor vehicle to be serviced by the facility,
plus 1 per employee. With the exception of parking spaces for employees,
all motor vehicle spaces shall be of a size adequate for the type
of vehicle serviced by the terminal.
| |
|
Utility facilities, including telephone offices
and service centers
|
1 per 1 1/2 employees on a major shift, plus
1 per company vehicle and piece of mobile equipment, plus 1 for visitors
use per 25 employees on the maximum shift, or 1 per 1,000 square feet
of gross floor area
| |
|
Warehouses, heavy equipment storage yards, lumber-
and building materials yards and all other industrial uses
|
1 per 1 1/2 employees on a major shift, plus
1 per company vehicle and piece of mobile equipment, plus 1 for visitor's
use per 25 employees on the maximum shift,or 1 per 1,000 square feet
of gross floor area
| |
|
Wholesale establishments
|
1 per 2 employees
|
D.
[2]Parking facilities in Downtown Parking Area; benefit assessment
charge and annual maintenance fee. As to all construction or uses,
including residential uses, commenced in the Downtown Parking Area
after the effective date of this section, to the extent that the Planning
Director determines that the size, configuration or other physical
characteristic of the site of the planned use makes it impossible
for the user to meet the standards in this section, thereby creating
a hardship, the Director may, in the Director's discretion, upon application
from the user, allow a reduction in the number of spaces; provided,
however, that the user shall pay the City a one-time benefit assessment
charge of and an annual maintenance fee for each space the user is
not able to provide under the standards in this section as provided
in the General Fee Ordinance.[3] Additionally, there is hereby granted a reduction in the
number of required parking spaces of 25% for all construction or uses,
commenced in the Downtown Parking Area after July 1, 2004. The Downtown
Parking Area shall be designated on a map adopted by resolution of
the Mayor and Common Council.
[Added 7-12-2004 by Ord. No. 718; amended 1-28-2008 by Ord. No.
774; 11-24-2008 by Ord. No. 792]
E.
All off-street parking and loading facilities required
by this article for any use shall be located on and entirely within
the same record lot with that use, unless otherwise provided for in
this article.
F.
Requirements for the provision of parking facilities
with respect to two or more property uses of the same or different
types may be satisfied by the permanent allocation of the requisite
number of spaces for each use in a common parking facility, cooperatively
established and operated. The number of spaces so designated may not
be less than the sum of the individual requirements for each use,
except as hereinafter provided, and all design requirements contained
in this article must be met. A common parking facility so established
must be located so that a major point of pedestrian access to such
common facility is within a five-hundred-foot walking distance of
the entrance to each use served thereby.
G.
Required off-street parking spaces may be reduced
in area by providing designated parking spaces for bicycles, motorbikes
or motorcycles, but in no event shall such a reduction in area be
permitted on more than 5% of the total number of required spaces.
A.
No land shall be used or occupied, no structure shall
be designed, erected, attached, used or occupied and no use shall
be operated unless the parking and loading facilities herein required
are provided in at least the amounts and in accordance with the design
standards set forth in this article.
B.
No automobile off-street parking area shall be reduced
in area or encroached upon by buildings, vehicle storage, loading
or unloading or any other use where such reduction or encroachment
will reduce the area below that required by this article.
C.
Parking facilities for one use shall not be considered
as providing the required parking facilities for any other use, except
as provided in this article.
D.
No parking area or loading space shall be used for
the storage, sale, repair, dismantling or servicing of any vehicles,
equipment, materials or supplies.
E.
For the purpose of this article, the number of employees
for a use shall be computed on the basis of the maximum number of
persons to be employed at any one time, other than at changes of shifts.
F.
All garage or other space allocated for parking of
vehicles within buildings or in basements or open spaces on the roofs
of buildings shall be considered part of the required off-street parking
facilities and may be included as such in computing the area requirements
outlined in this article.
G.
Off-street parking and loading facilities for commercial
or industrial uses that make it necessary for vehicles to back out
directly into a public road are prohibited.
H.
All off-street parking and loading facilities required
by this article for any use shall be established in accordance with
all design standards and maintained throughout the operation of that
use; any additional off-street parking and loading facilities required
as a result of an expansion of or a change in any use shall be likewise
established and maintained.
I.
In all residential zones, off-street parking of motor
vehicles shall be limited to passenger cars, recreational vehicles
and trucks not exceeding a maximum gross weight of 18,000 pounds,
which are not truck tractors, trailers or truck-trailer combinations,
as defined in the Transportation Article of the Annotated Code of
Maryland.
J.
Parking facilities shall be provided for the physically
handicapped and aged as specified in Article 41, § 257JK
of the Annotated Code of Maryland, entitled "Building code making
buildings usable by handicapped persons," or as that section may be
hereinafter amended.[1] Such parking facilities may be counted in computing the
number of spaces required under this article.
[1]
Editor's Note: See now § 6-102 of
Art. 83B of the Annotated Code of Maryland.
Every off-street parking area, except where
the public street is the approved drive aisle, for more than five
vehicles shall be located at least five feet from any public walkway,
10 feet from any street or curb and five feet from every residential
lot line. The edges of the parking area shall be curbed or buffered,
and the space between the parking area and street or lot line shall
be landscaped and maintained in a sightly condition. Where adjoining
a street, such landscaping shall consist of grass and low shrubs or
ornamental trees. Where adjoining a residential lot, it shall include
a hedge of sufficient type and height, not less than 30 inches, to
protect and screen the adjoining property. If an ornamental wall or
fence is installed in lieu of such hedge and accomplishes the same
purpose, then the five-foot strip may be reduced to three feet. In
parking areas containing 12 or more parking spaces, the total area
of said parking area shall be a minimum of 10% of landscaped islands.
Said landscaped islands shall be planted with a minimum of one two-and-one-half-inch-caliper
shade tree for each 350 square feet of such island.
A.
Any off-street parking area, including any commercial
parking lot, for more than five vehicles shall be surfaced or kept
treated in such a manner as may be necessary to prevent any dust or
nuisance to the neighboring property or the general public and shall
be so arranged and marked as to provide for orderly and safe loading
or unloading and parking and storage of self-propelled vehicles.
B.
Adequate lighting shall be provided for all parking
facilities used at night. Lighting of off-street parking facilities
shall be installed and maintained in a manner not to reflect or cause
glare into abutting or facing residential premises nor to cause reflection
or glare which adversely affects safe vision of operators of vehicles
moving on roads and highways.
A.
Approval. Designs and plans for areas to be used for automobile off-street parking, including but not limited to the design of aisle widths, stall lengths and widths, turning radii, flow patterns and paving, shall be subject to approval by the Planning Director in accordance with the purposes and requirements set forth in this section and Article XXV of this chapter.
B.
Objectives of designs and plans. Said designs and
plans shall accomplish the following objectives:
(1)
The protection of the health, safety and welfare
of those who use any adjoining land or public road that abuts a parking
facility. Such protection shall include but shall not be limited to
the reasonable control of noise, glare or reflection from automobiles,
automobile perimeter, landscaping, plantings, walls, fences or other
natural features or improvements.
(2)
The safety of pedestrians and motorists within
a parking facility.
(3)
The optimum safe circulation of traffic within
the parking facility and the proper location of entrances and exits
to public roads so as to reduce or prevent traffic congestion.
(4)
The provision of appropriate lighting, if the
parking is to be used after dark.
C.
Arrangement and marking. All off-street parking areas
shall be arranged and marked so as to provide for orderly and safe
loading, unloading, parking and storage of vehicles. All nonparallel
parking spaces shall be striped to indicate parking areas. Standard
parking spaces less than 10 feet in width shall be double-striped
between each space to indicate the car width. Compact parking spaces
shall be striped around their entire perimeter. Individual parking
spaces shall be clearly defined, and directional arrows and traffic
signs shall be provided as necessary for traffic control.
D.
Size of spaces.
(1)
Each standard-size parallel parking space shall
have minimum dimensions of seven feet by 21 feet. A "parallel parking
space" is defined as one in which the long side of the space parallels
the travel lane.
(2)
Each standard-size perpendicular or angled parking
space shall be a rectangle having minimum dimensions of nine feet
by 18 feet.
(3)
The size, clearance, area and other dimensional
requirements of off-street parking areas and parking places shall
be determined by the type of parking arrangement in accordance with
the parking chart and table stated below:
E.
Additionally, all off-street parking and loading areas
shall be so graded, drained and paved or surfaced as to prevent damage
to abutting properties or public streets and shall be approved by
the Planning Department.
[Amended 1-28-2008 by Ord. No. 774]
F.
Modification by Planning Director. The Planning Director
may approve the use of compact parking spaces with minimum dimensions
of eight feet by 16 feet due to extraordinary situations or conditions
peculiar to a specific parcel of property. Any such compact parking
spaces shall not exceed 30% of the total number of spaces. The Director
may also approve changes in the dimensions of parking spaces in parking
garages consistent with nationally recognized design standards for
parking garages. No space in a parking garage shall have less than
the minimum dimensions of eight feet by 16 feet.
[Amended 8-10-1998 by Ord. No. 629; 1-28-2008 by Ord. No. 774]
A.
Off-street loading and unloading spaces with appropriate
and safe access from a street or alley shall be provided on each lot
where it is deemed necessary by the Zoning Administrator to adequately
serve the uses within the proposed structure.
B.
Where off-street loading spaces are provided cooperatively
for two or more uses, all required off-street loading spaces shall
be located on the same lot as the use served.
C.
No loading space or berth shall be located within
40 feet of the nearest point of intersection of the rights-of-way
of two streets or roads.
D.
No loading space or berth shall be located in a required
front yard.
E.
No loading area shall be located so as to interfere
with the circulation of vehicles in any off-street parking area.
