A.
Arrangement. In any new subdivision the street, block and lot layouts shall conform to the arrangement, width and location indicated on the City Official Map, county jurisdictional highway system plan, comprehensive plan or plan component or neighborhood development plan, if any, of the City, town or county and shall be so designated as to be within the capability of the land and water resources; least disturb the existing terrain, flora, fauna and water regimen; and meet all the use, site, sanitary, floodland and shoreland regulations contained in the City Zoning Code and the Waukesha County Community Health Code. In areas for which such plans have not been completed, the street layout shall recognize the functional classification of the various types of streets and shall be developed and located in proper relation to existing and proposed streets, to the topography, to such natural features as streams and tree growth, to public convenience and safety, to the proposed use of the land to be served by such streets and to the most advantageous development of adjoining areas. The subdivision shall be designed so as to provide each lot with satisfactory solar access and access to a public street.
(1)
Arterial streets, as defined in § 392-8, shall be arranged so as to provide ready access to centers of employment, centers of governmental activity, community shopping areas, community recreation and points beyond the boundaries of the community. Arterial streets shall also be properly integrated with and related to the existing and proposed area-wide system of arterial streets and highways and shall be, insofar as practicable, continuous and in alignment with existing or planned streets with which they are to connect.
(2)
Collector streets, as defined in § 392-8, shall be arranged so as to provide ready collection of traffic from residential areas and conveyance of this traffic to the arterial street and highway system and shall be properly related to the mass transportation system, to special traffic generators such as schools, churches and shopping centers and other concentrations of population and to the arterial streets into which they connect.
(3)
Minor streets, as defined in § 392-8, shall be arranged to conform to the topography, discourage use by through traffic, permit the design of efficient storm and sanitary sewerage systems and require the minimum street area necessary to provide safe and convenient access to abutting property.
(4)
Proposed streets shall extend to the boundary lines of the tract being subdivided unless prevented by topography or other physical conditions or unless the City Plan Commission finds that such extension is not necessary or desirable for the coordination of the layout of the subdivision or for the advantageous development of the adjacent tracts.
(5)
Arterial street and highway protection. Whenever the proposed subdivision contains or is adjacent to an arterial street or highway, adequate protection of residential properties, limitation of access and separation of through and local traffic shall be provided by reverse frontage with screen planting contained in a non-access reservation along the rear property line or by the use of frontage streets consistent with Subsection B(1) of this section.
(6)
Public access shall be provided to all navigable stream or lake shores. Such access shall be at least 60 feet in width platted to the low-water mark at intervals of not more than 1/2 mile as required by § 236.16(3), Wis. Stats., unless greater intervals and wider access are agreed upon by the City Plan Commission, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the Department of Administration. All platted public access shall front on a public street, highway, parkway or other public way.[1]
(7)
Reserve strips shall not be provided on any plat to control access to streets or alleys, except where control of such strips is placed with the City under conditions approved by the Plan Commission.
(8)
Street names shall not duplicate or be similar to existing street names, and existing street names shall be projected wherever possible. Final approval of street names rests with the Common Council, upon recommendation of the Plan Commission, Public Works and Safety Committee and Police Department.
(9)
Access shall be provided in commercial and industrial areas for off-street loading and service areas unless otherwise required by the Plan Commission.
B.
Limited access highway and railroad right-of-way treatment. Whenever the proposed subdivision contains or is adjacent to a limited access highway, arterial or railroad right-of-way, the design shall provide the following treatment:
(1)
When lots within the proposed subdivision back upon the right-of-way of an existing or proposed limited access highway, arterial or a railroad, a planting strip at least 30 feet in depth shall be provided adjacent to the highway or railroad in addition to the normal lot depth. This strip shall be part of the platted lots but shall have the following restriction lettered on the face of the plat: "This strip reserved for the planting of trees and shrubs and the building of all structures excepting public or private utility structures hereon is prohibited."
(2)
Where commercial and industrial districts are involved there shall be provided, on each side of the limited access highway or railroad, streets approximately parallel to and at a suitable distance from such highway or railroad for the appropriate use of the land between such streets and highway or railroad, but shall not be less than 150 feet from the right-of-way of the limited access highway or railroad.
(3)
Streets parallel to a limited access highway or railroad right-of-way, when intersecting a major street and highway or collector street which crosses a railroad or highway, shall be located at a minimum distance of 250 feet from the highway or railroad right-of-way. Such distance, where desirable and practicable, shall be determined with due consideration of the minimum distance required for future separation of grades by means of appropriate approach gradients.
(4)
Minor streets immediately adjacent and parallel to railroad rights-of-way shall be avoided, and location of minor streets immediately adjacent to arterial streets and highways and railroad rights-of-way shall be avoided in residential areas.
C.
Street and pedestrianway design standards.
(1)
Minimum standards. The minimum right-of-way, construction standards and roadway width of all proposed streets and alleys shall be as specified by the City's standard specifications, Comprehensive Plan, Comprehensive Plan component, Official Map or neighborhood development plan or county jurisdictional highway system plan or, if no width is specified therein, the minimum width shall be as shown on Table 1 below.
(2)
Existing rural right-of-way. The suggested right-of-way widths indicated above are for urban sections; no rural sections are to be used. However, in the case of existing rural-type roadway sections, right-of-way widths shall be as follows:
Table 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
Right-of-Way Width (feet) | ||
Urban Street | ||
Arterial | 100 (minimum) | |
Collector | 80 | |
Minor | 60 | |
Pedestrianway | 10 | |
Rural Street | ||
Arterial | 100 (minimum) | |
Collector | 80 | |
Minor | 60 | |
(3)
Other requirements. Street sections are for standard streets only. Cross sections for freeways, expressways and parkways should be based upon detailed engineering studies. In addition:
(a)
Cul-de-sac streets. Cul-de-sac streets designed to have one end permanently closed shall not exceed 1,320 feet in length. Urban cul-de-sac streets shall typically terminate in a tear-drop turnaround having a minimum right-of-way radius of 60 feet and a minimum outside curb radius of 48 feet.
(4)
Street grades. Street grades shall be established wherever practicable so as to avoid excessive grading, the promiscuous removal of ground cover and tree growth, and general leveling of the topography. All changes in street grades shall be connected by vertical curves of a minimum length equivalent in feet to 30 times the algebraic difference in the rates of grade for arterial streets and 1/2 this minimum for all other streets.
(5)
Half streets. Where an existing dedicated or platted half street is adjacent to the tract being subdivided, the other half of the street shall be dedicated by the subdivider. The platting of new half streets shall not be permitted.
(6)
Roadway elevations. Elevations of roadways passing through floodland areas shall be designed in the following manner:
(a)
At least two feet above the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood elevation for arterial streets.
(b)
At least two feet above the ten-year recurrence interval flood elevation for minor streets.
(c)
At no less than the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood elevation for collector streets.
(7)
New and replacement bridges and culverts. All new and replacement bridges and culverts over perennial waterways, including pedestrian and other minor bridges, in addition to meeting other applicable requirements, shall be designed so as to accommodate the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood event without raising the peak stage, either upstream or downstream, more than 0.01 foot above the peak stage for the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood, as established in the applicable federal Flood Insurance Study or other technical study. Larger permissible flood stage increases may be acceptable for reaches having topographic land use conditions which could accommodate the increased stage without creating additional flood damage potential upstream or downstream of the proposed structure, provided that flood easements or other appropriate legal measures have been secured from all property owners affected by the excess stage increases. Such bridges and culverts shall be so designed and constructed as to facilitate the passage of ice floes and other debris. All new and replacement bridges shall be constructed in accordance with all applicable state statutes and codes, and plans shall be submitted to the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to assure compliance therewith.
(8)
Radii of curvature. When a continuous street center line deflects at any one point by more than 10°, a circular curve shall be introduced having a radius of curvature on the center line of not less than the following:
(a)
Arterial streets and highways: 500 feet.
(b)
Collector streets: 300 feet.
(c)
Minor streets: 150 feet.
(d)
The radius of curvature specified in the Wisconsin Department of Transportation Facilities Design Manual for the design speed of the facility. Use the greater of the number provided in the Facilities Design Manual or Subsection C(8)(a), (b) or (c). A tangent at least 100 feet in length shall be provided between reverse curves on arterial and collector streets.[2]
D.
Street intersections. Streets shall intersect each other at as nearly right angles as topography and other limiting factors of good design permit. In addition:
(1)
The number of streets converging at one intersection shall be reduced to a minimum, preferably not more than two.
(2)
The number of intersections along arterial streets and highways shall be held to a minimum. Wherever practicable the distance between such intersections shall not be less than 1,200 feet.
(3)
Property lines at intersections with collectors and arterial streets, as identified by the approved street and arterial system plan for the City of Muskego, shall be rounded with a minimum radius of 15 feet, or of a greater radius when required by the City Plan Commission, or shall be cut off by a straight line through the points of tangency of any arc having a radius of 45 feet.
(4)
Minor streets shall not necessarily continue across arterial or collector streets, but if the center lines of such minor streets approach the arterial streets from opposite sides within 300 feet of each other, measured along the center line of the arterial or collector street, then the location shall be so adjusted that the alignment across the arterial or collector street is continuous and a jog is avoided.