A.
Street classifications.
(2)
The functional classification of streets is as specified
in the Township Comprehensive Plan.
(3)
The functional classification of any street which
is not specified in the Township Comprehensive Plan shall be determined
by the Township Engineer consistent with the definitions for the street
classification system.
B.
Street grading and paving standards
(2)
Collector streets. Typical section of paving, underdrains and berm grading for collector roads shall be in accordance with the construction standards in Figure 401.2.2. Geometric design shall be in accordance with the appropriate design speed as determined by the Township upon recommendation by the Township Engineer, the design standards in Chapter 150, Subdivision and Land Development, and this chapter.
(a)
Collector streets. Inlet installation shall
be in accordance with plan view layout and construction standards
in Figure 401.2.2.1.
(4)
Materials. The base course and wearing surface of
all streets shall be constructed in accordance with the standards
of this chapter, and all materials used shall meet the latest Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation specifications. Subbase material containing
slag will not be accepted. Additional base course depths may be required
as the Township Engineer may determine to be necessary for the type
of street that has been proposed.
(5)
Subsurface drains. Permanent underdrains of a size
and slope to be determined by the engineer shall be installed on the
upper or higher side of all streets and in cut areas where they are
necessary to prevent the infiltration of water under the paved roadway.
All underdrains shall parallel the roadway as nearly as possible and
shall be in accordance with the construction standards in Figure 401.2.6.[3]
[3]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
(6)
Shoulders. Street shoulders shall be graded for the
full width of the right-of-way in accordance with this chapter and
thoroughly compacted by rolling all shoulders. Slopes shall be seeded
to prevent erosion.
(7)
Utilities in streets. All utilities crossing streets
shall be installed in trenches backfilled and compacted with aggregate
meeting Pennsylvania Department of Transportation specifications and
approved by the Township Engineer, and all other utilities within
the right-of-way of streets shall be installed before paving is completed.
(9)
Paving notch detail. New asphalt pavement shall meet
existing asphalt pavement in accordance with the construction standards
in Figure 401.2.10.
(10)
Two-phase paving. When the bituminous paving
is in a subdivision or other land development being developed at that
time and it is anticipated that construction activity and heavy material
hauling will be taking place for an extended period of time. A skim
coat of either FB material or ID-2 wearing course the final wearing
course shall be applied at a time determined by the Township Engineer
in conjunction with the Township Manager.
(11)
Curb ramps. The location and design of all curb
ramps for access by physically challenged persons shall be approved
by the Township Engineer. Such approval does not represent compliance
with the Accessibility Guidelines of the Americans with Disabilities
Act. Curb cuts in straight curbs shall be in accordance with the construction
standards in Figure 401.2.12.[5]
[5]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
C.
Street design criteria.
(1)
All street classifications. Geometric design shall
be in accordance with AASHTO Standards and Table 1.
Table 1
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Street Geometric Design, Clear Sight Triangles,
Minimum Sight Distance
| ||||
Type
|
Arterial
Streets
|
Collector
Streets
|
Local
Streets
| |
Clear sight triangle
|
500/30
|
400/30
|
250/25
| |
Horizontal alignment (minimum radii of center
line)
|
600
|
400
|
125
| |
Reverse curves (minimum transient)
|
300
|
150
|
75
| |
Vertical curves (minimum sight distance)
|
Per American Association of State Highway Transportation
Officials (AASHTO) publication A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways
and Streets, most recent publication. Use of "lower range" tables
is acceptable.
|
(a)
Clear sight triangle. No obstructions shall
be located within the right-of-way or lot which obscure visibility
at the intersection of two streets or of a street and a residential
driveway. A clear sight triangle shall be maintained free of any obstructions.
The sides of the clear sight triangle shall be measured along the
center line of the intersecting streets and shall meet the minimum
standards shown in Table 1. The clear sight triangle shall be shown
on the final plat for recording if it is beyond the boundary of the
right-of-way.
(b)
Minimum sight distance. When a new street intersects
an existing street, the minimum sight distance at the intersection
shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Table 1.
(c)
Roadway design specifications. The minimum allowable
street grade shall be 1%. The maximum allowable street grade shall
be 10%. The minimum allowable length of vertical curve shall be determined
by the guidelines set forth in the American Association of State Highway
and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) publication A Policy on Geometric
Design of Highways and Streets (Green Book), most recent publication.
Use of the "lower range" tables is acceptable for calculating vertical
curve lengths.
(3)
Pedestrian connections. When required by Chapter 150, Subdivision and Land Development, to facilitate pedestrian and bicycle travel, pedestrian connections shall provide a clear-sight triangle at all ends as required by the Township Engineer.
(5)
Pavement markings. All stop bars, transverse markings
and crosswalks shall be cold plastic. All longitude lines shall be
Traffic Zone Paint, Type II Waterborne.
A.
Storm sewer pipe. A minimum fifteen-inch-diameter
pipe shall be installed for all Township and private storm sewers.
The following is a list of acceptable pipes for use in the Township:
(1)
Reinforced concrete pipe (RCP), ASTM C76 Class III
and Class IV.
(2)
Corrugated polyethylene (PE) culvert pipe. AASHTO-M294
and Type S.
(3)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. AASHTO-M304.
(4)
Corrugated galvanized steel pipe AASHTO-M245 Type
I, AASHTO-M246 and AASHTO-M218, Type C-10 mil coating on both surfaces.
(5)
Corrugated aluminum alloy pipe AASHTO-N196, Type I.
(6)
Corrugated aluminum alloy pipe-arch AASHTO-M196, Type
I.
B.
Storm inlets. Storm inlets in street paving shall
conform to the construction standards in Figure 402.2a,[1] Type "M" Inlet Detail, when used with asphalt wedge curbs.
Storm inlets in street paving shall conform to the construction standards
in Figure 402.2b, Type "C" Inlet Detail, when used with concrete curbs.
Inlets shall be placed at all low points, at street intersections
and at points along both sides of the street to ensure adequate drainage,
but in no case shall the distance between inlets along the street
exceed 300 feet unless approved by the Township Engineer. Inlets at
street intersections shall be placed on the tangent and not on the
curved portion. Additional inlets shall be constructed in areas as
may be directed by the Township Engineer during construction to provide
for proper control of surface water.
(2)
Top units. All tops shall be steel Type "M," unless
otherwise approved by the Township Engineer. Units shall be constructed
and conform to the construction standards in Figure 402.2.2.
(3)
Ladder bars shall be installed in all inlets exceeding
a depth of five feet, and shall be in accordance with Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation Publication No. 72, Drawing RC-34. A
poured concrete invert shall be formed in the base of all inlets to
provide full drainage of the structure.
[1]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
C.
Storm manholes. All manholes, manhole frames and covers
shall be precast concrete constructed in accordance with the construction
standards in Figure 402.3a, Figure 402.3b, Figure 402.3c and Figure
402.3d.[3] Manholes shall be installed at all changes in alignment
and grades of alignment and grades of storm sewers as may be directed
by the Township Engineer to provide for proper maintenance. If maintenance
is not a problem, pipe may be installed on a curve provided the deflection
angle of the pipe joint does not exceed the manufacturers specifications.
See Figure 402.3c for pipes under 48 inches in diameter and Figure
402.3d for pipes over 48 inches in diameter. Inlets may be substituted
for manholes where practical.
[3]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
D.
Maximum distance between structures. The maximum distance
between structures (inlets or manholes) shall be 300 feet unless otherwise
approved by the Township Engineer.
(1)
Yard drains. Yard drains shall be precast concrete
constructed in accordance with the construction standards in Figure
402.4.1.[4] The top unit may be substituted with Type "M" tops, if
approved by the Township Engineer.
[4]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
(2)
Special underdrains. Underdrains shall be installed
in accordance with the construction standards in Figure 402.4.2. The
underdrain type shall be directed by the Township Engineer.
E.
Inlet connections. All connections to inlets shall
be in accordance with the construction standards in Figure 402.5.
F.
Storm sewer lateral connection. All sewer lateral
connections shall be in accordance with applicable law. All sewer
lateral connections shall be located at manholes, catch basins, or
at locations approved by the Township Engineer. All storm sewer laterals
or runs designed to collect and/or connect to individual residential
lot roof drains shall be smooth-lined HDPE (High Density Polyethylene)
pipe.
G.
Standard design criteria.
(1)
Storm sewer trench. All storm sewer pipe within a
right-of-way shall be installed in accordance with the construction
standards in Figure 402.7.1a, Typical Storm Trench Detail,[5] where located under all proposed pavements. Impervious
area shall be installed in accordance with the standard in Figure
402.7.1b.
[5]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
(2)
Cradles and reinforcements for sewers. All cradles
and reinforcements for sewers shall be approved by the Township Engineer.
(3)
Headwall/endwall. Concrete headwalls and splash aprons
shall be constructed in accordance with the construction standards
in Figure 402.7.3a, Standard Type D-W Endwall Detail, at the outfall
of all storm sewers. Where watercourses are piped and filled, concrete
headwall and splash aprons shall be constructed at both ends of the
pipe. Rip-rap shall be placed at end walls in accordance with Figure
402.7.3b. Preformed end-sections are an acceptable alternative with
Township approval.
(4)
Concrete encasement and anchors for sewers. All concrete
encasement and anchors for sewers shall be approved by the Township
Engineer. All storm sewers laid at slopes of 20% or greater shall
have concrete anchors installed in accordance with the construction
standards in Figure 402.7.4.[6]
[6]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
(5)
Connection for drop manholes. All connections for
drop manholes shall be approved by the Township Engineer.
(6)
Storm sewer outfall channels and drainage swales.
Permissible velocities of various channel linings (vegetation, rock
lined, rip-rap, gabions) shall be in accordance with the most recent
version of the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual
published by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.
Storm sewer outfall channels shall be trapezoidal or triangular shape
with side slopes not to exceed two horizontal: one vertical (ratio).
Storm sewer outfall channels shall be designed in accordance with
Chapter 13 of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Design
Manual Part 2 - Publication 13, Section 13.3, titled Watercourse Erosion
Protection. Where drainage swales or open channels are used, they
shall be suitably designed for ease of maintenance.
(7)
Springs. Any springs encountered during construction
shall be piped and connected to the storm sewer system or extended
to a natural watercourse as may be approved by the Township Engineer.
(8)
Riprap. All riprap used for outlet protection, bank
stabilization or other means of protection shall be designed and installed
in accordance with specifications outlined in Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation Publications 408 and 72.
(9)
Erosion and sedimentation control. Erosion and sedimentation
control measures shall be designed and used during construction as
per the approved plan from the Butler County Conservation District
and in accordance with details presented in the most recent version
of the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual published
by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. The following
measures shall also be required by the Township in conjunction with
the aforementioned plan:
(b)
Rock construction entrance. All individual residential
lot development shall employ a rock construction entrance for vehicular
access to the lot from paved roadways. The construction entrance shall
be installed in accordance with details provided in the most recent
version of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.
(c)
Slope stabilization. All cut or fill slopes
that exceed 10 feet in vertical height and a 3:1 (h:v) slope shall
be stabilized with an erosion control blanket to prevent slope erosion
and promote seed growth in accordance with the most recent version
of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Erosion
and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual requirements. A detail
shall be included with the plans specifying the type of blanket and
installation procedures. Slopes shall be redressed with topsoil prior
to final stabilization to promote optimum growth of vegetation.
(d)
Energy dissipators. All energy dissipators such
as riprap aprons, plunge basins, etc., shall be designed based on
outlet velocities associated with the design storm for the subject
outfall pipe.
(10)
Best management practices (BMP's). The use of
practical structural and nonstructural BMP's will be encouraged by
the Township in the design of site drainage systems and land development.
Design of such measures shall consider the limitations of the site
topography and soils, as well as identify the benefits of proposed
measures and maintenance requirements. Technical requirements and
limitations of BMP's are provided in the Pennsylvania Handbook of
Best Management Practices for Developing Areas.
All sanitary sewage facilities and all public
water shall be constructed in accordance with the construction standards
and requirements of the appropriate service provider.
A.
Sidewalks (concrete). All sidewalks shall be constructed
in accordance with the construction standards in Figure 404.1.[1] Ramps for the physically challenged shall be provided at intersections and crosswalks in accordance with the construction standards in § 101-15B(11).
[1]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
B.
Walkways.
(1)
Minimum width. Walkways shall be a minimum of four
feet wide. In parking lots they shall be an additional 30 inches wide
or separated by an additional 30 inches on each side where automobiles
or other vehicles may overhang the walkway.
(2)
Height. Walkways in relation to parking lots and driveways
shall be raised to the same height as sidewalks in relation to streets.
C.
Bikeways. Bikeways shall be a minimum width of six
feet per travel lane where adjacent to a street, or five feet per
travel lane where not on a street.
A.
General requirements. All driveways shall be located,
designed, constructed, and maintained in such a manner as not to interfere
or be inconsistent with the design, maintenance and drainage of the
street.
B.
General location restrictions.
(1)
Access driveways shall be permitted at locations in
which:
(a)
Sight distance is adequate to safely allow each
permitted movement to be made into or out of the access driveway;
(b)
The free movement of normal highway traffic
is not impaired;
(c)
The driveway will not create a hazard; and
(d)
The driveway will not create an area of undue
traffic congestion on the highway.
C.
Grade. Driveways shall be constructed to conform to
the grade of the finished shoulders. All descending or ascending grades
of driveways shall begin at the street right-of-way. No stormwater
shall be permitted to drain onto a Township street.
A.
Minimum paving standards.
B.
Parking area standards.
(2)
Concrete mountable curbs. When required, mountable
curbs shall be constructed to the construction standards in Figure
406.2.2.[1]
(a)
Curb detail. When required, curbs shall be constructed
to the standard in Figure 406.2.2.1.
[1]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
(3)
Curb ramps. The location and design of all curb ramps
for access by physically challenged persons shall be in accordance
with the construction standards in Figure 401.2.13 and approved by
the Township Engineer. Such approval does not represent compliance
with the Accessibility Guidelines of the Americans with Disabilities
Act.
(4)
Accessible parking sign. Parking spaces required or
designated to be accessible for the physically challenged shall be
identified by the installation of an accessible parking sign meeting
the construction standards in Figure 406.2.4.
(5)
Concrete curb and gutter. When required, concrete
curb and gutter shall be constructed to the construction standards
in Figure 406.2.5.
Where fire hydrants are required they shall
be installed pursuant to specifications of the appropriate public
water service provider.
All guide rails shall be constructed in accordance
with current PennDOT criteria and in accordance with the construction
standards in Figure 408.1.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Figures 401.2.1 through 416.2
are on file in the Township offices.
A.
General conditions.
(1)
All street excavation within Township right-of-way
or easements shall require a road opening permit per the requirements
of this chapter and any other applicable ordinances of the Township.
(2)
No street opening shall extend across more than half
of the cartway at a time. No street shall be closed at any time without
prior approval from the Township.
(3)
Through-way traffic should be maintained whenever
possible.
(4)
Access to driveways and/or buildings located within
the work zone shall be maintained at all times.
(5)
No more than 250 linear feet of excavation shall be
opened at any one time.
(6)
Traffic control shall be maintained in accordance
with Pennsylvania Department of Highways Publication 203. The permittee
shall furnish and maintain such signs, barricades, lights and flag
persons as may be necessary to provide a safe and compliant work zone.
The Township may require a separate traffic control plan under special
circumstances.
(7)
Provisions shall be made to accommodate stormwater
runoff at all times. The work shall not be permitted to interfere
with the normal flow of surface or subsurface water.
(8)
Future maintenance shall be the responsibility of
the permittee during the first two years after completion.
B.
Pavement cuts. Open cutting of any street is not permitted
unless authorized by the Township Engineer.
(1)
Cuts in the bituminous surface shall be a neat straight
line the entire length and width of the trench using a concrete saw.
Cuts through cement concrete shall be made to a sufficient depth to
enable the removal of the concrete in a clear straight break.
(2)
All excavated material should be stored in such a
manner as to not interrupt pedestrian or automobile traffic. Pedestrian
crosswalks and sidewalks shall be kept clear at all times. Loose material
shall be promptly cleaned from the streets and sidewalks using appropriate
measures.
(3)
Special backfill requirements may be set by the Township
Engineer. Backfill requirements will be determined at the time of
application.
(4)
Restoration of street.
(a)
Temporary pavement shall consist of the appropriate
compacted backfill material and topped with not less than eight inches
of cold patch. The temporary pavement shall be replaced with the permanent
repair immediately upon suitable weather conditions or the work is
completed.
A.
Monuments and markers.
(1)
Monuments. Monuments shall be of precast reinforced
concrete at least four inches square and at least 30 inches in depth,
with a metal center plug. The actual survey point shall be indicated
by a 1/16 inch hole drilled in the metal plug. All developments shall
be required to place at least one new monument. All new monumentation
shall be tied to an existing Township monument and locational information
included on the as-built drawings. Monuments shall be accompanied
by a letter of certification from a professional land surveyor.
(2)
Markers. Markers shall be iron pins or pipes at least
1/2 inch in diameter and not less than 20 inches in length, or other
material acceptable to the Township Engineer.
B.
Detection. Monuments and markers shall be detectable
with conventional ferrous metal or magnetic locators.
C.
Submission requirements. No private or public improvements
shall be accepted by the Township until all required monuments have
been set and as-built drawings have been submitted and certified by
a professional land surveyor, three paper copies (24 inches by 36
inches), one Mylar copy. All as-built drawings shall be submitted
electronically in accordance with the digital submission requirements.
The following language shall be included on all as-built drawings:[1]
(1)
The professional land surveyor's certificate shall
read as follows:
I, a registered professional surveyor of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, do hereby certify that this plan is
prepared from a field survey made on this day of ____________________,
20_____, and it represents the location of buildings, driveways, parking
areas, landscaping and elevations of the stormwater detention basin
and its associated facilities as shown thereon by me for the owners
or agents.
| ||
(SEAL)
| ||
Registration No.
| ||
Date
|
D.
As-built drawings. As-built drawings shall include,
but need not be limited to, the following items:
(1)
All stormwater management facility(ies) as-built requirements are referenced in Appendix A.[2]
[2]
Editor's Note: Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. I). Appendix A is included at the end of this chapter.
(2)
Commercial and residential requirements as set forth in Appendix A.
All installations, locations and materials shall
comply with Township and Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
standards.
A.
Traffic/regulatory sign details and procedures.
(1)
Stop signs;
(2)
Speed limit signs (25 miles per hour, unless noted);
(3)
No outlet signs;
(4)
Yield signs;
(5)
Weight, size and load restrictions;
(6)
Turning restrictions;
(7)
Stopping, standing and parking restrictions;
(8)
Hazardous grade speed limits;
(9)
No passing zones;
(10)
No turns on red restrictions;
(11)
Removal of traffic hazards;
(12)
School zones and school zone speed limits;
(13)
Special speeds on bridges or elevated structures;
(14)
Creation of one-way streets.
B.
All traffic control signs (other than street name
signs) must use the following specifications.
(1)
One sign per post.
(2)
Must use easy erect channel.
(3)
Ten-foot-long galvanized steel posts.
(4)
Three-foot countersink posts.
(5)
Breakaway hardware.
(6)
Theft-proof nuts and bolts.
(7)
All traffic control signs must be at least seven feet
to the bottom of the sign, and two feet to five feet behind the curb.
(8)
Signs, when not at an intersection, should be placed
between lots, on lot lines.
(9)
Arrows indicate flow of traffic.
C.
Street name signs.
(1)
The standard Township street sign will have the following
specifications:
(a)
The street name shall appear on street name
signs in capital letters six inches high.
(b)
Prefixes such as "North" shall be abbreviated
to N.
(c)
Suffixes such as "Drive" shall be abbreviated
to DR.
(d)
Prefixes and suffixes shall be four inches high.
(e)
The street name sign shall have 3M or equal
white reflective lettering, on 3M-3877 high-intensity green or equal
green background.
(f)
Signs shall be mounted on nine-inch-wide extruded
aluminum blanks predrilled to accept vandal-proof hardware.
(g)
Required length of sign shall be determined
by the street name.
(h)
Post brackets and cross brackets for mounting
the signs must have a twelve-inch-long slot for securing the signs
and also be drilled to accept vandal-proof hardware.
(i)
The vandal-proof hardware shall consist of bolts
with a 12 pt socket head.
(j)
Sign post shall be galvanized, 10.5 feet by
two-and-one-quarter-inch OD by two-foot ID round posts.
(3)
Developers may install "custom made" street name signs.
The specifications shall be as follows:
(a)
Letter height must be six inches minimum for
uppercase letters and 4.5 inches for lowercase.
(b)
Letter width must be 1 1/2 inches minimum.
(c)
Letter stroke width must be 3/4 inch minimum.
(d)
Letter color must be white or white reflective
material.
(e)
The background color must be contrasting from
that of the letters.
(f)
All "custom made" street name signs shall be
the responsibility of the respective owners' association and shall
be identified in the owners' association documents. In the event that
a "custom made" sign, for any reason, may need to be replaced, it
shall be replaced in a reasonable amount of time or the Township may
replace it with a standard Township sign.
(4)
Type of installation required:
(a)
Four-way signs shall be installed at all intersections
where at least one of the connecting roads is a through way that leads
to another street. If one of the streets has no outlet, then only
a two-way sign shall be required.
(b)
Two-way signs shall be installed at intersections
where none of the streets are through ways that lead to another street.
D.
Final approval:
(1)
All identification and traffic warning and regulatory
signage must be installed prior to the Township issuing any building
permits.
(2)
Financial security shall not be released for the streets
until all signage installations receive final approval from the Township.
(3)
When all signs have been installed, the developer
must request the Township to review the installations. The Township
will give written acceptance/denial.
(4)
All developers must purchase and install all signs
on their own. The Township will not order, pay for, receive, store
or install any signs, posts, etc., for the developer.
Trees shall be of substantially uniform size
and shape, and have straight trunks. Trees shall be properly planted
and staked and provision made by the developer for regular watering
and maintenance until the development is complete, and Township acceptance
of streets. Dead and dying trees shall be replaced by the developer
during the next planting season after the initial planting. The following
construction standards shall be used during planting as approved by
the Township Engineer:
The maximum allowable slope on an embankment shall be two horizontal to one vertical (ratio). All embankments steeper than 2:1 shall require a retaining system. Reference Chapter 89, Grading, Excavation and Fill.