[Adopted as Sec. 8.055 of the Codification]
Whoever is concerned in the commission of a municipal ordinance
violation is a principal and may be charged with and convicted of
the commission of the violation although he did not directly commit
it and although the person who directly committed it has not been
convicted or has been convicted of some other degree of crime or ordinance
violation, or some other crime or ordinance violation based on the
same act.
[Amended by Ord. No. 1347]
A person is concerned in the commission of a municipal ordinance
violation if he:
A.
Directly commits the ordinance violation;
B.
Intentionally aids and abets the commission of it; or
C.
Is a party to a conspiracy with another to commit it, or advises,
hires, counsels, or otherwise procures another to commit it. Such
a party is also concerned in the commission of any other municipal
ordinance violation which is committed in pursuance of the intended
violation and which under the circumstances is a natural and probable
consequence of the intended offense. This subsection does not apply
to a person who voluntarily changes his mind and no longer desires
that the violation be committed and notifies the other parties concerned
of his withdrawal within a reasonable time before the commission of
the violation so as to allow the others also to withdraw.
