[R.O. 2008 §525.010; Ord. No. 307 §701, 9-8-1980]
This Article shall apply to all persons, firms, corporations,
co-partnerships, governmental agencies other than Federal, and voluntary
associations storing, handling or using flammable liquids, and to
the owner or lessee of any building, premises, or equipment in which
flammable liquids are stored, handled, or used.
[R.O. 2008 §525.020; Ord. No. 307 §702, 9-8-1980]
This Article shall apply to flammable liquids as hereinafter
defined; except that it shall not apply to the transportation of liquids
in bulk or to transportation when in conformity with Interstate Commerce
Commission regulations, or regulations lawfully on file with and approved
by the Interstate Commerce Commission.
[R.O. 2008 §525.030; Ord. No. 307 §703, 9-8-1980]
This Article shall not be so construed or applied as to prevent
the continued operation and use of any plant, storage tank, building,
or structure in existence at the time of the adoption of this Article
which does not comply with the requirements thereof with respect to
location, tank capacity, clearances, spacing between units, or between
units and line of adjoining property; but all existing plants shall
comply with all other requirements of this Title, including those
relating to foundations and supports for aboveground tanks, grounding
and bonding, venting or breathing, emergency vents for relief, control
valves, tank connections and openings, piping, control of sources
of ignition, ventilation and first aid fire control appliances. Existing
plants, storage tanks, buildings or structures may be replaced in
kind but shall not be enlarged.
[R.O. 2008 §525.040; Ord. No. 307 §704, 9-8-1980]
The term "flammable liquid" as used in this Article shall mean
and include all liquids other than liquefied petroleum gases that
have flash points below two hundred degrees Fahrenheit (200° F.)
as determined by Tagliabue closed cup test in accordance with methods
adopted by the American Society for Testing Materials and approved
by the American Standards Association.
[R.O. 2008 §525.050; Ord. No. 307 §705, 9-8-1980]
A.
For the purpose of this Article, flammable liquids are divided into
three (3) classes as follows:
1.
Class I shall include those having flash points at or below
twenty degrees Fahrenheit (20° F.).
2.
Class II shall include those having flash points above twenty
degrees Fahrenheit (20° F.) but at or below seventy degrees Fahrenheit
(70° F.).
3.
Class III shall include those having flash points above seventy
degrees Fahrenheit (70° F.) and below two hundred degrees (200°).
B.
Representative examples of flammable liquids by classes are:
|
Class I
|
Class II
|
Class III
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Ether
|
Ethyl Alcohol
|
Kerosene
| |
|
Gasoline
|
Methyl Alcohol
|
Amy Alcohol
| |
|
Naphtha
|
Toluol
|
Turpentine
| |
|
Bensol
|
Ethyl Acetate
|
Fuel Oil
| |
|
Acetone
|
Methyl Acetate
|
[R.O. 2008 §525.060; Ord. No. 307 §706, 9-8-1980]
A.
No person, firm or corporation shall use, store or handle any flammable
liquid in quantities in excess of that given in the following table
unless a permit has been obtained from the Board of Aldermen:
|
Class I
(gallons)
|
Class II
(gallons)
|
Class III
(gallons)
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dwellings or other place of human habitation
|
1
|
3
|
10
| |
|
Inside of other buildings
|
6
|
10
|
25
| |
|
Outside of any building
|
10
|
25
|
60
|
B.
The provisions of this Section shall not be construed to require
a permit for the storage or use of flammable liquids in the fuel tank
of a motor vehicle, aircraft, motor boat, mobile power plant or mobile
heating plant, nor for the storage or use of paints, oils, varnishes,
or similar flammable mixtures when such liquids are stored for maintenance,
painting, or similar purposes for a period of not more than thirty
(30) days.
C.
No permit shall be issued for the use, storage or handling of flammable
liquids unless such use, storage or handling complies with the provisions
of this Title.
[R.O. 2008 §525.070; Ord. No. 307 §707, 9-8-1980]
A.
Except as otherwise provided for in Section 510.330, Retroactivity, of this Article, the storage and handling of flammable liquids shall conform with the provisions of this Article.
1.
Aboveground tanks for the storage of Class I and Class II flammable
liquids shall be prohibited inside of the fire limits.
2.
No aboveground tank for the storage of flammable liquids shall
be located within one hundred (100) feet of a then-existing school,
theater, church, hospital, athletic field or other places of public
gathering.
3.
No aboveground tank for the storage of Class I and Class III flammable liquids shall be located inside of a building, except as provided in Section 510.480 of this Article.
4.
No facilities where flammable liquids are received by tank vessels,
pipe lines, tank car or tank vehicle, or are stored or blended for
the purpose of distributing such flammable liquids by tank vessels,
pipe lines, tank car, or tank vessel, shall be located within the
fire limits.
[R.O. 2008 §525.080; Ord. No. 307 §708, 9-8-1980]
A.
The location of aboveground tanks for the storage of flammable liquids
as permitted by this Article shall not be less in separation by distance
from the line of adjoining property which may be built upon nor from
the nearest existing habitational, mercantile or industrial building
than that set forth in the following table:
|
Capacity of Tank
(gallons)
|
Class of Flammable Liquid
|
Minimum Separation by Distance
(feet)
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
0 to 275
|
III
|
0
| |
|
276 to 750
|
III
|
5
| |
|
0 to 750
|
I and II
|
10
| |
|
751 to 12,000
|
III
|
10
| |
|
751 to 12,000
|
I and II
|
15
| |
|
12,001 to 24,000
|
I, II and III
|
15
| |
|
24,001 to 30,000
|
I, II and III
|
20
| |
|
30,001 to 50,000
|
I, II and III
|
25
|
B.
Tanks in excess of fifty thousand (50,000) gallons' individual capacity
and all tanks for the storage of crude petroleum shall be located
in accordance with suggested ordinance for the storage, handling and
use of flammable liquids published by the National Fire Protection
Association (No. 20L) or similarly nationally recognized good practices
satisfactory to the Chief of the Fire Department and Board.
C.
The location of a tank for the storage of any flammable liquid with
respect to any other such tank shall be such that the distance between
them shall be not less than three (3) feet. For tanks above fifty
thousand (50,000) gallons' individual capacity storing any flammable
liquid, the distance between tank shall not be less than one-half
(1/2) the diameter of the smaller tank.
D.
Aboveground tanks for Class III flammable liquids inside of buildings
shall conform with the following: Such liquids may be stored inside
of buildings providing the individual capacity of the tank does not
exceed two hundred seventy-five (275) gallons and the aggregate total
capacity of such tanks does not exceed five hundred fifty (550) gallons,
and provided further that the tanks are located in the lowest story,
cellar or basement of the building. In industrial plants or processing
plants, where necessary to operations, such tanks may be located at
a higher level.
E.
Individual tanks for Class III flammable liquids having a capacity
in excess of two hundred seventy-five (275) gallons may be located
inside of a building not higher than the lowest story, cellar or basement,
providing such tanks are located inside of an enclosure conforming
with not less than the following: walls, six-inch reinforced concrete
at least five (5) inches thick. Floor construction equivalent in fire
resistance located above the enclosure may be accepted, provided the
walls of the enclosure are carried up to and are bonded to such a
floor. Any openings to enclosures for aboveground tanks inside of
buildings shall be protected with approved fire doors suitable for
protection of openings in fire wall; such door normally to be kept
in a closed position. A sill of material equivalent to wall of enclosure
and at least six (6) inches high shall be provided at each such opening.
Provision shall be made for the adequate ventilation of such enclosures
prior to entering for inspection and repairs on tanks.
F.
Aboveground tanks located inside of building for the storage of Class
III flammable liquids shall have individual capacities and nominal
gross capacities limited to the following: In buildings of ordinary
construction, the nominal gross capacity of tanks shall not exceed
five thousand (5,000) gallons. In fire-resistive buildings, the nominal
gross capacity shall not exceed fifteen thousand (15,000) gallons.
In any building, if in a fire-resistive or detached room, cut off
vertically and horizontally in an approved manner satisfactory to
the Chief of the Fire Department, the nominal gross capacity shall
not exceed fifty thousand (50,000) gallons, with an individual tank
capacity of not to exceed twenty-five thousand (25,000) gallons.
[R.O. 2008 §525.090; Ord. No. 307 §709, 9-8-1980]
A.
Unless the top of any buried tank is below the floor of any story,
cellar or basement of its own or adjacent buildings, it shall be located
with reference to such adjacent buildings in accordance with the following:
|
Individual Capacity of Tank
(gallons)
|
Minimum Separation by Distance
(feet)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
550
|
5
| |
|
5,000
|
10
| |
|
10,000
|
15
| |
|
15,000
|
20
|
B.
Buried tanks of capacities in excess of fifteen thousand (15,000)
gallons will require a special permit to be issued only after a review
of conditions surrounding such proposed installation by the Board
of Aldermen.
[R.O. 2008 §525.100; Ord. No. 307 §711, 9-8-1980]
A.
Aboveground tanks shall rest directly on the ground or on foundations
of supports of concrete, masonry, piling, or steel. Exposed piling
or steel supports shall be protected by fire-resistive materials to
provide a fire-resistance rating of not less than two (2) hours. Tanks
located inside of buildings shall be securely supported to prevent
settling, sliding or shifting, and shall be so installed that the
bottom pitches to a draw-off or drain opening at a slope of not less
than one-quarter (1/4) inch per foot of length.
B.
Buried tanks shall set on a firm foundation and be surrounded with
soft earth or sand well-tamped in place. When subject to traffic,
tanks shall be protected against damage from vehicles passing over
them by at least three (3) feet of earth cover, or eighteen (18) inches
of well-tamped earth or six (6) inches of reinforced concrete or its
equivalent. When reinforced concrete or its equivalent is used as
part of the protection, it shall extend at least one (1) foot horizontally
beyond the outline of the tank in all directions.
C.
Where a tank is located in an area that may be subject to flooding
applicable precautions in accordance with suggested ordinance for
the storage, handling and use of flammable liquids published by the
National Fire Protection Association (No. 30L) or similarly nationally
recognized good practices, satisfactory to the Chief of the Fire Department
shall be taken.
D.
Buried tanks and tanks located inside of buildings shall, before
being covered or placed in use, be subjected to a test for tightness
which shall include the tank and piping system.
[R.O. 2008 §525.110; Ord. No. 307 §712, 9-8-1980]
A.
Storage tanks for flammable liquids shall not be located where, because
of topography or nearness of streams, flammable liquids could drain
or be carried to sites having structures of high values, places of
habitation or public assembly unless such tanks are diked in a manner
to prevent such drainage. Compliance with the provisions for dikes
contained in the suggested ordinance for the storage, handling and
use of flammable liquids (No. 30L) published by the National Fire
Protection Association or other nationally recognized standard shall
be deemed as complying with this requirement.
B.
Where provision is made for draining rain water from diked areas,
such drains shall normally be kept closed and shall be so designed
that when in use, they will not permit flammable liquids to enter
natural watercourses, public drains, if their presence would constitute
a hazard.
[R.O. 2008 §525.120; Ord. No. 307 §713, 9-8-1980]
A.
Each tank for the storage of flammable liquids shall be provided
with an unobstructed vent, not less than one-fourth (1/4) inch nominal
inside diameter which shall terminate outside of any building at a
point above the filling pipe.
B.
Vents for aboveground tanks outside of buildings storing Class I
and Class II liquids shall be provided with either a pressure and
vacuum relief device or an approved flame arrester. In addition, each
such tank shall have a form of construction or a device that will
relieve internal pressure caused by exposure to fires.
C.
Vents for buried tanks storing Class I and Class II liquids shall
have vent discharge openings not less than twelve (12) feet above
adjacent level ground and if the vent pipe is less than ten (10) feet
in length or greater than two (2) inches nominal inside diameter,
shall be provided with a pressure and vacuum relief device or an approved
flame arrester.
D.
Vents for tanks storing Class III liquids, including tanks inside
of buildings, shall have vents terminating above normal snow level,
fitted to a return bend, coarse screen or other device to minimize
ingress of foreign material.
E.
Vent discharge openings shall be so located that flammable vapors
will not enter building openings or be trapped under eaves or other
obstructions and for Class I and Class II liquids shall discharge
upward or horizontally.
F.
Fill openings for tanks storing flammable liquids shall be not less
than five (5) feet from any building door or cellar or basement opening.
Fill and discharge openings for buried tanks shall enter through the
top of the tank.
G.
Gauge openings or test wells shall not be located or installed inside
of buildings. Gauging devices such as liquid level indicators or signals
shall be so installed so that oil or vapor will not be discharged
into any building. Glass gauges, the breaking of which would allow
the escape of liquid or vapor into a building, shall not be used.
H.
Vents, relief devices, emergency reliefs, flame arresters, gauging
devices and devices for the withdrawal of flammable liquids from storage
tanks shall be in accordance with suggested ordinance published by
the National Fire Protection Association (30L) or similarly nationally
recognized good practices satisfactory to the Chief of the Fire Department.
[R.O. 2008 §525.130; Ord. No. 307 §714, 9-8-1980]
A.
Piping, valves, and fittings for use in connection with the storage
and handling of flammable liquids shall be designed for the working
pressures and structural stresses for which they may be subjected.
B.
Piping systems shall be substantially supported and protected against
physical damage and excessive stresses arising from settlement, vibration,
expansion or contraction.
C.
Pipe systems shall contain a sufficient number of valves to operate
the system properly and to protect the plant. Pipe systems in connection
with pumps shall contain a sufficient number of valves to properly
control the flow of liquid in normal operation and also in the event
of physical damage. Check valves shall be provided for automatic protection
against backflow from aboveground tanks where such tanks are filled
by centrifugal pumps.
D.
Each connection to an aboveground tank storing flammable liquids,
located below normal liquid level, shall be provided with an internal
control valve located as close as practicable to the shell of the
tank, and in addition, there shall be an extra valve in each such
connection installed on the inside of the tank which is operable both
manually and by an effective heat-releasing device which will close
to prevent the flow of liquid from the tank in case of fire, except
that such valves shall not be required on a bulk-plant tank equipped
with a swing line, and on tanks where transfer of products between
tanks, in the event of fire, is practicable.
E.
Heating and other devices using oil burners shall be installed, maintained
and operated in accordance with nationally recognized safe practices.
Storage tanks, burners and accessories such as piping, vents, filling
connections and control devices complying with the National Fire Protection
Association Standard for the "Installation of Oil-Burning Equipments"
or a similarly nationally recognized standard shall be deemed to comply
with this Section.
F.
Fill and discharge openings for buried tanks storing flammable liquids,
where practicable, shall enter tanks only through the top and connections
shall be graded toward the tank.
G.
Storage tanks for Class III flammable liquids located inside of a
building shall be provided with draw-off or drain connection to provide
a sum from which water or sediment can be drained readily.
[R.O. 2008 §525.140; Ord. No. 307 §715, 9-8-1980]
A.
The withdrawal of flammable liquids from storage tanks located inside
of buildings and from buried tanks shall, except as noted herein,
be by an approved pump through continuous piping so as to avoid the
exposure of the liquid or its vapors. Gravity feed of a flammable
liquid inside of a building shall be limited to fuel oil from supply
tanks not to exceed two hundred seventy-five (275) gallons' individual
capacity nor five hundred fifty (550) gallons' aggregate capacity.
Flammable liquids shall not be withdrawn from a tank which operates
through pressure within a storage tank, unless the tank has been approved
as a pressure vessel for the use to which it is subjected. In no case
shall air or gas pressure be used for the withdrawal of a flammable
liquid from a storage tank. Tanks operating at above atmospheric pressure
shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the Unfired Pressure
Vessel Code of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers or a similarly
national recognized code satisfactory to the Chief of the Fire Department.
B.
Pumps shall be of the type tested and listed by the Underwriters'
Laboratories, Inc., or a similarly nationally recognized testing laboratory
satisfactory to the Chief of the Fire Department.
[R.O. 2008 §525.150; Ord. No. 307 §716, 9-8-1980]
A.
Discharge devices for the use or dispensing of flammable liquids
shall be of the type tested and listed by the Underwriters' Laboratories,
Inc., or a similarly nationally recognized testing laboratory satisfactory
to the Chief of the Fire Department.
B.
The installation of use of coin-operated dispensing devices for dispensing
Class I flammable liquids is prohibited.
[R.O. 2008 §525.160; Ord. No. 307 §717, 9-8-1980]
A.
The storage of portable containers for flammable liquids adjacent
to schools, churches, hospitals, theaters, and places of public assembly
shall be prohibited. The storage, handling and use of portable containers
for flammable liquids outside of other buildings shall be as follows:
Containers shall be separated by a clear space at least ten (10) feet
in width from a street, alley, roadway or line of adjacent property
which may be built upon. Special attention shall be given to routes
of egress for building occupants, window and door openings and combustible
walls, platforms, cornices, roofs and combustible exterior walls.
B.
Containers piled one (1) upon the other shall be separated by dunnage
sufficient to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on
container walls. The height of piles shall be limited to not over
four (4) drums. Drums and barrels stored on their sides shall have
their heads facing aisles so that leakage of bungs may be detected.
Containers storing flammable liquids shall have the caps, plugs or
bungs replaced immediately after use and when the container is empty.
C.
The total aggregate capacity of flammable liquids in portable containers
stored outside of buildings inside of the fire limits shall be five
hundred fifty (550) gallons.
D.
Where conditions warrant, such as in industrial plants, the limitation
as to gross aggregate capacity of flammable liquids in portable containers
may be increased.
[R.O. 2008 §525.170; Ord. No. 307 §718, 9-8-1980]
A.
The storage and handling of flammable liquids in portable containers
inside of buildings may be permitted in service stations, paint stores,
hardware stores, materials supply houses and occupancies of similar
nature under the following conditions: No Class I flammable liquid
shall be stored or handled except packaged items received and resold
in unbroken metallic containers of not over one (1) gallon capacity
each; no Class II flammable liquids shall be stored or handled except
in unbroken metallic containers of not over five (5) gallons' capacity
each; no Class III flammable liquids may be stored or handled except
in approved containers of not more than one hundred twenty (120) gallons'
capacity each.
B.
Except in drug stores, no Class I or Class II flammable liquids shall
be dispensed or transferred for sale from one (1) container to another
in any mercantile building, except that antifreeze may be dispensed
in a building where there is no open flame-heating device lower than
eight (8) feet above floor level. Class III flammable liquids may
be dispensed inside of mercantile buildings from portable containers
or not more than one hundred twenty (120) gallons' capacity each.
[R.O. 2008 §525.180; Ord. No. 307 §719, 9-8-1980]
In commercial and industrial establishments where essential
operations require the use of larger quantities of flammable liquids
than are otherwise permitted by this Title, application outlining
the quantity required and the necessity therefor shall be filed with
the Board of Aldermen, who may issue special permit therefor providing
the conditions of such use and safeguards therefor are in conformity
with requirements contained in the 1951 Suggested Ordinance of the
National Fire Protection Association for the Storage, Handling and
Use of Flammable Liquids, or other nationally recognized standards.
[R.O. 2008 §525.190; Ord. No. 307 §720, 9-8-1980]
All wiring and electrical equipment for handling Class I or
Class II flammable liquids shall be designed and installed so as to
not create an ignition hazard. Electrical equipment designed and installed
in accordance with the Standard known as the National Fire Protection
Association shall be deemed to be in compliance with this Section.
[R.O. 2008 §525.200; Ord. No. 307 §721, 9-8-1980]
Class I and Class II flammable liquids shall not be handled,
drawn or dispensed where flammable vapors may reach a source of ignition.
Smoking where flammable liquids are handled, drawn or dispensed shall
be prohibited and at such locations "No Smoking" signs shall be conspicuously
posted.
[R.O. 2008 §525.210; Ord. No. 307 §722, 9-8-1980]
Suitable fire-control devices and equipment shall be available
at locations where flammable liquids are stored, handled, dispensed
or used in quantities requiring a permit under this Title, and such
device and equipment shall be of a type and design satisfactory to
the Chief of the Fire Department. Installation conforming with nationally
recognized standards, such as the National Board of Fire Underwriters'
Pamphlet No. 10 giving standards for installation of first aid appliances,
shall be deemed to be in compliance with this Section.
