New sanitary sewers and all extensions to sanitary sewers owned
and operated by the Gananda Sewer District shall be designed by a
professional licensed to practice sewer design in the state and in
accordance with the Recommended Standards for Sewage Works, as adopted
by the Great Lakes - Upper Mississippi River Board of State Sanitary
Engineers (Ten State Standards), and in strict conformance with all
requirements of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
(NYSDEC). Plans and specifications shall be submitted to and written
approval shall be obtained from the Superintendent, the Town Planning
Board and the NYSDEC before initiating any construction. The design
shall anticipate and allow for flows from all possible future extensions
or developments within the immediate drainage area.
When a property owner, builder or developer proposes to construct sanitary sewers or extensions to sanitary sewers in an area proposed for development, the plans, specifications and method of installation shall be subject to the approval of the Town Planning Board in accordance with § 235-24. The cost of installation of on-premises facilities, such as intercepting or trunk sewers, pumping stations and force mains, shall be paid by the said property owner, builder or developer. Each street lateral shall be installed and inspected pursuant to Article VI, and inspection fees shall be paid by the applicant prior to initiating construction. Design and installation of sewers shall be as specified in §§ 235-27 through 235-30, and in conformance with Paragraphs 3 through 6 of ASTM Specification C-12. The installation of the sewer shall be subject to periodic inspection by the Superintendent, without prior notice. The Superintendent shall determine whether the work is proceeding in accordance with the approved plans and specifications and whether the completed work will conform with the approved plans and specifications. The sewer, as constructed, must pass the infiltration test (or the exfiltration test, with prior approval), according to the design standards as required by Chapter 190, Land Use and Public Works, before any building lateral is connected thereto. The Superintendent shall be notified 30 days in advance of the start of any construction actions so that such inspection frequencies and procedures as may be necessary or required may be established. No new sanitary sewers will be accepted by the Town Board until such construction inspections have been made so as to assure the Town Board of compliance with this chapter and any amendments or additions thereto. The Superintendent has the authority to require such excavation as necessary to inspect any installed facilities if the facilities were covered or otherwise backfilled before they were inspected so as to permit inspection of the construction. The Superintendent shall report all findings of inspections and tests to the Town Board.
Plans, specifications and methods of installation shall conform to the requirements of this article. Components and materials of wastewater facilities not covered in this chapter, such as pumping stations, lift stations or force mains, shall be designed in accordance with § 235-24 and shall be clearly shown and detailed on the plans and specifications submitted for approval. Additional force main details are covered in § 235-37. When requested, the applicant shall submit, to the Superintendent and to the Town Planning Board, all design calculations and other pertinent data to supplement review of the plans and specifications. Results of manufacturer's tests on each lot of pipe delivered to the job site shall also be furnished, upon request.
A.
Sewer pipe material shall be:
(1)
Reinforced concrete pipe. (Note that nonreinforced concrete pipe
shall not be used.)
(a)
The pipe and specials shall conform to ASTM Specification C-76.
(b)
The reinforcing wire cage shall conform to ASTM Specification
A-15, A-82 or A-185, as appropriate.
(c)
Water absorption and three-edge bearing tests shall conform
to ASTM Specification C-497.
(d)
Gaskets shall conform to Sections 3.3 and 3.4 of AWWA Specification
C-302.
(3)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, heavy wall.
(a)
Pipe shall be made from Class 12454-B materials or better in
accordance with ANSI/ASTM Specification D-1984.
(4)
Ductile iron pipe.
(a)
Pipe, fittings and specials shall be manufactured in accordance
with ASTM Specification A-746. Pipe shall have a minimum thickness
of Class 50.
(b)
Fittings shall conform to ANSI Specification A 21.11 and have
a minimum pressure class rating of 150 psi.
(c)
All pipe and fittings shall be cement-mortar lined, in accordance
with ANSI Specifications A 21.4, at twice the specified thickness,
and have an internal and external bituminous seal coating. Closure
pieces shall be jointed by means of a mechanical coupling of the cast-sleeve-type.
(5)
Vitrified clay pipe, extra strength. (Note that standard-strength
vitrified clay pipe shall not be used.) Pipe shall conform to the
current requirements of NCPI Specification ER 3300-67 and meet the
requirements of ASTM Specification C-700.
(6)
Acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) pipe. Pipe and fittings shall
conform to the requirements of ASTM Specification D-2661.
(7)
Other pipe materials. Other pipe materials require prior written
approval of the Superintendent before being installed.
B.
The minimum internal pipe diameter shall be eight inches.
C.
Joints for the selected pipe shall be designed and manufactured such
that O-ring gaskets of the snap-on-type are used.
E.
Joint preparation and assembly shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations.
B.
Utilizing the foregoing information, design shall be made as outlined
in Chapter IX, Design and Construction of Sanitary and Storm Sewers,
of the Water Pollution Control Federation Manual of Practice No. 9,
latest edition, and the pipe shall have sufficient structural strength
to support all loads to be placed on the pipe, with a safety factor
as specified above.
A.
Local utilities shall be contacted to verify construction plans and
to make arrangements to disconnect all utility services where required
to undertake the construction work. The utility services shall later
be reconnected. The work shall be scheduled so that there is minimum
inconvenience to local residents. Residents shall be provided proper
and timely notice regarding disconnection of utilities.
B.
The construction right-of-way shall be cleared only to the extent
needed for construction. Clearing consists of removal of trees which
interfere with construction, removal of underbrush, logs and stumps
and other organic matter, removal of refuse, garbage and trash, removal
of ice and snow and removal of telephone and power poles and posts.
Any tree which will not hinder construction shall not be removed and
shall be protected from damage by any construction equipment. Debris
shall not be burned, but hauled for disposal in an approved manner.
C.
The public shall be protected from personal and property damage as
a result of the construction work.
D.
Traffic shall be maintained at all times in accordance with applicable
highway permits. Where no highway permits are required, at least 1/2
of a street shall be kept open for traffic flow.
E.
Erosion control shall be performed through the project to minimize
the erosion of soils onto lands or into waters adjacent to or affected
by the work. Erosion control can be effected by limiting the amount
of clearing and grubbing prior to trenching, proper scheduling of
the pipe installation work, minimizing time of open trench, prompt
grading and seeding and filtration of drainage.
F.
The trench shall be excavated only wide enough for proper installation
of the sewer pipe, manhole and appurtenances. Allowances may be made
for sheeting, dewatering and other similar actions to complete the
work. Roads, sidewalks and curbs shall be cut, by sawing, before trench
excavation is initiated.
G.
Under ordinary conditions, excavation shall be by open cut from the
ground surface. However, tunneling or boring under structures other
than buildings may be permitted. Such structures include crosswalks,
curbs, gutters, pavements, trees, driveways and railroad tracks.
H.
Open trenches shall be protected at all hours of the day with barricades,
as required.
I.
Trenches shall not be open for more than 30 feet in advance of pipe
installation nor left unfilled for more than 30 feet in the rear of
the installed pipe, when the work is in progress, without permission
of the Superintendent. When work is not in progress, including overnight,
weekends and holidays, the trench shall be backfilled to ground surface.
J.
The trench shall be excavated approximately six inches deeper than
the final pipe grade. When unsuitable soils are encountered, these
shall be excavated and replaced with select materials.
K.
Ledge rock, boulders and large stones shall be removed from the trench
sides and bottom. The trench shall be over-excavated at least 12 inches
for five feet at the transition from rock bottom to earth bottom,
centered on the transition.
L.
Maintenance of grade, elevation and alignment shall be done by some
suitable method or combination of methods.
M.
No structure shall be undercut, unless specifically approved by the
Superintendent.
N.
Proper devices shall be provided, and maintained operational at all
times, to remove all water from the trench as it enters. At no time
shall the sewer line be used for removal of water from the trench.
O.
To protect workers and to prevent caving, shoring and sheeting shall
be used as needed. Caving shall not be used to backfill the trench.
Sheeting shall not be removed but cut off no lower than one foot above
the pipe crown nor higher than one foot below final grade, and left
in the trench during backfill operations.
P.
The pipe barrel shall be supported along its entire length on a minimum
of six inches of crusher-run stone with a maximum diameter of 1/2
inch. This foundation shall be firmly tamped in the excavation.
Q.
Bell holes shall be hand excavated, as appropriate.
R.
Pipe shall be laid from low elevation to high elevation. The pipe
bell shall be up-gradient; the pipe spigot shall be down-gradient.
S.
The joints shall be made and the grade and alignment checked and
made correct.
T.
Crushed stone shall be placed over the laid pipe to a depth of at
least six inches. Care shall be exercised so that stone is packed
under the pipe haunches. Care shall be exercised so that the pipe
is not moved during placement of the crushed stone.
U.
The pipe shall be in straight alignment.
V.
The remaining portion of the trench above the pipe embedment shall
be backfilled in foot lifts which shall be firmly compacted. Compaction
near/under roadways, driveways, sidewalks and other structures shall
be to 95% of the maximum moisture-density relationship, as determined
by ASTM Specification D-698, Method D. Ice, snow or frozen material
shall not be used for backfill.
A.
Manholes shall be placed where there is a change in slope or alignment
and at intervals not exceeding 400 linear feet.
B.
Manhole bases shall be constructed of three-thousand-pounds-per-square-inch
(seven-day) concrete, 12 inches thick, or shall be precast bases properly
bedded in the excavation. Field constructed bases shall be properly
reinforced.
C.
Manhole walls shall be constructed using precast concrete manhole
barrel sections having a minimum diameter of four feet and an eccentric
top section, conforming to ASTM Specifications C-478. All sections
shall be cast solid, without lifting holes.
D.
All joints between sections shall be sealed with an O-ring rubber
gaskets meeting the same specifications as pipe joint gaskets.
E.
All joints shall be sealed against infiltration.
F.
No steps or ladder rungs shall be in the manhole walls.
G.
All precast sections shall be produce at a plant which is approved
by the New York State Department of Transportation for manufacture
of concrete pipe.
H.
The elevation of the top section shall be such that the cover frame
top elevation is six inches above the one-hundred-year-flood elevation
(in a field), six inches above a lawn elevation or at finished road
or sidewalk grade.
I.
When located in a traveled area (road or sidewalk), the manhole frame
and cover shall be heavy-duty cast iron. When located in a lawn or
in a field, the manhole frame and cover may be light-duty cast iron.
The cover shall be 36 inches in diameter. The minimum combined weight
of the heavy duty frame and the cover shall be 735 pounds, +/- 5%.
The minimum combined weight of the light duty frame and the cover
shall be 420 pounds, +/- 5%. The mating surfaces shall be machined
and painted with tar pitch varnish. The cover shall not rock in the
frame. Infiltration between the cover and frame shall be prevented
by proper design and painting. Covers shall have "Sanitary Sewer"
cast into them. Covers shall have lifting holes suitable for any lifting/jacking
device. The lifting holes shall be designed to that infiltration is
prevented.
J.
Benches shall be level and slope to the flow channel at about one
inch per foot.
K.
The minimum depth of the flow channel shall be the nominal diameter
of the smaller pipe. The channel shall have a steel trowel finish.
The flow channel shall have a smooth curvature from inlet to outlet.
L.
Manhole frames shall be set in a full bed of mortar with no less
than two nor more than nine courses of brick underneath to allow for
later elevation adjustment.
All sanitary sewers or extensions to sanitary sewers, including
manholes, shall satisfy requirements of a final infiltration test
before they will be approved and wastewater flow permitted in the
Gananda Sewer District. The infiltration rate shall not exceed 25
gallons per 24 hours per mile per nominal diameter in inches. An exfiltration
test may be substituted for the infiltration test; the same rate shall
not be exceeded. The exfiltration test shall be performed by the applicant,
under the supervision of the Superintendent, who shall have the responsibility
for making proper and accurate measurements required. The exfiltration
test consists of filling the pipe with water to provide a head of
at least five feet above the top of the pipe or five feet above groundwater,
whichever is higher, at the highest point under test, and then measuring
the loss of water from the pipe section under test by the amount of
water which must be added to maintain the original level. In this
test, the test section must remain filled with water for at least
24 hours prior to taking any measurements. Exfiltration shall be measured
by the drop of water level in a standpipe with a closed bottom end
or in one of the sewer manholes serving the test section. When a standpipe
and plug arrangement is used in the upper manhole in the test section,
there shall be some positive method for releasing entrapped air prior
to taking any measurements.
The test section shall be as ordered or as approved, but in
no event longer than 1,000 feet. In the case of sewers laid on steep
grades, the test length may be limited by the maximum allowable internal
pressure on the pipe and joints at the lower end of the test section.
For purposes of determining the leakage rate of the test section,
manholes shall be considered as sections of forty-eight-inch-diameter
pipe, five feet long. The maximum allowable leakage rate for such
a section is 1.1 gallons per 24 hours. If leakage exceeds the allowable
rate, then necessary repairs or replacements shall be made and the
section retested.
The test period during which the test measurements are taken
shall not be less than two hours.
Prior to testing, the section shall be lamped. Any joint out
of straight alignment shall be realigned.
Also prior to testing, all plastic pipe in the test section
shall be tested for deflection. Deflection testing shall involve the
pulling of a ball whose diameter is 95% of the pipe's inside diameter
through the pipe. Any joint with a deflection greater than 5% shall
be replaced. The test section shall be flushed just prior to deflection
testing.
A.
In lieu of hydrostatic testing (exfiltration or infiltration), air
testing may be employed. Low-pressure air tests shall conform to ASTM
Specification C-828. All sections to be tested shall be cleaned and
flushed and shall have been backfilled prior to testing. The air test
shall be based on the time, measured in seconds, for the air pressure
to drop from 3.5 psi to 2.5 psi. Acceptance is based on limits stated
in ASTM Specification C-828. Before pressure is applied to the line,
all connections shall be firmly plugged. Before the test period starts,
the air shall be given sufficient time to cool to ambient temperature
in the test section.
B.
If the test section is below groundwater, the test pressure shall
be increased an amount sufficient to compensate for groundwater hydrostatic
pressure; however, the test pressure shall not exceed 10 psi.
C.
The test gauge shall have been recently calibrated, and a copy of
the calibration results shall be made available to the Superintendent
prior to testing.
Force mains serving sewage lifting devices, such as grinder pumps and pump stations, shall be designed in accordance with § 235-24. Additional design requirements are:
B.
Drain valves shall be placed at low points.
C.
Automatic air relief valves shall be placed at high points and at
intervals of 400 feet, on level force main runs.
D.
Air relief and drain valves shall be suitably protected from freezing.
E.
When the daily average design detention time in the force main exceeds
20 minutes, the manhole and sewer line receiving the force main discharge
or the sewage shall be treated so that corrosion of the manhole and
the exiting line are prevented. The corrosion is caused by sulfuric
acid biochemically produced from hydrogen sulfide anaerobically produced
in the force main.
All sanitary sewers and extensions to sanitary sewers constructed
at the applicant's expense, after final approval and acceptance by
the Superintendent and concurrence by the Town Board, shall become
the property of the Town and shall thereafter be operated and maintained
by the Town. Said sewers, after their acceptance by the Town, shall
be guaranteed against defects in materials or workmanship for one
year by the applicant. The guaranty shall be in such form and contain
such provision as deemed necessary by the Town Board, secured by a
surety bond or such other security as the Town Board may approve.
A.
All contractors engaged in connecting house laterals with sanitary
sewers, who perform any work within the right-of-way of any highway,
shall file a bond in the amount of $5,000 with the Town Clerk to indemnify
the Town against loss, cost, damage or expense sustained or recovered
on account of any negligence, omission or act of the applicant for
such a permit or any of his, their or its servants or agents arising
or resulting directly or indirectly by reason of such permit or consent
or of any act, construction or excavation done, made or permitted
under authority of such permit or consent. All bonds shall contain
a clause that permits given by the Town Board may be revoked at any
time for just cause.
B.
Before commencing work, the above contractor shall file with the
Town Clerk insurance certificates for the following:
(1)
Workmen's compensation and employer's liability insurance as required
by the laws of the state covering the contractor.
(2)
Personal injury liability having limits of not less than $500,000
each occurrence and $500,000 aggregate (completed operations/products,
personal injury).
[Amended 12-14-1994 by L.L. No. 12-1994]
(3)
Property damage liability having limits of not less than $500,000
for all damages arising during the life of the contract and shall
include, but not be limited to, the following designated hazards:
[Amended 3-28-1996 by L.L. No. 2-1996]
(5)
Business excess liability insurance in the amount of $2,000,000.
(6)
All insurance policies must provide for five business days' notice
to the Town before cancellation and must cover all liabilities of
the Town and be in a form approved by the Town Board.
[Amended 12-14-1994 by L.L. No. 12-1994]
C.
Where it is necessary to enter upon or excavate any highway or cut
any pavement, sidewalk or curbing, permission must be obtained from
the Superintendent of Highways if a Town Highway is involved, from
the County Department of Public Works if a County Highway is involved
and/or the New York State Department of Transportation if a State
Highway is involved.