A.
No road shall be built in the Town of Kent except in accordance with
this chapter. The specifications and standards set forth herein shall
apply to all streets, roads and highways whether they are intended
to be public or private.
B.
It is the purpose of these specifications to establish minimum acceptable
standards of road construction to be built in connection with the
development or subdivision of land in the Town of Kent, including
but not limited to width, design, drainage, construction of base and
pavement, curbs and sidewalks, monuments and signs. These specifications
do not apply to existing roads, except that extensions to existing
roads shall comply with these specifications.
C.
Entrances and roads throughout planned residential developments and
industrial, office and commercial projects and developments shall
meet the construction specifications in this chapter.
D.
In any written certification, the applicant's professional engineer
shall state clearly that he or his authorized representative has inspected
all phases of the road construction and that all work has been completed
in accordance with the approved plans and these specifications.
E.
In general,
all construction materials, methods, procedures and practices shall
conform to the Standard Specifications (Construction and Materials),
New York State Department of Transportation, Office of Engineering,
May 1, 2008, U.S. Customary Units ("NYSDOT Specifications"), and these
specifications and standards. [Note: All references contained herein
to the NYSDOT Specifications are to the Standard Specifications, U.S.
Customary Units), dated May 1, 2008. A copy of these Specifications
is available for review in the Town of Kent Town Clerk's office.]
The following shall apply to all roads proposed to be dedicated
to the Town of Kent. Nothing contained herein, including compliance
with all of the following, shall obligate the Town Board to accept
any road for dedication unless the Town Board has adopted an order
accepting offer of cession of said road.
A.
The applicant's irrevocable offer of cession of roads and easements,
warranty deed and supporting forms for filing in the Putnam County
Clerk's office, along with releases from all mortgages and other encumbrances
and any drainage or other easements, offer of cession, proposed Town
Board resolution of consent and the Town Highway Superintendent's
order laying out the proposed road as a public road must be deposited
with the attorney for the Town of Kent prior to the Planning Board
Chairman's signing of any subdivision map, along with the performance
bond specified hereinafter.
B.
Dedication of a right-of-way will not be accepted until the applicant's
professional engineer and the Town Superintendent of Highways have
certified to the Town Board, in writing, that the construction of
the road or roads has been completed in accordance with the approved
plans and the specifications in this chapter.
C.
Such roadway must be granted to the Town by a full covenant and warranty
deed containing the correct metes and bounds description shown on
said subdivision map, which deed must be in such form as may be required
to entitle the same to be recorded in the office of the Putnam County
Clerk, and the filing fees must be paid by the applicant.
E.
Dedication will not possibly result unless the road is built to major
road, collector/commercial road, or local residential road specifications,
each of which has a minimum right-of-way width of 50 feet or more,
but in no event shall dedication be an obligation of the Town or an
entitlement of the party constructing the road. The Town maintains
and reserves its full discretion to accept or to decline offers of
dedication.
A.
Any road which has not been dedicated to the Town of Kent or for
which the Town has not agreed to accept an offer of cession upon the
road's completion shall be a private road.
B.
All private roads shall, at a minimum, meet the specifications for rural roads in this chapter. In the exercise of the public welfare, the Planning Board is authorized to direct that any specific private road shown on a proposed plat be constructed to the standards for any specific classification of road in § 57-8 it deems necessary and may place reasonable conditions on the approval of any road intended to be private and not dedicated to or maintained by the Town of Kent.
C.
Where a subdivision includes a private road or roads, the Planning
Board shall condition the final approval upon:
(1)
The applicant forming a homeowners' association that shall own
any road, pursuant to a declaration of covenants and restrictions
approved by the Planning Board and recorded in the Putnam County Clerk's
office, and having an offering statement for the sale of the subdivision
lots approved by the Department of Law of the State of New York, pursuant
to General Business Law § 352-e.
(2)
In the event the Department of Law grants an exemption to an approved
offering statement, the applicant shall impose a road maintenance
obligation on the subdivision lots for the repair, upkeep, maintenance
and snowplowing of the road, the form of which road maintenance agreement
shall be approved by the Planning Board and duly recorded in the office
of the Putnam County Clerk.
(3)
A note shall be placed on the face of the final plat to be recorded
in the Putnam County Clerk's office to the effect that the road in
the subdivision is a private road, not qualifying for, nor intended
for, dedication to the Town of Kent.
(4)
A note shall be placed on the face of the final plat to be recorded
in the Putnam County Clerk's office that there is no obligation on
the part of the Town of Kent to accept any private road, in any event
and under any circumstances, even if the private road is upgraded
to major road, collector/commercial road, or local residential road
specifications.
(5)
In the event that the Planning Board waives the requirement that
a bond or security be posted with the Town, a notation shall be recited
on the face of such final plat indicating that no bond or other security
is posted with the Town of Kent to insure completion of such private
road.
D.
All homeowners' associations owning and/or maintaining a private
road must have the power to assess the subdivision lot owners for
their share of the maintenance cost of the private road.
E.
All road maintenance obligation agreements and declarations of covenants
and restrictions shall contain a provision granting the Town of Kent
the authority, but not the obligation, to enforce the terms of those
documents, including, without limitation, the provisions relating
to the construction, maintenance and repair of the private road. All
road maintenance obligation agreements and declarations of covenants
and restrictions shall also grant the Town of Kent the authority,
but not the obligation, to charge the common lot owners or the homeowners'
association for the reasonable costs actually incurred by the Town
in enforcing the terms of those documents, including any repair, maintenance,
or construction costs and attorneys' fees, which charge shall
become a lien on the property of the common lot owners or the homeowners'
association, enforceable in the same manner as a property tax lien.
F.
The Planning Board Attorney shall review and approve all road maintenance
obligation agreements and the bylaws of such homeowners' association
and any restrictions and covenants to be adopted by the homeowners'
association in connection with the subdivision to assure that such
provisions are in furtherance of the provisions of this section and
other applicable sections of this chapter.
G.
In the event that a homeowners' association or, in a case where
there is no homeowners' association, individual lot owners fail
to meet their road maintenance obligation for the repair, upkeep,
maintenance and snowplowing of a private road, the Town Board may,
at its sole discretion, charge the reasonable and necessary costs
of proper maintenance and repair, including engineering and inspection
costs, against the real properties responsible for the maintenance
of the road by adding that charge to, and making it a part of, the
next annual real property tax assessment roll of the Town. Such charges
shall be levied and collected at the same time and in the same manner
as Town-assessed taxes and shall be paid to the Town Accountant, to
be applied in reimbursing the fund from which the costs of proper
operation and maintenance were paid. Prior to charging such assessments,
the owner of the real property shall be provided written notice by
certified mail, return receipt requested, at the last known address
of record, of an opportunity to be heard and object before the Town
Board to the proposed real property assessment, at a date to be designated
in the notice, which shall be no less than 30 days after its mailing.
A.
The plan of the proposed road shall be prepared by a qualified engineer
properly licensed by the State of New York. The plan shall clearly
define the limits of the proposed right-of-way and shall include the
location, widths, profiles and grades of proposed roadways, storm
drainage, including culverts and other drainage structures, and the
location of easements and utilities. The plan shall be submitted to
the Town Superintendent of Highways and Planning Board Engineer, and
to the Putnam County Commissioner of Highways and Facilities or the
New York State Department of Transportation, respectively, when any
road drains toward or may otherwise affect a county or state highway,
and to the Town Planning Board for review and approval under the applicable
subdivision regulations of the Town.[1] Such plans so submitted shall not be altered or amended
after having been approved by the Planning Board, unless amended plans
are resubmitted and approved as above. However, the applicant shall,
at his own expense, provide additional storm drainage structures or
other facilities as may be ordered by the Town Superintendent of Highways
if, during the progress of the work, in the opinion of the Town Superintendent
of Highways, the Planning Board Engineer and/or the Putnam County
Commissioner of Highways and Facilities, such additional drainage
structures or facilities are necessary to assure the durability of
pavement, the future maintenance of the right-of-way or the welfare
or safety of the public.
B.
If construction has not been started within one year of the date
of final plat approval by the Town Planning Board, plans shall be
resubmitted and approved as required above.
A performance guaranty and maintenance surety for any proposed road shall be required if so required by the Planning Board as part of the subdivision approval process pursuant to § 66A-32 of the Town Code.
The applicant shall be required to obtain insurance if so required by the Planning Board as part of the subdivision approval process pursuant to § 66A-32H of the Town Code.
No permit for the erection of any building shall be issued unless
a road giving access to such proposed structure shall have been suitably
improved to the satisfaction of the Town Planning Board in regard
to, but not limited to, the following, to protect the standards of
public health, safety and general welfare:
A.
All underground utilities planned within the rights-of-way of all
roads, including, but not limited to, water mains, valves and appurtenances;
culverts, drains and drainage structures, sanitary sewers and sewer
structures; electric power distribution and electric power structures;
telephone cable and telephone structures; and
B.
All house services from mains to property lines to serve each building,
with proper valving, capping, plugging and the marking of termination
points; and
C.
All road construction, including subgrades, foundation course, base
course, ditches and paved gutters planned within the right-of-way.
No certificate of occupancy shall be issued for any building
fronting on or gaining access from such proposed road unless all repairs,
made necessary by wear and tear to said proposed road by the use of
said road by the applicant, his servants, agents or employees, or
subcontractors or others in the completion of all construction activity,
shall have been made. The applicant, upon making said repairs, shall
apply a wearing surface to said road in accordance with the standards
of this chapter. Only after the final wearing surface has been inspected
by the Planning Board Engineer and approved by the Town Planning Board
may a certificate of occupancy be issued for any building fronting
on or gaining access from the proposed road.
A.
General.
(1)
The Town Planning Board shall determine and designate into which
of the following classifications each proposed road falls on the basis
of one or more of the criteria hereinafter set forth:
(2)
Final plans shall be drawn to scale, and the applicant shall construct
each road in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.
B.
Determining criteria.
(1)
Major roads.
(a)
The proposed road is the direct and logical continuation of
a road that carried 500 or more cars during a twelve-hour period as
shown on the latest traffic count; or
(b)
The proposed road creates a shorter and more convenient through-traffic
artery so that it can be reasonably expected that traffic will be
diverted from other major roads to such an extent that it will reach
at least 500 cars in 12 hours two years after opening; or
(c)
The proposed road could logically be expected to become a major
road because of future construction or other foreseeable circumstances.
(2)
Collector/commercial roads.
(a)
The proposed road is in an area zoned for commerce or industry;
or
(b)
The proposed road is on or so close to the dividing line between
a residential and a commercial or industrial area that it may reasonably
be expected to carry a substantial volume of commercial or industrial
traffic; or
(c)
The proposed road creates a shorter and more convenient route
between a commercial or industrial area and a major traffic artery;
or
(d)
The proposed road for any other reason may be expected to carry
a substantial volume of commercial or industrial traffic.
(3)
Local residential roads. This classification is intended to cover
the majority of subdivision roads.
(a)
The proposed road shall not be or be reasonably expected to
become a through, commercial or industrial road: or
(b)
The proposed road shall be a dead-end, loop or other minor road
within a development; or
(c)
The proposed road is not or cannot reasonably be expected to
become a continuation or extension of a road of one of the two above-described
classifications. Should the road reasonably be expected to become
a continuation or extension of a road of one of the two above-described
classifications, the proposed road shall take the classification of
the road of which it is a continuation or extension; or
(d)
The proposed road does not or cannot reasonably be expected
to carry a substantial volume of traffic, as determined by the Planning
Board.
(4)
Rural roads. This classification is intended to cover a minority
of exceptional subdivision roads characterized by very low volume,
rural highway use within a subdivision having no more than four lots.
(a)
Such roadway shall be allowed only on permanent dead-end roads
and such other situations where the Planning Board deems it appropriate;
and
(b)
Traffic composition shall consist of passenger vehicles with
proper consideration given for emergency vehicle access; and
(c)
Design speed shall be 30 miles per hour; and
(d)
No rural road shall be accepted by the Town for dedication;
and there shall be no obligation on the part of the Town to accept
any rural road, in any event and under any circumstances, even if
the rural road is upgraded to major, collector/commercial or local
residential road specifications.
(5)
Unimproved platted rights-of-way, sometimes referred to as paper
roads, that are less than 50 feet in width, when improved, shall,
at a minimum, meet the standards for rural roads.
A.
The figures at the end of this chapter show cross-sections of the
classifications of roads. These give the required design, dimensions
and construction details (Figures 1 through 4). The specifications
for major, collector/commercial and local residential roads are summarized
in Table 1, and the specifications for rural roads are summarized
in Table 2.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Tables 1 and 2 are included at the end of this
section.
B.
Width, location and construction. Roads shall be of sufficient width,
suitably located and adequately constructed so as to conform to the
Town Comprehensive Plan, and to accommodate the prospective traffic
and afford access for firefighting, snow removal and other road maintenance
and service equipment. The arrangement of roads shall be such as to
cause no undue hardship to adjoining properties and shall be coordinated
so as to compose a convenient system.
C.
Arrangement. The arrangement of roads in a subdivision shall provide
for the continuation of collector roads of adjoining subdivisions
and for proper projection of collector roads into adjoining properties
which are not yet subdivided, in order to make possible necessary
fire protection, movement of traffic and the construction or extension,
presently or when later required, of needed utilities and public services
such as sewers, water and drainage facilities. Where, in the opinion
of the Planning Board, topographic or other conditions make such continuance
undesirable or impractical, the above conditions may be modified.
D.
Local residential roads. Local residential roads shall be so laid
out that their use by through traffic will be discouraged.
E.
Special treatment along state or county arterial roads. When a subdivision
abuts or contains an existing or proposed arterial road, the Planning
Board may require marginal access roads, reverse frontage with screen
planting contained in a nonaccess reservation along the rear property
line, deep lots with rear service alleys or such other treatment as
may be necessary for adequate protection of residential properties
and to afford separation of through and local traffic.
F.
Where property abuts existing Town roads, the applicant shall dedicate
such property as may be necessary to provide minimum right-of-way
width of 50 feet, or give easements to the Town, as required.
G.
Block size. Blocks generally shall not be less than 400 feet nor
more than 1,200 feet in length. In general, no block width shall be
less than twice the normal lot depth. In blocks exceeding 800 feet
in length, the Planning Board may require the reservation of a twenty-foot-wide
easement through the block to provide for the crossing of underground
utilities and pedestrian traffic where needed or desirable, and it
may further specify, at its discretion, that a four-foot-wide paved
sidewalk be included.
H.
Intersections with collector or arterial roads. Local residential
road openings into collector or arterial roads shall, in general,
be at least 500 feet apart.
I.
Road jogs. Road jogs with center-line offsets of less than 125 feet
shall be avoided.
J.
Angle of intersection. In general, intersecting roads shall join
each other so that for a distance of at least 100 feet the road intersecting
is approximately at right angles to the road it joins.
K.
Relation to topography. The road plan of a proposed subdivision shall
bear a logical relationship to the topography of the property, and
all roads shall be arranged so as to obtain as many of the building
sites as possible at or above the grade of the roads. Grades of roads
shall conform as closely as possible to the original topography.
L.
Tables 1 and 2 below are comparative summary sheets which list the
major items of construction for all types of roads and may be useful
as a checklist of requirements. Thereafter are set forth the general
and more detailed specifications for design and construction applicable
to all roads. The applicant shall design and construct roads which
shall conform to both the specific and the general specifications.
|
Table 1
Summary of Road Specifications:
Local Residential, Collector/Commercial, and Major
| |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Requirement
|
Local Residential
|
Collector/ Commercial
|
Major
| ||
|
Right-of-way width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Clearing width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Grading width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Pavement width (feet)(1)
|
22 or 24
|
28
|
30
| ||
|
Design speed (miles per hour)
|
30
|
30
|
30
| ||
|
Minimum radius of horizontal curves (feet)
|
200, except for road intersection corners
|
300, except for road intersection corners
|
400
| ||
|
Minimum length of vertical curves (feet)
|
100, but not less than 25 for each 1% algebraic difference in
grade
|
150, but not less than 30 for each 1% algebraic difference in
grade
|
200, but not less than 30 for each 1% algebraic difference in
grade
| ||
|
Minimum length of tangents between reverse curves (feet)
|
100
|
200
|
300
| ||
|
Maximum grade
|
10%
|
8%
|
6%
| ||
|
Minimum grade
|
1.0%
|
1.0%
|
1.0%
| ||
|
Minimum sight distance along road (feet)
|
200
|
400
|
500
| ||
|
Minimum sight distance at intersections
| |||||
|
Cul-de-sac radius
|
Not permitted
|
Not permitted
| |||
|
Right-of-way (feet)
|
Varies (Figures 18, 19 and 20)
| ||||
|
Pavement (feet)
|
Varies (Figures 18, 19 and 20)
| ||||
|
Center island (feet)
|
Varies (Figures 18, 19 and 20)
| ||||
|
Armor coat
|
See § 57-10J for requirements
| ||||
|
Foundation course thickness (inches)(2)
|
12
|
12
|
12
| ||
|
Binder course (inches)(3)
|
3
|
4
|
5
| ||
|
Wearing course (inches)(4)
|
2
|
2
|
2
| ||
|
Sidewalks
|
As required by the Planning Board
| ||||
|
Monuments
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
Road signs
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
Pavement marking(5)
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
NOTES:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
(1)Shoulders are required on both
sides of the roadway.
| ||
|
(2)If foundation soils are found
to be deficient, the thickness of the foundation course may be increased
as directed by the Highway Superintendent. Drainage fabric shall be
provided over low wet areas prior to placement of foundation course.
All low areas are to be adequately drained to mitigate frost heaves
within the roadway.
| ||
|
(3)Binder course shall conform to
NYSDOT Specifications for Type 3 hot bituminous concrete plant mix
and shall be rolled to the required thickness.
| ||
|
(4)Wearing course shall conform to
NYSDOT Specifications for Type 6F hot bituminous concrete plant mix
and shall be rolled to the required thickness.
| ||
|
(5)Pavement marking shall be yellow
reflective paint and shall be placed down the center of the paved
roadway in accordance with the directions of the Highway Superintendent,
per NYSDOT Specifications.
| ||
|
(6)The Planning Board shall have
the right to modify the above minimum standards to meet specific and
unusual conditions.
| ||
|
Table 2
Summary of Road Specifications: Rural Roads
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Specification
|
Requirement
| |
|
Minimum right-of-way width (feet)
|
30
| |
|
Maximum right-of-way width (feet)
|
45
| |
|
Minimum clearing width1 (feet)
|
30
| |
|
Minimum grading width (feet)
|
30
| |
|
Minimum pavement width (feet)
|
20
| |
|
Maximum pavement width (feet)
|
24
| |
|
Minimum shoulder width2 (feet)
|
4
| |
|
Minimum grade3
|
1.0%
| |
|
Maximum grade
|
10%
| |
|
Minimum curb radii (feet)
|
20
| |
|
Minimum tangent length between reverse curves4 (feet)
|
100
| |
|
Minimum sight distance (feet)
|
200
| |
|
Minimum sight distance at intersections
|
Across corner, 75 feet back from corner, as explained in § 57-10N
| |
|
Angle at intersection of road center lines
|
90°
| |
|
Minimum length of vertical curves (feet)
|
100, but not less than 20 for each 1% of algebraic difference
in grade
| |
|
Foundation course thickness5 (inches)
|
12
| |
|
Pavement thickness, asphaltic concrete6 (inches)
|
3 1/2
| |
|
Monuments
|
Required
| |
|
Road signs
|
Required
| |
|
NOTES:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
(1)The applicant shall clear areas
within the limits of: the road right-of-way except for trees designated
by the Planning Board to remain intact; stream channels and ditches.
All roots and stumps shall be grubbed, excavated and removed from
these areas.
| ||
|
(2)Shoulders are required on both
sides of the roadway. Shoulders shall have adequate surface treatment
and drainage for the safe passage of emergency vehicles.
| ||
|
(3)Grades under 1.0% are acceptable
when approved stormwater drainage facilities are provided.
| ||
|
(4)One hundred feet, except where
excessive grades may be reduced to reasonable grades by shortening
the tangent.
| ||
|
(5)If foundation soils are found
to be deficient, the thickness of the foundation course may be increased
as directed by the Highway Superintendent. Drainage fabric shall be
provided over low, wet areas prior to placement of foundation course.
All low areas are to be adequately drained to mitigate frost heaves
within the roadway.
| ||
|
(6)Pavement shall be two-inch compacted
thickness asphalt concrete hot mix, composite type, plus a one-and-one-half-inch
layer of Type 6 asphalt concrete.
| ||
|
(7)The Planning Board shall have
the right to modify the above minimum standards to meet specific and
unusual conditions.
| ||
A.
Layout. The applicant shall establish and clearly mark on site the
limits of the road right-of-way and easements, the center line and
grades of the road pavement and the location and elevation of drainage
and drainage structures in accordance with the approved plans. Such
markers shall be maintained at the applicant's expense until
the construction of all required improvements within the right-of-way
limits has been completed, inspected and approved by the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
B.
Erosion and sediment control; clearing and grubbing.
(1)
Prior to the commencement of any work on the site, the applicant shall have an approved stormwater pollution prevention plan (SWPPP), consistent with the requirements of Chapter 66, Steep Slope Protection and Stormwater Management.
(a)
Prior to any clearing and grubbing, the applicant shall install
the required erosion and sediment control measures that are detailed
in the approved SWPPP, which shall include but not be limited to silt
barriers or fences, sediment traps, and the like, in order to prevent
on-site erosion, damage to properties off site; deposition of silt
or debris into established watercourses, streams or waterways; or
any other harmful effects on the environment.
(b)
The applicant shall maintain all required erosion and sediment
control measures throughout the construction period, perform all scheduled
inspections, and preserve all logs, construction plans and records
on site for review by the authorities having jurisdiction. All temporary
stormwater and water quality control measures shall be maintained
in accordance with the approved SWPPP until all permanent stormwater
control and water quality practices are in place, grass areas are
well established and paved areas are in place.
(3)
All roots and stumps shall be grubbed, excavated and removed from
the above areas and shall be properly disposed in accordance with
local regulations.
C.
Excavation, filling and rough grading.
(1)
The applicant shall complete the shaping of the rights-of-way, streams
and ditches and easement areas to the line and grade as shown on the
approved plan. All unsuitable or unstable materials shall be completely
excavated and removed from the right-of-way, and all rocks or boulders
larger than six inches in diameter shall be excavated at least eight
inches below the finished subgrade of road pavement, drainage or drainage
structures, curbs and sidewalks.
(2)
Where fills are necessary to complete the required line and grade
or to backfill trenches or other excavations, the materials incorporated
in the work shall be acceptable to the Town Superintendent of Highways
and shall be placed in layers not exceeding eight inches in depth,
each layer to be thoroughly compacted by rolling with a three-wheel,
sheep's foot, pneumatic-tired or padded-wheel roller, or by impact
rammer or vibrator equipment in areas inaccessible to power rollers,
to achieve a maximum density of 95%, modified proctor. All compaction
shall continue until the fills are firm and unyielding.
(3)
The areas between the shoulder edge and the right-of-way line must
be graded and seeded in order to prevent erosion. All slopes, except
rock cuts, shall be covered with four inches of topsoil and shall
be seeded, mulched or otherwise planted to provide a hardy cover and
to prevent erosion.
(4)
The rough grade of the road pavement, curb and sidewalk areas shall
be completed to within one inch above or below finished subgrade as
shown on the approved cross section of the right-of-way improvement.
(5)
Earth shoulders and flow line of ditches and gutters shall be maintained
in satisfactory condition at the applicant's expense at all times
during the course of construction of the subdivision and until such
time as the Town Board has accepted dedication of the right-of-way.
D.
Excavation, laying and backfilling of buried utilities.
(1)
Buried utilities shall be designed and placed in accordance with
the standards shown on Figure 5.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Figure 5 is included at the end of this chapter.
(2)
The width of the trench in which a pipe is placed shall be sufficient
to permit thorough tamping of the backfill under the haunches and
around the pipe. Where rock is encountered in either boulder or ledge
formation, it shall be removed below grade and replaced with coarse
sand or approved gravel in such a manner as to provide an earth cushion
having a thickness under the pipe of not less than six inches. Where
soft, spongy or other unstable soil is encountered at the established
pipe grade, all such unstable soil under the pipe and for a width
of one diameter on each side of the pipe shall be removed and replaced
with approved gravel or other acceptable material. In all cases, the
bed shall be thoroughly compacted and shall provide a firm foundation
for the pipe. Coarse sand or approved gravel fill shall be placed
and thoroughly compacted around all buried pipes to 12 inches above
the top of the pipe. In no case shall the top of any drainage pipe
be less than 30 inches below the finished grade of the pavement, unless
authorized by the Planning Board at the recommendation of the Town
Superintendent of Highways.
(3)
Trenches over five feet zero inches in depth shall be properly sheeted
or shored to provide safe access to workmen. Sides of trenches may
be cut back on a slope (two horizontal to one vertical) when the depth
of the trench exceeds five feet zero inches.
(4)
Pipe shall be laid to true line and grade on the prepared bed of
the trench. Vertical and horizontal separation of utility pipes shall
be provided as may be required by the Putnam County Health Department
or other agency having jurisdiction. In no case shall any pipe or
lateral connection be closer than 18 inches to any other utility pipe
or lateral connection.
(5)
All connections for making field joints in corrugated metal pipe
shall consist of corrugated metal bands so constructed as to lap on
equal portions of each of the culvert sections to be connected. All
joints in making field connections of reinforced concrete pipe shall
be filled with portland cement mortar or shall use watertight rubber
gaskets.
(6)
Backfilling of trenches shall be done in accordance with the subsection on fills under § 57-10C above.
(7)
Any additional drainage facilities not shown on the approved plan
and which may be ordered by the Town Superintendent of Highways shall
be constructed by the applicant at the applicant's expense and
in accordance with these specifications.
E.
Drainage pipe. Storm drain and culvert pipe may be of either high-density
polyethylene or reinforced concrete with a minimum diameter of 15
inches across driveways and 15 inches for road drainage.
(1)
High-density polyethylene pipe shall have a smooth interior wall
with an annular corrugated exterior. The Manning's "n" value
shall have a rating of 0.012. The joints shall be soil-tight as the
minimum requirement. In areas of a high water table, the joints shall
also be watertight. The installed pipe shall be capable of supporting
H-20 live loads with 12 inches minimum cover.
(2)
Reinforced concrete pipe shall be Class V and shall conform to NYSDOT
Specifications. All reinforced concrete pipe shall be manufactured
with slip joints or bell and spigot joints. Each piece of reinforced
concrete pipe shall be marked with the specification number and the
date of manufacture.
(3)
Pipes of other material may not be used.
F.
Catch basins and curb inlets. (Figures 6 and 7)
(1)
General. The following specifications and Figures 6 and 7, at the
end of this chapter, show the minimum acceptable construction for
typical catch basins and curb inlets. Whenever, in the opinion of
the Town Highway Superintendent, ground conditions or other circumstances
require it, larger or heavier materials, additional materials, reinforcing
or other modifications and improvements in design and construction
shall be made as directed by the Town Highway Superintendent at any
time prior to paving.
(2)
Location. Catch basins shall be constructed at all points of change
of slope or alignment and at all junction points. At no time shall
catch basins be spaced farther apart than 400 feet on slopes less
than 3%, 300 feet on slopes from 3% to 6%, and 250 feet on slopes
over 6% in steepness.
(3)
Excavation. Holes for catch basins shall be excavated to a depth
of 35 inches below the designated elevation of the invert of the effluent
pipe. Crushed stone or run-of-bank gravel to a uniform depth of nine
inches leveled and compacted over the entire area under the base shall
be laid in the holes.
(4)
Construction. All catch basins shall be of precast concrete conforming
to NYSDOT Specifications and shall be designed to sustain an H-20
highway loading, plus 25% impact load.
(5)
Installation of pipes.
(a)
Precast concrete walls around all pipes entering or leaving
catch basins shall be cast to fit the contours of the pipes as closely
as possible. Remaining interstices shall be solidly filled with mortar
for the full thickness of the wall. Ends of all pipes shall be cut
off flush with the inside surfaces of the catch basin walls.
(b)
When the diameter of the effluent pipe is greater than that
of an influent pipe, the elevation of the top of the influent pipe
shall be no lower than the elevation of the top of the effluent pipe.
(c)
When the diameter of the effluent pipe is the same as or smaller
than that of an influent pipe, the elevation of the invert of the
influent pipe shall be no lower than the elevation of the invert of
the effluent pipe. In no case shall the top of any influent pipe be
more than five feet above the invert of the effluent pipe.
(6)
Curb inlets.
(a)
Wherever required, catch basins shall be capped with curb inlets
having a minimum frame opening of 30 inches by 48 inches of a type
as designated by the Town Highway Superintendent.
(b)
Curb inlets shall be installed so that the top of the grating
is two inches below the finished grade, and the pavement shall be
sloped toward the inlet as shown on Figure 6.
(c)
Curb-front openings on all curb inlets shall have, centered
in the opening, a solid horizontal bar to prevent the ingress of small
children. This bar shall be part of the casting or shall be solidly
welded in place subsequent to manufacture.
(7)
Steps. Catch basins having a depth greater than 48 inches from the
finished surface to the top of the concrete base shall be provided
with steps. Steps shall be of wrought iron having a minimum diameter
of 3/4 inch, which shall be hot-bent to shape and hot-dipped galvanized
or plastic-coated after bending. Aluminum steps are not allowed. They
shall be solidly set at the time of construction and shall extend
at least four inches into the wall. The steps shall extend 4 1/2
inches from the inside of the wall of the catch basin. The top step
shall be not more than 18 inches below the finished surface and thence
to the base steps shall be no more than 12 inches apart.
G.
Road subgrade.
(1)
After completion of the rough grade and prior to the laying of the
foundation course, the subgrade shall be shaped to line and grade
and thoroughly compacted with an approved self-propelled roller weighing
not less than 10 tons. All hollows and depressions which develop under
rolling shall be filled with acceptable granular material and again
rolled, this process to be continued until no depressions develop.
The subgrade shall not be muddy or otherwise unsatisfactory when the
foundation course is laid upon it.
(2)
Any soft or unstable portions of the subgrade which develop under
the roller shall be completely excavated and removed from the right-of-way
and shall be replaced with acceptable granular material placed in
eight-inch lifts, and the area shall be regraded and compacted as
above.
(3)
Geotextile drainage fabric (highway grade) shall be placed over prepared
subgrades where the subbase is wet or undrainable or when the subbase
material contains more than 20% silt/clay soils. Drainage fabric shall
be installed prior to the placement of the foundation base course
and after all utilities have been installed to the satisfaction of
the Town Superintendent of Highways.
(4)
Drainage fabric shall be installed to drain to low points within
the roadway, and subdrains shall be installed at all low points, with
drain connections to the nearest catch basin or curb inlet as shown
on Figure 8.[2]
[2]
Editor's Note: Figure 8 is included at the end of this chapter.
H.
Fine grading.
(1)
Before fine grading or construction of curbs and sidewalks is started,
all storm and sanitary sewers and all utilities, including house connections
and hydrants, shall have been installed, and all fill and backfill
shall have been thoroughly compacted to the satisfaction of the Town
Superintendent of Highways.
(2)
Fine grade shall conform to the prescribed width of pavement and
shall extend equidistant from the center line of the road right-of-way
and shall conform to the typical cross sections of the road pavement
and to the approved line and grade.
(3)
On curves having a radius of 300 feet, the pavement shall be banked
at the rate of one inch per foot of width. On curves having a radius
of 3,000 feet, no banking will be required. Intermediate radius curves
shall be banked proportionately. The transition from banked section
to crowned section shall take place on the approaching tangents at
the rate of one inch per 10 feet.
(4)
On curves, the pavement width shall be increased by one foot for
each 1,000 feet or fraction thereof by which the radius of curvature
is less than 5,000 feet.
I.
Foundation course, granular material.
(1)
After the fine grade and all curbs have been constructed to the satisfaction
of the Town Superintendent of Highways, the applicant shall furnish
and place a foundation course of approved run-of-bank gravel, crusher-run
stone or crusher-run gravel to the depths as called for in these specifications.
All materials acceptable for these courses shall be hard, durable
and sound and shall be well graded from coarse to fine. The maximum
diameter of the large particles not exceeding 2/3 of the thickness
of the compacted foundation course and 90% to 100%, by weight, of
the particles shall be of such size as will pass through a two-inch
square hole, not more than 70%, by weight, to pass the No. 40 mesh
sieve, and not more than 10%, by weight, to pass the No. 200 mesh
sieve.
(2)
The materials shall be placed on the finished subgrade by means of
mechanical spreaders in three-inch layers and shall be thoroughly
compacted by rolling with a self-propelled ten-ton roller. Water shall
be added to the materials in such amounts as the Town Superintendent
of Highways may consider necessary for proper compaction. After compaction,
the course shall be true to grade and cross sections, and any depressions
shall be eliminated by the use of additional granular materials, thoroughly
rolled in place. In all cases, the foundation course must be so thoroughly
compacted that it will not weave under the roller, and the total depth
after compaction shall not be less than 12 inches.
J.
Initial paving.
(1)
The initial paving course shall be required for:
(a)
The surface treatment of all shoulders and ditches adjacent
to paved roadways.
(b)
The armor coat for major roads.
(c)
The temporary pavement of all roads to be dedicated to the Town
in which there is a likelihood that the foundation base course will
be contaminated or disturbed by construction traffic or when the placement
of the asphalt concrete paving courses will not be made within one
month after the foundation base course has been placed, fine-graded
and rolled.
(2)
Procedure. After the foundation course has been inspected and approved
by the Town Superintendent of Highways, the traveled way and ditches
must be paved, as follows, with latex bituminous material and crushed
stone:
(a)
Foundation course must be properly prepared by blading to a
true cross section and compacted by rolling.
(b)
A uniform application of latex primer and sealer must be applied
at the rate of 0.30 gallon per square yard.
(c)
The latex primer and sealer must be covered immediately with
a uniform layer of one-inch to three-fourths-inch clean, crushed stone
at the rate of 70 pounds per square yard.
(d)
The clean, crushed stone must be leveled with a broom drag or
other leveling device; then rolled once with a five-ton to eight-ton
steel-tired roller.
(e)
A uniform application of latex emulsion must be applied at the
rate of 0.70 gallon per square yard.
(f)
The latex emulsion must be covered immediately with a uniform
layer of three-eighths-inch to one-fourth-inch clean, crushed stone
at the rate of 20 pounds per square yard.
(g)
The clean, crushed stone must be broomed to distribute choke
stone evenly and roll with a five-ton to eight-ton steel-tired roller.
(h)
A uniform application of latex emulsion must be applied at the
rate of 0.40 gallon per square yard.
(i)
The latex emulsion must be covered immediately with a uniform
layer of three-eighths-inch to one-fourth-inch crushed stone at the
rate of 20 pounds per square yard.
(j)
The crushed stone must be broomed to distribute cover stone
evenly and rolled to compaction with a five-ton to eight-ton steel-tired
roller.
K.
Asphaltic concrete surface courses.
(1)
A two-course asphaltic concrete surface, conforming to NYSDOT Specifications,
shall be placed within two years following approval of initial paving,
but not before completion of all required improvements within the
right-of-way in accordance with the approved plans and this chapter.
(2)
After initial paving course has been thoroughly cleaned of all foreign
material, an asphaltic concrete binder course shall be uniformly spread
by a self-propelled mechanical spreader with tamping bars and heating
unit in sufficient depth as to provide a finished compacted thickness
after rolling thoroughly with a ten-ton roller. (Figures 1, 1A, 2,
3 and 4, included at the end of this chapter)
(3)
After the binder course has been completed and thoroughly cleaned
of foreign material, and a tack coat of asphalt emulsion is applied
to the surface at the rate of 1/10 to 1/5 gallon per square yard in
the event that the binder course has been subject to traffic for an
extended period of time, a final wearing course of fine asphaltic
concrete shall be uniformly spread by a self-propelled mechanical
spreader equipped with tamping bars and heating unit and in sufficient
depth as to provide the required finished compacted thickness after
rolling thoroughly with a two- or three-wheel tandem roller weighing
approximately 10 tons. Refer to Table 1 in this chapter.[3]
(4)
Extreme care shall be exercised in the placing of bituminous concrete
to ensure that all longitudinal joints shall be lapped in the placing
of adjoining strips and that all lateral joints are trimmed before
continuing with the placing of additional materials on that strip.
L.
Curbs.
(2)
Where required by the Town Superintendent of Highways, four-inch
heavy-duty underdrains shall be laid in coarse, washed sand under
all curbs as shown on Figure 9. This underdrain shall be so graded
that any water under the curbs will drain to the nearest catch basin
where the underdrain shall be connected as shown on Figure 6.[5]
[5]
Editor's Note: Figures 6 and 9 are included at the end
of this chapter.
(3)
Concrete curbs shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements
of Figure 9 in this chapter and finished and cured to the satisfaction
of the Town Superintendent of Highways. The applicant shall, at his
own expense, replace any curbing damaged before dedication and any
curb which proved defective or is damaged by his operations during
the one-year maintenance period.
(4)
Asphalt curbs shall be permitted only when approved by the Planning
Board upon the written recommendation of the Highway Superintendent
and shall conform to Figure 9A.[6]
[6]
Editor's Note: Figure 9A is included at the end of this chapter.
M.
Sidewalks (Figure 10[7]). Whenever required by the Planning Board, the applicant
shall construct four-inch-thick reinforced portland cement concrete
sidewalks as shown on Figures 2, 3, and 4.[8] Concrete shall be Class A per NYSDOT Specifications, one
course, properly screeded and finished to true grade with wooden floats
and shall be cured, all to the satisfaction of the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
[7]
Editor's Note: Figure 10 is included at the end of this chapter.
[8]
Editor's Note: Figures 2, 3 and 4 are included at the
end of this chapter.
N.
Intersections.
(2)
Intersections of major roads by other roads shall be at least 800
feet apart, if possible. Cross (four-cornered) road intersections
shall be avoided insofar as possible, except at important traffic
intersections. A distance of at least 150 feet shall be maintained
between offset intersections. Within 40 feet of an intersection, roads
shall be at approximately right angles, and grades shall be limited
to 1 1/2%. All road intersection corners shall be rounded by
curves of at least 25 feet in radius at the property line.
(3)
Sight easements shall be provided across all corners at intersections
within the triangular area formed by the two intersecting road lines
and a straight line connecting points along said road lines, each
point 75 feet back from the intersection of the road lines. For the
purpose of traffic safety, there shall be a clear line of sight in
either direction across such triangular area between an observer's
eye three feet above the road surface at the nearest edge of the road
and an object one foot above the nearest edge of pavement on the intersecting
road. In the case of roads which must intersect at other than right
angles, the Planning Board and/or the Town Superintendent of Highways
may require that the dimensions of the sight easement be modified
to provide adequate sight distance.
O.
Signs.
(1)
Appropriate highway warning signs shall be erected as required by
the Town Highway Superintendent. Such signs shall conform to the standards
prescribed for the New York State highway system.
(2)
The applicant shall furnish and install a four-way road-name sign
at every road intersection made by the roads he constructs. Signs
and posts shall conform to the standards established in Figure 13.[10]
[10]
Editor's Note: Figure 13 is included at the end of this chapter.
P.
Monuments.
(1)
Monuments shall be set on all right-of-way lines of roads at all
road intersections, angle points, points of curve and subdivision
corners or as required by the Town Highway Superintendent. There shall
be a clear foresight and backsight to adjacent monuments on the right-of-way
line or lines on which a monument is set.
(2)
Monuments shall be 36 inches long, five inches square at the top,
and shall have centered in the top a three-eighths-inch or one-half-inch
drill hole, a three-eighths-inch or one-half-inch steel rod slightly
protruding or some other permanent and satisfactory center mark. Monuments
shall be of cut granite free from imperfections or of concrete as
shown on Figure 14.[11]
[11]
Editor's Note: Figure 14 is included at the end of this chapter.
(3)
Monuments shall not be set before final grading has been completed,
nor shall they be set while frost is in the ground. They shall be
so set and tamped as to prevent settlement or shifting.
(4)
The applicant's engineer and/or licensed land surveyor shall
certify that the location of all monuments is accurate before acceptance
of the road by the Town Board.
Q.
Drainage easements.
(1)
The applicant shall obtain all drainage easements necessary to drain
water from all roads to be constructed. No road shall be accepted
for dedication unless all necessary drainage easements have been obtained.
(2)
Where permanent drainage easements between building lots (Figure
15[12]) are to be granted to the Town, the applicant must install
drainage pipe in said easements from the catch basin or ditch line
to a point opposite the rear of the houses on the adjoining lots or
for a distance of at least 100 feet, whichever distance is greater,
unless otherwise specified by the Planning Board. Drainage easements
must have a minimum width of 20 feet, which shall be provided for
in the approved subdivision plan.
[12]
Editor's Note: Figure 15 is included at the end of this chapter.
(3)
A deed or deeds for all required drainage easements, as shown on the subdivision and site plans and maps, and any other easements to drain water from the road, as required by the Town Superintendent of Highways, must be deposited with and approved by the Planning Board's Attorney prior to the signing of the subdivision map by the Chairman of the Planning Board or commencement of construction as part of the dedication in § 57-2 above. Said deed must be in such form as may be required to entitle the same to be recorded in the office of the Putnam County Clerk, and the filing fees must be paid by the applicant.
(4)
Utility easements. Where topography is such as to make impractical
the inclusion of utilities within the road rights-of-way, perpetual
unobstructed easements at least 20 feet in width shall be otherwise
provided with satisfactory access to the road. Wherever possible,
easements shall be continuous from block to block and shall present
as few irregularities as possible. Such easements shall be cleared
and graded where required.
R.
Open ditches.
(1)
With the approval of the Planning Board, open ditches may be used
in lieu of storm drainpipes when it is desirable to drain and dry
up the surrounding area.
(2)
Open ditches shall be constructed in accordance with Figure 16 of
this chapter,[13] but in no case shall the grade of an open ditch exceed
6%. Riprap shall consist of fieldstone or rough, unhewn quarry stones
as nearly cubical in form as is practicable, placed upon a slope not
steeper than 1:2 and so laid that the weight of the large stones is
carried by the soil and not by the stone adjacent. All stones shall
weigh 50 to 150 pounds each, and at least 60% of them shall weigh
more than 100 pounds each.
[13]
Editor's Note: Figure 16 is included at the end of this chapter.
(3)
The largest stones shall be placed first, roughly arranged and in
close contact. The spaces between the larger stones shall be filled
with spalls of suitable size.
(4)
Whenever a drainpipe enters an open ditch, the bottom and sides of
the ditch shall be riprapped for a distance of at least 30 feet beyond
the end of the pipe. Headwalls or flared end sections shall be provided
at the end of all drainage pipes. Headwalls shall be constructed in
accordance with Figure 17.[14]
[14]
Editor's Note: Figure 17 is included at the end of this chapter.
S.
House drains. Roof and cellar drains shall in no case be allowed
to flow onto the road right-of-way. With the written approval of the
Town Superintendent of Highways, these drains may be piped to the
road storm drainpipe to which they shall be connected on top only
with fittings designed for that purpose. Such drains must be installed
prior to the start of fine grading of the roads.
T.
Culs-de-sac.
(1)
Wherever a temporary or permanent dead-end is allowed on a subdivision
road, a turnaround shall be constructed. Permanent turnarounds shall
take the form of a circle as required by the Town Planning Board and
shall be constructed as shown on Figure 18, 19 or 20.[15] The temporary type of construction shall be used only
when authorized by the Town Planning Board because of the foreseeable
future extension of the road. The temporary turnaround shall be completely
paved as shown on Figure 19.
[15]
Editor's Note: Figures 18, 19 and 20 are included at
the end of this chapter.
(2)
In large subdivisions, where the work is to be constructed in phases,
temporary turnarounds shall be provided at the end of any dead-end
roads. Temporary turnarounds may also be required at the end of each
year's construction season to allow snow plows and other large
vehicles to easily maneuver.
(3)
The maximum length of a cul-de-sac shall be 800 feet from its intersection
with the center line of the adjoining road to the throat of the cul-de-sac.
(4)
The maximum number of lots that may be serviced by a cul-de-sac shall
be nine.
(5)
The turnaround shall be paved with the pavement having a minimum
radius of 48 feet.
(6)
A cul-de-sac shall not intersect or extend from another cul-de-sac.
V.
Grades and vertical curves.
(1)
Roads shall be so designed that finished tangent grades will not
be less than 1.0% or more than 10% for residential roads and 8% for
other roads.
(2)
Every change in grade shall be effected with a vertical curve of
sufficient length to ensure adequate stopping sight distance and to
provide for smooth transition. These vertical curves shall be designed
in accordance with the graph shown on Figure 12.[17]
[17]
Editor's Note: Figure 12 is included at the end of this chapter.
W.
Curve radii at road intersections. All road right-of-way lines at
intersections shall be rounded by curves of at least a twenty-foot
radius, and curbs shall be adjusted accordingly.
X.
Steep grades and curves; visibility at intersections. A combination
of steep grades and curves shall be avoided. In order to provide visibility
for traffic safety, that portion of any corner lot (whether at an
intersection entirely within the subdivision or of a new road with
an existing road) which is shown shaded on Sketch A shall be cleared
of all growth (except isolated trees) and obstructions to a minimum
height of three feet as measured above the center line of the road.
If directed, the ground shall be excavated to achieve visibility.
 |
Y.
Curve radii. In general, road lines within a block deflecting from
each other at any one point by more than 10° shall be connected
with a curve, the radius of which, for the center line of the road,
shall not be less than 400 feet on arterial roads or 200 feet on collector/commercial
roads and on local roads.
Z.
Guide rails.
(1)
In all fill sections where the difference in elevation between the
point of shoulder and the original ground surface exceeds four feet,
guide rails shall be erected. They shall conform to NYSDOT Specifications
for corrugated beam guide railing type, with steel posts. Approach
and terminal sections shall be buried below ground and anchored in
concrete. Guide rails shall be placed at least 12 inches behind curbs
and shoulders as shown on the approved plan. See Figure 23.[18]
[18]
Editor's Note: Figure 23 is included at the end of this chapter.
(2)
Wood guide rails. Wood guide rails shall be allowed only with approval
of the Planning Board upon recommendation of the Highway Superintendent
and shall comply with Figure 24.[19]
[19]
Editor's Note: Figure 24 is included at the end of this chapter.
AA.
Finished slopes. All slopes, except rock cuts, shall be covered with
four inches of topsoil and shall be seeded, mulched or otherwise planted
to provide a hardy cover and to prevent erosion.
BB.
Landscaping. Road landscaping shall consist of the planting of trees
and the construction of road furniture, where deemed appropriate,
and shall be in conformance with the following recommendations:
(1)
Trees.
(a)
Along all roads upon which any portion of a subdivision shall
front, one tree shall be planted in an appropriate location for each
35 feet of road frontage. In the case of heavily wooded lots that
may not require the planting of trees, said trees shall be planted
on less wooded lots of the subdivision. The final location of all
trees shall be shown on the approved landscaping plan of the subdivision.
(b)
All road trees shall be in conformance with the recommendations
of the Horticultural Standards of the American Nurserymen Association
and shall be balled, first-line nursery stock. The caliper of each
tree shall be a minimum of 2 1/2 inches as measured 12 inches
above the average finish grade of the area within five feet of the
planted tree.
(c)
Planting of all trees shall be in a properly prepared hole so
that the roots of the tree shall have six inches of topsoil below
the roots and extending six inches beyond all sides of the root spread.
A mulch consisting of two inches of peat moss, or the equivalent,
shall be applied to finish the bedding of the tree. All trees may
be planted at any time during the year, provided that the ground is
not frozen to the frost line and the tree has a minimum ball diameter
of 20 inches.
(d)
A one-year guarantee from the date of planting shall be required
to assure the quality and sturdiness of these trees.
(e)
The following tree schedule lists those trees which are acceptable
for road planting:
|
Tree Group
|
Botanical Name
|
Common Name
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Maple
|
Acer platanoides
|
Norway maple
| |
|
Maple
|
Acer rubrum
|
Red maple
| |
|
Maple
|
Acer saccharum
|
Sugar maple
| |
|
Maple
|
Acer x freemani
|
Freeman maple
| |
|
Oak
|
Quercus palustris
|
Pin oak
| |
|
Oak
|
Quercus borealis
|
Northern red oak
| |
|
Oak
|
Quercus coccinea
|
Scarlet red oak
| |
|
Elm
|
Ulmus americana
|
American elm
| |
|
Pear
|
Pyrus calleryana
|
Callery pear
| |
|
Plane
|
Platanus orientalis
|
Buttonwood
| |
|
Plane
|
Platanus x acerfolia
|
London plane
| |
|
Plane
|
Platanus occidentalis
|
Sycamore
| |
|
Linden
|
Tilia americana
|
American linden
| |
|
Linden
|
Tilia tomentosa
|
Silver linden
| |
|
Locust
|
Gleditsia triacanthos
|
Honey locust
| |
|
Locust
|
Robinia pseudoacacia
|
Black locust
| |
|
Soapberry
|
Aesculos x carnea
|
Red horse chestnut
| |
|
Birch
|
Alnus glutinosa
|
European alder
| |
|
Birch
|
Betula populifolia 'whitespire'
|
Whitespire birch
| |
|
Birch
|
Betula nigra
|
River birch
| |
|
Birch
|
Carpinus betulus
|
European hornbeam
| |
|
Ash
|
Fraxinus americana
|
White ash
| |
|
Gingko
|
Gingko biloba
|
Gingko (male only)
| |
|
Sweetgum
|
Liquidambar styraciflua
|
American sweetgum
| |
|
Magnolia
|
Liriodendron tulipifera
|
Tulip tree
| |
|
Cherry
|
Prunus sargentii
|
Sargent cherry
| |
|
Zelkova
|
Zelkova serrata
|
Japanese zelkova
| |
|
Katsura
|
Cercidiphyllum japanicum
|
Katsura tree
|
CC.
Additional requirements.
(1)
The entrance to the subdivision shall be completely finished to approval
stage, and a dust-settling material shall be applied to the gravel
surface of the roadway for a distance of 150 feet from the beginning
of the new road, within 30 days from the start of construction.
(2)
Before starting construction in the subdivision, the applicant shall
post a warning sign along the existing road on each side of the subdivision
entrance, at locations each approximately 200 feet from said entrance.
Signs shall read CAUTION — TRUCKS ENTERING and shall conform
to standards prescribed for the New York State highway system.
(3)
The applicant shall assume full responsibility for any damage to
Town property, such as Town roads, which may result from the construction
in and development of the subdivision. The applicant shall be responsible
for the repair or correction of such damages to the satisfaction of
the Town Superintendent of Highways or his authorized representative.
A.
All projects involving existing Town roads or the construction of
new roads, public or private, shall conform to this chapter. In general,
the proposed drainage system shall be adequate to prevent any increase
in the rate of surface water runoff or otherwise contribute to downstream
flooding during a storm of any magnitude up to and including a one-hundred-year
return frequency.
B.
Drainage methods and calculations shall be presented in a report for review by the Planning Board and the Town Superintendent of Highways. Drainage methods shall include measures for reducing quantity or stormwater runoff, and proposals to improve downstream drainagecourses and/or structures that are found to be deficient. If stormwater is being discharged into receiving watercourses, methods for reducing pollution shall also be addressed. A stormwater pollution prevention plan shall be prepared in conformance with the requirements of Chapter 66, Steep Slope Protection and Stormwater Management.
C.
The drainage system shall be sized to be large enough to accommodate
potential runoff from its entire upstream drainage area, whether inside
or outside the project area. The effects of the proposed drainage
system on the existing downstream drainage facilities shall also be
addressed in the drainage report. On-site drainage systems shall be
designed for the following levels of service:
D.
In addition to the above, storm drainage systems shall be designed
for any magnitude storm up to and including a one-hundred-year frequency
storm:
Whenever an applicant is to perform any work on Town roads,
traffic shall be maintained in accordance with the New York State
Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices, in a safe manner, during
work and evening hours until its final completion. Suitable safeguards,
to reduce conditions dangerous to life, limb and property to a minimum,
must be provided by the applicant throughout the construction period
and shall include flagmen when required by the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
A.
The applicant shall be responsible to conduct any compaction test
as may be required by the Highway Superintendent in order to assure
that all fill areas and trench backfills are properly compacted within
the requirements of these specifications. Copies of certified compaction
test reports shall be submitted to the Planning Board and the Town
Superintendent of Highways.
B.
Pressure tests, vacuum tests and other structural tests of buried
utilities within any proposed roadway shall be satisfactorily performed
prior to the placement of the roadway foundation base course.
A.
The Town Board may employ an engineering inspector or authorize the
Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized representative to inspect
the required improvements during construction to assure their satisfactory
completion, and the Town Board shall require a certificate from such
official, stating that all required improvements have been satisfactorily
completed. The applicant shall pay the Town the costs of inspection
before the subdivision plat is signed for filing.
B.
If the engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his
authorized representative finds, upon inspection, that any of the
required improvements have not been constructed in accordance with
the land development regulations and the approved construction plans,
the applicant and the bonding company shall be jointly and severally
liable for completing said improvements according to specifications.
C.
Road inspections.
(1)
In the case of a new road or a change in an existing road, the work
shall be inspected at the completion of each of the following four
stages of construction by the engineering inspector or the Town Highway
Superintendent or his duly authorized representative:
(a)
Cutting of brush and trees, removal of stumps and all topsoil
moved to roadside and stored; removal of any wet, unstable soil to
any depth required until suitable subsoil (35 pounds per square inch)
remains to form a firm base for a road bed.
(b)
Rough grading and installation of road base and drainage ditches;
culverts, headwalls, catch basins and other similar elements required
by the engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his
authorized representative not to be covered until examined by the
inspector.
(c)
Satisfactory pavement placed, crowned, rolled or compressed
on the road bed; covering of headwalls and culverts and finished grading
on shoulders and banks; placing of topsoil where necessary. The engineering
inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized representative
may require that test holes be dug in order to inspect pavement thickness
and type.
(d)
Paving, cleaning up of shoulders, seeding of banks and installation
of road signs.
(2)
Road construction and inspection shall be conducted in multiples
of 1,000 feet of road length. In certain instances, based on the dimensions
of the subdivision plat, the Planning Board may permit road construction
and inspection for distances less or greater than 1,000 feet.
D.
In order that these inspections may be made at the completion of
each stage of construction, as specified above, the applicant shall
notify the engineering inspector or Highway Superintendent or his
duly authorized representative of the times when required inspections
may be made. In general, inspections shall be made within two days
following the date of notification, excluding holidays and weekends.
No work shall proceed on the subsequent construction stage until the
prior stage has been completed to the satisfaction of the engineering
inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized representative.
Any violation of this procedure may result in a complete stoppage
of all construction by order of the Code Enforcement Officer at the
recommendation of the engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent
or his authorized representative.
E.
In order to facilitate the inspection procedure, all roads shall
be staked during construction at each side of the road right-of-way,
at intervals of approximately 50 feet, except where a shorter distance
is required on curves, and each stake shall be marked with the appropriate
station number consistent with the corresponding station number shown
on the construction plans.
F.
Written certification shall be made to the Town Board by the engineering
inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized representative
at the completion of the above-mentioned successive stages of work,
stating the date of each inspection and the fact that the work, when
inspected, was in accordance with the approved plans and specifications.
A copy of each of the notices of certification shall also be transmitted
to the Planning Board, the Town Highway Superintendent and the applicant.
A.
Upon completion of all improvements, the applicant shall notify the
engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized
representative and request a final inspection. Such request shall
be accompanied by one of the following:
B.
Either set of plans and plat shall show the actual location of the
required improvements as constructed. Specifically, such plan and
plat shall show:
(1)
The center line of the right-of-way.
(2)
The center line and edges of the traveled way at one-hundred-foot
intervals and at points of curvature and tangency.
(3)
Profiles of the finished surface of the traveled way at fifty-foot
intervals along the center line.
(4)
The locations of all catch basins and headwalls showing the elevations
of the top, the pipe invert and the sump invert.
(5)
The locations of all culvert pipes, with length, diameter and material.
(6)
The locations of culvert outlets and extent and size of riprap at
the discharge from said culverts.
(7)
The locations of paved gutters.
(8)
The center line and the edges of the traveled way at a turnabout,
the location of the center of the turnaround and the elevation of
the outer edges of the turnaround at each side and at the farthest
end.
(9)
The locations of edges of pavement returns at road intersections.
(10)
The locations of all utilities furnished either by the applicant
or by others.
(11)
The grades of all slopes along the road.
(12)
The amount of road crown by gutter and center line grades.
(13)
The locations of all monuments.
(14)
The locations of drainage easements.
C.
The submitted plan and plat shall bear a dated certification by a
licensed surveyor or professional engineer to the effect that the
data shown thereon was accurately determined by field survey. The
engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized
representative shall make his inspection and submit his report thereon
to the Town Board, the Planning Board, the Town Building Inspector,
the Town Highway Superintendent and the applicant. He shall include
the modified plans with his comments.
All roadways of any kind are to be properly signed and named
in accordance with all Town and 911 requirements.
