[Adopted by Ord. No. 5-9-66A]
[Amended by Ord. No. 8-11-69E]
58.1.1.
The official paving, drainage and sewering standards of the Municipality
of Bethel Park be and the same are hereby adopted as shown on the
paving, drainage and sewering standards revised by the Department
of Public Works of the Municipality of Bethel Park by Drawing No.
E68-7-1D. A copy of same is attached hereto, made part hereof and
marked Exhibit "A".[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Copies of Exhibit "A" are available for
inspection in the Municipal Offices.
58.2.1.
Any ordinance or part of ordinance conflicting with the provisions
of this ordinance be and the same is hereby repealed to the extent
of such conflict.
[Adopted by Ord. No. 11-13-56F]
58.3.1.
This ordinance shall be known and designated as the Public Sanitary
Sewer Ordinance. The following regulations have been drafted and adopted
by the Council of the Municipality of Bethel Park to establish standards
generally for the design, construction, maintenance and protection
of sanitary sewers. They have been drafted not only for the purposes
of the municipality generally, and for the Municipal Authority of
the Municipality of Bethel Park, but also for the guidance of property
owners and subdivision developers in excavating for, constructing
and laying sanitary sewers and other sewage facilities. Reference
is made to a Booklet of Plans and Specifications for the construction
and laying of sewers and construction of manholes, under date of April
1953, revised March 1956, which is on file at the office of the Municipality
Secretary, and also at the office of the Secretary of the Authority
of the Municipality of Bethel Park. The plans and specifications in
said booklet explain and visualize the verbal description of said
plans and specifications contained herein.
58.4.1.
AUTHORITY — Shall mean the Municipal Authority of the Municipality
of Bethel Park heretofore created by the Council of the Municipality
of Bethel Park, by Ordinance No. 35-7-50.
58.4.2.
SEWAGE WORKS — Shall mean all facilities for collecting, transporting,
pumping, treating and disposing of sewage.
58.4.3.
INSPECTOR — Shall mean the person appointed by the Municipality
of Bethel Park to inspect sewage works, including both public and
semipublic sewers, and including also inspection of building sewers
and all other connections between occupied homes and other buildings
and public sewers.
58.4.4.
SUPERINTENDENT — Shall mean the Superintendent of Sewage Works
of the Municipality of Bethel Park or his authorized deputy, agent
or representative. He shall be appointed by the Municipality of Bethel
Park as soon as the operation of sewage disposal plant or plants is
begun.
58.4.5.
SEWAGE — Shall mean a combination of the water-carried wastes
from the residences, business and commercial buildings, apartments,
institutions and industrial establishments.
58.4.6.
SEWER — Shall mean a pipe or conduit for carrying sewage.
58.4.7.
PUBLIC SEWER — Shall mean a sewer in which all owners of abutting
properties have equal rights, and is controlled by public authority.
58.4.8.
SANITARY SEWER — Shall mean a sewer which carries sewage and
to which storm, surface and ground waters are not intentionally admitted.
58.4.9.
PUBLIC SANITARY SEWER — Shall mean a sanitary sewer which has
been constructed and is owned by the Municipality of Bethel Park or
constructed and is owned by the Municipal Authority of the Municipality
of Bethel Park, or has been constructed by private parties and has
been accepted by the Municipality of Bethel Park or the Municipal
Authority of the Municipality of Bethel Park as a sanitary sewer.
58.4.10.
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT or SEWAGE TREATMENT WORKS — Shall
mean any arrangement or devices and structures used for treating sewage.
58.4.11.
STORM SEWER or STORM DRAIN — Shall mean a sewer which
carries storm and surface waters and drainage, but excludes sewage
and polluted industrial wastes.
58.4.12.
INDUSTRIAL WASTES — Shall mean the liquid wastes from
industrial processes as distinct from sanitary sewage.
58.4.13.
GARBAGE — Shall mean solid food wastes from the preparation,
cooking and dispensing of food, and from the handling, storage and
sale of produce.
58.4.14.
PROPERLY SHREDDED GARBAGE — Shall mean the wastes from
the preparation, cooking, and dispensing of food that has been shredded
to such degree that all particles will be carried freely under the
flow conditions normally prevailing in public sewers, with no particle
greater than 1/2 inch in dimension.
58.4.15.
BUILDING DRAIN — Shall mean that part of the lowest horizontal
piping of a drainage system which receives the sewage or discharge
from soil, waste and other drainage pipes, inside the walls of the
building and conveys it to the building sewer, beginning five feet
outside the inner face of the building wall.
58.4.16.
BUILDING SEWER — Shall mean the extension from the building
drain to the public sewer or other place of disposal.
58.4.17.
B.O.D. (denoting biochemical oxygen demand) — Shall mean
the quantity of oxygen utilized in the biochemical oxidation of organic
matter under standard laboratory procedure in five days at 20°
C., expressed in parts per million by weight.
58.4.18.
pH — Shall mean the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
weight of hydrogen ions in grams per liter of solution. [The pH of
a liquid is the measurement of the alkalinity or acidity of that liquid.
A pH of 7.0 is considered neutral, with a pH above 7.0 being alkaline
and a pH below 7.0 being acid]
58.4.19.
SUSPENDED SOLIDS — Shall mean solids that either float
on the surface of, or are in suspension in water, sewage, or other
liquids, and which are removable by laboratory filtering.
58.4.20.
NATURAL OUTLET — Shall mean any outlet directly or indirectly
into a watercourse, pond, gutter, ditch, lake or other body of surface
or ground water.
58.4.21.
WATERCOURSE — Shall mean a channel in which a flow of
water occurs, either continuously or intermittently.
58.4.22.
PERSON — Shall mean any individual, firm, company, association,
society, corporation or group.
58.4.23.
SHALL — Is mandatory; MAY — Is permissive.
58.4.24.
DEVELOPER — Shall mean, for the purposes of this ordinance,
any person or persons, firm, corporation or property owner who erects
and builds, or causes to be erected or built one or more buildings
houses or dwellings on one or more lots or tracts of land, and in
connection with said building operation provides or causes to be provided
streets or other facilities.
58.4.25.
SEMIPUBLIC SANITARY SEWER — Shall mean a sanitary sewer
constructed and laid by a developer in accordance with the provisions
of this ordinance and other ordinances of the Municipality of Bethel
Park relating to sewers with the intent that the said sanitary sewer
shall eventually become a part of the public sewer system, but the
responsibility for laying, construction and maintenance of said sanitary
sewer and the disposal of sewage therefrom still remains with the
developer or other private persons.
58.5.1.
In areas where sanitary public sewers have been made available, no
person, persons, firms, corporations, property owners or developers
shall hereafter develop any lot or tract of land in the Municipality
of Bethel Park without installing sanitary sewers as a part of said
development and in compliance with the terms and conditions of this
ordinance.
58.5.2.
Hereafter no person or persons, firms, property owners or developers
shall excavate for, construct, install, lay or use any sanitary sewers
anywhere within the Municipality of Bethel Park without compliance
with this ordinance.
58.5.3.
Before any collecting or other sewers are constructed by any property
owner or subdivision developer, complete sets of plans and specifications
and engineering data of the proposed installation shall be delivered
in sextuplet to the Municipal Authority of the Municipality of Bethel
Park, for their approval, if such construction is performed on a project
prior to the leasing of the project by the Authority to the Municipality
of Bethel Park. Following the leasing by the Authority to the Municipality
of Bethel Park, complete sets of plans and specifications and engineering
data of the proposed installation shall be delivered in sextuplet
to the Municipality of Bethel Park for its approval. Such data shall
in all ways conform to the present or future requirements of the Pennsylvania
Department of Health and the Sanitary Water Board. They shall be prepared,
signed, and sealed by a registered professional engineer legally qualified
to practice in Pennsylvania, whose work and experience is satisfactory
to the Department of Health and Sanitary Water Board. The Municipality
of Bethel Park or Authority will present such plans to the above department
for approval, and it will be necessary that the applicant pay the
necessary filing fee charged by the Department of Health and which
is required to accompany the application for the permit. At the present
time this charge is $25 for each permit. Any corrections or revisions
in the plans shall be made as required by the Department of Health,
and after the permit is granted, all construction shall be strictly
in accordance with such plans and specifications.
58.5.4.
Plans and engineering data intended to be submitted to the Municipality
of Bethel Park or Authority shall be prepared on sheets 24 by 36 inches
in size with 1/2 inch border on the top, bottom and right-hand edge,
and a 1 1/2 inch border on the left-hand edge for binding. A
three-by-five title box shall be located in the lower right-hand corner.
The name of the professional engineer who prepared the plans, his
signature and his seal will appear near the title box. This engineer
shall hereinafter be referred to as the Engineer.
58.5.5.
The plan of the entire subdivision showing the complete sanitary
sewer layout shall be accurately presented, together with a carefully
prepared profile of the individual sewers showing the ground surface,
the proposed street grades and the elevations of the flow line of
the manholes. All elevations shall conform to the United States Government
Sandy Hook datum and each subdivision shall have a permanent bench
mark established in the convenient central location.
58.6.1.
Velocity of flow. No sewers shall be laid on a grade such that the
mean velocity of flow when full or half full is less than two feet
per second when using Kutter's or Manning's formula with
a roughness coefficient of N = .013.
58.6.2.
Sewer capacities. In the design of the system, the capacity of the
sewers, both collecting and transportation, which in the future will
be installed by property owners or owners of subdivisions should conform
to and adhere to the following. The minimum size collecting sewer
to be used shall be eight-inch diameter, using salt-glazed vitrified
clay pipe or approved equal, and the minimum grade for this size sewer
shall be 0.4 foot per one-hundred-foot length. An eight-inch sewer
on this minimum grade shall not have attached to it more than 240
single houses or equivalent population for apartment houses, commercial
establishments, industrial or other type usage. Each apartment shall
be considered the equivalent of single house. Commercial establishments
shall be rated on the basis of the amount of sewage contributed equivalent
to the discharge from a single-family house or 450 gallons per 24
hours. Where this condition is exceeded, larger sewers at adequate
grades shall be supplied as may be required by the Authority.
58.6.3.
Tightness. All sewers shall be constructed watertight and shall be
tested before connection into the sewers, and will not be acceptable
if there is a greater leakage than the equivalent of 10,000 gallons
of water per day per mile of sewer, including manholes proportioned
to the length of sewer installed. Manholes shall be placed on all
sewers at junctions and at each change in grade or alignment, and
in straight lines on sewers up to 15 inches in diameter at intervals
of not more than 400 feet.
58.6.4.
Test for watertightness. Before the sewer will be accepted and can
be attached to deliver sewage to the sewerage system, it shall be
tested by the Engineer of the subdivision or property owner, who shall
certify that it has passed the required tests as set forth stating
the amount of leakage observed during the test. Such statement shall
be forwarded to the Municipality of Bethel Park or Authority in triplicate
and must be attested by a notary public.
58.7.1.
All sewers shall be laid to exact line and grade showing a full circle
of light from manhole to manhole. The pipe shall be adequately bedded
so as to prevent any settling or cracking. Where the depth of trench
is excessive, the pipe shall be adequately cradled. All backfill shall
be adequately tamped in place within the pipe zone, which shall extend
not less than one foot above the crown of the pipe. Where sewers are
laid in streets, the backfill shall be adequately and thoroughly compacted
for the entire depth of the trench. All manholes shall have channels
in the bottom extending up to the center of the outlet, and shall
be so constructed as to smoothly and evenly divert the sewage into
the outlet of the manhole. Manholes shall be equipped with ladder
bars of durable material and so protected to have a long and adequate
life. Cast-iron covers shall be used of a type and size meeting the
standard requirements of the Authority. All manholes shall be watertight
and shall be thoroughly plastered outside to accomplish this end.
58.8.1.
Where construction conditions or locations of sewers are such that
standard construction is not adequate, special construction shall
be used which will meet the requirements of the Authority, its Engineer
and the Department of Health. Should the sewers cross rights-of-way
of public utilities, the construction shall be made in accordance
with the requirements of the Authority owning or operating that utility.
58.8.2.
Where the contractor lays sewers across, along or through rights-of-way,
roadways, etc., belonging to the state, County, municipality or township,
the regulations and stipulations set up and required for those owners
shall be observed, and all work shall be in conformance with the requirements
set forth by that said owner.
58.8.3.
The contractor is warned that at certain locations where his construction
is to be performed there may be existing under ground or concealed
structures, mainly utility mains and services, and in some cases drainage,
storm and other pipe lines, conduits, etc. Before the contractor begins
excavation on any work, he shall ascertain from the public utility
companies supplying the residences of the municipality as to whether
they have any mains or services in the location he proposes to perform
his work, and to obtain as near as possible the locations of the same
so that he may protect them from damage. Failure on the part of the
contractor to protect any such concealed structures during his operations
shall impose the requirement upon him to restore and put back into
good condition any such structures damaged. This shall be done in
a manner satisfactory to the authority owning or having jurisdiction
over the structure.
58.9.1.
Clearing and grubbing shall consist of the removal of all trees,
brush and other vegetation and old structures or obstructions from
the site of the work, which will be required to be removed so that
the planned construction may be made. All live trees shall be protected
and not removed unless permitted or ordered by the Engineer. Where
existing major structures are to be removed, the work to be performed
is described in the detail specifications which shall be prepared
by the engineer. All brush or other disposable matter shall be burned.
All work under this heading shall be done sufficiently ahead of topsoil
removal and excavation so as not to interfere with those operations.
The contractor shall remove stumps and large roots and refill the
depressions with suitable earth fill compacted as outlined under the
various types of backfill. Clearing and grubbing shall be considered
as a part of the work done under general excavation, unless otherwise
covered in the detail specifications.
58.9.2.
Before beginning of the general excavation, all topsoil over the
areas of the site where general excavation is to be done; fill to
made; or the storage of excavation is to be made, shall be stripped
off to the depth determined by the Engineer, or usually about a depth
of eight inches, and shall be stored until construction is completed
and backfill is made. The topsoil shall then be replaced as the upper
layer of backfill to a depth of not less than six inches, and leveled
to an even grade so that the final grade shall be required by the
plans.
58.10.1.
Sewer lines are to be laid in trenches with cover as specified
on the plans or called for or as is necessary to secure proper alignment.
Bell holes must be excavated around all joints, and trenches must
be of a sufficient width to permit a thorough caulking of the joints
and inspection of the work. Care must be taken in excavating the bottom
of the trench to secure a uniform grade so that the pipe can rest
upon it throughout its entire length. The bottom of the trench should
be excavated so as to conform to the curvature of the pipe and afford
good bearing surface, and, to this end, machine work shall be permitted
to no greater depth than 2/3 the diameter of the pipe below the crown
elevation of the pipe. Contractor shall excavate all bell holes before
lowering the pipe into the trench. Where rock is encountered, the
excavation shall be carried below the bottom of the pipe for a distance
of six inches, which shall be backfilled with earth or clay well tamped
to proper grade. Surplus materials shall be disposed of as directed.
No more than 400 feet of open trench shall be permitted at any time.
58.10.2.
Where the contractor passes through areas which are cultivated
or grassed, he shall remove all topsoil first before performing his
trench work, depositing such topsoil carefully so that it may be used
as the final backfilling of the trench for restoration of final grade.
The trench shall be brought to the proper shape by trimming with suitable
tools to lines stretched between the outside of the pipe and template.
When excavation work is done under unit price items, pavement lines
shall be as to depth, the amount required to adequately bed the pipe
of a firm foundation and as to width, the diameter of the pipe, for
pipes up to twenty-four-inch diameter plus 18 inches, and for pipes
24 inches and over in diameter the diameter plus twice the wall thickness
of the pipe plus two feet for depths of trench up to six feet above
the outside bottom of the pipe. The width of the trench shall be increased
18 inches for each six feet of extra depth above six feet to provide
for sheeting and bracing. Any excavation for cradle shall be included.
58.10.3.
Materials excavated from trenches shall be deposited or stored
on the side of the trench furthest from the road metal or pavement
in such manner that there will be in interference with the flow of
water in any gutter, drain pipe, culvert, ditch or waterway, unless
the contractor is specifically permitted to do otherwise by both the
public authority having jurisdiction over the highway and the Engineer.
When excavated materials are deposited on or along a public high way,
the contractor shall protect the traveling public by placing watchmen,
warning signals, or both, as required. During the time trenches are
open, the contractor shall provide and maintain free access to all
adjacent properties. All excess excavation shall be immediately removed
from the right-of-way.
58.10.4.
Where necessary, the trench shall be provided with sheeting
properly braced to protect the lives of the labor employed on the
work and property adjoining the trench. In any case, the contractor
shall provide sheeting and bracing in all trenches six feet or more
in depth, and in accordance with state and municipal regulations.
The width of the trench shall be sufficient to permit ample space
for the workmen to construct the sewers in an efficient manner, and
additional space shall be provided where required for sheeting, bracing
and equipment. Sheeting, where used, shall not be removed before first
securing the permission of the Engineer. When sheeting is removed,
contractor shall assume full responsibility for any damage to structures,
property, etc., arising from failure to leave in place a sufficient
amount of sheeting and bracing. The contractor is warned there where
other underground structures such as power, telephone, gas, water,
sewer or other services are located, care shall be taken to determine
their locations and protect them from damage. However, should any
such structures or services be damaged, they shall be repaired or
replaced in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer or the owners of
such structures. All necessary sheeting and shoring shall be provided
to protect these structures and on all ditches six feet or over in
depth, or as may be required by state or municipal regulations for
the protection of workmen. Material used for the repair or replacement
of any damaged structures shall be similar to that of the existing
structure. All cost of repair or replacement shall be borne by the
contractor, unless otherwise provided for by the detail specification.
58.11.1.
Selected backfill material free from rock or boulders shall
be deposited in the trench simultaneously on both sides of the pipe
for the full width of the trench, in layers, and to an elevation of
at least one foot above the top of all pipe, leaving the joints exposed
for examination during the pressure test. The backfill material shall
be moistened if necessary, tamped in thin (maximum four-inch) layers,
and thoroughly compacted under and on each side of the pipe to provide
solid backing against the external surface of the pipe.
58.11.2.
Succeeding layers of backfill may contain coarser materials,
and shall be compacted thoroughly by puddling with hose, and long
pipe nozzle, or by tamping in layers of not more than four inches
with mechanical tampers as may be ordered by the Engineer, if the
material does not puddle readily. (Note exception where settlement
is important.) Contractor shall furnish necessary water at his own
expense. Topsoil shall be placed upon the upper six inches where planting,
seeding or sodding is required.
58.12.1.
No rock or boulders shall be used in the backfill for at least
one foot above the top of the pipe, and no stone larger than eight
inches in its greatest dimension shall be used in the backfilling.
58.13.1.
Where it is important that the surface of the backfill be made
safe for vehicular traffic as soon as possible, or where a permanent
pavement is to be placed within a short time, all but the upper 12
inches of backfill shall be of approved moist material, thoroughly
compacted in thin (about four-inch) layers by tamping, and shall be
brought to the required surface grade. Stone, gravel, granulated slag
or cinders shall be the material used for the temporary fill in the
upper 12 inches. Should settlements occur in excess of 1 1/2
inches below the street grade, the contractor shall furnish and install
additional material to maintain the surface at street grade.
58.14.1.
Wherever, in the opinion of the Engineer, surface settlement
is not important, tamping may be permitted in the layers above those
described under 58.11, Backfill procedure at pipe zone, and the backfill
shall be neatly rounded over the trench to a sufficient height to
allow for settlement to grade after consolidation, and future settlements
within the period of a year shall be rectified by adding material
to bring the surface to a little above grade. Topsoil shall be placed
to a depth of not less than six inches where planting, seeding or
sodding is to be the final surface.
58.15.1.
Any deficiency in the quantity of material for backfilling the
trenches, or for filling depressions caused by settlement, shall be
supplied by the contractor.
58.16.1.
The contractor shall replace all surface material, and shall
restore paving (unless otherwise stipulated), curbing, sidewalks,
gutters, shrubbery, fences, sod and other surfaces disturbed to a
condition equal to that before the work began, furnishing all labor
and material incidental thereto. In restoring paved surfaces, new
pavement is required, except that granite paving blocks, sound brick
or asphalt paving blocks may be reused.
58.17.1.
Where sewer lines are carried through cinders, shall be used
for backfilling against the pipe and only clay or earth, free from
cinders, may be used for backfilling around the pipe, thoroughly tamped,
and to a thickness of not less than nine inches all around and above
the pipe for protection from cinders.
58.18.1.
Following the completion of the work, the contractor shall maintain
the surface of the unpaved trenches, adjacent curbs, sidewalks, gutters,
shrubbery, fences, sod and other surfaces disturbed, for a period
of 12 months thereafter, and shall maintain the repaved areas (if
paved by contractor) and adjacent curbs, gutters and sidewalks for
one year. All material and labor required for the maintenance of the
trenches and adjacent structures shall be supplied by the contractor,
and the work shall be done in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
58.19.1.
The contractor shall be responsible for such permits, including
cost thereof, as may be necessary for crossing the state highways
or other highways not under the control of the owner. Repaving of
such highways shall be performed in accordance with the requirements
set forth in the regulations of that governmental authority.
58.20.1.
Backfill shall follow the provisions outlined above, except
that all backfill up to the final grade shall be thoroughly compacted
by mechanical tampers or adequately weighted rollers.
58.21.1.
Embankment around structures shall be constructed to the lines
and grades as shown upon the plans. This embankment shall be composed
of material from the excavation, and shall be put down in layers not
exceeding four inches in thickness, and shall be thoroughly rolled
with a suitable roller or other means taken to compact it and bind
it in thoroughly with the layer below. Embankments shall be finished
off with the topsoil excavated from the site. Topsoil shall have a
thickness on the berms, embankment and slopes of not less than six
inches.
58.22.1.
Surfaces to be seeded shall be carefully leveled or graded,
prepared and raked, and then seeded with a mixture of seed consisting
of 20% Kentucky bluegrass, 15% red top, 10% English rye grass, 15%
chewing fescue, 30% seaside bent, and 10% white clover (for lawns
around buildings, the clover shall be replaced with that amount of
Kentucky bluegrass). The surface shall then be covered with 3/4 inch
of peat moss evenly spread. All sloped surfaces shall then be covered
with muslin or cheesecloth in a continuous surface properly anchored
in place. The contractor shall keep surface adequately watered until
grass has obtained a uniform length of two inches. Maintenance of
lawns shall be given by the contractor until the acceptance of the
construction by the owner.
58.22.2.
Sod shall be furnished and planted over those areas requiring
sodding. Before lifting, the grass should be cut to a length of approximately
1 1/2 inches, and the sod then cut in squares and lifted out,
taking care to include the major portion of the roots and topsoil,
but not less than two inches. The surface on which the sod is to be
planted shall be covered with topsoil to a depth of not less than
three inches, raked level, and not less than 200 pounds of commercial
fertilizer per acre shall be raked in. The surface shall then be wetted
and the sod laid, care being taken to butt the joints closely and
the surface tamped to expel the air between the sod and topsoil. Any
voids shall be filled with topsoil and seeded. The sod shall be kept
watered until a union has been made between sod and earth. The lawn
shall be cared for until acceptance by the owner, and any sod that
becomes burned out or dies shall be replaced.
58.23.1.
Standard strength vitrified clay sewer pipe and fittings shall
conform to the ASTM Specifications, Serial Designation C 13-50T and
any subsequent revisions, generally known to the trade as double-strength
vitrified terra-cotta sewer pipe. Special attention is called to that
portion of the specifications dealing with inspection and rejection.
Pipe fittings shall be of a standard manufacture and shall be first
grade, salt glazed, vitrified clay sewer pipe with shell vitrified
throughout and perfectly burned without cracks, blisters, pimples
or other imperfections. The socket and spigot ends must be cut off
at right angles with the axis of the pipe. All pipe shall be well
and smoothly glazed over both inner and outer surfaces, except the
insides of the sockets and the outsides of the spigots for a distance
equal to the depth of the socket. The interior of the socket and the
outside of the spigot shall be scored with not less than three scorings.
The length of pipe shall not be less than two feet for sizes six inches
and under, and three for sizes eight inches and larger.
58.24.1.
In locations where heavy loads occur on clay sewer pipe, the
pipe shall be extra-strength clay sewer pipe, generally known to the
trade as triple-strength vitrified terra-cotta sewer pipe, and shall
conform to the ASTM Specifications, Serial Designation C 200-53T and
any subsequent revisions. In all other respects, the pipe shall conform
to that outlined in the preceding paragraph.
58.25.1.
Before sewer pipe is placed in position in the trench the bottom
and sides of the trench shall be carefully prepared and, if necessary,
bracing and sheeting installed as provided under 58.10, Excavation
for sewers. A mason's line shall then be tightly stretched across
the tops of grade boards accurately set above ground level, parallel
to, and directly above, the axis of the pipe to be installed, this
line to be supported at intervals not exceeding 50 feet. The exact
line and grade for each section of pipe shall be determined by plumbing
and measuring down from this line to the invert of the pipe being
placed. Each pipe shall be accurately placed to the exact line and
grade called for on the plans.
58.25.2.
Each piece of pipe and special fitting shall be carefully inspected
before it is placed, and no defective pipe shall be laid in the trench.
Pipe laying shall proceed up-grade starting at the lower end of the
grade and with the bells uphill. All pipe shall be laid in the presence
of an inspector representing the owner or engineer. Trench bottoms
found to be unsuitable for foundations after pipe laying operations
have started shall be corrected and brought to exact line and grade
with compacted earth where necessary. When so directed by the Engineer,
gravel, crushed stone, slag or concrete cradle shall be installed
where necessary to provide a satisfactory bearing surface.
58.25.3.
Bell-holes shall be of sufficient size to allow ample room for
properly making the pipe joints. Bell holes shall be cut out not more
than 10 joints ahead of pipe laying. The bottom of the trench between
bell holes shall be carefully graded so that the pipe barrel will
rest on a solid foundation for its entire length. Each joint shall
be laid so that it will form a close concentric joint with adjoining
pipe, and so as to avoid sudden offsets or inequalities in the flow
line. If pipes are out of round but within the tolerances allowed
by the ASTM Specifications, they shall be rotated to provide smooth
and even inverts one with another.
58.25.4.
When so authorized by the Engineer, and when asphaltic jointing
compound is used, alternate joints may be poured before the 2 sections
are lowered into the trench. In such cases, the joint must be allowed
to set and the bottom of the trench carefully graded, so that the
joints so made will not be placed in strain or broken by unequal bearing
after the pipes are placed in position in the trench.
58.25.5.
Joints shall be prepared in the manner hereinafter specified.
As the work progresses, the interior of all pipe in place shall be
thoroughly cleaned. On small pipe a swab or drag shall be kept in
the pipe line and pulled forward past each joint immediately after
it has been made. After each line of pipe has been laid, it shall
be carefully inspected, and all earth, trash, rags and other foreign
matter removed from the interior.
58.25.6.
After the joints have been completed, they shall be inspected,
tested and accepted by the Engineer before they are covered. The pipes
shall meet test requirements for watertightness and any leaks or defects
discovered at any time after completion of the work shall be immediately
repaired. Any pipe which has been disturbed after the joint was made
shall be taken up, the joint cleaned and remade and the pipe relaid
at the contractor's expense. All pipe in place shall be carefully
protected from damage until the backfilling operations have been completed.
58.25.7.
Water shall not be allowed to run or stand in the trench while
pipe laying is in progress or before the joints are completely set
or before the trench has been backfilled. The contractor shall not
open up at any time more trench than his available pumping facilities
are able to dewater.
58.25.8.
Backfilling of trenches may be started immediately after the
pipe in place has been inspected, tested and approved by the Engineer.
Backfilling shall be performed in the manner hereinbefore specified
under backfilling.
58.26.1.
Where ground conditions require, or where by order of the Engineer,
the plans or the detail specifications, cradle shall be installed
under sewer pipe. One of three types shall be furnished as follows:
1.
Clay cradle or sand cradle. Where sewer pipes are in trenches with
a cover over the crown of less than six feet and will not be subjected
to heavy traffic strains, no cradle will be required, and, where rock
or unsuitable foundation is encountered, a cradle of mechanically
tamped clay or sand placed in three-inch layers to a depth from six
inches below the bottom of the pipe up to or beyond the lower point
of the pipe shall be installed. A bed shall then be cut out as described
under 49.25, Laying sewer pipe.
2.
Gravel or crushed stone cradle. When sewer pipes are laid in trenches
with a cover of more than six feet or where subjected to medium traffic
loads or rock is encountered, a gravel or crushed stone cradle shall
be installed, when called for on the plans or in the detail specifications.
The gravel, crushed stone or crushed slag shall meet the specifications
for concrete aggregate, small for pipes up to twelve-inch diameters,
medium for pipes twelve-inch to twenty-four-inch diameter, and larger
for pipes over twenty-four-inch diameter. Cradle shall be carried
to 1/3 the height of the pipe for trenches less than 12 feet deep,
and to three inches above center line for trenches over 12 feet deep.
The cradle material shall be adequately and compactly tamped in place,
using mechanical tampers if necessary, taking care not to heave, misalign,
crack or otherwise injure the pipe and joints.
3.
Concrete cradle. Where sewer pipes are laid under conditions exceeding
those outline in Paragraph 2 preceding, or required by the plans,
detail specifications or by order of the Engineer, one to two to four
(1:2:4) concrete shall be substituted for the gravel.
58.27.1.
The following types of joints, as well as other types which
may be approved in writing by the Engineer shall be accept able on
vitrified clay sewer pipe. The joint used, however, regardless of
type, shall be the kind especially suited for use with the type of
pipe involved and in the location used, and as will guarantee leakage
below the amounts hereinafter set forth under58.28, Testing sewers.
58.27.2.
Before any joints are made on the ground, the contractor shall
demonstrate to the Engineer, by pouring at least one sample joint,
that the methods which he employees conform to the following specifications
and will provide a watertight joint, and further that the workmen
who are intended for use on this phase of work are thoroughly familiar
and experienced with the type of joint proposed.
58.27.3.
Cement grout joints.
1.
Under the bell of the pipe last laid, a suitable form of unbleached
muslin shall be placed of such a length as to at least encase the
lower 2/3 of the pipe. The spigot end of the pipe shall be inserted
into the bell to its full depth, and a gasket of jute or oakum, twisted
and thick enough to even up the inverts shall be caulked into the
joint for the full circumference of the pipe and to within 1 1/2
inches of the face of the bell for 18 inches and smaller pipe, and
2 1/4 inches for larger pipe. The ends of the muslin shall be
brought up around the pipe and secured with ties on each piece of
pipe. The annular space then shall be filled with cement grout just
thin enough to be forced through a hose, and around and tightly into
the joint using a grout pump. The muslin form shall remain in place,
and before the grout has set, the upper portion of the joint is then
to be formed of cement mortar, well caulked into place.
2.
The cement grout and cement mortar used shall have the composition
by weight as follows:
a.
Three parts clean sharp sand;
b.
Two parts portland cement;
c.
One part Master Builders Company Embeco or equal*.
To this shall be added just enough water to make a workable
mix.
(*Product of equal manufacturer may be used according to that
manufacturer's specifications and the Engineer's approval.)
3.
Weston's gasket and form will be acceptable as an alternate
to the above specified method, using joints made in accordance with
the manufacturer's specifications with cement grout and mortar
as above specified.
58.27.4.
Cement mortar joints. A gasket of jute or oakum shall be rolled
sufficiently thick to bring the invert of the spigot end of the pipe
being laid smooth and even with the invert of the bell end of the
pipe previously laid. This gasket shall be dipped and thoroughly soaked
in a cement grout com posed of neat portland cement and water. The
gasket shall then be laid in the bell for the lower third of the circumference
of the joint and covered with mortar from base to bell to end of bell.
The spigot of the pipe shall then be inserted and carefully driven
home, after which a small amount of mortar shall be inserted in the
annular space around the entire circumference of the pipe. The ends
of the gasket shall then be wrapped around the pipe and solidly rammed
into the joint with a caulking tool, providing clearance from end
of bell to gasket, as above specified for cement grout joints. The
mortar previously placed shall be driven ahead of the gasket. The
joint shall then be filled with portland cement mortar as outlined
in the preceding paragraph. This mortar must be placed by hand, and
care must be taken to completely fill the joint entirely around the
pipe by pushing the mortar in by hand, using a rubber glove with fingers,
and a wooden caulking tool. The joint shall be beveled off at an angle
of 45° with the outside of the pipe and shall be protected by
a strip of muslin placed completely around the joint and tied in place.
58.27.5.
Hot poured asphaltic compound joints.
1.
If hot poured asphaltic compound pipe joints are used, the inside
of the bells and the outside of the spigot ends of all bell and spigot
sewer pipe and fittings shall be painted with a primer recommended
and/or sup plied by the manufacturer of the jointing material used.
This painting shall be done at least four hours before the pipe is
laid, or as recommended by the manufacturer. The pipe and fittings
shall be clean and dry before painting. Pipe joints shall be made
with a compound having a bituminous base, such as Joint Seal No. 313,
as manufactured by the H.H. Robertson Company, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
G-K compound or Atlas JC-60 compound as manufactured by the Atlas
Mineral Products Company, Mertztown, Pennsylvania, or approved equal.
This compound shall be heated in a suitable heater to a temperature
specified by the manufacturer so that it can be poured rapidly and
smoothly. Before pouring, the joints shall be clean and dry, and a
gasket of dry unoiled hemp or jute shall be caulked into the annular
space. After the gasket is properly caulked, a suitable asbestos runner
shall be placed around the joint and mudded, and the compound shall
be poured in such a manner that it will run around the pipe and completely
fill the annular space. When permitted by the Engineer, two pipes
may be joined on the bank, care being taken to preserve the proper
alignment of the pipe both on the bank and while being lowered into
the trench. Whether jointed on the bank or in the trench, primer and
joint compound shall be used on every joint.
2.
If die-cast sewer pipe joints are used, they shall be similar and
equal to the Slipseal Sewer Joint as made with dies and materials
furnished by the Universal Sewer Pipe Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio,
Die Cast Sewer Joint as made by American Vitrified Products Company,
Cleveland, Ohio, Atlas Slipjoint Compound as made by the Atlas Mineral
Products Company, Mertztown, Pennsylvania, or approved equal. Sewer
pipe shall be primed and cast with Slipseal or equal approved die-cast
tapered-type joint, which shall be made by fitting the spigot and
socket of the pipe with collars of Slipseal bituminous compound. Compound
shall have a melting point of 240° - 270° F., and a penetration
of 4-7 at 77° F. A lining or ring of this jointing material shall
be die-cast into the socket of the pipe. The spigot shall be fitted
with a collar of the same material, die-cast around the end of the
pipe, and of a size such that when shoved firmly into the socket portion
of the pipe, a tight fit between the socket and the spigot end of
the pipe will be made. All pipe must be dry and clean when lining
and collar cast, and a compound must be poured at a heat high enough
to procure proper adhesion to the pipe. When laying these pipes, the
lining and collar shall be painted with Slipseal solvent, which shall
cause their surfaces to become plastic or tacky, and when the pipes
are shoved firmly together, the joint material shall unite, and incidental
to the diffusion of the solvent, congeal and become one homogeneous
body. The foregoing is a brief description of the method of making
this type of joint, however, during construction the manufacturer's
directions shall be followed in all respects.
58.27.6.
Asphaltic compound cold troweled joints. If asphaltic compound
cold-troweled joints are used, they shall be made with a cold, mastic,
asphaltic compound such as DeWitt's No. 10, as manufactured by
DeWitt Products Corporation, Detroit, Michigan, Kalkite, as manufactured
by the Presstite Engineering Company, St. Louis, Missouri, or approved
equal. In using this type of joint the manufacturer's directions
shall be followed in all respects.
58.27.7.
Rubber joints.
1.
Rubber joints of Hexseal type, as manufactured by the Universal Concrete
Pipe Company, Columbus, Ohio, Tylox, as manufactured by Hamilton Kent
Manufacturing Company, Kent, Ohio, and Universal Sewer Pipe Corporation,
Cleveland, Ohio, or equal, shall be permitted, provided the bells
and spigots or the tongue and groove of the pipe are especially prepared
for the use of these types of joints. The joints shall be installed
in strict accordance with the directions and requirements of the manufacturer.
The rubber gasket shall be of special section such as to fully and
completely close the space between the bell and spigot or the tongue
and groove. It shall be circular in construction and of the proper
diameter for the service required. The gasket shall be adequately
lubricated with special cement for this purpose, and pipe joints shall
be adequately and thoroughly driven home or seated. The rubber used
in the gaskets shall be natural or synthetic type and so compounded
to give a long, enduring life and service and shall be such as not
to disintegrate in the presence of air, liquids or gases to which
it may be subjected in the service in which it is to be placed.
2.
Rubber joints of the rubber tube type filled with grout under pressure
after installation in the bell of the pipe, as developed by the Caly
Sewer Pipe Association, Inc., Columbus, Ohio, shall be permitted on
vitrified clay sewer pipe installations. The joints shall be installed
in strict accordance with the directions and requirements of the manufacturer.
If this type of joint is used, two lengths of pipe may be jointed
outside the trench with hot poured asphaltic compound as previous
specified, resulting in a sewer line constructed with alternate joints
of the hot poured asphaltic compound type and alternate joints of
the rubber tube type.
58.27.8.
Plastic joints. Premoulded joints of the plastic type shall
be similar to those manufactured by the American Vitrified Products
Company, or equal. The joints shall be premoulded in the bell and
on the spigot with a satisfactory type of plastic material using machined
dies of the proper size and arrangement to produce a tight joint when
the pipes are forced together in the trench. The plastic material
employed for the joints shall be compounded to give a long life in
the service in which it is to be used. The directions of the manufacturer
shall be strictly followed in the making of the joints and assembling
in the trench.
58.27.9.
Special requirements for joints.
1.
The contractor may select the type of joint he desires for use with
sewer and drain pipe, and shall be required to deliver to the owner
tight sewers adequately meeting the tests for tightness hereinafter
outlined. The Engineer shall not be held responsible for the adequacy
of any of the joints described in the foregoing para graphs. The responsibility
shall rest with the contractor and the manufacturer of the joint selected,
since the care, method of making and the diligence and ability of
the persons employed in performing this work are the prime requisites
for producing watertight joints.
2.
Certain fundamentals however must be observed in joint construction
as follows:
a.
Pipe must be clean.
b.
No water, sand, silt, earth or other foreign substance shall be permitted
to contaminate the joint, material or space to be occupied by the
jointing material.
c.
Adequate alignment and bedding of the pipe shall be provided before
the joint is made.
d.
Pipe must not be moved in the slightest after the joint is made.
58.28.1.
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania requires that the leakage of
sewers shall not exceed the following test requirements which includes
all appurtenant construction. The contractor shall certify in quadruplicate
previous to the payment of the final estimate that he has tested all
sewers and they have less leakage than set forth below, so that the
Engineer may transmit the same to the proper authorities if requested.
Sewers and drains shall not exceed an infiltration of 10,000 gallons
of groundwater per mile of sewer per 24 hours, regardless of pipe
joint type that may be used. Conformance with this requirement shall
be verified by performance of exfiltration tests to be made, certified
to, and paid for by the contractor and conducted as follows:
58.28.2.
After replacement of broken or cracked pipe, repair of defective
joints and vitrification of the sewer installation to true line and
grade that also shows a full circle of light from manhole to manhole,
and after cleaning and conditioning the sewer free from deposits,
joint drippings or extrusions, or from foreign matter of any kind,
each section of sewer between manholes, or for longer distances of
allowed, before backfilling, shall be maintained completely full of
water for a period of not less than 30 minutes to allow for absorption
of water by the sewer. By use of preinstalled riser sections of pipes
at manholes if necessary, or by plumber's plugs and riser, a
column of water shall then be maintained at least four feet above
the uppermost top section of sewer under test for sewers with grades
of 1% or less, and to one inch above the crown of the upper end of
the sewer for grades between 1% and 5%, and as the Engineer directs
for greater grades; and the rate of leakage, for a period of not less
than 30 minutes thereafter, accordingly determined, must not exceed
that proportion for the length of sewer under test to 10,000 gallons
per mile of sewer per 24 hours.
58.28.3.
In case the water table in the trench, at time of test, is above
the highest invert of the sewer section under test, the column of
water above specified shall be accordingly increased.
58.29.1.
Where there is less than 2,000 feet of all sizes and kinds of
sewer pipe under one contract, certified inspection reports of the
manufacturer shall be accepted which show the materials to conform
to the specifications.
58.29.2.
Field inspection for shape, cracks, blisters, absence of vitrification,
uniformity, density and hammer test shall be made.
58.29.3.
For quantities over 2,000 feet, the tests shall be conducted
by an independent commercial testing laboratory and three copies of
their acceptance test reports shall be furnished the Engineer.
58.30.1.
Manholes shall be constructed of the types, sizes, shapes and
dimensions shown on the plans, and shall be constructed of brick or
concrete as called for thereunder.
58.30.2.
Brick manholes, where required, shall be constructed with the
inside diameter of the barrel to the dimension noted on the plans
corbeling to a round top opening for standard frame and cover or a
watertight frame and cover. The walls of the barrel of the manhole
shall be eight inches thick where the vertical height of the manhole
barrel is 15 feet or less. Where the vertical height of the manhole
barrel is more than 15 feet, the barrel wall shall be 12 inches thick
from a point 15 feet below the top of the manhole to the bottom of
the barrel. The inside wall surface shall be plastered with not less
than 1/2 inch thickness of mortar from the invert to a height of two
above the top of the sewer, and the outside wall surface shall be
similarly plastered to the full height and made watertight. If manholes
so plastered show leakage, and/or sewers constructed in conjunction
with the manholes fail to meet the leakage test specified under 58.28,
Testing sewers, the contractor will be required to plaster the entire
inside wall surface to the full height, and make the manhole watertight
both as to infiltration and exfiltration. Inside surfaces so plastered
shall represent a smooth, uniform appearance, and shall be smoothed
with a burlap bag, if necessary. The height or depth of the manhole
will vary with the location, but shall except where otherwise shown
on the plans, be such as will place the top of the frame at the finished
grade of the pavement or slightly above ground surface and the invert
at the designated elevations, as detailed on the plans.
58.30.3.
Concrete manholes, where required, shall be in accordance with
the details shown on the plans. They shall be equipped with standard
cast-iron manhole frames and covers, ladder bars and other appurtenances
in accordance with the details.
58.31.1.
Brick used in manhole construction shall be medium hard or better
quality, grade NA Specifications, Serial Designation C 32-50 and any
subsequent revisions for sewer brick.
58.31.2.
One to two to four (1:2:4) concrete shall be used throughout
for concrete manholes. All steel reinforcement called for on the plans
or detail specifications shall be furnished and installed. One to
two to four (1:2:4) concrete shall be used for brick manhole bottoms.
58.31.3.
Manhole frames and covers of both the standard and water tight
types and other castings (except malleable casting, cast-iron pipe,
cast-iron pipe wall castings, valves, valve appurtenances, etc.) shall
be made of cast iron conforming to the minimum requirements of Federal
Specifications WW-1-652 or to Class 30 of the ASTM Specifications,
Serial Designation A 48-48 and any subsequent revisions for Gray Iron
Castings. All castings shall be made accurately to the required dimensions,
and shall be sound, smooth, clean and free from blisters and other
defects. Defective castings which have been plugged or otherwise treated
to remedy defects shall be rejected. Contact surfaces of frames and
covers shall be machined or surface ground so that covers rest securely
in the frames with no rocking or rattling under traffic, and with
covers on contact with frame flanges for the entire perimeter of the
contact surfaces. Each casting shall have its actual weight in pounds
stenciled or painted thereon with white paint by the manufacturer
thereof.
58.31.4.
Ladder bars or manhole steps shall be genuine wrought-iron,
hot galvanized after forming, or cast-iron of the shape and dimensions
shown on the plans. They shall be installed in all manholes. Spacing
shall be 12 inches unless otherwise noted. Where shown on the plans,
structural ladders shall be provided from top to bottom.
58.32.1.
Where the difference in the invert elevations of two or more
sewers intersecting in one manhole is more than two feet, a drop manhole
shall be constructed in the manner shown on the drawings. They shall
be similar in construction to the standard manhole, except that a
drop connection of pipe and fittings of proper size and material shall
be constructed outside the man hole and supported by one to two to
two (1:2: 2) concrete as indicated on the drawings.
58.33.1.
Manhole inverts shall be constructed of one to two to four (1:2:4)
concrete or built-up brick with one inch minimum thick coating of
cement mortar, and have the same cross-section as the invert of the
sewers which they connect. The manhole invert shall be carefully formed
to the required size and grade by gradual and even changes in sections.
Changes in direction of flow through the sewer shall be made to true
curve with as large a radius as the size of the manhole will permit.
58.34.1.
Excavation for manholes shall be in accordance with the applicable
Provisions of excavation and backfill as heretofore described.
58.34.2.
Manhole foundations shall be protected from damage by water
and/or other causes. No concrete or brick masonry is to be placed
until the trench has been freed from water and/or mud, and the trench
shall be maintained in a reasonably dry condition during progress
of construction on structures.
58.34.3.
After the foundation has been prepared and has been approved
by the Engineer, the bottom shall be carefully constructed to the
required line and grade. After the bottom has been allowed to set
for a period of not less than 24 hours, the manhole shall be constructed
thereon, care being exercised to construct the walls plumb and to
true circle, and to form the incoming and outgoing sewer pipes into
the walls at the required elevations.
58.34.4.
Mortar shall be composed of three part sand, one part modified
portland cement, and 1/4 part of well-seasoned lime putty, all accurately
measured by volume. Cement and sand shall be mixed thoroughly in a
tight box or by machine, after which the water and lime putty shall
be added gradually with the mixing, continuing until the mixture has
attained the proper consistency for use in brick masonry. Mortar shall
be prepared only in such quantities as needed for immediate use. Mortar
which has been mixed for more than 30 minutes, which has been retempered
or which has set shall not be used in the work.
58.34.5.
Brick shall be laid radially, with vertical joints at the inside
face of manhole not more than 1/4 inch in thickness, and with horizontal
joints not exceeding 3/8 inch in thickness. Joints shall be broken
in successive courses, and all inside joints shall be trowelstruck
struck flush joints to provide a clean, smooth wall face. Each brick
shall be wetted thoroughly by immersion in water immediately prior
to placement, and shall be laid separately in a full and close joint
of mortar on its bed, ends and side in one operation by shoving the
bricks into the mortar. Bolts shall be provided in manhole tops for
securing frames.
58.34.6.
Whenever the work is discontinued for any purpose, the unfinished
brick masonry shall be raked back in courses, and all mortar removed
from exposed surfaces. When the work is resumed the exposed surfaces
shall be cleaned and thoroughly wetted before any new work is added.
58.34.7.
The wall surfaces of brick manholes shall be plastered with
cement mortar not less than 1/2 inch in thickness as herein before
specified and as shown on the plans. Fresh brickwork shall be carefully
protected from damage by any cause or from movement by freezing. Any
work which, in the opinion of the Engineer, has been damage by any
cause, either prior to or sub-sequent to backfilling, shall be removed
and properly rebuilt. Plastered surfaces shall be dampcured.
58.34.8.
The wrought-iron or cast-iron ladder bars or manhole steps shall
be inserted into the wall of the manhole at the proper elevations
as the work progresses, and shall be securely embedded in the masonry.
58.34.9.
After the masonry work has been completed and topped out, the
cast-iron frame for the cover shall be carefully set at the required
elevation and properly bolted into place and bonded to the masonry
with cement grout. Where manholes are constructed n paved areas, the
top surface of the frame and cover shall be tilted so as to conform
to the exact slope, crown or grade of the existing pavement adjacent
thereto.
58.34.10.
After the masonry work has been allowed to set for a period
of not less than 24 hours, the outside forms, if any, shall be removed
and the manhole backfilled and tamped in the manner provided under
excavation and backfill heretofore described. The invert shall be
constructed in the manner hereinbefore described, and all loose or
waste material removed from the interior of the manhole. The manhole
cover shall then be placed and the surface of the vicinity of the
work cleaned off and left in a neat and orderly condition.
58.34.11.
After backfilling has been completed, the excavated area, if
located in a street, alley or sidewalk, shall be provided with a temporary
surface in the manner stipulated under 58.13, Procedure where settlement
is important.
58.35.1.
Where sewers are to be constructed beneath paved highways, railroad
rights-of-way or at other locations, the contractor may use one of
the following methods outlined below, providing it meets the regulations
established and required by said owner, and the work is done in conformance
with the requirements of said Authority and the Engineer.
1.
The contractor may use the tunneling method, using sheeting properly
braced, or tunnel liners which he may remove or leave in place as
required. The space, however, between the permanent sewer or water
pipe and the tunnel walls shall be completely filled, using crushed
stone of a size meeting the requirements for medium grading of concrete
aggregates.
2.
The contractor may shove or jack reinforced concrete pipe under the
rights-of-way. The pipe used shall be extra strength, tongued and
grooved, reinforced concrete pipe, equal to that known as railroad
culvert pipe, type 2.
3.
The contractor may employ the boring method as developed by the Young
Engine Company, Canton, Ohio, or equal, using a mechanical boring
machine. For this method, the contractor shall use genuine wrought-iron
plate, Armco iron or copper-bearing-steel casing or pipe, having wall
thickness of not less than 3/8 inch for twelve-inch diameter, or larger,
and 5/16 inch for less than twelve-inch diameter. The permanent line
shall be installed inside this iron casing.
4.
Where metal pipe is specified for the permanent line, without the
use of a casing, it shall be genuine wrought-iron Armco iron or copper-bearing-steel
casing or pipe, having a wall thickness of not less than 3/8 inch
for twelve-inch diameter, or larger, and 5/16 inch for less than 12
inches in diameter. This type of line may be installed using the Young
Engine Company, or equal, boring machine; or the line may be shoved
or jacked in place and the excavated material removed by hand or other
approved means.
58.35.2.
All lines installed by any of the above methods shall be maintained
on line and grade.
58.35.3.
The method of installation and kind of material proposed shall
receive the approval of the Engineer.
58.36.1.
Where it is necessary to remove paving in order to install sanitary
sewers, services or service connections, the paving shall be cut squarely
and evenly one foot on each side wider than the trench width. The
trench shall be excavated, and after installation of the sewer line
the backfill shall be thoroughly compacted into place. The paving
shall then be restored, of the type similar to that existing, and
in a manner required by the authority having jurisdiction over the
road or street. Where concrete paving is cut, reinforcing steel or
mesh shall be installed to adequately tie the replaced paving together.
Where macadam is cut, the underlying layers of paving, either telford,
slag or other type base, shall be adequately restored and compacted
into place and then finished with surface coat of tarbound macadam
similar to or better than the existing road surface. All work shall
be in accordance with the requirements of the authorities having jurisdiction.
58.37.1.
Service connections shall be provided at all users' properties
when the sewers are installed, and shall consist of a wye branch having
runs of same size or diameter as the main sewer, with a six-inch or
eight-inch branch connection as may be required for the property served.
This wye branch shall be installed such that the branch is above the
horizontal, so that the service sewer will have slope into the main
sewer. In type, wye branch shall be a bend of the proper degree radius
installed to bring the service sewer at a normal to the main sewer,
and from this bend the service sewer, mainly six-inch diameter, but
not less, shall be laid to the curbline or approximately 15 feet from
the center line of the roadway or to the base of the right-of-way
in which the main sewer may be installed. From this point the sewer
shall be installed by the property owner using registered pipe layers
or plumbers. All joints shall be temporarily plugged by having a terra-cotta
plug cemented in, using asphalt or cement joint compound in such a
manner as to make a tight closure but to permit removal without breaking
the bell of the pipe for the extension of the service sewer. In certain
cases where risers are necessary, the wye branch and bends may be
tipped up to a maximum of 45° with the horizontal to avoid long,
deep excavations. The service sewers, in no case shall have less than
four feet of cover under the traveled surface of the roadway.
58.38.1.
All sanitary sewers and building sewers and other house and
other building plumbing arrangements and connections installed, constructed
and laid by developers and other private parties shall be installed,
constructed and laid in conformance and in accordance with the provisions
not only of this ordinance, but also according to the provisions of
the Municipal Building Code, Ordinance No. 2-1-50[1], and all its amendments, the Building Sewer Ordinance
No. 11-13-56E[2], and all other regulations and requirements of the Municipality
of Bethel Park.
58.38.2.
However, until such time as the general sanitary sewer system
now being constructed and laid by the Municipal Authority of the Municipality
of Bethel Park has become available to each developer, and his privately
constructed sewer has been accepted by the Authority, the developer
and other private persons shall be entirely responsible for the construction,
laying and maintenance of his said privately constructed and laid
sanitary sewer, and such developer and such private person shall alone
be responsible for the proper disposal of sewage from such privately
laid sewers.
58.38.3.
If, from inspection by the consulting engineers of the Authority,
or by certificate of registered engineer approved by consulting engineers
of the Authority, the sanitary sewers or sanitary sewer systems installed,
constructed and laid by a developer or other private person have complied
in all respects with this ordinance and all the other ordinances and
regulations of the Municipality of Bethel Park, then when the general
sanitary sewer system being now constructed and laid by the Authority
for the Municipality of Bethel Park becomes available for the taking
of sewage from the privately installed sanitary sewer or sanitary
sewer system of a developer or other private person, then the Authority
will accept and take over the said privately installed, constructed
and laid sanitary sewer. Upon completion of construction and laying
of sanitary sewers by any persons, firms, property owners or developers,
inspection and approval must be made by the Engineers for the Municipal
Authority of the Municipality of Bethel Park, and upon approval by
the said Engineers of the Municipal Authority of the Municipality
of Bethel Park and before or at the time the said sanitary sewers
so constructed and laid are joined and connected with the trunk line
sewers of the Municipality of Bethel Park, the said sewers shall become
the property of the Municipal Authority of the Municipality of Bethel
Park, and a bill of sale, grant or other instrument for the conveyance
of title in such form as may be required by the said Municipal Authority
of the Municipality of Bethel Park shall be signed, executed and delivered
by the said person, property owner or developer to the Municipal Authority
of the Municipality of Bethel Park. The conveyance shall recite the
right of transfer to the Municipality of Bethel Park when and if desired
by the Authority.
58.38.4.
As semipublic sewers, the privately installed, constructed and
laid sewers of developers and other private persons, when installed,
constructed and laid in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance
and other ordinances and regulations of the Municipality of Bethel
Park, shall be entitled to the protection of this ordinance in its
provisions regulating the use of sewers.
58.39.1.
No person shall discharge or cause to be discharged any stormwater,
surface water, groundwater, roof runoff, subsurface drainage, cooling
water or unpolluted industrial process waters to any sanitary sewer.
58.39.2.
Stormwater and all other unpolluted drainage shall be discharged
to such sewers as are specifically designated as storm sewers, or
to a natural outlet approved by the municipality. Industrial cooling
water or unpolluted process waters may be discharged, upon approval
of the municipality to a storm sewer, or natural outlet.
58.39.3.
Except as hereinafter provided, no person shall discharge or
cause to be discharged any of the following described waters or wastes
to any public sewer.
1.
Any liquid or vapor having a temperature higher than 150° F.
2.
Any water or waste which may contain more than 100 parts per million,
by weights, of fat, oil or grease.
3.
Any gasoline, benzene, naphtha, fuel oil or other flammable or explosive
liquid, solid or gas.
4.
Any garbage that has not been properly shredded.
5.
Any ashes, cinders, sand, mud, straw, shavings, metal, glass, rags,
feathers, tar, plastics, wood, paunch manure or any other solid or
viscous substance capable of causing obstruction to the flow in sewers
or other interference with the proper operation of the sewage works.
6.
Any waters or wastes having a pH lower than 5.5 or higher than 9.0,
or having any other corrosive property capable of causing damage or
hazard to structures, equipment and personnel of the sewage works.
7.
Any waters or wastes containing a toxic or poisonous substance in
sufficient quantity to injure or interfere with any sewage treatment
process, constitute a hazard to humans or animals or create any hazard
in the receiving waters of sewage treatment plant.
8.
Any waters or wastes containing suspended solids of such character
and quantity that unusual attention or expense is required to handle
such materials at the sewage treatment plant.
9.
Any noxious or malodorous gas or substance capable of creating a
public nuisance.
58.39.4.
Grease, oil and sand interceptors shall be provided when, in
the opinion of the Inspector, they are necessary for the proper handling
of liquid wastes containing grease in excessive amounts, or any flammable
wastes, sand and any other harmful ingredients; except that such interceptors
shall not be required for private living quarters or dwelling units.
All interceptors shall be of a type and capacity approved by the Inspector,
and shall be located as to readily and easily accessible for cleaning
and inspection. Grease and oil interceptors shall be constructed of
impervious materials capable of withstanding abrupt and extreme changes
in temperature. They shall be of substantial construction, watertight,
and equipped with easily removable covers which, when bolted in place,
shall be gastight and watertight.
58.39.5.
Where installed, all grease, oil and sand interceptors shall
be maintained by the owner, at his expense, in continuously efficient
operation at all times.
58.39.6.
The admission into the public sewers of any waters or wastes
having a five-day biochemical oxygen demand greater than 300 parts
per million by weight, or containing more than 350 parts per million
by weight of suspended solids, or containing any quantity of substances
having the characteristics described in 58.39.3, or having the average
daily flow greater than 2% of the average daily sewage flow of the
watershed, shall be subject to the review and approval of the Inspector.
Where necessary in the opinion of the Inspector, the owner shall provide,
at his expense, such preliminary treatment as may be necessary to
reduce the biochemical oxygen demand to 300 parts per million and
the suspended solids to 350 parts per million by weight, or reduce
objectionable characteristics or constituents to within the maximum
limits provided for in 58.39.3, or control the quantities and rates
of discharge of such waters or wastes. Plans, specifications and any
other pertinent information relating to proposed preliminary treatment
facilities shall be submitted for the approval of the Municipality
of Bethel Park or their designated authority and of the Sanitary Water
Board of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and no construction of
such facilities shall be commenced until said approvals are obtained
in writing.
58.39.7.
Where preliminary treatment facilities are provided for any
waters or wastes, they shall be maintained continuously in satisfactory
and effective operation by the owner at his expense.
58.39.8.
When required by the Inspector, the owner of any property served
by a building sewer carrying industrial wastes shall install a suitable
control manhole in the building sewer to facilitate observation, sampling
and measurement of the wastes. Such manhole, when required, shall
be accessible and safely located, and shall be constructed in accordance
with plans approved by the Municipality of Bethel Park or their designated
agent. The manhole shall be installed by the owner at his expense,
and shall be maintained by him so as to be safe and accessible at
all times.
58.39.9.
All measurements, tests and analysis of the characteristics
of waters and wastes to which reference is made in 58.39.3 and 58.39.6
shall be determined in accordance with "Standard Methods for the Examination
of Water and Sewage", and shall be determined at the control manhole
provided for in 58.39.8, or upon suitable samples taken at said control
manhole. In the event that no special manhole has been required, the
control manhole shall be considered to be the nearest downstream manhole
in the public sewer to the point at which the building sewer is connected.
[1]
Editor's Note: Superseded by Ord. No. 11-11-12 incorporated
elsewhere in Municipal Code.
58.40.1.
No unauthorized person shall maliciously, willfully or negligently
break, damage, destroy, uncover, deface, or tamper with any structure,
appurtenance or equipment which is a part of the municipal sewage
works. Any person violating this provision shall be subject to immediate
arrest under charge of disorderly conduct.
58.41.1.
The Inspector and duly authorized employees of the Municipality
of Bethel Park, as well as the Authority, when designated, bearing
the proper credentials and identification, shall be permitted to enter
upon all properties for the purposes of inspection, observation, measurement,
sampling and testing, in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance.
58.42.1.
Any person found to be violating any provision of this ordinance
shall be served by the Municipality of Bethel Park with a written
notice stating the nature of the violation and providing a reasonable
time limit for the satisfactory correction thereof. The offender shall,
within the period of time stated in such notice, permanently cease
all violations.
58.42.2.
Any person who shall continue any violation beyond the time
limit provided for in 49-43A shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and
upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in an amount not exceeding
$100 for each violation. Each day in which any such violation shall
continue shall be deemed a separate offense.
58.42.3.
Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance
shall become liable to the Municipality of Bethel Park for any expense,
loss or damage occasioned the Municipality of Bethel Park by reason
of such violation.
58.43.1.
All ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are
hereby repealed.
58.43.2.
The invalidity of any section, clause, sentence, or provision
of this ordinance shall not affect the validity of any other part
of this ordinance which can be given effect without such invalid part
or parts.
58.44.1.
This ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after
its passage, approval and recording, as provided by law.
