A.
Clearing and grubbing.
(1)
No clearing or excavating shall be started on any part of the street
until the Tree Warden has designated in writing those trees which
are to remain in the tree belt. Such trees to be preserved shall be
protected during construction by fenders or boxes.
(2)
The entire area within the right-of-way of each street shall be cleared
of all stumps, brush, roots, boulders and like material, except those
trees that are intended for preservation.
(3)
No perishable matter such as stumps, trunks, or limbs of trees or
brush shall be buried within the limits of the right-of-way lines.
(4)
All loam, peat, muck and other yielding material shall be removed
from the roadway, side slopes, driveway aprons and sidewalks.
B.
Gravel foundations.
(1)
Subgrade.
(a)
Within the roadway area, including driveway aprons, sidewalks,
and grass strips, all material shall be removed to subgrade and any
unsuitable material, in the opinion of the DPW Superintendent, below
subgrade shall be removed and shall be replaced with proper bank-run
gravel and brought to proper compaction. The depth of the subgrade
will be governed by existing conditions and shall be as specified
by the DPW Superintendent.
(b)
Where fill is required, it shall be placed in layers not deeper
than eight inches and shall be spread uniformly with the large stones
at the bottom.
(c)
Any gravel used as fill in the subbase shall be composed of
hard, durable stone and course sand, practically free from loam and
clay containing no stone having a dimension greater than six inches,
and when spread and compacted shall present a stable foundation.
(d)
Each layer shall be thoroughly compacted with a roller weighing
not less than 10 tons and rolling shall continue until a firm, even
surface true to line and grade is achieved. Any depressions shall
be filled and rerolled and any soft or unsuitable areas shall be removed
and replaced with suitable material and rolled.
(e)
The subgrade shall be shaped and finish-graded at the required
depth below and parallel to the proposed pavement surface, in conformance
with the Typical Street Cross-Section.
(2)
Gravel base.
(a)
The gravel base course shall consist of not less than 12 inches
of well-compacted gravel placed upon the subgrade the entire width
of the roadway in layers not greater than six inches deep.
(b)
When spreading the gravel, care should be taken to rake forward
and distribute the largest stones so they will be at the bottom of
the gravel base course and evenly distributed.
(c)
Each layer shall be thoroughly compacted with a roller weighing
not less than 10 tons, and rolling shall continue until a firm, even
surface true to line and grade is achieved. Any depression that appears
during or after rolling shall be filled with gravel and rerolled.
(d)
The gravel used in the base course shall conform to the specifications of the subgrade [Subsection B(1)(c)], except that it shall contain no stones having a dimension greater than four inches.
(e)
The gravel base surface shall be shaped and finish-graded at
the required depth below and parallel to the proposed pavement surface,
in conformance with the Typical Street Cross-Section.
A.
The roadway and driveway aprons shall be paved the entire width,
including under the berms, and the surface treatment shall be compacted
bituminous concrete placed in two layers.
B.
The first layer or binder course shall be Class I bituminous concrete
pavement, Type I-1, binder course mix, laid at a thickness of two
inches in accordance with Section 460 of the Massachusetts Department
of Transportation Standard Specifications for Highways and Bridges
(1988). The first layer or binder course must be in place at least
six months and have the approval of the DPW Superintendent before
the second layer or surface course is applied.
C.
The second layer or surface course shall be Class I bituminous concrete
pavement, Type I-1, top course mix, laid at a thickness of 1 1/2
inches in accordance with Section 460 of the Massachusetts Department
of Transportation Standard Specifications for Highways and Bridges
(1988).
D.
The plant mix material shall be delivered to the site in a hot and
easily workable condition, when weather conditions are satisfactory,
so that it can be properly placed on the appropriate base. Irregularities
in the existing foundation material shall be eliminated by the use
of extra bituminous material.
E.
All bituminous concrete shall be spread by an approved mechanical
spreader in a uniformly loose layer to the full width required and
to such thickness that each course, when compacted, shall have the
required thickness and shall conform to grade and the Typical Street
Cross-Section. Hand spreading of bituminous concrete material will
be allowed only for special areas which do not permit mechanical spreading
and finishing.
F.
Each course of bituminous material shall be rolled with a self-propelled,
equally balanced, tandem roller weighing not less than five tons nor
more than 10 tons. Places inaccessible to the power roller shall be
compacted by means of hand or vibratory tampers. Any displacement
caused by the roller shall be corrected by ranking and adding fresh
mixture where required.
G.
Traverse joints shall be formed by laying and rolling against a form
of the thickness of the compacted mixture placed across the entire
width of the pavement. When the laying of the mixture is resumed,
the exposed edge of the joint shall be painted with a thin coat of
hot asphalt or asphalt cement thinned with naphtha. The fresh mixture
shall be raked against the joint and thoroughly tamped with hot tampers
and rolled.
H.
The final bituminous surface shall show no deviation greater than
1/4 inch when tested with a sixteen-foot straight edge placed parallel
to the center line of the surface course.
I.
Finished roadway and driveway apron surface less than the required
thickness or containing any soft or imperfect places will not be approved.
J.
All roadways shall be brought up to the finish grade as shown on
the definitive plan, and all manhole covers, gate boxes, gas drips
and other access to underground utilities shall be set flush with
the surface of the road, grass strip or sidewalk.
A.
Bituminous concrete curbs of the type and dimensions as shown on
the Typical Street Cross-Section (see Appendix[1]) shall be required along both sides of the roadway, except
at curb inlets or where, in the opinion of the Planning Board, such
curbs are not necessary.
[1]
Editor's Note: The appendixes are available in the Town offices
and on the Town website: www.southhadley.org.
B.
The berms shall be constructed of Type I-1, Class I bituminous concrete,
and laid with a berm-forming machine.
C.
The curbs shall butt against all granite curb inlets and be constructed
so as to be true to line and grade after compaction. Any mixture which
becomes defective in any way shall be replaced with a fresh mixture.
D.
Under special conditions, specially constructed berms or gutters
may be required by the Planning Board, particularly in areas of heavy
slope.
E.
Bituminous concrete berms shall be applied onto the binder course
of roadway paving and the top course of pavement laid against the
face of the berm.
A.
In Type "A" subdivisions, the minimum driveway width within the right-of-way
shall be 12 feet, with at least a two-foot curb radius.
B.
In Type "B" subdivisions, the minimum driveway width within the right-of-way
shall be 30 feet, with at least a seven-foot curb radius.
C.
The rate of change of grade from property line to the pavement line
shall not be over one foot per 10 feet of distance.
D.
The nearest line of a driveway shall not be any closer than 50 feet
to the intersection of any two streets.
E.
Driveway apron construction shall consist of a twelve-inch rolled
gravel base, and the hardened surface shall be composed of the standard
1 1/2 inches of compacted binder course and one inch of compacted
surface course Type I-1, Class I bituminous concrete, rolled with
at least an eight-ton roller.
F.
A permit must be obtained from the State Department of Transportation
for all driveway entrances to a state highway, and such driveways
must conform to state standards.
G.
The gutter end of the paving of any driveway shall have a lip of
approximately one inch to 1 1/2 inches to control water flowing
along the street gutters.
A.
Sidewalks of not less than four feet in width shall be constructed
on one or both sides of the street starting at the property line,
when in the opinion of the Planning Board such sidewalks are necessary.
B.
Sidewalk construction shall consist of at least eight inches of select
gravel placed over a suitable subgrade, graded to a 1/4 inch per foot
slope and rolled with a minimum five-ton roller. The sidewalk surface
shall be composed of the standard 1 1/4 inches of compacted binder
course and 3/4 inch of compacted surface course Type I-1, Class I
bituminous concrete.
C.
The property side of the sidewalk shall be set at least six inches to the street from the property line. (See § 360-43, Monuments and markers.)
D.
Wheelchair ramps will be constructed to ADA (Americans with Disabilities
Act) standards.
A.
Where sidewalks are required, there shall be provided between the
curb or edge of the roadway a planted grass strip (see Typical Street
Cross-Section).
B.
The finished grade of such grass strips shall have a slope of 1/4
inch per foot toward the roadway, unless unusual topographic characteristics
exist wherein greater slopes may be approved by the Board.
C.
Only those trees approved by the Tree Warden or signs or poles approved
by the Town Engineer shall be permitted in the grass strip.
D.
Where no sidewalk is constructed, the grass strip between the lot
property line and the street line shall have a slope of 1/4 inch per
foot toward the roadway, unless unusual topographic characteristics
exist wherein greater slopes may be approved by the Board.
E.
All grass strips, side slopes, and unpaved areas within the right-of-way
shall contain a top of at least six inches of good-quality loam spread
over a suitable subgrade, screened, raked and rolled with a one-hundred-pound
roller. The loam shall be fertilized at a rate of 20 pounds per 100
square yards and then seeded with lawn seed at the rate of 3.6 pounds
per 100 yards and rolled. Any area which fails to show a uniform growth
of grass shall be reseeded until the entire area is covered with a
uniform growth of grass.
Bridges shall be designed in accordance with the design standards
of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation.
A.
Monuments shall be installed and centered at all street intersections
at all angle points and curvature of streets at other points as shown
on the definitive plan. Such monuments shall also be installed at
intervals of 250 feet on any straight portion of a street if such
portion is 500 feet in length or longer.
B.
Granite or reinforced concrete monuments shall be used, being not
less than four feet in length, dressed to six inches at the top with
a 3/8 inch hole drilled in the center and flared at the bottom. The
hole shall be filled with lead securely rammed in place.
C.
Iron rods, "rifle barrels" or other markers suitable to the Planning
Board shall be installed at every corner of each lot within the subdivision.
Such markers shall be at least three feet in length and their locations
shall be noted on the definitive plan.
D.
Monuments and markers shall be set vertically and suitable material
thoroughly compacted around each bound, with the tops of the monuments
and markers set flush with the finished grade.
E.
No permanent monument or marker shall be installed until all construction
which would disturb or destroy the monument or marker is completed.
F.
All monuments and markers shall be installed before the bond or covenant
is released.
A.
General standards. The installation of utilities and underground
structures shall conform to the following general standards:
(1)
All public and private sewers, surface water drains, water and gas
pipes, electric, telephone and cable TV lines, together with their
appropriate underground structures, within the street right-of-way,
shall be placed underground.
(2)
Underground utilities shall be installed after the street has been
excavated to subgrade.
(3)
The location of the utilities shall conform to the definitive plan
and the Typical Street Cross-Section, with the minimum cover as shown
on the Typical Street Cross-Section.
(4)
Material used surrounding and supporting pipes and conduits in the
utility trenches shall be screened gravel compacted at least six inches
in diameter around pipes, unless the trenches are in ledge, peat or
heavy clay, which requires 12 inches of the compacted, screened gravel.
(5)
Material used in backfilling utility trenches around underground
structures shall be placed in six-inch layers and thoroughly compacted
by pneumatic or vibratory tamps.
(6)
Gravity sewer lines shall be true to line and grade with no horizontal
or vertical curvature permitted.
(7)
No footing drains, roof drains or stormwater drains shall be connected
to the sanitary sewer system.
(8)
All lot connections shall be installed from the main structures in
the street to the exterior right-of-way line for each lot regardless
of whether there is a building thereon. In the case of a lot to be
used for a park or playground or any other purpose for which the Planning
Board deems lot connections are not necessary, installation of such
connections may be waived by the Board.
(9)
Private, on-site water supply wells shall be located a minimum of
100 feet from a leaching field, seepage pit or cesspool; 10 feet from
a sewer line; and 50 feet from a septic tank.
B.
Drainage system.
(1)
The storm drainage system shall be so designed to intercept stormwater
runoff from the entire portion of the drainage basin that drains to
or across the proposed subdivision, and provisions shall be made for
proper and adequate storm lines, structures, and channels to accommodate
upstream properties as well as affording protection from flooding
and erosion to adjacent and downstream properties.
(2)
In determining quantities of stormwater for system design, the rational
method should be used, unless another method is shown to be more appropriate
in specific cases, but in any event, the system should be designed
for a minimum of twenty-five-year storm frequency.
(3)
Discharge of stormwater shall be either into an existing, adequate
storm system or the nearest natural watercourse. Where necessary,
the developer shall obtain and convey to the Town drainage easements
on adjacent properties and be responsible for installation of pipe
and structures or channels at his expense.
(4)
Stormwater shall not be permitted to cross over the roadway on the
surface, and must be piped underneath the roadway.
(5)
The minimum diameter of storm drains in Type "A" subdivisions shall
be 12 inches and Type "B" subdivisions 15 inches, excluding footing
drains and subsurface connection pipes.
(6)
Catch basins shall be located on both sides of the roadway at intervals
of not more than 300 feet on continuous grades, and at low points
and sags in the roadway and near the corners of the roadway at intersecting
streets.
(7)
Maximum distance for surface runoff to flow upon the road surfaces
shall be 300 feet.
(8)
The methods of construction, and type of materials used shall conform
to the Massachusetts Department of Transportation's Standards and
Specifications, or the DPW Superintendent where applicable.
(9)
Where stormwater discharges into an open stream or channel, provisions
shall be made for proper stabilization of the stream channel.
(10)
As construction progresses, unforeseen groundwater conditions
may be encountered which require additional subdrains, curtain drains
and/or footing drains. These conditions include potential problems
if construction is in progress at a time of low water table or other
dry conditions. The Board, acting on the advice of the Department
of Public Works, reserves the right to require appropriate systems,
including stubs, to accommodate the problems.
(11)
The owner will be responsible for the maintenance and upkeep
of any detention ponds.
(12)
Through every phase of construction, no surface run-off will
drain onto the abutting public way or abutting private property.
C.
Sanitary sewer system.
(1)
Wherever, in the opinion of the Planning Board, the public sewerage
system is reasonably accessible and where connection to it is feasible,
the applicant shall properly connect all lots in the subdivision to
the public sewerage system.
(2)
The minimum diameter of public sewer pipes shall be eight inches,
unless a smaller size is recommended by the DPW Superintendent.
(3)
The methods of construction and type of materials used shall conform
to the Massachusetts Department of Transportation's Standards and
Specifications, or the DPW Superintendent where applicable.
(4)
A sewer extension permit application shall be filed by the applicant (see § 360-22B for further details).
(5)
Where a public sewerage system connection is infeasible or inaccessible,
a private on-site sewerage system shall be designed and constructed
in conformity with Article XI of the Sanitary Code of the Massachusetts
Department of Public Health, and subject to approval and in conformity
with the rules and regulations of the South Hadley Board of Health.
(6)
If a subdivision is to be located in an area where a public sewerage
system connection is infeasible, but within five years from date of
submission of the definitive plan a public sewerage system is planned
to be installed by the Town, as confirmed by the Selectmen, the applicant
may be required, at the request of the Planning Board, to install
at his expense street sewers, structures and laterals (i.e., dry sewers).
(7)
Sewer connection fees, in accordance with the Sewer Department's
fee schedule, shall be paid prior to issuance of a building permit(s)
for an individual lot(s).
D.
Water systems.
(1)
Where available and feasible, all lots in a subdivision shall connect
to the appropriate water service system: Water Department, Fire Districts
No. 1 and No. 2.
(2)
All water mains, fittings, gates and hydrants shall be installed
in conformity with the specifications of the respective Water Departments,
and in accordance with the definitive plan as approved by the Planning
Board.
(3)
Where connection to a water district system is infeasible, the applicant
shall make provisions to serve every lot with an adequate supply of
potable water approved by the Board of Health.
(4)
A laboratory test of the water quality shall be required and submitted
to the Board of Health for all private on-site systems.
E.
Electrical, telephone and other wires. All electrical, telephone,
fire alarm, cable TV and other wires and cables shall be installed
underground, unless, in the opinion of the Planning Board and the
appropriate utility company, such installation is impractical or not
in the best interest of the Town. Installation of the underground
electrical distribution system shall be in accordance with the specifications
and regulations of the South Hadley Electric Light Department.
Planting operations and requirements for trees and plantings
contained herein shall be in accordance with the standards and specifications
of the American Nurseryman Association and the Associated Landscape
Contractors of Massachusetts.
A.
Street trees.
(1)
There shall be two trees, which may be existing or newly planted,
for each lot in the subdivision.
(2)
If trees are existing trees, they must be approved as to health and
suitability by the Tree Warden, and if newly planted they must be
approved by the Tree Warden as to their species, size and location.
(3)
No dead, damaged or diseased tree existing as such at the time of
approval of the plan, and no tree injured in the course of work, shall
be permitted to stand on any lot within a subdivision, and upon orders
from the Tree Warden, the subdivider shall remove the same at his
own expense, together with the stump and roots thereof.
(5)
Large-growing trees should be spaced at intervals of 50 feet to 60
feet, medium-growing trees at intervals of 30 feet to 40 feet, and
small-growing trees at intervals of 20 feet to 30 feet. On the side
of the street where overhead wires are present, large- and medium-growing
trees should be planted within the front yard of the individual property
owner, away from such wires.
(6)
Where possible, and with the approval of the Tree Warden, the street
trees should be of different varieties. Trees shall be located at
least 10 feet from any underground utilities.
B.
Cul-de-sac plantings. With the approval of the Planning Board, the
central radius of a cul-de-sac may be planted with perennial grass
(sod or seed), ornamental shrubs, or retention of existing vegetation.
Suitable mulch shall be used between plants for weed control.
C.
Bank plantings.
(1)
All cut and filled bankings, or portions thereof, that are susceptible
to eroding or any building lots where fill or excavation has changed
the contours such that drainage to adjoining parcels will be affected
shall be planted with low- or very-low-growing plantings, herbaceous
plants or sod grass (see list in appendix[2]).
[2]
Editor's Note: The appendixes are available in the Town offices
and on the Town website: www.southhadley.org.
(2)
Suitable mulch shall be spread liberally for weed and erosion control.
D.
Intersection plantings. No small trees, shrubs or herbaceous plants
that tend to obstruct visibility at street intersections shall be
permitted within 100 feet of the point of intersection of the curb
or exterior roadway lines along both sides of the corner lot at the
intersection.
Streetlighting shall be installed along all streets in accordance
with the Electric Light Department's specifications.
Street name signs shall be the standard street name signs made
by the South Hadley Highway Department at the applicant's expense.
Such signs shall be erected by the applicant at each street intersection
near the inside edge of the curb, subject to approval by the DPW Superintendent.
The posts of these signs shall be buried in concrete blocks 10 inches
in diameter and 24 inches in length.
After final approval of all the improvements in the subdivision
and before final release of the performance guarantee, the applicant
shall furnish the Board with two copies (one copy for the Board and
the other for the DPW Superintendent) of an "as-built plan" showing
location and grades of road as built, as well as all utilities as
installed, including inverts of drainage and sewerage systems, and
swing ties at 60° and 120° apart for all ends and intersections
of pipes that are buried. Such plans may be Mylar or linen copies
of the complete set of definitive Plans REVISED into "as-built plans."
After completion of construction and before release of the performance
guarantee, the subdivider shall remove all temporary structures, debris,
surplus materials and rubbish, and shall otherwise leave the area
in a neat and orderly appearance.