[Ord. No. 02-01 Part I §1, 4-1-2004; Ord. No. 06-02 Part I §1, 1-26-2006; Ord. No. 06-08 Part I §1, 3-23-2006; Ord. No. 06-11 Part I §1, 5-4-2006; Ord. No. 06-14 Part I §1, 7-13-2006; Ord. No. 07-01 Part I §1, 2-1-2007; Ord. No. 07-02 Part I §1, 3-15-2007; Ord. No. 08-03 Part D §1, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §1, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §1, 10-2-2008]
"Maintenance" is defined as the preservation
and upkeep of a road or street, including all of its elements, in
a condition as near as is practical to the original constructed condition.
[Ord. No. 02-01 Part I §2, 4-1-2004; Ord. No. 06-02 Part I §2, 1-26-2006; Ord. No. 06-08 Part I §2, 3-23-2006; Ord. No. 06-11 Part I §2, 5-4-2006; Ord. No. 06-14 Part I §2, 7-13-2006; Ord. No. 07-01 Part I §2, 2-1-2007; Ord. No. 07-02 Part I §2, 3-15-2007; Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §2, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §2, 10-2-2008]
Routine maintenance funds shall be used only for the restoration
and repair of the travel way to the safe and usable condition to which
it was constructed and for limited roadside maintenance such as mowing
the shoulders of the road, cutting brush, filling shoulder washes,
cleaning ditches and backfilling small slides or washouts.
[Ord. No. 02-01 Part I §3, 4-1-2004; Ord. No. 06-02 Part I §3, 1-26-2006; Ord. No. 06-08 Part I §3, 3-23-2006; Ord. No. 06-11 Part I §3, 5-4-2006; Ord. No. 06-14 Part I §3, 7-13-2006; Ord. No. 07-01 Part I §3, 2-1-2007; Ord. No. 07-02 Part I §3, 3-15-2007; Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §3, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §3, 10-2-2008]
A.
The
following routine maintenance operations, replacements and minor additions,
although not all inclusive, are considered to be physical maintenance.
1.
Roadway surfaces.
a.
Scarifying, reshaping and restoring material losses.
b.
Applying dust palliatives.
c.
Patching, repairing, surface treating, joint filling and mud jacking
on bituminous or concrete surfaces.
d.
Resurfacing of concrete or bituminous pavements with bituminous material.
e.
Replacement of traveled way and shoulder.
f.
Replacement of unsuitable base materials in patching operations.
B.
No
persons other than adjacent property owners shall be allowed to perform
brush control operations on road right-of-way along properties other
than their own only with the express written permission of the adjacent
property owner(s) and issuance of a permit by the Road and Bridge
Department.
[Ord. No. 06-14 Part I §4, 7-13-2006; Ord. No. 07-01 Part I §4, 2-1-2007; Ord. No. 07-02 Part I §4, 3-15-2007; Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §4, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §4, 10-2-2008]
A.
Safety
improvements to the roadside have been emphasized in order to reduce
the number and severity of run-off-the-road accidents. One (1) of
the best ways to approach roadside safety is to establish a realistic
clear zone criterion and then consistently apply it.
B.
The
clear zones should be as wide as possible and free of potentially
hazardous features or elements. A roadside feature is considered potentially
hazardous when it can cause a vehicle to abruptly stop, cause an object
to penetrate the passenger compartment.
C.
Utilities
poles and culvert ends can be located at the back edge of the right-of-way.
1.
Under normal conditions it will be the goal of the County to mow
the shoulders along all County routes with A.D.T. of at least four
hundred (400) vpd once or twice per year to maintain traffic safety.
2.
The critical areas for traffic safety at the crests of hills and
adjacent to side roads will be mowed more frequently. These shoulder
areas should be mowed for a width of eight (8) feet from the edge
of road and a distance of two hundred (200) feet on both sides of
a hillcrest or a side road.
3.
As an alternate, the County may consider treating critical areas
with growth retardant or seeding of short growth grasses or plants.
4.
The County will encourage the local property owners to mow their
respective right-of-way areas (as required within municipalities).
[1]
Editor's Note — Ord. no. 06-14 part I, adopted July
13, 2006, repealed section 510.340 "brush/vegetation control —
major road improvements" and enacted new provisions set out herein.
Former section 510.340 derived from ord. no. 02-01 Part I §4,
4-1-2004; ord. no. 06-02 Part I §4, 1-26-2006; ord. no. 06-08
Part I §4, 3-23-2006; ord. no. 06-11 Part I §4, 5-4-2006.
[Ord. No. 06-14 Part I §5, 7-13-2006; Ord. No. 07-01 Part I §5, 2-1-2007; Ord. No. 07-02 Part I §5, 3-15-2007; Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §5, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §5, 10-2-2008]
A.
Regulations.
1.
No mailbox or newspaper delivery box (hereafter referred to as mailbox)
will be allowed to exist on Cass County rights-of-way if it interferes
with the safety of the traveling public or the function, maintenance
or operation of the highway system. A mailbox installation that does
not conform to the provisions of the regulation is an unauthorized
encroachment under State Code Section 229.030.
2.
The location and construction of mailboxes shall conform to the rules
and regulations of the U.S. Postal Service as well as to standards
established by Cass County. Cass County standards for the location
and construction of mailboxes are available from:
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Cass County Road and Bridge Department
102 East Wall
Harrisonville, Missouri 64701
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3.
Mailbox installation that conforms to the following criteria will
be considered acceptable unless in the judgment of the Cass County
Road and Bridge Department the installation interferes with the safety
of the traveling public or the function, maintenance or operation
of the highway system.
B.
Location.
1.
No mailbox will be permitted where access is obtained from the lanes
of a freeway or where law or regulation otherwise prohibits access.
2.
Mailboxes shall be located on the right-hand side of the roadway
in the direction of the delivery route. The bottom of the box shall
be set at an elevation established by the U.S. Postal Service, usually
between three (3) feet six (6) inches and four (4) feet above the
roadway service. The roadside face of the box shall be offset from
the edge of the traveled way a minimum distance of the greater of
the following:
a.
Eight (8) feet (where no paved shoulder exists), the width of the
all-weather shoulder presents plus eight (8) to twelve (12) inches.
b.
Exceptions to the lateral placement criteria above will exist on
residential streets and certain designated rural roads where Cass
County deems it in the public interest to permit lesser clearances
or to require greater clearance.
c.
On curbed streets, the roadside face of the mailbox shall be set
back from the face of curb a distance between six (6) to twelve (12)
inches.
d.
On residential streets without curbs or all-weather shoulders and
that carry low-traffic volumes operating at low speeds, the roadside
face of a mailbox shall be offset between eight (8) and twelve (12)
inches behind the edge of pavement.
e.
On very low-volume rural roads with low-operating speeds, Cass County
may find it acceptable to place mailboxes a minimum of twelve (12)
feet from the traveled ways.
3.
Where a mailbox is located at a driveway entrance, it shall be placed
on the either side of the driveway in the direction of the delivery
route.
4.
Where a mailbox is located at an intersecting road, it shall be located
a minimum of one hundred (100) feet beyond the center of the intersecting
road in the direction of the delivery route. This distance shall be
increased to two hundred (200) feet when the average daily traffic
on the intersecting road exceeds four hundred (400) vehicles per day.
C.
Structure.
1.
Mailboxes shall be of light sheet metal or plastic construction conforming
to the requirements of the U.S. Postal Service. Newspaper delivery
boxes shall be of light sheet metal or plastic construction of minimum
dimensions suitable for holding a newspaper.
2.
No more than two (2) mailboxes may be mounted on a support structure
unless the support structure and mailbox arrangements have been shown
to be safe by crash testing. However, lightweight newspaper boxes
may be mounted below the mailbox on the side of the mailbox support.
3.
A single four (4) inch by four (4) inch or four and one-half (4½)
inch diameter wooden post or a metal post with a strength no greater
than a two (2) inch diameter standard strength steel pipe and embedded
no more than twenty-four (24) inches into the ground will be acceptable
as a mailbox support. A metal post shall not be fitted with an anchor
plate, but it may have an anti-twist device that extends not more
than ten (10) inches below the ground surface.
4.
The post-to-box attachment details should be of sufficient strength
to prevent the box from separating from the post top if a vehicle
strikes the installation.
5.
The minimum spacing between the centers of support posts shall be
three-fourths (¾) the height of the posts above the ground
line.
6.
Mailbox support designs not described in this regulation will be
acceptable if approved by the Cass County Road and Bridge Department.
D.
Shoulder And Parking Area Construction. It will be the responsibility
of the postal patron to inform Cass County of any new or existing
mailbox installation where shoulder construction is inadequate to
permit all-weather vehicular access to the mailbox.
E.
Removal Of Non-Conforming Or Unsafe Mailboxes. The postal
patron upon notification by the Cass County Road and Bridge Department
shall remove any mailbox that is found to violate the intent of this
regulation. At the discretion of the Cass County Road and Bridge Department
based on an assessment of hazard to the public, the patron will be
granted not less than twenty-four (24) hours nor more than thirty
(30) days to remove an unacceptable mailbox. After the specified removal
period has expired, the unacceptable mailbox will be removed by Cass
County at the postal patron's expense.
[Ord. No. 08-03 Part I §6, 7-1-2008; Ord. No. 08-05 Part I §6, 10-2-2008]
Clear Zones. Table 9 outlines the recommended
clear zone distances in feet. Figure 8 displays a typical cross section
showing the clear zone. A basic understanding of the clear zone concept
is critical to its proper application. The data presented in Table
9 is based on limited empirical data which has been extrapolated to
provide data for a wide range of conditions. Thus, the numbers presented
in Table 9 represent a reasonable measure of the degree of safety
suggested for a particular roadside; but they are neither absolute
nor precise. In some cases, it is reasonable to leave a fixed object
within the clear zone; in other instances, an object beyond the clear
zone may require removal or shielding. Use of an appropriate clear
zone distance amounts to a compromise between maximum safety and minimum
construction costs. Appropriate application of the clear zone concept
will often result in more than one (1) possible solution.
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Table 9 Clear Zone Distances (in feet from edge
of driving surface)
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Design Speed
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Design ADT
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Fill Slopes
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Cut Slopes
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1:6 or flatter
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1:5 to 1:4
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1:3
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1:3
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1:5 to 1:4
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1:6 or flatter
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35 mph
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Under 750
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7 to 10
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7 to 10
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note
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7 to 10
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7 to 10
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7 to 10
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Or
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750 — 1,500
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10 to 12
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12 to 15
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note
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10 to 12
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10 to 12
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10 to 12
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Less
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1,500 —.6,000
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12 to 15
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15 to 17
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note
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12 to 15
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12 to 15
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12 to 15
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45 mph
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Under 750
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10 to 12
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12 to 15
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note
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9 to 10
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9 to 10
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10 to 12
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Or
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750 — 1,500
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15 to 17
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17 to 20
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note
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10 to 12
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12 to 15
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15 to 17
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Less
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1,500 — 6,000
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17 to 18
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20 to 27
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note
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12 to 15
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15 to 17
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17 to 18
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Note: Since recovery is less likely on the unshielded, traversable
1:3 slope, fixed objects should not be present in the vicinity of
the toe of these slopes
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A common consideration of the clear zone application as it applies
to a rural area is what to do in a heavily forested area. As stated
previously, a use of an appropriate clear zone distance amounts to
a compromise between maximum safety and minimum construction costs.
The Roadside Design Guide (AASHTO, January 1996) provides some guidance
as to this type of situation. Under a situation where the available
clear zone distance is less than the recommended recovery area, a
review of accident data may provide guidance on the appropriate action
that should be taken. When an area has a significant number of run-off-the-road
accidents, it may be appropriate to consider shielding or removing
the entire row of trees, or other objects, within the accident area.
If a section of road consistently has the recommended clear zone distance,
then one (1) isolated tree located within the clear zone could represent
a more significant hazard and should be considered for removal. Again,
the clear zone distance is an approximate number at best and individual
objects should be analyzed in relation to other nearby obstacles.
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Table 8 Typical Cross Section Source Roadside Design,
AASHTO Jan. 1996
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