A.
Applicability. The design regulations of this section apply to all
building types in the X Districts, unless otherwise stated.
B.
Intent.
(1)
General. The regulations of this § 475-901, in conjunction with the building types regulations of §§ 475-303 through 475-308, are intended to improve the physical quality of buildings, improve the long-term value and durability of buildings, enhance the pedestrian experience, and protect or establish the character of the Village.
(2)
Durable, high-quality. The minimum design regulations are intended
to ensure use of well-tested, high-quality, durable, weather-resistant,
exterior grade, preferably natural materials on the majority of finished
surfaces, while permitting a wider range of materials for details.
High-quality materials can improve the quality of buildings in that
they weather well, have a lower failure rate, require a low level
of maintenance, have a longer life cycle and sense of permanence,
and maintain higher long-term value.
(3)
Simple, well-organized facades. The design regulations are intended
to promote simpler, well-organized facades that are easy to comprehend
and have a clear hierarchy.
(4)
Human-scaled building units. The design regulations are intended
to yield building facade proportions that are comfortable to and in
line with the scale of people. Additionally, a high level of detail
relates facades to pedestrians and makes them more interesting and
inviting.
C.
Major facade materials. At least 65% of each street and nonstreet
facade surface, not including window and door areas, must be composed
of major materials in accordance with the regulations of Table 9-3.
Table 9-3
Allowed Major Facade Materials
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Key:
•
|
= allowed
| |||
Building Types
| ||||
Major Facade Material
(alphabetical)
|
Storefront, General, Riverfront Building
|
Commercial Cottage
|
Row Building
| |
A |
Brick
Full dimensional, unit, face brick
|
•
|
•
|
•
|
B C |
Concrete Masonry Units
Architectural, minimum 3 inches in depth, artisan stone look,
varied sizes, (Eschelon Masonry or approved equal), stone face, hewn
stone, rock cut
|
•
|
•
|
•
|
D |
Fiber Cement Board
Panels, finished lap siding or shingles
|
•
|
•
| |
Stone
Natural, units
|
•
|
•
|
•
| |
F |
Stucco
Cement-based, 2- to 3-layer hard coat
|
•
|
•
| |
G |
Wood
Painted, stained, or treated lap siding, shingles
|
•
|
(2)
Side and rear facades. Permitted major facade materials must
continue around the corner of a building from the street facade onto
the side or rear facade for no less than 30 feet along the side or
rear facade. See Table 9-3.
(3)
Other materials. An administrative design exception may be approved in accordance with § 475-1107 for materials not listed as permitted materials.
(4)
Color. The paint or finish colors of any major materials requiring
an applied finish must be from an historic palette from any major
paint manufacturer. Other colors may be used for details and accent
materials.
D.
Minor facade materials.
(1)
Maximum minor materials for surface areas. A maximum of 35%
of each facade surface, not including window and door areas, may be
composed of minor facade materials in accordance with the regulations
of Table 9-4.
Table 9-4
Minor Facade Materials
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Allowed major facade materials are allowed as minor facade materials,
unless otherwise expressly prohibited in Table 9-6.
| ||||
Minor Facade Material
(alphabetical)
|
Allowed on Building Types/Districts
|
Allowed Facades
|
Maximum Amount on Each Facade
| |
Brick
Economy size
|
All
|
Nonstreet facades only
|
100%
| |
Brick
Thin, veneer
|
All
|
Nonstreet facades only
|
100%
| |
Concrete surfaces
Finished stained, painted, treated
|
All
|
All, below first floor
|
20%
| |
Concrete masonry units
Minimum 3 inches in depth, split-faced, burnished/ground face,
glazed, or honed
|
All except commercial cottage
|
Nonstreet facades only
|
100%
| |
H |
Fiber cement board, composite
Finished panels, finished lap siding or shingles
|
All
|
All, except a major material is required at grade up to 2 feet
and adjacent to entrances.
|
35%
|
Glass
Curtain wall
|
All except commercial cottage
|
All facades
|
35%
| |
I |
Metal
Architectural panel system with concealed fasteners
|
All except commercial cottage
|
All, except a major material is required at grade up to 2 feet
and adjacent to entrances.
|
35%
|
Metal, composite
Aluminum composite materials (ACM) or panels (ACP) with concealed
fasteners
|
All
|
Nonstreet facades only
|
35%
| |
J |
Metal, corten
Panels or panel systems, not ribbed or corrugated with concealed
fasteners
|
All
|
All
|
20%
|
Stucco
Cement-based, 2- to 3-layer hard coat
|
All
|
All
|
35% of street facade, 100% on other facades
| |
Stucco
Synthetic or with elastomeric finishes
|
All
|
Only third or higher stories all facades
|
35%
| |
Terra cotta or ceramic
Tiles or panels
|
All
|
All
|
20%
| |
Vinyl siding
Minimum 0.38 inches thick
|
Allowed only on row building in NX District
|
All
|
60% of street facade, 100% on other facades
| |
K |
Wood
Natural, aged lap siding, shingles, rainscreen system
|
All
|
All
|
20%
|
L |
Wood, composite
Rainscreen system
|
All
|
All
|
40%
|
(2)
Accents and details. Additional materials are permitted for
trim, accents, and details in accordance with the regulations of Table
9-5, not included in the maximum surface area.
Table 9-5
Allowed Detail and Accent Materials
| |
---|---|
All permitted major and minor facade materials may be used for
details, trim, and accents on all facades
| |
M |
Concrete details
Precast stone ornamentation, lintels, sills, banding, columns,
beams
|
Fiber cement details
Trim, soffits
| |
N |
Metal details
Trim, ornamentation, lintels, beams, columns
|
Wood and wood composite details
Painted/treated trim, soffits, other approved details
| |
O |
Vinyl details
Limited to soffits, window trim; minimum 0.04 inches thick
|
Table 9-6
Prohibited Materials
| |
---|---|
The following building materials are prohibited
| |
P |
Concrete, unfinished
Untreated, unstained, unpainted
|
Fiberglass and acrylic panels
all
| |
Q |
Glass block
|
R |
Metal panels
Nonsystem, corrugated or ribbed panels
|
S |
Plastic panels
All, including high-density polyethylene and polycarbonate panels
|
T |
Stucco mouldings or synthetic stucco mouldings
Trim, sills, cornices, banding, columns, pilasters or other
3-dimensional details
|
Wood
Unfinished, untreated plywood and wood panels
|
E.
Pitched roof materials. Allowed pitched roof materials include dimensional
asphalt composite shingles, wood shingles and shakes, metal tiles
or standing seam, slate, and ceramic tile. Engineered wood or slate
may be approved through the administrative design exception process
with an approved sample and documented examples of successful, high-quality
installations within 100 miles of the site.
F.
Materials installation quality. The intent of the materials installation
quality regulations is to advance the quality of construction, durability,
and aesthetics of new buildings, specifically related to application
and detailing of facade materials. Changes in vertical surface materials
for buildings must comply with the following regulations:
(1)
Changes in surface materials. Changes in surface materials,
whether major materials or minor materials, may only occur at concave
corners, minimum 12 inches deep. Surface materials are materials intended
to cover the facade surface (such as unit materials, siding, stucco,
panels) and do not include detail materials, such as but not limited
to cast stone for lintels or cornices, exposed metal beams, or any
material used to create a shadow line.
(2)
Materials hierarchy. Unit materials must be elevated from the
face of the building above less detailed surface materials. For example,
stucco, as a constant surface material, must be recessed behind a
bricked surface. See Figure 9-2 for an example, where Material A is
brick, Material B metal panels, and Material C stucco.
(3)
Shadow lines on surfaces. Shadow lines must be created at changes
in materials with solid materials of a thickness that is greater than
two inches, such as cast stone, masonry, or stone. For example, cast
stone pieces may be offset to create a shadow where the convex corner
of the piece is used to create the corner of the detail.
(4)
Appropriate grade of materials. Except the row building type,
all doors, windows, and hardware must be of commercial grade quality.
(5)
Applique materials. Materials with thickness of less than 2.5
inches, including but not limited to stucco, may not be used or formed
to create shadow lines.
(6)
Stucco installation. Any stucco construction must be of the
highest installation quality and comply with the following criteria:
(a)
All stucco joints must be aligned along the facade in the pattern
shown on the elevations submitted for the site plan approval. Joints
must also align with the locations of windows and doors and other
changes in material.
(b)
The stucco wall assembly must be indicated on the plans specifying
stucco type and construction.
(7)
Design exception. Modification to these material installation
regulations may be approved through an administrative design exception.
G.
Windows. Windows on street and public way facades of all buildings
are subject to the following regulations:
(1)
Amount. Each building must comply with the transparency regulations
applicable to the subject building type.
(2)
Recessed. All windows, with the exception of ground-story storefront
systems and glass curtain wall systems, must be recessed with the
glass a minimum of two inches back, measured from the facade surface
material or adjacent trim.
(3)
Vertical orientation. All windows must be vertically oriented
except that when a flat building cap is used, horizontally oriented
windows may be used for up to 30% of the total transparency area of
each upper story.
(4)
Visibility through glass. Reflective glass and glass block are prohibited on street and public way facades. Windows must comply with the transmittance and reflectance factors established in the transparency definition. (See § 475-1502.)
H.
Shutters. When functional or nonfunctional shutters are used on a
street or public way facade, the shutters must comply with the following
regulations. See Figure 9-5 for examples of shutters.
(1)
Size. All shutters must be sized for the windows, so that, if
the shutters were to be closed, they would not be too small for complete
coverage of the window.
(2)
Materials. Shutters must be wood, metal, or fiber cement. Other
synthetic and engineered woods may be approved through an administrative
design exception, provided that the applicant submits a sample and
examples of high-quality, local installations of the material, located
within 100 miles of the site.
I.
Awnings, canopies, and light shelves. Awnings, canopies, and light
shelves on all buildings must be constructed in accordance with the
regulations of this subsection. See Figure 9-4 for examples of awnings.
(1)
Encroachment. Detachable awnings and canopies may encroach upon
a required setback to within one foot of a lot line, but may not extend
into a right-of-way or easement.
(2)
Attached awnings and canopies. Awnings and canopies that are
attached to the building and removable are subject to the following
regulations:
(a)
Material. All awnings and canopies must be canvas or metal.
Plastic awnings are prohibited. Other materials may be approved with
an administrative design exception.
(b)
Shapes. Waterfall or convex, dome, and elongated dome awnings are permitted only when approved as an administrative design exception in accordance with § 475-1107.
(c)
Lighting. Backlit awnings are prohibited.
(d)
Structures. Frames must be metal and must be wall-mounted. Support
poles from the ground are prohibited unless the awning is over eight
feet in depth and used for outdoor eating areas or entrances.
(3)
Multiple awnings on the facade. When more than one awning is
mounted on a facade, the awning types and colors must be coordinated.
(4)
Canopies and light shelves. Permanent canopies, projections,
or overhangs used as architectural features, light shelves, or shading
devices are permitted.
(5)
Clearance. All portions of any awning, canopy, or light shelf
must provide at least eight feet of clearance over any walkway and
15 feet of clearance over vehicular areas.
J.
Balconies. Balconies on a facade facing any street, courtyard, open
space, or public way must comply with the regulations of this subsection.
See Figure 9-6 for examples of balconies.
(1)
Definition. For the purpose of this subsection, "balconies"
must include any roofed or unroofed platform that projects from the
wall of a building above grade that is enclosed only by a parapet
or railing. This definition does not include false balconies, juliet
balconies, or balconettes.
(2)
Balconettes. Sometimes referred to as juliet balconies, balconettes
are false balconies consisting of a rail and door, either without
an outdoor platform or with an outdoor platform less than 18 inches
in depth. Balconettes are permitted and do not count towards the maximum
permitted amount of balcony on a street facade.
(3)
Size. Balconies must be a minimum of four feet deep and five
feet wide.
(4)
Integrated design. Balconies are intended to be integrated with
the design of the facade, avoiding tacking the balconies onto the
facade after the elevation has been designed.
(5)
Platform. The balcony platform must be at least three inches
thick, and any underside of a balcony that is visible from any public
way must be finished.
(6)
Facade coverage. A maximum of 35% of the public way frontage
facades, calculated separately for each facade, may be covered by
balconies. The balcony area is calculated by drawing a rectangle around
the following: the platform or floor of the balcony; any rails, walls,
columns or indentations; and any ceiling, roof, or upper balcony.
(7)
Build-to zone requirement. The portion of the facade occupied
by an upper-story balcony is exempt from build-to zone regulation.
(8)
Right-of-way. Balconies may not extend into any right-of-way
or easements except as otherwise approved by the Village.
K.
Principal entryway. See Figure 9-7 for examples of defined principal
entryways. Principal entrances to all buildings or units must be clearly
delineated through one or more of the following design features:
(1)
Roof or canopy. The entryway is covered by a roof or canopy
differentiating it from the overall building roof type.
(2)
Porch. The entryway is through a porch.
(3)
Sidelights and transom. Sidelights or transom windows are included
around the entryway.
(4)
Extended articulation. The entryway is included in a separate
bay of the building that extends up at least two stories.
L.
Building articulation. The building articulation regulations of this
subsection apply to all building types. See Figure 9-9 for examples
of building facade variety and articulation of stories.
(1)
Building facade variety. Each public way facade 120 feet in
length or greater, as measured along any street or public way frontage
must be varied in segments less than or equal to 90 feet. Each facade
segment must vary in at least three of the following ways:
(a)
The type of dominant material or by color, scale, or orientation
of that material;
(b)
The proportion of recesses and projections within the build-to
zone;
(c)
The location of the entrance and window placement;
(d)
Roof type, plane, or material, unless otherwise stated in the
building type requirements; or
(e)
Building heights.
(2)
Articulation of stories. Stories must be articulated on street
and public way facing facades.
(a)
Fenestration or window placement on street facades must be organized
by stories.
(b)
Horizontal shadow lines and lintels over openings may be used
to delineate stories with minimum shadow lines as required for the
subject building type.
(c)
Mezzanines that fall within the range of floor-to-floor heights
of the building type must be articulated on the facade and require
separate calculation for transparency.
(d)
Spaces exceeding the allowable floor-to-floor heights of the
building type must be articulated as multiple stories on the street
facade.
M.
Arcade design. See Figure 9-8 for an illustration of an arcade. The
following requirements apply to arcades. An arcade is a covered pedestrian
walkway within the recess of a ground story.
(1)
Depth. An open-air public walkway must be recessed from the
principal facade of the building a minimum of eight feet and a maximum
of 15 feet.
(2)
Build-to zone. When an arcade is used, the outside face of the
arcade is to be construed to be the front facade, located within the
required build-to zone.
(3)
Column spacing. Columns must be spaced between 10 feet and 12
feet on center.
(4)
Column width. Columns must be a minimum of one foot eight inches
and a maximum two feet four inches in width.
(5)
Arcade openings. Openings may not be flush with the interior
arcade ceiling and may be arched or straight.
(6)
Horizontal facade division. A horizontal shadow line must define
the ground-story facade from the upper stories.
(7)
Visible basement. A visible basement is not permitted.
(8)
Exception. An administrative design exception may be submitted
for approval of an alternate arcade design.
N.
Vistas. Views down streets must be considered when laying out streets
and locating open space, parking, and buildings. See Figure 9-10 for
an illustration of a vista.
(1)
Rears of buildings. The location of open space and streets may
not create views of the rear of buildings or parking behind buildings.
(2)
Parking. Parking structures and surface parking lots are not
permitted at the termination of a street vista.
(3)
Street termini. When a street terminates at a parcel, the parcel
must be occupied by open space or a building, as follows:
(a)
If the parcel is open space, a vertical element must terminate
the view. Acceptable vertical elements include, but are not limited
to, a stand or group of trees, a sculpture, a gazebo or other public
structure, or a fountain.
(b)
If the parcel is not used as an open space, the facade of a
building, whether fronting a primary street or not, must terminate
the view. The building must incorporate a tower, a bay or a courtyard
to terminate the view.
O.
Garage doors. The following requirements apply to garage doors provided
on any street facade.
(1)
Location.
(a)
Primary frontages. Garage doors are permitted on primary street
facades only when used for patio access, open air dining, or display
and not used for vehicular access.
(b)
Nonprimary frontages. Garage doors may be permitted on nonprimary
street facades with direct access to the street where permitted by
building type.
(c)
Interior lot facades. The preferred location is on interior
lot facades.
(2)
Recessed from facades. Garage doors located on street-facing
facades must be recessed a minimum of three feet from the dominant
facade of the principal building facing the same street.
(3)
Design.
(a)
Garage doors facing a nonprimary street and intended to be closed
during business hours must be clad with materials consistent with
the design of the building.
(b)
On primary frontage facades, garage doors must be a minimum
of 50% glass.
(c)
Carriage-style windows in the door or upgraded architectural
doors are required on the row building type.
P.
Ground story at sloping facades. See Figure 9-11 for examples of
ground story treatments.
(1)
Storefront. The following regulations apply to all nonstorefront
facades along sloping streets:
(a)
Grade transitions on the building along the sidewalk should
be designed to maximize active pedestrian-scale frontages between
waist and eye level while minimizing blank walls.
(b)
The interior floor level must step to match the exterior grade
within three feet. With approval of an administrative design exception,
changes in grade may be accommodated by a storefront window display
space.
(c)
Knee wall and retaining walls may not exceed 30 inches in height
except along a maximum fifteen-foot section of facade length.
(d)
If grade change is more than nine feet along a single block
face, entrance requirements may be increased to one entrance per 90
feet of building frontage.
(e)
If grade change is more than nine feet along a single block
face, building entrances adjacent to the street must be within three
feet of the elevation of the adjacent sidewalk.
(2)
Nonstorefronts. The following regulations apply to all nonstorefront
facades along sloping streets:
(a)
Grade transitions at the building along the sidewalk must be
designed to minimize blank walls. Multiple front entrances along the
street activate each segment of building section at each grade.
(b)
The interior floor level must step to match the changes in exterior
grade within a three-foot range. With an administrative design exception
approval, deeper transition zones between the sidewalk and building
facade of porches, terraces, and landscape areas may be used to assist
with grade changes.
(c)
Changes can be accommodated by terraced planters and retaining
walls. Retaining walls may not exceed 30 inches in height except along
a maximum fifteen-foot section of frontage.
(d)
When the elevation of the first floor is more than three feet
above grade, windows should be provided into the basement or lower
floor elevations.
Q.
Mechanical equipment and appurtenances. Mechanical equipment and
appurtenances can have a negative visual impact and detract from the
quality of the design of a building. The purpose of these regulations
is to ensure that the visual impact of mechanical equipment and appurtenances
is minimized. See Figure 9-9 for illustrations.
(1)
Mechanical equipment in building. Mechanical equipment must
be located within the building, unless the applicant demonstrates
the equipment is necessary for the function of the building and locating
the equipment within the building would conflict with the equipment's
function.
(2)
Rooftop mechanical equipment. Any rooftop mechanical equipment,
such as but not limited to vents, ducts, condensers, and ventilators,
and not including solar panels, must be located consistent with one
of the following methods:
(a)
Incorporate equipment into the roof design consistent with the applicable building cap regulations of § 475-309.
(b)
Set the equipment back a minimum of 20 feet from any street
or public way facade.
(c)
To the extent practicable, all rooftop mechanical must be painted
to blend with the structural roof and limit its visibility.
(d)
Rooftop mechanical equipment visible from adjacent highways
must be screened with materials consistent with the building design.
(3)
Mechanical equipment and utility appurtenances on facades. Mechanical
equipment and utility appurtenances may not be located on a facade
unless the applicant demonstrates that locating the equipment in a
different location would conflict with the equipment's function. Any
equipment or appurtenance approved on a facade, such as dryer vents,
gas meters, and air conditioners are subject to the following regulations:
(a)
The mechanical equipment may be located on a primary facade
only if the following requirements are met:
(b)
Multiple pieces of mechanical equipment must be organized on
the facade in a regular pattern and aligned. Compliance with this
regulation must be illustrated on the drawing elevations submitted
as part of the application.
(c)
To the extent practicable, facade-mounted mechanical appurtenances
must be located on a material that limits their visibility. For example,
dark colored vents will be more visible on light colored stucco than
a textured, darker surface such as brick.
(4)
Mechanical equipment and utility appurtenances on other horizontal
surface. Mechanical equipment and utility appurtenances located on
the ground, decks, or horizontal surfaces other than the roof (e.g.,
electrical equipment and air conditioners) are subject to the following
regulations:
(a)
No encroachment. Mechanical equipment may not extend into any
Village right-of-way or easement.
(b)
Yard location. Mechanical equipment may not be located in a
front or street side yard.
(c)
Screening from streets and civic spaces.
[1]
All equipment must be screened from view from any streets, open
space, or civic space with landscaping, fencing, or walls consistent
with the building design, colors, and materials.
[2]
Where landscaping only is employed, a single row of evergreen shrubs must fully screen the equipment within one year of installation. The Planning Director may require additional landscape materials. See § 475-903 for landscape regulations.
[3]
Where landscaping is employed, the utility must be located in
a larger landscape area and the landscape screen must be designed
as part of the bed design.
(5)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is authorized to approve
appurtenances located on a primary street only if the following conditions
are met:
(a)
The applicant demonstrates that the equipment cannot be located
in a rear yard, nonprimary street yard, or in a side yard.
(b)
No utility cabinets, boxes, or other appurtenances are within
200 feet along the same side of the street as the proposed utility
appurtenance.
(c)
The appurtenance is fully screened in a manner that is consistent
with the building design, colors, and materials and of a height that
is the minimum to adequately screen the appurtenance and that does
not prevent the facade from fulfilling any transparency requirements.
See Figure 9-14 for examples of poorly located, unscreened equipment
on primary streets.
(d)
The appurtenance is located a minimum of 35 feet from a street
intersection, measured from the intersection of the curbline, and
does not impact the sight vision clearance at intersections.
(6)
Design exception. An administrative design exception may be
requested for an alternate mechanical equipment location and screening
design.
A.
Parking structures. Parking structures along any nonprimary street
frontage must comply with the following. See Figure 9-15 for one illustration
of a parking structure.
(1)
Location. Parking structures are permitted in the rear of any
lot. Frontage is permitted along nonprimary streets only.
(2)
Materials. The major and minor material requirements of § 475-901 must be met on all street facades. Additional permitted minor material is stained, finished concrete.
(3)
Ramps and slopes. Ramps and slopes must be located on nonstreet
facades.
(4)
Vertical divisions. Vertical divisions extending the full height
of the structure are required every 30 feet to de-emphasize the horizontal
decks. Divisions must be a minimum of two feet in width with a minimum
projection of two inches.
(5)
Blank wall limitations. No rectangular area greater than 30%
of any story's facade, as measured from floor to floor, and no horizontal
segment of a story's facade greater than 15 feet in width may be solid,
blank wall.
(6)
Entry tower. A defined pedestrian entrance/exit is required
separate from the vehicular entrance and directly accessing the sidewalk.
If the space is enclosed, windows are required to provide transparency
of at least 65%.
B.
Fueling stations. Fueling stations and car washes must comply with
the following. Refer to Figure 9-16 for one illustration of a compliant
fuel station.
(1)
Location of pumps. Any fueling pumps shall be located in the
rear or interior side yard.
(2)
Convenience store/building. A building on the premises of a
fueling station shall be located in the build-to zone and shall occupy
any corner. The building shall fulfill all requirements of the building
type with the exception of the minimum primary frontage coverage and
the minimum height requirement.
(3)
Car wash facility. Any car wash facility shall be located in the rear of the lot. Vehicle entrance doors may be located on the rear facade, nonprimary street facade, or an interior facade not visible from the primary street. Vehicular entrances are prohibited on the primary street facade, unless otherwise approved through an administrative design exception. (See § 475-1107.)
A.
Purposes. The landscape and screening regulations of this section
establish minimum requirements for landscaping and screening. The
regulations are intended to advance the general purposes of this chapter
and to help:
(1)
Maintain and enhance the Village's appearance;
(2)
Mitigate possible adverse impacts of higher-intensity land uses
abutting lower-intensity land uses;
(3)
Reduce the impacts of noise and glare;
(4)
Maintain and improve air quality;
(5)
Protect surface water quality and reduce the negative impacts
of stormwater runoff by providing vegetated areas that filter and
absorb stormwater;
(6)
Moderate heat by providing shade;
(7)
Encourage wise use of water resources; and
(8)
Encourage preservation and replacement of existing trees and
vegetation.
B.
Applicability.
(1)
The landscape and screening regulations of this article apply
to lots occupied by multiunit residential buildings and to lots in
mixed-use, commercial and employment zoning districts, as further
identified in the individual subsections of this article.
C.
Approvals. The Planning and Zoning Administrator may request the
Village Forester to components of this section.
D.
Street trees.
(1)
Purpose. Street trees help maintain and enhance the appearance
of the Village, contribute to pedestrian safety and comfort and offer
environmental benefits by allowing the infiltration of stormwater,
reducing urban heating and improving air quality.
(2)
Applicability. The street tree planting requirements of this
section apply to all the following, except as otherwise expressly
stated:
(a)
Construction of any principal building or nonaccessory parking;
(b)
Any addition to or enlargement of an existing principal building
when the addition or enlargement exceeds 20% of the building's existing
floor area; and
(c)
Any increase in impervious coverage on the subject lot that
exceeds 20% of the lot's existing impervious coverage.
(3)
Number. At least one large tree must be installed per 50 feet
of street frontage. If large trees are not appropriate due to the
presence of overhead lines, other obstructions or site visibility
considerations, as determined by the Planning and Zoning Administrator,
at least one small tree must be installed per 30 feet of street frontage.
Instead of installing required street trees, the applicant may elect
to pay into the Village's Tree for a Fee Fund in an amount established
by the Village Board.
(4)
Location.
(a)
Required street trees must be located in the boulevard of the
street right-of-way unless the Planning and Zoning Administrator determines
that obstructions or other factors prevent tree planting within this
area, in which case required street trees must be installed on the
subject property within 20 feet of the street right-of-way.
(b)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is expressly authorized
to approve payment into the Village's Tree for a Fee Fund for Village
installation of trees in the right-of-way.
(c)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is expressly authorized
to approve an alternative compliance landscape plan for installation
of street trees in alternative locations or payment into the Village's
Tree for a Fee Fund when circumstances prevent street tree planting
or when compliance with street tree planting location requirements
would result in a poor growing environment for the tree or damage
to public or private improvements.
(d)
Required street trees must be located within pervious landscape
areas or within tree wells.
(5)
Spacing. Street trees are not required to be evenly spaced,
but the distance between street trees may not exceed 75 feet.
E.
Parking lot screening.
(1)
Purpose. The parking lot screening regulations of this section
are intended to help mitigate the visual and operational impacts of
parking lots when such areas are adjacent to streets or residential
zoning districts.
(2)
Applicability. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the parking
lot screening regulations of this section apply to all the following:
(a)
The construction or installation of any new parking lot with
a contiguous paved area of 3,500 square feet or more; and
(b)
The expansion of any existing parking lot that results in the
addition of 3,500 square feet of paved area, in which case the parking
lot screening requirements of this section apply only to the expanded
area.
(3)
Street frontage screening.
(a)
When a parking lot is located adjacent to a street right-of-way,
parking lot screening must be provided in accordance with the regulations
of this section to visually screen the parking lot from the right-of-way.
(b)
Parking lot screening is required only when the parking lot
is located within 100 feet of the right-of-way and there are no intervening
buildings between the parking lot and the right-of-way.
(c)
Except as expressly stated for parking lots in the MX1 Zoning
District, parking lot screening areas must be at least seven feet
in width.
(d)
In the MX1 Zoning District, required parking lot screening areas
must be at least three feet in width.
(e)
To provide visual screening of parking lots, evergreen shrubs
must be planted to form a continuous visual barrier (hedge) at least
three feet in height. A screening wall with a minimum height of three
feet and a maximum height of 3.5 feet may be substituted for the shrubs.
Walls used to satisfy parking lot screening requirements must be constructed
of brick, stone, cast stone, formed concrete or similar durable, low-maintenance
materials. Walls and hedges must be located out of the vision triangle
for driveways.
(4)
R District screening.
(a)
When a parking lot is located adjacent to an R-zoned lot, R
District screening must be provided in the form of either of the following
options:
(b)
When located in a required street setback, R District screening
fences and walls may not exceed three feet in height.
(c)
R District screening is required only when the parking lot is
located within 100 feet of an abutting R-zoned lot and there are no
intervening buildings between the parking lot and the abutting R-zoned
lot.
(5)
Vehicle overhangs. A portion of a motor vehicle parking space
may be landscaped instead of paved to meet parking lot screening requirements.
The landscaped area may be up to two feet of the front of the space,
as measured from a line parallel to the direction of the bumper of
the vehicle using the space. Ground cover plants or mulch must be
provided in the allowed vehicle overhang area.
F.
Parking lot interior landscaping.
(1)
Purpose. The parking lot interior landscaping regulations of
this section are intended to help mitigate the visual and stormwater
runoff impacts of parking lots and provide shade for parked vehicles
and pedestrians.
(2)
Applicability. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the parking
lot interior landscaping regulations of this section apply to all
the following:
(a)
The construction of any new principal building or addition to
a principal building that increases the floor area of principal buildings
on the subject lot by more than 20%;
(b)
The construction or installation of any new parking lot containing
10 or more parking spaces; and
(c)
The expansion of any existing parking lot that increases the
number of parking spaces or amount of paved area by more than 33%.
(3)
Exception. Parking areas used solely for the display of motor
vehicles for sale, lease or rental are exempt from the parking lot
interior landscaping requirements of this section.
(4)
Required trees. Required parking lot interior landscape areas
must include at least one large tree per 10 parking spaces. Small
trees may be substituted for large trees if the Planning and Zoning
Administrator determines that the presence of overhead lines or other
obstructions or site visibility considerations make the installation
of large trees unsafe or impractical.
(5)
Location and design.
(a)
Required trees must be reasonably distributed throughout the
parking lot. Unless otherwise approved by the Planning and Zoning
Administrator, required trees must be provided in landscape islands
or medians that comply with all the following requirements:
[1]
Islands or medians must be bordered by a paved surface on at
least two sides;
[2]
Islands or medians must be at least seven feet wide, as measured
from the back of the curb, with a preferred width of 10 feet and a
minimum area of 160 square feet; and
[3]
Islands or medians must be protected by curbs or other barriers,
which may include breaks or inlets to allow stormwater runoff to enter
the landscape area.
(b)
Parking rows that end abutting a paved driving surface must
have a landscape terminal island (end cap) at that end of the parking
row.
(c)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is expressly authorized
to approve landscape plans that do not provide terminal islands at
the end of each parking row or that otherwise provide for reduced
dispersal of interior parking lot landscape areas when proposed landscape
planting areas are combined to form functional bioretention areas
or to preserve existing trees and vegetation.
(6)
Vehicle overhangs. A portion of a motor vehicle parking space
may be landscaped instead of paved to meet interior parking lot interior
landscaping requirements. The landscaped area may be up to two feet
of the front of the space, as measured from a line parallel to the
direction of the bumper of the vehicle using the space. Ground cover
plants or mulch must be provided in the allowed overhang area.
(7)
Relationship to screening regulations. Landscape areas and plant material provided to satisfy the parking lot screening regulations of Subsection E of this section (§ 475-903) may not be counted toward satisfying the parking lot interior landscaping regulations of Subsection F of this section (§ 475-903).
G.
Screening.
(1)
Purpose. Screening requirements are intended to partially or
completely shield expressly identified uses and site features from
view of abutting streets or other abutting lots.
(2)
Features required to be screened.
(a)
General. This subsection establishes screening requirements
for several common site features that require visual separation from
streets and abutting lots. Other uses, districts, structures and activity
areas may also require screening in accordance with other provisions
of this chapter.
(b)
Dumpsters and recyclable material bins. All dumpsters and recyclable
material bins must be screened from view of street rights-of-way and
all abutting properties. Required screening must consist of an opaque
fence or wall with a minimum height of six feet. One side of the storage
area must be furnished with an opaque, lockable gate.
(c)
Outdoor storage areas. All outdoor storage areas established
in X Districts (where allowed) must be screened from view of abutting
lots and street rights-of-way with an opaque fence, wall or vegetative
landscape screen at least six feet in height.
(3)
Modification of requirements. Applicable screening requirements
may be waived or modified through the alternative compliance approval
when:
(4)
Screening or setbacks triggered by proximity to R Districts.
When a screening wall or fence or setback is required by this chapter
because a use abuts one or more R Districts, such wall, fence, or
setback is not required if the actual use of the abutting R District
is a nonresidential use or a nonresidential development area.
H.
Landscape and screening material.
(1)
General.
(a)
Applicability. The regulations of this section apply to all
trees, plant materials, and other features used to satisfy the landscaping
and screening requirements of this chapter.
(b)
Selection. Trees and plants used to satisfy the requirements
of this chapter must:
[1]
Meet or exceed the plant quality standards established in the
latest edition of the American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1);
[2]
Be native to North America adapted for growing conditions in
the Allouez area, as determined by the Village Forester; and
[3]
Not be artificial plants or plants listed as nuisance or undesirable
species in the Village's Arboricultural Specification Manual.
(3)
Trees.
(a)
Size of new trees. New or transplanted trees provided to satisfy
the requirements of this chapter must comply with the following minimum
size requirements:
[1]
Large trees must be selected from the list of large trees identified
in the Village's Arboricultural Specification Manual or equivalent
species approved by the Planning and Zoning Administrator. Large trees
must have a minimum caliper size of two inches and a minimum height
of 10 feet at the time of installation.
[2]
Medium trees must be selected from the list of medium trees
identified in the Village's Arboricultural Specification Manual or
equivalent species approved by the Planning and Zoning Administrator.
Medium trees must have a minimum caliper size of two inches and a
minimum height of eight feet at the time of installation.
[3]
Small trees must be selected from the list of small trees identified
in the Village's Arboricultural Specification Manual or equivalent
species approved by the Planning and Zoning Administrator. Small trees
must have a minimum caliper size of 1.5 inches and a minimum height
of six feet at the time of installation.
[4]
Evergreen trees must have a minimum height of six feet at the
time of installation.
(b)
Species. If more than 10 trees are required, no more than 35%
may be of a single species. This requirement applies to trees being
planted, not to existing trees.
(4)
Credits for existing trees.
(a)
Preserved trees will be credited toward satisfying the tree
planting requirements of this chapter in accordance with the following:
[1]
Preserved trees up to six inches in diameter at breast height
(DBH) will be credited as three trees;
[2]
Preserved trees larger than six inches DBH, up to 12 inches
DBH will be credited as four trees;
[3]
Preserved trees that are more than 12 inches DBH up to 24 inches
DBH will be credited as five trees; and
[4]
Preserved trees that are more than 24 inches DBH will be credited
at a ratio of 10 trees.
(b)
To receive tree preservation credit, the following additional
conditions must be met:
[1]
Preserved trees for which credit is given must be in good health
and condition and may not be prohibited species;
[2]
The original grade of the dripline area of a preserved tree
may not be changed; and
[3]
Tree protection fencing must be installed around the outer limits
of the dripline area and remain in place from commencement of construction
activity until all exterior work is complete. Tree protection fencing
must consist of orange vinyl construction fencing, chain-link fencing,
snow fencing or other similar fencing at least 42 inches in height
and supported at no more than ten-foot intervals by posts or stakes
to keep the fence upright and in place. A visible warning/no-disturb
sign must be affixed to the fence at 100-foot intervals.
(c)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is expressly authorized
to reduce off-street parking requirements to allow for the preservation
of existing trees.
(5)
(6)
Perennial plants. Perennial plants must have a minimum container
size of one gallon.
(7)
Ground cover.
(a)
All required landscape areas that are not planted with trees
or shrubs must be covered with ground cover plants, which may include
turf. Mulch must be confined to areas underneath trees and shrubs
and is not an allowed substitute for ground cover.
(b)
Ground cover plants other than turf must be minimum four-inch
pot or plug size. Areas planted in ground cover other than turf must
be planted at distances appropriate for the species and at a density
that will achieve complete coverage after the second full growing
season.
(8)
Mulch. All required trees and shrubs must be located within
a mulched or landscape-stone covered area and be separated from turf
by a minimum distance of two feet (four-foot diameter mulched area).
Mulch or stone must be applied to provide a two-inch (minimum) to
four-inch (maximum) soil cover, with no weed barrier material visible.
(9)
Fences and walls. Unless otherwise expressly stated, fences
and walls provided to meet the regulations of this article are subject
to the regulations of this section.
(a)
Fences must be durable and constructed with materials that are
customarily used for fences, including wood, decorative rigid vinyl
(polyvinyl chloride), metal or wrought iron. Fence posts must be structurally
stable.
(b)
The finished side of all fences other than tree protection fences
must face the adjacent property or street. Chain-link fencing may
not be used to satisfy the regulations of this article.
(c)
Walls, raised planting beds and planters must be constructed
of brick, stone or other durable masonry material approved by the
Planning and Zoning Administrator.
I.
Installation and maintenance.
(1)
Installation.
(a)
Required landscaping must be installed in accordance with an
approved landscape plan.
(b)
All trees and plant material must be installed in accordance
with sound nursery practices, in a manner designed to encourage vigorous
growth.
(c)
All newly installed trees must be staked.
(d)
Planting areas should be at least twice the diameter of the
root system or the container.
(e)
All landscaped areas that are adjacent to pavement must be protected
with curbs or equivalent barriers. Flush curbs, curb cuts, or other
methods must be used to direct stormwater to landscape areas that
abut paved areas.
(f)
Landscaping may not obstruct traffic visibility at street intersections
or driveways and must comply with all applicable intersection sight
distance regulations.
(g)
When landscaping is placed or installed within the public right-of-way,
the Village has no obligation to replace or repair such landscaping
if removed or damaged by Village field operations or other governmental
functions. The Village also has no obligation to maintain aboveground
or below-ground improvements or landscaping within the public right-of-way.
(2)
Protection. All landscape areas provided to meet the requirements
of this chapter must be protected from potential damage by adjacent
uses and development, including parking and storage areas.
(3)
(4)
Timing of installation. All required landscaping and appurtenances
must be installed within 180 days after issuance of a certificate
of occupancy or temporary certificate of occupancy.
(5)
Maintenance.
(a)
Required landscaping and screening must be continuously maintained,
including necessary watering; weeding; pruning; pest control; litter
and debris cleanup; and replacement of dead, diseased or damaged plant
material.
(b)
Failure to comply with an approved landscaping plan, including
failure to maintain required landscaping and screening and failure
to replace dead, diseased or damaged landscaping, constitutes a violation
of this chapter.
(c)
The property owner is responsible for maintenance of trees and
landscaping in accordance with the approved landscape plan and the
regulations of this chapter. Any dead, diseased or damaged trees,
landscaping or screening materials must be removed and replaced by
the property owner within 90 days of date that written notice of the
obligation to remove and replace required landscaping is issued by
the Village. Property owners have no obligation to replace or restore
required landscaping that is damaged or destroyed as a direct result
of government action or lawful action of a franchise utility provider.
(d)
All trees shall be allowed to grow to their natural size and
shape with pruning only as necessary to maintain good tree health.
J.
Landscape plans.
(1)
Preparation of landscape plan. Landscape plans must be sealed
and signed by a landscape architect or landscape designer licensed
to practice in the State of Wisconsin.
(2)
Required information. All building permit applications for sites
requiring landscaping must include a landscape plan that complies
with the landscape plan submittal requirements specified by the Planning
and Zoning Administrator. Such submittal requirements must be in writing
and made available to the public.
(3)
Administrative review. After receipt of a complete landscape
plan, the Planning and Zoning Administrator must:
(a)
Approve the landscape plan as complying with the requirements
of this article;
(b)
Approve the landscape plan with conditions of approval that
will bring it into compliance with the requirements of this article;
or
(c)
Reject the landscape plan as failing to comply with the requirements
of this article.
K.
Alternative compliance.
(1)
To accommodate creativity in landscape and screening design
and to allow for flexibility in addressing site-specific development/redevelopment
challenges, the Planning and Zoning Administrator is authorized to
approve alternative compliance landscape plans sealed by a landscape
architect licensed to practice in the State of Wisconsin. In order
to approve an alternative compliance landscape plan, the Planning
and Zoning Administrator must determine that one or more of the following
conditions or opportunities are present:
(a)
The subject site has space limitations, an unusual shape or
other factors that make strict compliance with applicable landscaping
and screening regulations impossible or impractical;
(b)
Physical conditions on or adjacent to the site, such as topography,
soils, vegetation or existing structures or utilities, are such that
strict compliance is impossible, impractical or of no value in terms
of advancing the general purposes of this article;
(c)
Safety considerations, such as intersection visibility, utility
locations, etc., make alternative compliance necessary; or
(d)
Creative, alternative landscape plans will provide an equal
or better means of meeting the intent of the landscaping and screening
regulations of this article.
(2)
The Planning and Zoning Administrator is expressly authorized
to approve alternative compliance landscape plans for projects implementing
low-impact development practices or seeking sustainable development
or green building certification from nationally recognized organizations,
such as the International Code Council, the U.S. Green Building Council,
the International Living Future Institute, the U.S. Green Building
Initiative or Sites.
A.
Purpose. The outdoor lighting regulations of this section establish
lighting levels for various permitted uses that promote visual surveillance,
reduce the potential for criminal activity and prevent unnecessary
glare and light trespass onto adjacent properties.
B.
Light trespass.
(1)
Outdoor lighting must be designed, installed and maintained
to confine illumination to the subject property. Maximum light trespass
onto adjacent property is limited to the levels established in Table
9-1, as measured at any point along the property line of the lot receiving
the spillover light. Compliance with these light trespass regulations
must be achieved by fixture shielding, directional control designed
into fixtures, fixture locations, height, aim or a combination of
these or other factors.
Table 9-1
Maximum Light Trespass (Spillover)
| |
Zoning
(lot receiving spillover light)
|
Maximum
(footcandles)
|
Residential
|
0.20
|
All other districts
|
0.50
|
(2)
The illuminance from a typical 150-watt reflectorized incandescent
floodlight at a distance of 150 feet can be 0.10 vertical footcandle,
when facing almost full. Spotlights and floodlights must be aimed
so that they do not shine (aim point) across property lines. Lumen
rating is typically shown on the bulb packaging in conjunction with
the wattage rating.
Table 9-2
Comparison of Efficacy of Power
| |||
Power
(watts)
| |||
Output
(lumens)
|
Incandescent
|
CFL
|
LED
|
500
|
40
|
8 to 10
|
9
|
850
|
60
|
13 to 18
|
12 to 15
|
1,200
|
75
|
19 to 22
|
15
|
1,700
|
100
|
23 to 28
|
18
|
C.
Neon lighting. Light sources consisting of glass tubes filled with
neon, argon, krypton, or other similar gas, hereafter referred to
as "neon lighting," are excluded from shielding and line-of-sight
requirements. Such lighting shall, however, be subject to the light
trespass requirements of this chapter.
D.
Dark sky compliant lighting. The Village requires the use of dark
sky compliant lighting fixtures and installation practices.
E.
Light color standard. The correlated color temperature of any outdoor
light source may not exceed 3,000 Kelvin unless introduced as part
of a facade or landscape lighting scheme used exclusively for the
decorative illumination through color of certain building facade or
landscape features. Any decorative illumination must be off between
10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., local time.
F.
Maximum mounted height of fixtures. Parking lot lighting must be
mounted no higher than 30 feet of average grade at the base. All other
on-site lights must be mounted no higher than 15 feet above grade
directly below the fixture.