This article establishes specific controls for
the design, location, size and layout of off-street parking and loading
facilities as they relate to land use. The provisions of this article
serve as supplemental provisions to the requirements of the applicable
zoning district. These provisions are established to ensure adequate
parking and loading facilities are provided for each use in the Township,
and that such facilities are designed to complement the intended use.
A.
Applicability to new developments.
(1)
All land uses proposed in North Coventry Township
subsequent to the adoption of this chapter shall be in conformance
with the specifications and requirements herein.
(2)
The developer of a property shall provide the number
of parking spaces, surfacing and surface markings, signage, lighting,
landscape elements, and any other design or structural elements required
by this chapter and amendments hereto.
(3)
The owner(s) or manager(s) of a developed property
shall be responsible for the maintenance of the off-street parking
areas serving that property. Maintenance shall include, but shall
not be limited to, plowing of snow, maintenance of landscape elements
and lighting, sealing of pavement, repainting of lines and other markings
on the pavement, repaving as necessary, and any other work required
to maintain the parking area in an attractive, safe, and functional
condition.
B.
Applicability to existing development. Structures existing at the time of the adoption of this chapter and subdivision or development plans granted final approval and signed by the Board of Supervisors prior to the adoption of this chapter shall not be bound by the requirements herein. Redesign of existing parking areas to conformance with this chapter shall be permitted pending the submission to and subsequent approval by the Board of Supervisors of a parking plan, following the same procedure specified for a development plan in Chapter 320, Subdivision and Land Development.
C.
Applicability to existing parking facilities.
(1)
Off-street parking facilities existing at the effective
date of this chapter shall not subsequently be reduced to an amount
less than required hereunder for a similar new building or new use.
(2)
Off-street parking facilities provided to comply with
the provisions of this chapter shall not subsequently be reduced below
the requirements of this chapter.
Parking areas serving existing structures shall
be brought into conformance with the requirements of this chapter
under the following circumstances:
The following minimum number of off-street parking spaces per use shall be provided for the uses indicated below. In addition, one space for each company vehicle stored on the premises shall be provided. Throughout this section, "s.f." shall be interpreted as "square feet" and "GUFA" shall be interpreted as "gross usable floor area" as defined in Article II. The term "GUFA" shall include storage areas and other areas used to keep stock and inventory, unless such storage areas are located below grade level in a basement.
A.
Residential uses.
Single-family detached or semidetached dwellings,
mobile homes used as permanent residences, vacation homes
|
2.0 spaces per dwelling unit
| |
Single-family attached dwellings, multifamily
dwellings, residential conversions
|
2.0 spaces per dwelling unit, plus 1.0 space
per 5.0 units for visitor parking where 10.0 or more units are proposed
and where on-street parking is not feasible
| |
Retirement community
|
0.85 spaces per bedroom plus 1.0 space for each
employee on the largest shift
|
B.
Industrial uses.
Manufacturing/industrial parks: less than 100,000
square feet GUFA equal to or greater than 100,000 square feet GUFA
|
2.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA for first
100,000 square feet GUFA and 2.0 spaces per each additional 1,000
square feet GUFA above 100,000
| |
Quarrying, mining
|
1.0 space per employee on the largest shift
| |
Recycling center
[Amended 2-26-2007] |
0.2 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross lot
area or 1.2 spaces per employee on the largest shift, whichever is
greater
| |
Sanitary landfill, transfer station
|
1.0 space per employee on the largest shift
| |
Warehouse, wholesale sales, freight terminal
|
1.0 space per 1,000 square feet GUFA
|
C.
Office and professional uses.
Animal hospital, veterinary office
|
4.0 spaces per doctor plus 1.0 space per employee
| |
Office buildings and business services
|
1.0 space per 150 square feet of building area
devoted to business use
| |
Personal and professional services (including
medical offices)
|
4.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Research and development facilities and laboratories
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
|
D.
Commercial uses and services.
Automobile sales (in addition to service requirements,
if applicable)
|
1.0 space for each 400 square feet GUFA. Outdoor
display areas for auto sales shall not be included in the required
parking spaces.
| |
Bank or other financial institution
|
4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Bed-and-breakfast
|
1.0 space per guest room plus 1.0 space per
employee, plus 2.0 spaces for the resident owner(s)
| |
Car wash
|
3.0 stacking spaces per bay plus 2.0 drying
spaces per bay
| |
Convenience store
|
5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Department store
|
1.0 space per 50 square feet of GUFA
| |
Personal services (e.g., dry cleaners, beauty
shop, shoe repair)
|
3.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Funeral home
|
20.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet occupied by
viewing rooms or 1.0 space per 4.0 seats, whichever is greater
| |
Gas station (in addition to service station
requirement and convenience store requirements, where applicable)
|
1.0 space per pump, plus 6.0 stacking spaces
for each pump island
| |
Highway commercial development/shopping center/planned
commercial center
|
5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GUFA
| |
Home occupation
|
Minimum number required for residence, plus as required in § 370-50
| |
Hotel/motel
|
1.5 spaces per rental unit
| |
Junkyard (provided the junkyard has existed
as a nonconforming use)
[Amended 2-26-2007] |
0.1 space per 1,000 square feet of gross lot
area, not including spaces for junked cars
| |
Kennel, animal shelter
|
1.0 space per employee plus 1.0 space per 10
of animal capacity
| |
Laundromat
|
20.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Lumberyard
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA in sales
or display area, plus 1.0 space per 1,000 square feet GUFA of warehouse
| |
Mini-warehouse
|
1.0 space per rentable unit. Such spaces shall
not interfere with travel lanes between structures
| |
Restaurant or tavern
|
1.0 space per 35 square feet of GUFA
| |
Retail store or shop not covered elsewhere
|
1.0 space per 100 square feet of GUFA
| |
Service station, repair facility, auto body
repair service (in addition to gas station requirements, if applicable)
|
4.0 spaces per garage bay
| |
Supermarket
|
1.0 space 50 square feet of GUFA
|
E.
Institutional and public uses.
Airport
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA in terminal/administration
building
| |
Community college or any college without on-campus
housing
|
10.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA in classroom
buildings
| |
College or university with on-campus housing
|
1.0 space per on-campus residential unit plus
2.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA in classroom buildings
| |
Commercial, trade, professional, music or dance
school
|
1.0 space per instructor or employee plus 1.0
space per student at capacity
| |
Community center, social club
|
8.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA or 1.0
space per 4.0 seats in main assembly hall, whichever is greater
| |
Day-care center
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA plus 1.0
unloading space per 10 children
| |
Elementary school and middle school
|
1.0 space per classroom plus 2.0 spaces per
1,000 square feet devoted to administrative use
| |
High school
|
1.0 space per classroom, plus 1.0 space per
15.0 students in grades 11 and 12, plus 1.0 space per 10.0 fixed seats
in the auditorium
| |
Group quarters
|
1.0 space per 3.0 residents at capacity plus
1.0 space per employee on the largest shift
| |
Hospital, convalescent or nursing home, sanitarium
|
1.0 space per 3.0 beds, plus 1.0 space for each
employee on day shift
| |
Medical center
|
4.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Library
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Museum or similar cultural institution
|
3.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Place of worship
|
0.5 spaces per seat
| |
Public service/utility facility
|
2.0 spaces per facility plus 1.0 space per assigned
employee
| |
Public transit station
|
Varies based on facility and service area; required
spaces to be determined by the Board of Supervisors.
|
F.
Recreational uses.
Bowling alley
|
4.0 spaces per lane
| |
Cinema/movie theater/indoor theater/playhouse
|
1.0 space per 3.0 seats
| |
Country club/golf club
|
4.0 spaces per tee plus 50% of requirements
for ancillary uses, if applicable
| |
Health club/spa
|
5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Indoor amusement arcade
|
5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet GUFA
| |
Miniature golf course
|
3.0 spaces per tee
| |
Private club or lodge
|
1.0 space per 5.0 members at capacity plus 1.0
space per employee
| |
Public park
|
Varies according to facilities and service area;
Required spaces to be determined by the Board of Supervisors
| |
Stadium, outdoor theater, gymnasium
|
1.0 space per 3.0 seats
| |
Swim club, public pool
|
10.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of swimming
pool floor
| |
Tennis club
|
2.0 spaces per court plus 1.0 space per 200
square feet GUFA of clubhouse area in excess of 1,000 square feet,
plus 50% of requirements of ancillary uses, if applicable
|
In order to reduce unnecessary impervious surface
and excessive stormwater runoff, the number of required paved parking
spaces may be reduced when authorized by special exception if the
following conditions are met to the satisfaction of the Zoning Hearing
Board:
A.
Evidence is submitted documenting that the use of the building requires less parking spaces than required by § 370-87. Such documentation should be based on actual observed rates of parking for the use proposed.
B.
The site development plan shall indicate the location and layout of the required parking area. Such design shall include those parking areas deemed unnecessary at the time of application. Such area shall be designated as "reserved parking area" and shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Subsection E below.
C.
No more than 20% of the required parking shall be provided in reserve spaces. The total number of reserved and paved parking spaces shall equal the total number of parking spaces required by § 370-87.
D.
In no event shall the authorized reserve portion of
the parking area be counted as open space or other pervious surface
required by other provisions of this chapter. In addition, the reserve
parking area shall not be used for storage or structures, whether
of a temporary or permanent nature.
E.
Reserve parking areas may be precast porous pavement
(such as "grasscrete"), or with the approval of the Zoning Hearing
Board, upon recommendation by the Township Engineer, gravel, grass,
or other approved material, depending upon the degree of anticipated
use.
B.
The required parking spaces may be located other than
on the same lot when authorized as a special exception, provided that:
(1)
Some portion of the common off-street parking areas
lies within 200 feet of an entrance regularly used by patrons into
the building served thereby;
(2)
The owners of two or more establishments desiring
a common parking area shall submit, with their application for special
exception, a site plan showing joint use and location of a common
off-street parking area;
(3)
The Zoning Hearing Board may, at its discretion, reduce
the aggregate amount of required parking spaces if it determines that
greater efficiency can be effected by the joint use of a common parking
area, but in no case shall there be less than one parking space for
every 215 square feet of GUFA.
Parking spaces shall be reasonably level, sloping not more than 5% in any direction, but providing for positive drainage with a slope of at least 1%. A rectangular block of the following dimensions shall be provided for all off-street parking spaces, regardless of pull-in angle, and shall not be occupied by nor intruded upon by light standards or their foundations, landscape elements, pedestrian walkways, driveways, passageways, or any other feature which results in a reduced area available for occupation by a vehicle. Parking spaces shall be designed to conform with the definition in Article II of this chapter.
A.
Parking spaces shall have minimum dimensions of nine
feet wide by 18 feet long, exclusive of passageways, driveways, or
other means of circulation access. Not more than two feet of the parking
space may overhang the outer perimeter boundaries of the parking lot,
so long as such overhang does not intrude into an adjacent right-of-way
or pedestrian walkway, and for those parking spaces only, the area
directly below the overhang need not be paved, although the balance
of said space must be paved. All such perimeter parking spaces shall
be equipped with curbing.
B.
Parking areas shall be designed to permit each motor
vehicle to proceed to and from the parking space without requiring
the moving of any other motor vehicle.
C.
In no case shall parking areas be designed to require
or encourage vehicles to back into a public street in order to leave
the lot.
D.
Handicapped parking.
(1)
In any parking area where the total number of parking
spaces exceeds five, a minimum of one space for each 25 spaces or
fraction thereof shall be designed and designated for physically handicapped
persons.
(2)
Parking spaces for use by handicapped persons shall
have minimum dimensions of 14 feet wide by 20 feet long, and shall
be clearly marked as being reserved for use by handicapped persons.
(3)
Parking spaces for use by handicapped drivers shall
be located to minimize the distance between the vehicles and a wheelchair-accessible
entrance to the facility served.
(4)
Handicapped parking shall be in accordance with the
dictates of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
A.
Lanes designed for circulation of motor vehicles within
the parking area shall have a minimum width as required below:
Lane Width
| |||
---|---|---|---|
Angle of Parking
|
One-Way
(feet)
|
Two-Way
(feet)
| |
90°
|
21
|
24
| |
60°
|
18
|
22
| |
45°
|
15
|
20
| |
30°
|
12
|
18
|
B.
Access drives, unless shared between properties, shall
be at least five feet from any lot line.
C.
Driveways providing access to the parking area from
the street shall be of adequate length to accommodate off-street stacking
of vehicles waiting to enter the parking area. The stacking area shall
accommodate at least one vehicle, plus one vehicle for every 50 spaces
provided in the parking area, up to 20 stacking spaces.
D.
Off-street parking areas shall have separate, marked
lanes of ingress and egress. For parking areas with access solely
onto a local access road and providing 10 or fewer off-street parking
spaces, a single lane for both ingress and egress is adequate.
A.
The surface of all parking areas shall be dust-free
under conditions of normal use.
B.
Primary parking areas shall be asphalt. Pervious paving
may be permitted with the approval of the Board of Supervisors, upon
recommendation by the Township Engineer.
C.
Reserve parking areas may be porous pavement (such
as "grasscrete"), or with the approval of the Zoning Hearing Board,
upon recommendation by the Township Engineer, compacted gravel, grass,
or other approved material, depending upon the degree of anticipated
use.
A.
All land development plans with off-street parking areas shall be accompanied by a stormwater management plan for the entire site meeting all applicable provisions of Chapter 194, Grading, Erosion and Sediment Control; Stormwater Management, regarding stormwater management and erosion control.
[Amended 1-27-2014]
B.
Development plans presented at the preliminary plan
stage shall clearly indicate drainage patterns across all surface
areas and areas altered by proposed development.
A.
General provisions.
(1)
The requirements of this section shall apply to all
new industrial, commercial, and mixed-use developments, and to all
expansions of such existing units resulting in a gross floor area
totaling 6,000 square feet or more.
(2)
Loading areas for all uses shall be completely on-site
and shall not occupy any street right-of-way.
(3)
Loading areas shall be designed so as not to interfere
with vehicular and pedestrian circulation, or occupy parking spaces,
traffic lanes within a parking area, driveways, or any public cartway.
(4)
Loading areas shall be located in rear or side yard
areas.
B.
Required off-street loading facilities. Off-street
loading requirements as specified below shall be provided on any lot
on which a business or industrial building exceeds 6,000 square feet
of gross floor area.
(1)
Loading or unloading berths shall be provided in accordance
with the following table:
Aggregate Gross Floor Area Devoted to
Each Use
(square feet)
|
Minimum Required Number of Berths
| |
---|---|---|
6,000 to 19,999
|
1
| |
20,000 to 39,999
|
2
| |
40,000 to 79,999
|
3
| |
80,000 to 139,999
|
4
| |
for each additional 80,000
|
1 additional
|
(2)
The number of loading or unloading berths may be less
than the number of berths required above in the event that both of
the following conditions are met:
(a)
Evidence is submitted documenting that the use of the building requires fewer loading berths than required by Subsection B(1) above.
(b)
The site development plan shall indicate where
such loading berths could be located if, at a future date, they are
determined to be needed. Such area shall be designated as "proposed
future loading area" on the plan and no permanent structures shall
be permitted within this area.
C.
Size of loading spaces. Loading berths shall be sized
according to the type of facility served, as indicated below.
(1)
Large loading berth.
(a)
Minimum of 14 feet by 60 feet.
(b)
Required for factories, warehouses, distribution
centers, shopping centers, planned commercial and highway commercial
developments, supermarkets, retail stores offering large products
(e.g., major home appliances, furniture), automobile and farm implement
dealers, and office buildings larger than 500,000 square feet.
(3)
All loading berths shall have a minimum vertical clearance
of 14 feet.
D.
Loading area surfacing requirements. All loading areas
shall have a dust-free surface over the entire area customarily used
by delivery vehicles for parking and maneuvering. The surface may
be asphalt, concrete, nonpolluting oil-sealed gravel, compacted gravel,
or any other dust-free surfacing material which meets the approval
of the Board of Supervisors.