The off-street parking provisions of this chapter shall apply
to all buildings and structures erected after the effective date of
this chapter. Accessory parking shall be according to the provisions
of this article. Where an intensity of the use of any building structure
or premises shall be increased, additional parking to match the increased
intensity of use shall be provided, or wherever an existing building
or structure is converted to a new use, parking shall be provided
according to the requirements of the new use. All new nonresidential
parking lots and all alterations of existing lots shall be subject
to the approval of the Zoning Administrator. Requests for said parking
lots shall be accompanied with detailed plans on landscaping, parking
layout, drainage provisions and driveway locations. In all districts,
there shall be provided at the time any use or building is erected,
enlarged, extended, or increased off-street parking stalls for all
vehicles in accordance with the following:
A. Access. Each off-street parking space shall open directly upon an
aisle or driveway designed to provide safe and efficient means of
vehicular access to such parking space. All off-street parking facilities
shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a
street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic
movement.
B. Design standards. Each parking space shall not be less than 180 square
feet in area, 18 feet in length and 10 feet in width, exclusive of
aisles and access drives. No parking area of more than two spaces
shall be designed as to require any vehicle to back into a public
street. Any parking area of more than five spaces shall be sufficiently
screened in the form of a solid fence or shrubbery to protect adjacent
residential uses. Large expanses of unchanneled parking areas shall
be avoided by interior landscaping and safety islands.
C. Location.
(1) All parking spaces required herein shall be located on the same lot
with the building or use served, or may be located not to exceed 400
feet from the principal use.
(2) No parking stall or parking lot driveway, except in residential districts,
shall be closer than 25 feet to a residential district lot line or
a street line opposite a residential district, and no residential
driveway shall be closer than eight feet from any lot line except
on culs-de-sac.
(3) Off-street parking in the Single-Family and Two-Family Residence Districts is permitted in the front yard in the driveway, even though closer than five feet to a side lot line, providing the driveway conforms to the requirements in §§
236-1 and
236-2 of the Code of the City of Brodhead.
D. Surfacing. All off-street parking areas, except parking spaces accessory
to a single-family or two-family dwelling, shall be surfaced with
a dustless all-weather material capable of carrying a wheel load of
4,000 pounds (normally, a two-inch blacktop on a four-inch base or
five inches of portland cement will meet this requirement). Any parking
area for more than 10 vehicles shall have the aisles and spaces clearly
marked. Compacted stone or gravel may be used only with the approval
of the Plan Commission. All parking lots 3,000 square feet or larger
shall be internally drained with catch basins connected to a municipal
storm sewer.
E. Landscaping.
(1) Screening of parking areas. When a required off-street parking area
for six cars or more is located within, adjoining, or along a street
line opposite a residential district or adjoining a public right-of-way
in any district, there shall be a landscape barrier or fence of suitable
material of not less than 3 1/2 feet nor more than six feet in
height along such lot lines.
(2) Location. Location of landscape areas, plant materials and protection
afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance
by the property owner, shall be subject to approval by the Zoning
Administrator.
(3) Plans. All plans for such proposed parking areas, at the discretion
of the Zoning Administrator, shall include a topographic survey or
grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location
of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs and other
natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation
of the required minimum landscape area.
(4) Special residential requirements. Those parking areas for five or
more vehicles if adjoining a residential use shall be screened from
such use by a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent
visual density or other effective means, built and maintained at a
minimum height of four feet. Where a solidly constructed decorative
fence is provided along the interior lot line, the minimum setback
for the parking area shall be five feet from said lot line. Said fence
shall be located a minimum of one foot from the said lot line.
(5) Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any
kind shall be permitted in association with parking facilities provided
in residence districts.
(6) Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas
shall be shaded or diffused and be directed away from adjacent properties
and public streets in such a way as not to create a nuisance. However,
in no case shall such lighting exceed three footcandles measured at
the lot line.
(7) Street setback area. No parking shall be permitted between the street
right-of-way line and the building setback line prevailing in the
zone in which the proposed parking area is to be located. The resulting
open area shall be planted in grass or otherwise landscaped to create
a permanent green area.
F. Curbs. Curbs or barriers shall be installed a minimum of four feet
from a property line so as to prevent the parked vehicles from extending
over any lot lines.
G. Number of stalls. Number of parking stalls required are shown in
the following table:
|
Use
|
Minimum Parking Required
|
---|
|
Single-family dwellings, duplexes, one-bedroom apartments or
efficiencies and mobile homes
|
2 stalls for each dwelling unit
|
|
Multifamily dwellings (elderly housing exempted)
|
2 stalls for each dwelling unit
|
|
Bed-and-breakfast establishments
|
1 stall for each bed-and-breakfast room
|
|
Rest and nursing homes
|
1 stall for every 5 beds, plus 1 stall for every 3 employees
|
|
Hotels, motels
|
1 stall for each guest room, plus 1 stall for every 3 employees
|
|
Hospitals, clubs, lodges, lodging houses and boardinghouses
|
1 stall for every 2 beds, plus 1 stall for every 3 employees
|
|
Sanitariums, institutions, rest and nursing homes
|
1 stall for every 5 beds, plus 1 stall for every 3 employees
|
|
Medical and dental clinics
|
8 stalls for each practitioner on the staff
|
|
Churches, theaters, auditoriums, community centers, vocational
and night schools and other places of public assembly
|
1 stall for every 5 seats
|
|
Colleges, secondary and elementary schools
|
1 stall for each employee, plus 1 stall for each student automobile
permitted
|
|
Restaurants, bars, places of entertainment and clubs
|
1 stall for every 100 square feet of floor area
|
|
Manufacturing and processing plants, laboratories and warehouses
|
1 stall for every 3 employees, plus sufficient stalls to accommodate
all trucks and other vehicles used in connection with the business
|
|
Financial institutions, governmental and professional offices
|
1 stall for every 200 square feet of floor area, plus 1 stall
for every 2 employees
|
|
Funeral homes
|
1 stall for every 5 seats
|
|
Bowling centers
|
5 stalls for each lane
|
|
Retail stores and repair service shops
|
1 stall for every 150 square feet of floor area
|
|
Shopping centers
|
1 stall for every 100 square feet of floor area
|
H. Employee parking. In addition to the requirements in Subsection
G, in all districts, except industrial, there shall be employee off-street parking provided at the ratio of one off-street parking space for each full-time employee unless otherwise specified. A "full-time employee" shall be one working 40 hours per week. Required parking spaces for part-time employees shall be arrived at by finding the equivalent hours of number of parking spaces needed for full-time employees based on hours worked. The number of employee parking spaces shall be based on employment at the time the building is erected, enlarged, structurally altered or changed to a higher classification use.
I. Uses not listed. In the case of structures or uses not mentioned,
the provision for a use which is similar shall apply, as determined
by the Zoning Administrator.
J. Computing requirements. In computing the number of spaces required,
the following rules shall govern:
(1) "Floor space" shall mean the gross floor area of the specific use.
(2) For structures containing more than one use, the required number
of spaces shall be computed by adding the space required for each
use.
(3) Parking spaces are calculated according to the use of the parcel.
K. Combined uses. Combinations of any of the above uses shall provide
the total of the number of stalls required for each individual use.
Two or more uses may provide required off-street parking spaces in
a common parking facility less than the sum of the spaces required
for each use individually, provided such uses are not operated during
the same hours. The following conditions must be met for any joint
use:
(1) The proposed joint parking space is within 400 feet of the use it
will serve.
(2) The applicant shall show that there is no substantial conflict in
the principal operating hours of the two buildings or uses for which
joint use of off-street parking facilities is proposed.
(3) A properly drawn legal instrument approved by the Common Council,
executed by the parties concerned, for joint use of off-street parking
facilities shall be filed with the City Clerk-Treasurer. Said instrument
may be a three-party agreement, including the City and all private
parties involved. Such instrument shall first be approved by the City
Attorney.
L. Handicapped parking requirements. In addition to any other requirements
relating to parking spaces contained in this Code, the provisions
contained in §§ 101.13, 346.503 and 346.56, Wis. Stats.,
and any Wisconsin Administrative Code sections adopted pursuant thereto
are hereby adopted by reference and made applicable to all parking
facilities whenever constructed.
M. Changes in buildings or use. Whenever a building or use is changed,
structurally altered or enlarged to create a need for an increase
of 25% or more in the number of existing parking spaces, such spaces
shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change. Whenever
a building or use is enlarged to the extent of 50% or more in the
floor area, said building or use shall then comply with the parking
requirements set forth in the district in which it is located.
N. Off-lot parking.
(1) Required off-street parking spaces shall be located on the same lot
with the principal use, or such parking spaces may be located off
lot, provided the parking spaces are located in the same district
and not over 400 feet from the principal use. In cases where off-street
parking facilities are permitted on land other than the same lot as
the principal use, such facilities shall be in the same possession
as the lot occupied by the use to which the parking facilities are
necessary or in the possession of the controller of the principal
use to which the parking facilities are accessory. Such possession
shall be by deed whereby the owner of the land on which the parking
facilities are to be located shall be bound by a covenant filed and
recorded in the appropriate county register of deeds office requiring
such owner, his heirs or assigns to maintain the required facilities
for the duration of the use served.
(2) Off-lot parking spaces for residential uses shall be within 250 feet
of the principal entrance or the entrance for the individual occupants
for whom the spaces are reserved while the farthest portions of a
parking lot for all other uses shall be within 400 feet of the entrance
of the establishment.
(3) Accessory parking may be located in residential districts, provided
that said lots or property are immediately adjacent to a commercial,
business or industrial zoning district.
(4) All off-street parking lots adjoining lots zoned for residential
use shall have a minimum setback of 10 feet from any interior lot
line, except if the adjoining lot is used for legally conforming parking
purposes.
O. Signs. Signs located in parking areas necessary for orderly operation
of traffic movement shall be permitted in addition to others permitted
in this chapter.
P. Reduction of parking areas. Off-street parking spaces shall not be
reduced in number unless said number exceeds the requirement set forth
herein.