All uses, except single-family dwellings on individual lots,
shall be required to provide off-street parking facilities in compliance
with this article.
It is the express purpose of this article to implement the following
objectives:
A.
To minimize the impact of vehicular traffic, entering or exiting
any parking lot, upon the public streets by controlling the number
and location of access driveways.
B.
To facilitate and encourage safe and convenient pedestrian movements
in appropriate areas of a parking lot and elsewhere.
C.
To enhance the amenity, safety and appearance of uses via landscaping,
screening, sidewalks and other similar requirements.
D.
To maximize the safety and convenience of vehicular circulation,
both within the subject property, and on the Township's road network.
E.
To enhance compatibility between land uses.
A.
Each application for a building or use and occupancy permit for a
use for which parking spaces are required shall include a drawing
(site plan) showing the proposed layout of the lot. The drawing shall
clearly indicate all of the design elements required below.
B.
No building or use and occupancy permit shall be issued for any use
for which parking spaces are required unless the site plan has been
approved or necessary variances and/or modifications have been obtained.
All parking lots shall be constructed and maintained with a
paved surface of concrete or bituminous materials or another dust-free
surface if approved by the Board of Supervisors.
Except as restricted elsewhere in this chapter, a ground-level
parking lot may be permitted in any yard.
Parking spaces shall be guarded by curbs or other protective devices which are arranged so that parked cars cannot project into streets, sidewalks or walkways. A curb cut shall be provided for wheelchair access, in accordance with § 150-259F.
All parking lots shall be drained so as to prevent damage to
other properties or public streets. Furthermore, all parking lots
shall prevent the collection of standing water on any portion of the
parking lot surface, particularly next to access driveways.
The following chart lists required minimum space sizes in feet:
|
Type of Space
|
Minimum Space Size
(feet)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Standard car spaces:
| ||
|
Parallel
|
22 by 8
| |
|
Nonparallel
|
20 by 10
| |
|
Compact car spaces:
| ||
|
Parallel
|
20 by 8
| |
|
Nonparallel
|
16 1/2 by 8
| |
|
Spaces for physically handicapped:
| ||
|
Parallel
|
22 by 12
| |
|
Nonparallel
|
20 by 12
| |
A.
Driveways between rows of parking spaces shall have the minimum widths
indicated in the following table:
|
Angle of Parking
(degrees)
|
Width of Driveway; One-Way Traffic
(feet)
|
Width of Driveway; Two-Way Traffic
(feet)
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
90°
|
22
|
22
| |
|
60°
|
18
|
22
| |
|
45°
|
13
|
22
| |
|
30°
|
12
|
22
| |
|
Parallel
|
11
|
22
|
B.
Interior driveways in areas where there is no parking permitted shall
be at least 10 feet wide for each lane of traffic.
C.
Any travel lane between a building and a parking area shall be designated
a fire lane, and parking shall be prohibited.
[Added 3-24-1988 by Ord. No. 88-02]
Adequate lighting shall be provided if the parking lot is to
be used at night. The lighting shall be arranged so as not to reflect
or glare on land used for residential purposes or adjoining lots or
streets.
[Amended 3-14-1996 by Ord. No. 96-08]
Access drives shall conform to the specifications set forth in the West Manchester Township Access Drive Ordinance, Ordinance No. 96-01, Chapter 42 of the Code of the Township of West Manchester.
The following landscaping and screening requirements shall apply
to all parking lots:
A.
Landscaped strip:
(1)
When a parking lot is located in a yard which abuts a street,
a landscaped strip shall be provided on the property along the entire
street line. If there is no building or other structure on the property,
the parking lot shall still be separated from the street by the landscaped
strip. This strip shall be measured from the street line. The strip
may be located within any other landscaped strip required to be located
along a street.
(2)
The following lists required widths of landscape strips:
|
Number of Spaces in Parking Lot, Including Joint Facilities
|
Landscape Strip Width Measured From Street Right-of-Way
Line
(feet)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Fewer than 50
|
10
| |
|
50 to 100
|
15
| |
|
101 to 250
|
20
| |
|
Over 250
|
25
|
(3)
Unless otherwise indicated, all parking lots constructed in
side or rear yards, as defined herein, shall comply with the accessory
use setbacks imposed by yard within each district. In those districts
where no accessory use setbacks are listed, all parking lots shall
be set back a minimum of 10 feet from any side or rear lot line. Such
setbacks shall be used for landscape strips.
B.
Interior landscaping.
(1)
In any parking lot containing 10 or more parking spaces, except
a parking garage, 10% of the total area of the lot shall be devoted
to interior landscaping. Such interior landscaping shall be used at
the end of parking space rows and to break up rows of parking spaces
at least every 10 parking spaces. Landscaped areas situated outside
of the parking lot, such as peripheral areas and areas surrounding
buildings, shall not constitute interior landscaping. For the purpose
of computing the total area of any parking lot, all areas within the
perimeter of the parking lot shall be counted, including all parking
spaces and access drives, aisles, islands and curbed areas. Ground
cover alone is not sufficient to meet this requirement. Trees, shrubs
or other approved material shall be provided. At least one shade tree
shall be provided for each 300 square feet (or fraction) of required
interior landscaping area. These trees shall have a clear trunk at
least five feet above finished grade level.
(2)
Parked vehicles may not overhang interior landscaped areas more
than 2 1/2 feet. Where necessary, wheel stops or curbing shall
be provided to ensure no greater overhang.
(3)
If a parking lot of under 10 spaces is built without interior
landscaping and later additional spaces are added so that the total
is 10 or more, the interior landscaping shall be provided for the
entire parking lot.
C.
Screening. When a parking lot is located on property which adjoins
land in a residential zone, the lot shall be screened from the adjoining
residential property.
A.
Speed bumps, constructed as part of access drives or parking lots,
shall be marked with permanent, yellow diagonal stripes.
B.
The speed bumps shall be in the form of mounds or depressions in
the pavement and shall be designed to restrain motor vehicle speed.
C.
There shall be a warning sign posted at each entrance to parking
area having speed bumps.
A.
Location. Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be
located as close as possible to ramps, walkways, entrances and elevators.
Where feasible, these parking spaces shall be located so that the
physically handicapped are not forced to wheel or walk across main
traffic lanes or behind parked cars to reach the ramps and other facilities.
The spaces shall be situated in those areas of the parking lots located
nearest to each primary building entrance.
C.
Required number of spaces. The following number of parking spaces
shall be reserved for the physically handicapped:
|
Total Parking Spaces in Lot
|
Required Minimum Number
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Up to 25
|
1
| |
|
26 to 50
|
2
| |
|
51 to 75
|
3
| |
|
76 to 100
|
4
| |
|
101 to 150
|
5
| |
|
151 to 200
|
6
| |
|
201 to 300
|
7
| |
|
301 to 400
|
8
| |
|
401 to 500
|
9
| |
|
501 to 1,000
|
20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
|
D.
Identification. Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall
be identified by signs, generally located eight feet above grade.
The signs shall state that the space is reserved by law for the physically
handicapped. Where these signs are placed flush against buildings
or structures or in other locations not accessible to vehicular or
pedestrian traffic, the height may be reduced to six feet.
E.
Curbs.
(1)
Where a curb exists between a parking lot and a sidewalk, a
horizontally scored ramp or curb cut shall be provided for wheelchair
access.
(2)
The curb shall not be less than four feet wide and shall have
a grade of not more than one foot in 12 feet.
(3)
Curb cuts shall be provided within 30 feet of each accessible
entrance to the structure, at all pedestrian walk intersections and
elsewhere to provide reasonable direct circulation within each development.
(4)
The curb cuts shall not be more than 150 feet apart.
F.
Sidewalks.
(1)
Sidewalks shall be scored or textured to indicate the location
of doors to blind persons.
(2)
Exterior sidewalks shall not be obstructed.
(3)
Exterior sidewalks shall have a side slope not greater than
one inch in four feet. They shall be at least four feet wide and have
a grade of not more than one foot in 20 feet.
(4)
Wherever sidewalks cross access drives, parking lots or other
sidewalks, they shall blend to a common level.
G.
Storm drains. Storm drain gates and similar devices shall not be
located within the required access for the physically handicapped.
H.
Grade. The grade of parking spaces for the physically handicapped
shall not be more than one foot in 20 feet.
A.
Required parking spaces, open or closed, may be provided in spaces
designated to jointly serve two or more establishments or uses, whether
or not located on the same premises, provided that the number of required
spaces in such joint facility shall not be less than the total required
separately for all such establishments or uses, where it can be conclusively
demonstrated that one or more such uses will be generating a demand
for parking spaces primarily during periods when the other use(s)
is (are) not in operation, the Board of Supervisors may reduce the
total number of parking spaces required for the use with the least
requirement.
B.
In commercial shopping centers over two acres in size, joint parking
lots may be permitted. These joint facilities can reduce the total
number of parking spaces required by a maximum of 20%. Therefore,
the resulting joint parking lot will be required to provide at least
80% of the total number of spaces required by the sum of all of the
shopping center's tenants. Such reduced parking spaces must still
be appropriately distributed upon the lot to provide convenient walking
distance between vehicles and each of the shopping center's stores.
[1]
Editor's Note: Former § 150-261, Modification of
requirements, was repealed 7-22-2004 by Ord. No. 04-09.
Automobile parking lots are for the sole purpose of accommodating
the passenger vehicles of persons associated with the use which requires
them. Parking lots shall not be used for the following and/or loading
purposes:
A.
The sale, display or storage of automobiles or other merchandise,
except those activities typical to an automobile filling station.
B.
Parking vehicles accessory to the use.
C.
Performing services, including services to vehicles.
D.
Any other purpose except as permitted as follows:
(1)
Carnivals, circuses, fairs, exhibitions or other similar events,
so long as they do not continue longer than seven days.
(2)
Sales and display of seasonal decorations (Christmas, etc.)
so long as the use would be permitted by right within the underlying
zone, the use will not continue longer than 45 days in one calendar
year, adequate measures have been taken to address the purposes of
this article, and a temporary use permit has been obtained.
[Amended 6-28-2001 by Ord. No. 01-03]
(3)
Temporary placement of a mobile home during times of emergency
as declared by the Township Board of Supervisors, and/or the Township
Emergency Management Coordinator.
(4)
The placement of donation or recycling collection facilities,
provided that such collection facilities are sufficiently enclosed
to prevent the scattering of debris, the materials collected are removed
at regular intervals, and the total size of the facility is less than
200 square feet.
(5)
At no time shall temporary uses consume more than 10% of the
total parking lot area.
[Amended 6-28-2001 by Ord. No. 01-03]
The following chart lists required numbers of parking spaces
by use type. Any use involving a combination of several uses shall
provide the total number of spaces required for each individual use.
|
Type of Use
|
Minimum of 1 Parking Space for Each
|
|---|---|
|
Commercial Uses and Business Uses
| |
|
Automobile repair, filling and washing facilities
|
400 square feet of gross floor area and ground area devoted
to repair and service facilities in addition to areas normally devoted
to automobile storage, and 1 per employee on major shift.
|
|
Automobile, boat and trailer sales
|
500 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Banks and similar financial institutions
|
300 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Carpeting, drapery, floor covering and wall covering sales
|
500 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Drive-in or fast-food eating places
|
2 seats, and 1 per each 2 employees
|
|
Eating places
|
4 seats, and 1 per each employee on 2 largest shifts
|
|
Food markets, grocery stores and convenience stores
|
100 square feet of floor area for public use, and 1 per each
employee on 2 largest shifts
|
|
Funeral homes
|
100 square feet of gross floor area, 1 per each employee, and
1 per each piece of mobile equipment, such as hearses and ambulances
|
|
Furniture sales
|
500 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Hotels, motels and tourist homes
|
Guest sleeping room, and 1 per each employee on 2 largest shifts.
(Restaurants and other accessory uses shall be viewed separately.)
|
|
Office buildings
|
300 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Professional offices of veterinarians, physicians, dentists,
etc.
|
6 spaces per each physician or dentist, etc.
|
|
Retail stores or shops (except those listed above)
|
200 square feet of gross floor area of display area or sale
area, and 1 per each employee on 2 largest shifts
|
|
Shopping centers or malls
|
182 square feet of gross leasable floor area
|
|
Taverns, bars, nightclubs and other similar uses
|
2 seats, but not less than 1 space per 100 square feet of gross
floor area, and 1 per each employee on 2 largest shifts
|
|
Other commercial buildings
|
400 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Industrial Uses
| |
|
Industrial and heavy commercial establishments
|
2 employees on the 2 major shifts, but at least 1 space per
each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Warehousing
|
Employee on the 2 largest shifts
|
|
Recreation Uses
| |
|
Amusement arcades
|
80 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Athletic fields
|
4 sets of spectator seating; however, if no spectator seating
is provided, a temporary parking area shall be provided on the site.
Such area must provide sufficient numbers of spaces to serve all users
of the site and include a fence delineating such parking area.
|
|
Bowling alleys and billiard room
|
1/4 lane/table, and 1 per each 2 employees
|
|
Campgrounds
|
Campsite, plus 1 per employee, plus 50% of the spaces normally
required for accessory uses
|
|
Golf courses
|
1/8 hole, plus 1 per employee, plus 50% of the spaces normally
required for accessory uses
|
|
Golf driving ranges
|
Tee, and 1 per employee
|
|
Miniature golf courses
|
1/2 hole, and 1 per employee
|
|
Riding schools or horse stables
|
2 stalls, plus 1 per every 4 seats of spectator seating
|
|
Picnic areas
|
Table
|
|
Skating rinks
|
4 persons of legal occupancy
|
|
Swimming pools (other than one accessory to a residential development)
|
4 persons of legal occupancy
|
|
Tennis or racquetball clubs
|
1/4 court, plus 1 per employee, plus 50% of the spaces normally
required for accessory uses
|
|
Residential Uses
| |
|
Residential dwellings
|
1/2 dwelling unit (i.e., 2 per dwelling unit)
|
|
Rooming houses, group homes and bed-and-breakfasts
|
Bedroom
|
|
Social and Institutional Uses
| |
|
Auditoriums, churches, theaters, and other such places of public
assembly
|
200 square feet, but not less than 1 space per each 4 seats
|
|
Clubs, lodges and other similar places
|
2 seats, but not less than 1 per 100 square feet of gross floor
area, and 1 per each employee on 2 largest shifts
|
|
Social and Institutional Uses
| |
|
Hospitals and sanatoriums
|
Spaces shall be provided for visitors at the rate of at least
1 per each 1.5 accommodations (beds). Such spaces shall be in addition
to those necessary for doctors and other personnel.
|
|
Museums, art galleries, cultural centers and libraries
|
400 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Nursing, rest and retirement homes
|
3 accommodations (beds), in addition to those needed for doctors
and support staff
|
|
Rehabilitation centers (without overnight accommodations)
|
1 per each employee, and per each 3 people anticipated to be
handled through the facility
|
|
Schools below grade 10, including commercial day care and kindergarten
|
6 students enrolled
|
|
Schools, 10th grade and above, including colleges
|
3 students enrolled
|
|
Schools, commercial
|
Depending upon the nature of the facility, the Zoning Officer
shall determine the number of parking spaces required using those
ratios prescribed for other schools and educational facilities.
|
|
Vocational training and adult education facilities
|
1.5 students enrolled
|
