[Amended 3-15-2010 by L.L. No. 2-2010]
A.
For every building hereafter erected, altered and extended or changed
in use, there shall be provided parking and loading spaces at least
as set forth in this article.
B.
No use or structure fully in conformance with these requirements
on the date of enactment of this chapter may reduce the amount of
parking below the levels required.
C.
Existing uses or structures not conforming to the parking schedule
may continue; provided, however, that any modification causing an
increase in use of floor area, with or without structural modification,
shall require the provision of parking and loading for only that net
additional floor area at least as set forth in this article.
D.
Any change in use causing an increase in use of floor area, with or without structural modification, shall require the provision of parking and loading for only that net additional floor area at least as set forth in this article. However, any off-site parking spaces associated with an existing use may not be automatically transferred to a new use unless approved pursuant to the requirements of this article. For purposes of interpretation, the determination of a change in use shall be based upon the uses enumerated in § 380-92 of this article.
E.
An unspecified use shall have the same parking ratio as the most
closely similar use which is included in the schedule as determined
by the Planning Board.
The ratios listed below for each use are based upon the square
footage of a structure's floor area, as defined herein. In calculating
the required number of spaces, all fractional results shall be rounded
to the next highest whole number. Site plan approval for parking is
required for all uses except one- and two-family dwellings.
A.
Residential uses.
(1)
One-family and two-family dwelling units: at least one space for
every dwelling unit.
(2)
Multiple-family dwelling units: at least 1.5 parking spaces for every
dwelling unit.
(3)
Professional residence offices: one parking space for each nonresident
employee plus one additional parking space for every 200 square feet
of office space.
(5)
Mixed-use residential structures: at least 1.5 parking spaces for every dwelling unit. Off-street parking requirements shall be applied as for separate uses. All parking spaces required for the dwelling units should be provided on site and exclusive to that use. Nonresidential use parking shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of § 380-93.
B.
Nonresidential uses.
(1)
Commercial residences: one space per employee plus one space for
every guest room.
(2)
Religious facilities: one space for every four seats in the main
worship unit or one space per four persons to be accommodated.
(3)
Community centers: one space per four persons to be accommodated.
Meeting/community rooms and reception halls and banquet facilities
shall be included herein.
(4)
Schools: five administrative spaces plus, for preschools, elementary
and middle/junior high schools, two spaces per classroom; for high
schools, five spaces per classroom.
(5)
Day-care facilities: one space for each employee plus one space for
each five children.
(6)
Business, professional and medical offices: one parking space plus
one space for every 200 square feet of floor area.
(7)
General commercial and retail businesses: one parking space for every
motor vehicle used directly in the business, plus one space for every
120 square feet of floor area.
(8)
Restaurants: one for every four seats or one space for every 100
square feet of customer floor area, whichever is greater.
(9)
Package-food restaurants or restaurants with drive-through service:
one parking space for every four seats plus five spaces if the customer
floor area is less than 500 square feet or 10 spaces if the customer
floor area is 500 or more square feet.
(10)
Industrial and wholesale businesses: one space for every motor
vehicle used directly in the business plus either one space for every
300 feet of nonwarehouse floor area and one space for every 900 square
feet of warehouse floor area or one space for every two employees
on the premises at the maximum shift, whichever is greater.
(11)
Outdoor recreation: as required by the Planning Board, based
on a consideration of proposed use and type of programming, ages to
be served and neighborhood orientation.
A.
On-site parking. The total number of required parking spaces should be located on the same lot as the use for which they are intended to serve except as provided in Subsection B of this section. For mixed-use buildings (regardless of zoning district), on-site parking shall be located behind the principal building, whenever possible. All on-site parking shall be designed and maintained in accordance with § 380-94.
B.
Off-site parking. The Planning Board will keep a record of which on-street spaces and off-street lot spaces have been accounted for by other nonresidential uses. For purposes of interpretation in determining the extent of the perimeter, a walking distance (likely pedestrian path) measurement and not direct-line measurement should be utilized. The same-block determination may extend along intersecting side streets. Within this established area, parking may be located on both sides of a street unless prohibited for access considerations by the Planning Board, who then may extend the parking perimeter up to an additional 100 feet in directions that do not require pedestrian street crossings. Off-site parking shall be in accordance with the provisions of Subsection B(1) and (2) below.
(1)
Off-street parking. For all nonresidential uses, up to 100% of the
required parking may be located off the lot occupied by the use or
structure, provided that the proposed off-site parking area is:
(a)
Within the same or a less-restrictive zone district as the site
of the use or structure it is to serve, and the use of site as a parking
area is compatible with and not detrimental to the surrounding properties.
(b)
Within a distance up to 500 feet of the property lines of the
principal site.
(c)
Dedicated in fee ownership by the occupant/owner of the principal
site, controlled by deed covenant or subject to a long-term lease.
(d)
Designed and maintained in compliance with the parking design
standards as specified in this article and any applicable geometric
controls of the zone district.
(e)
Provides a safe and convenient means of pedestrian access to
and from the principal use site, and the Planning Board shall consider,
but not be limited to, the evaluation of sidewalk adequacy, street
crossings and driveways in the likely pedestrian path between the
principal use site and the off-site parking location.
(2)
On-street and municipal parking. For all nonresidential uses, up
to 50% of the required parking may be located in on-street and/or
municipal parking spaces, provided that such spaces are:
[Amended 6-16-2014 by L.L. No. 2-2014]
(a)
Within a distance up to 500 feet of the front property line(s)
or within the same block of the site, whichever is greater, provided
that the on-street and/or municipal parking space has not been accounted
for by another use for more than four hours during normal business
hours.
(b)
Demonstrated to be part of a sufficient supply of available on-street and/or municipal parking spaces within the area established in Subsection B(2)(a) above and that the number of parking spaces needed to supplement the required parking will not cause the undue displacement of vehicles associated with other uses.
(c)
Located with respect to the principal use so that a safe and
convenient means of pedestrian access is available, including, but
not limited to, the provision of sidewalks and street crossings.
(d)
Located with respect to the travel lanes of the road such that
any increase in activity of on-street parking spaces associated with
the use will not interfere with the safe and efficient flow of traffic.
(e)
Not to be used for loading spaces unless allowed by § 380-95D for commercial vehicle storage or to supplement employee/other long-term parking needs associated with a use.
(f)
Officially established and maintained by the Village of Liverpool
or other governmental agency.
C.
Shared parking. In its site plan review, the Planning Board may allow
up to 100% of required parking spaces for a residential and/or nonresidential
use in any district to be shared with another residential and/or nonresidential
use subject to the following:
(1)
A description of the nature of the uses proposed to share the parking
is provided and documents that the actual or anticipated pattern of
parking usage associated with each use does not substantially conflict.
Overlapping hours of usage is permissible, provided that the peak
demand hours for each use do not coincide thereby creating an excessive
shortage on parking for an extended period.
D.
Findings necessary for off-site or shared parking. It must be shown
that the provision of the full amount of required parking on site
is not practical, interfering with the optimal development of the
site (such as causing elimination or reduction of buffers), results
in poor internal circulation or creates excessive drainage to adjoining
properties.
E.
Transfer of off-site parking rights (changes in use) shall require
site plan review by the Planning Board.
F.
The property on which off-site shared parking is proposed to be located
shall be subject to the provisions of site plan and/or site plan review.
G.
Loss or discontinuance of off-site parking shall require site plan
review by the Planning Board.
A.
One- and two-family dwellings.
(1)
One- and two-family dwellings are exempt from screening and buffering
requirements applicable to parking areas.
(2)
Within the yard area between the front of the residence and the public
right-of-way, all vehicles must park in the established driveway or
residential parking area. No vehicle may be parked on the landscaped
portion of the yard.
(3)
The driveway may extend from the front edge of the property through
the front yard to the side or rear of the residence. The maximum width
of the driveway at the street line and within the front yard shall
be 24 feet. In no case may more than 25% of any front yard area be
paved or used for a driveway and off-street parking.
(4)
A residential parking area may be installed adjacent to the street
edge contingent upon the following:
(a)
In no case shall a residential parking area be provided for
property that has sufficient space for a driveway capable of accommodating
four cars for a single-family or eight cars for a two-family residence.
(b)
The residential parking area must adjoin the street and driveway.
(c)
The residential parking area must be constructed of asphalt
or concrete. If the existing driveway is stone or gravel, that portion
of the driveway that adjoins the residential parking area must be
improved to asphalt or concrete to match the residential parking area.
(d)
The maximum width of the combined residential parking area and
driveway along the street shall not be more than 24 feet.
(e)
The maximum depth of the residential parking area from the street
edge shall not exceed 20 feet. In no case shall the residential parking
area extend over a public sidewalk.
(f)
In no case shall any portion of a vehicle parked perpendicular
to the street protrude over any portion of the sidewalk or into the
street.
(g)
In no case shall any portion of a vehicle parked parallel to
the street protrude over any portion of the sidewalk.
(h)
In no case shall any portion of a vehicle parked parallel to the street protrude into the street between 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. from November 1 to April 15. (See § 368-8.)
(i)
In no case shall any portion of a vehicle in the residential
parking area protrude into the street within 20 feet of an intersection
or 30 feet of a stop sign in accordance with Article 32 of the New
York State Vehicle and Traffic Law, § 1202.
(j)
In no case shall the residential parking area be utilized to
park or store campers, mobile homes, recreational vehicles, snowmobiles,
boats, similar recreation-oriented vehicles or trailers of any description.
(5)
No more than 20% of a lot may be paved with impervious material for
the parking of vehicles.
(6)
Commercial vehicles.
[Amended 12-1-2014 by L.L. No. 3-2014]
(a)
Other than for customary delivery of goods and services to the premises,
no residential property in any residential use district shall provide
parking, storage or a base of operations for commercial vehicles and
support equipment, as defined herein.
(b)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a company vehicle, such as a car,
pick-up truck or van, driven and used by the owner or occupant of
the property may be parked in the driveway or garage of such property,
provided, however, that no such vehicle shall be more than seven feet
in height or seven feet in width.
B.
Mixed-use structures, multiple-family dwellings and nonresidential
uses.
(1)
Exemption. Parking facilities existing on the date of enactment of
this chapter shall be exempt from compliance with these design standards
unless a change of use has subsequently occurred or the Code Enforcement
Officer has determined an unsafe condition exists and requires modifications
to the parking.
(2)
Access and layout. The curb cut, driveway and parking area shall
be designed so that all vehicle movements to and from the public right-of-way
are in a forward direction. The layout of the parking area shall permit
entering and exiting without moving vehicle(s) parked in other spaces.
(3)
Entrances and exits. The location, number and width of each curb
cut providing access to and from a public road shall be specified
by the Planning Board, absent control by another jurisdiction. Curb
cuts shall not be located within 20 feet of the nearest curb cut within
the site itself or on any adjoining property; for properties less
than 60 feet in width, the distance does not apply.
(4)
Driveways. Each driveway leading from the curb cut to the parking
area shall have a suitable stacking area for the use, and the paved
area, exclusive of parking spaces, shall be a minimum of 10 feet in
width for one-way traffic and 20 feet in width for two-way traffic
up to a maximum of 24 feet unless required to be larger or smaller
by another jurisdiction.
(5)
Location of parking. Parking spaces may not be located in a required
front yard or in required buffer areas.
(6)
Landscaping and snow storage.
(a)
Buffers. A landscaped buffer shall be installed and maintained on all sides where a parking area abuts adjoining properties or public rights-of-way, except as provided in Subsection B(6)(e) below. It shall have a minimum width of five feet measured inward from the property line, unless required to be larger by transition or special permit requirements. Decorative materials, including but not limited to plants, shrubs, trees, stone, brick, etc., may be placed in the buffer to delineate the buffer from the parking pavement and to enhance the appearance of the site. Any buffer shall provide visual screening and should be 36 to 48 inches in height provided that it does not pose blind spots or public safety hazards or issues.
(b)
Front yard visibility. No front yard buffer, including associated
decorative materials, may exceed 2 1/2 feet in height above the
grade. Trees are allowed, provided that they are trimmed to provide
a seven-foot clearance to the lowest branches and the trees are no
closer than 10 feet to the edge of a driveway and 10 feet to the front
property line.
(c)
Screening (fencing). On each side that a parking area abuts
or faces upon a residential use or a residentially zoned property,
the view of that parking area from the residential property or properties
shall be effectively screened with an opaque fence or a dense planting
of evergreens. Such screening shall be maintained within the property
boundary at a height of six feet in the rear and side yard areas.
Screening for parking areas servicing mixed-use buildings shall be
subject to the discretion of the Planning Board and shall be considered
on a case-by-case basis.
(d)
Snow storage. Each parking lot or area shall provide for a system
of snow removal and have sufficient on-site snow storage. Buffer areas
may be used to store snow; however, snow may not be deposited in the
front yard or in public right-of-way to a point that impairs visibility.
The Planning Board may require the provision of additional snow storage
areas.
(e)
Adjacent parking areas. Upon petition of adjoining nonresidential
property owners, the Planning Board may reduce or eliminate a required
side or rear yard buffer to interconnect adjacent parking lots; provided,
however, that such approval would not be detrimental to the internal
circulation of either parking lot and that adequate provisions for
snow storage are provided.
(7)
Surfacing. All off-street parking areas and driveways shall be surfaced
with an all-weather, dustless material and striped to delineate parking
spaces. Wheel stops shall be provided where necessary to protect buffers,
lighting standards, signs and other installations.
C.
Permit required. No driveway or parking area shall be installed,
enlarged or resurfaced prior to the issuance of a permit by the Code
Enforcement Officer.
A.
Loading schedule. In accordance with § 380-91, all commercial buildings, including mixed-use buildings, shall provide on-site or on-street (upon approval of the Village Board) space for loading and unloading trucks and other delivery vehicles as set forth below. In calculating the required number of spaces, all fractional results shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.
B.
Loading space dimensions. Each loading space shall be 12 feet in
width by 40 feet in length with a clear height of 14 feet, unless
otherwise specified by the Planning Board based on the type and size
of delivery vehicles anticipated.
C.
Location. All loading spaces shall be located in the side or rear
yard portions of a site and may not encroach into any buffer area
or require the use of adjoining land for maneuvering.
D.
On-street loading. The Planning Board may allow a loading space to
be established within the public right-of-way, provided that it is
found that the provision of an on-site loading space is not practical
and interferes with the optimal development of the site or parking
area; and, further, the use of the on-street loading space is limited
to hours of low parking demand or is located in space identified by
the Village of Liverpool as a designated loading zone.
The Planning Board may require additional or fewer parking and
loading spaces for any use if it finds that, for a particular use,
the required minimum spaces are not sufficient or are excessive, provided
that the safety and general welfare of the public is not jeopardized;
and, furthermore, provided that such modification should not exceed
50% of the required spaces.