B.
Quality assurance.
(1)
Reference standards.
(c)
The Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE): "A Model Performance
Specification for the Purchase of Pavement Marking Paints and and
Powders," approved September 25, 1977.
(d)
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
(AASHTO): M249, White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic Striping
Materials (Solid Form).
(e)
Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devised for Streets and Highways,
latest edition (MUTCD).
(2)
Qualifications. Installer shall specialize in application of traffic
lines and pavement markings and shall have five years documented experience
in Pennsylvania.
C.
Submittals.
(1)
Certification. Submit letter of certification from the paint manufacturer
stating that traffic line paint supplied meets either PennDOT's
specification for traffic line paint Type I or the referenced ITE
specifications. This letter shall accompany the delivery of the material
and be given to the municipality prior to the installation of pavement
markings.
D.
Job conditions.
(1)
Control of traffic.
(a)
Take measures to control traffic during line-painting operations.
The line-painting machine shall not appreciably impede traffic flow
in adjacent lanes while painting the center line and one lane shall
be left completely open to traffic when painting edgelines.
(b)
Employ traffic control measures in accordance with Publication
203, Work Zone Traffic Control.
(3)
Protection of painted surfaces. Crosswalks, stop bars, symbols, legends,
center lines, and lane lines applied with conventional paint shall
require coning (wet line protection) for a minimum of 30 minutes or
until the paint becomes track-free from vehicular traffic.
(4)
Environmental requirements. Adhere to manufacturer's data on
air and surface temperature limits and relative humidity during application
and curing of coatings. Schedule coating work to avoid dust and airborne
contaminants.
A.
Paint.
(1)
Paint shall be PennDOT paint Type I and shall consist of either an
alkyd-resin type or a combination of alkyd-resin type modified with
chlorinated rubber ready-mixed white and yellow traffic paints, for
use on bituminous and Portland cement concrete pavements. These paints
shall be reflectorized for night visibility, if specified, by adding
reflective spheres before the paint dries or sets, using the drop-on
or pressurized methods.
(2)
Traffic paint shall consist of a ready-mixed pigmented binder in
a one-package system. When applied at the wet-film thickness of 15
mils, the paint shall be suitable for application to traffic-bearing
surfaces such as Portland cement concrete, bituminous pavements, and
plain or vitrified brick surfaces of streets, highways, bridges, tunnels
and parking lots.
(3)
The supplier may use any combination of pigments, provided the finished
paint meets all the requirements specified herein. Sufficient suspending
and dispersing agents shall be used to prevent excessive settling
as specified herein.
(4)
Binder. The supplier may use any combination of ingredients, except
tall oil resins, provided the finished paint meets all the requirements
herein. Sufficient amounts of antiskinning agents shall be used to
prevent skinning as specified herein. Sufficient resin solids, compatible
thinners and driers, if necessary, shall be used to meet requirements
of Table I.
(5)
The mixed paints shall meet the requirements specified in Table I
for white and yellow paints.
|
Table I
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Requirements of Mixed Paints
| |||
|
Characteristics
|
Type I White and Yellow
| ||
|
Pigment, percent by weight
|
55-60
| ||
|
Nonvolatile vehicle, percent by weight of vehicle
|
40 minimum
| ||
|
Uncombined water, percent by weight of paint
|
1.0 maximum
| ||
|
Coarse particles and skins (retained on No. 325 sieve, I/percent
by weight of pigment
|
1.0 maximum
| ||
|
Consistency: krebs units
|
65-77
| ||
|
Weight per gallon, lbs., white
|
11.7 minimum
| ||
|
Yellow
|
12.0 minimum
| ||
|
Fineness of grind, hegman
|
2.0 minimum
| ||
|
Contract ratio, dry
|
0.96 minimum
| ||
|
Directional reflectance, white
|
84 minimum
| ||
|
Yellow
|
50 minimum
| ||
|
Drying time, no pickup, minutes (lab), ASTM D711
|
30 maximum
| ||
|
Flexibility
|
No cracking or flaking
| ||
|
Bleeding test, ASTM D868
|
5 minimum
| ||
|
Water resistance
|
—
| ||
|
Skinning (48 hours)
|
None
| ||
|
Storage stability, ASTM D1309
|
6 minimum
| ||
B.
Glass spheres. Glass spheres shall meet the requirements of Publication
408, Section 1103.14(a)1., and all current supplements.
C.
Material storage.
(1)
Store the paint containers lid down. If the paint is used within
two months after being received, no rotation prior to use is required.
If the paint is on hand for more than two months, it shall be rotated
several days before use.
(2)
Glass beads shall be in units of 50 pounds and packed in moisture-proof
bags. The beads shall be stored in a cool dry place.
D.
Heat applied thermoplastic.
(1)
A durable, retroreflective pavement-marking material suitable for
use as roadway, intersection, commercial or private delineation markings.
(2)
The markings must be a resilient white or yellow hydrocarbon thermoplastic
product with uniformly distributed glass beads throughout the entire
cross-sectional area. Lines, legends and symbols are capable of being
affixed to bituminous and/or Portland concrete pavements by the use
of the normal heat of a propane type of torch. Other colors shall
be available as required.
(3)
The markings must be capable of conforming to pavement contours,
breaks and faults through the action of traffic at normal pavement
temperatures. The markings shall have resealing characteristics, such
that it is capable of fusing with itself and previously applied thermoplastic
when heated with the torch.
(4)
The markings must be able to be applied in temperatures down to 32°
F. without any special storage, preheating or treatment of the material
before application.
(5)
Heat-applied thermoplastic must be composed to hydrocarbon resin,
aggregates, pigments, binders and glass beads which have been factory
produced as a finished product, which is designed to meet the requirements
of the current edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devises
for Streets and Highways. The thermoplastic material shall conform
to AASHTO M249, with the exception of the relevant differences due
to the material supplied in a preformed state.
(6)
Graded glass beads. The material must contain a minimum of 30% graded
glass beads by weight. The beads are clear and transparent. Not more
than 20% shall consist of irregular fused spheroids or silica. The
index of refraction shall not be less than 1.50.
(7)
Pigments.
(a)
White. Sufficient titanium dioxide pigment is used to ensure
a color similar to Federal Highway White, Color No. 17886, as per
Federal Standard 595.
(b)
Yellow. Sufficient yellow pigment is used to ensure a color
similar to Federal Highway Yellow, Color No. 13655, as per Federal
Standard 595. The yellow pigment must be of organic origin only.
(8)
Skid resistance. The surface must provide a minimum resistance value
of 55 BPN when tested according to ASTM E 303.
(9)
Thickness. The material must be supplied at a minimum thickness of
125 mils (3.15 mm).
(10)
Versatility. No glass beads must be applied on the surface of
the material before application, as the material shall be able to
be placed on the pavement either side up. For instance, should an
arrow, either left or right, be desired, only one arrow needs to be
purchased. It is also true of combination arrows and other legends
where applicable.
(11)
Environmental resistance. The material must be resistant to
deterioration due to exposure to sunlight, water, oil, gasoline, salt
or adverse weather conditions.
A.
Application. Apply new pavement markings and touch-up existing markings
within the limits of work, in accordance with drawings. The finished
project shall match the drawings.
B.
Application rates for painted markings.
(1)
Paint. Paint shall be dispensed in a wet-film thickness of 15 ±
1 mils. The rate of application of paint on bituminous surface treatment
roads may be 25% greater. The municipality will determine whether
roadways require an increased application rate.
(2)
Glass beads. Glass beads shall be applied at a rate of six pounds
per gallon of paint.
C.
Surface preparation for painted markings.
(1)
Clean the surface of the roadway before application of traffic lines
or pavement markings to provide a clean, dry roadway surface which
is free of loose dirt and other debris, to the satisfaction of the
municipality.
(2)
The surface cleaning for cold plastic markings shall include as a
last operation the use of compressed air or a fine-bristled broom
over the application area to provide a dust-free surface.
D.
Equipment for painted markings.
(1)
The line-painting-machine type shall be such that it shall not appreciably
impede the traffic flow in adjacent lanes while painting the center
lines of the roadway, and one lane shall be left completely open to
traffic when painting edgelines.
(2)
The line-painting machines shall be capable of a simultaneous application
of two parallel lines in either a solid or broken pattern in forming
the center line. It shall also be capable of the automatic dispensing
of glass beads onto the painted surface at the required application
rate by the pressurized-glass-gun method.
(3)
The machinery shall also be capable of providing a paint line in
four-inch, six-inch and eight-inch widths.
(4)
Each piece of machinery used to apply center lines and edgelines
shall be equipped with a measuring device which automatically and
continuously measures to the nearest foot, the length of each line
placed.
(5)
Legends shall be applied with equipment approved by the municipality;
hand brushes or rollers are not permitted. Glass beads may be hand
applied.
E.
Center line application.
(1)
Where existing center lines are visible and properly located, the
new center lines shall be applied directly over the existing pattern.
Where center lines do not exist, or existing center lines are improperly
located, as determined by the municipality, the new center lines shall
be applied at the correct location. If the existing markings have
to be removed to allow correct placement of the new markings, such
work shall be done in accordance with Section 963 (Pavement Marking
Removal) of Publication 408. This work is incidental to the application
of the new center line.
(2)
In general, on two-lane roadways, the center line shall evenly divide
the roadway; however, if a portion of the roadway on either or both
sides is to be utilized for parking, the center line shall evenly
divide the traveled way.
(3)
The center line in its proper location. Any center line pattern placed
more than six inches from the center of the roadway or traveled way
shall be removed and replaced by the contractor at his own expense.
F.
Edgeline application. Field-check all roadways shown on the drawings
which require application of edgelines. Only those roadway sections
which are 20 feet or greater in width for more than 50% of their length
shall be painted with edgelines.
G.
Application of heat-applied thermoplastic marking.
(1)
Asphalt. The materials shall be applied using the propane-torch method
recommended by the manufacturer. The material must be able to be applied
at ambient and road temperatures down to 32° F. without any preheating
of the pavement to a specific temperature. The pavement shall be clean,
dry and free of debris. The supplier must enclose application instructions
with each box/package.
(2)
Portland concrete. The same application procedure shall be used as described under above Subsection G(1). However, a compatible primer sealer may be applied before application to assure proper adhesion.
(3)
The preformed thermoplastic markings shall be placed in protective
plastic film with cardboard stiffeners where necessary to prevent
damage in transit. Linear material must be cut to a maximum of three-foot-long
pieces. The cartons in which packed shall be nonreturnable and shall
not exceed 40 inches in length and 25 inches in width, and be labeled
for ease of identification. The weight of the individual carton must
not exceed 70 pounds.
H.
Warranty.
(1)
The contractor shall guarantee to replace, at his expense, that portion
of the pavement marking installed which, in the opinion of the municipality,
has not remained effective in performing useful daylight and nighttime
service for a period of six months from the date of installation.
The required service is defined as 90% of markings being effective
and in place.
