For each principal building or establishment hereafter erected
or altered and located in any zoning district, including buildings
and structures used principally as places of public assembly, there
shall be provided and maintained suitable space off the public right-of-way
which is adequate for the parking or loading of motor vehicles in
the proportions shown below.
A.
Uses in general.
|
Use
|
Number of Parking Spaces Per Unit of Measure
|
|---|---|
|
Dwellings
|
2 spaces for each dwelling unit for single family, and 2-unit
attached
|
|
Townhomes/multifamily
|
2 per dwelling unit
|
|
Hotels, motels and bed-and-breakfasts
|
1 space for each room
|
|
Hospitals, nursing and personal care facilities
|
1 space for each 4 beds, and 1 space for each employee
|
|
Places of public assembly
|
1 space for each 4 seats of legal capacity
|
|
Medical clinics and medical and dental offices
|
3, and 1 space for each 285 square feet of office space
|
|
Offices, other than medical or dental clinics, including financial
institutions
|
1 space for each 250 square feet of office space
|
|
Eating and drinking establishments
|
1 space for each 3 seats of legal seating capacity
|
|
Retail establishments
|
1 space for each 450 square feet of floor area dedicated to
retail activity, exclusive of storage areas
|
|
Industrial and warehouse uses
|
The greater of 1 space for each 1,000 square feet of floor area,
or 1 space for each employee in the largest shift
|
|
Theaters
|
1 space for each 4 seats
|
|
Funeral home/mortuary
|
1 space for each 100 square feet of floor area used for services
|
B.
Uses not listed. In the case of uses or businesses not addressed in Subsection A hereof, the required parking shall be determined by the Zoning Administrator, subject to Planning Commission concurrence. The latest edition of the Institute of Traffic Engineers' Parking Generation shall be consulted in determining a parking requirement for any such use or business.
The minimum dimensional standards for parking spaces and aisles
shall be as follows:
|
Minimum Parking Space and Maneuvering Lane Standards
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Lane Width
|
Parking Space
|
Total Width of Two Tiers Plus Lane
| ||||
|
Parking Pattern
|
One-Way
(feet)
|
Two-Way
(feet)
|
Width(1)
(feet)
|
Length(2)
(feet)
|
One-Way
(feet)
|
Two-Way
(feet)
|
|
Parallel
|
11
|
18
|
9
|
23
|
40
|
36
|
|
30° to 53°
|
12
|
20
|
9
|
19
|
50
|
56
|
|
54° to 74°
|
13
|
24
|
9
|
19
|
51
|
57
|
|
75° to 90°
|
15
|
26
|
9
|
18
|
51
|
56
|
|
(1)
|
Measured perpendicular to the space center line.
|
|
(2)
|
Measured along the space center line.
|
A.
The approval of the Berrien County Road Commission shall be obtained
for the location of exits and entrances to parking areas and for the
design and construction thereof.
B.
The off-street parking facilities required for single-family dwellings,
two-unit dwellings, multiunit dwellings and townhomes shall be located
on the same lot or parcel of land as the buildings they are intended
to serve.
C.
Parking facilities for manufactured housing communities shall be
located on each manufactured home site, or in parking lots within
300 feet from the entrance to manufactured homes.
D.
Parking facilities for commercial or industrial uses shall be located
on the same lot or parcel of land as the buildings they are intended
to serve.
E.
Parking areas shall not be provided within any setback area or transition
strip.
A.
Required surface. Off-street parking areas for uses in all districts,
except AG-RR, shall be paved with concrete or bituminous material
or other approved, dust-free surfaces and provided with approved curbing
or other effective stormwater control structures and painted parking-space
lines.
B.
Landscaping. Parking areas with 10 or more spaces shall include landscaped planting islands and perimeter buffers in accordance with § 380-12.11, as augmented by the following requirements:
(1)
When off-street parking and loading areas abut the R-1, R-2 or R-3 Districts, or a residential PUD, the parking lot and loading area shall be screened from the residential uses by a solid, ornamental masonry wall or fence at least four feet tall meeting the requirements of § 380-12.08, Fences, in addition to following requirements for landscape plant materials:
(a)
In lieu of a wall, the Planning Commission may permit or require
one evergreen tree at least five feet in height planted every 10 feet
in staggered rows along the adjacent residential property boundary.
(b)
In lieu of a wall, berming may be installed that shall reduce
the amount of required landscaping material by 20%.
(2)
In addition to required screening around off-street parking
and loading areas, all off-street parking areas containing greater
than 10 spaces shall provide the following landscaping within the
"parking lot envelope," described as the area including the parking
lot surface and extending 18 feet from the edge of the parking lot.
(a)
Two canopy trees shall be required for each 900 square feet
of the total of the paved driveway and parking lot surface. At least
40% of the landscape material required shall be installed in landscape
islands within the paved parking lot area.
(b)
Landscaped areas in and around parking lots shall be no less
than 10 feet in any dimension and no less than 150 square feet in
area per tree. Landscaped areas shall be protected with curbing or
other means to prevent overhang encroachment of vehicles.
(c)
Required landscaping elsewhere on the parcel shall not be counted
in meeting the parking lot landscaping requirements.
(d)
Whenever possible, parking lot landscaping shall be designed
to improve the safety of pedestrian and vehicular traffic, guide traffic
movement, and improve the appearance of the parking area. Landscaping
shall be installed such that, when mature, it does not obscure traffic
signs or lighting, obstruct access to fire hydrants, interfere with
adequate sight distance for motorists, nor disrupt drainage patterns
on the site or adjacent properties.
(e)
Landscaped areas shall be covered by grass or other living ground
cover. Wood chips or similar material, a minimum depth of three inches,
is permitted for planting beds immediately surrounding plant material.
Such material should be identified on the landscape plan and/or site
plan.
C.
Recreational vehicle (RV) storage. Parking areas required under this
section to serve other land uses shall not be used for the storage
of, camping within, or continuous parking or storage of recreational
vehicles, trailers, motor vehicles and junk for more than a twenty-four-hour
period.
D.
Shared parking. Within the C-1 and I Districts, the Planning Commission
may approve shared parking arrangements among various uses when it
can be demonstrated that parking in sufficient quantities for all
such uses as set forth in this section shall be available at all times.
E.
Excess parking. In no instance shall the number of spaces provided
exceed the number of spaces required by this article; provided, however,
snow storage areas may be provided so long as the area designated
for snow storage does not exceed 20% of the surface area of a parking
lot.
G.
Interconnection. In the C-1 Commercial District, adjoining parking
lots shall be designed to interconnect to enable motorists to safely
move between parcels without needing to return to the public road
network. Such interconnections shall be established by mutual cross-access
easement agreements between the property owners and shall be established
at the time of site plan approval. Such cross-access easements may
be established by both landowners simultaneously or one at a time
as site plan review occurs on one of the lots.
All residential subdivisions and lot divisions created within
any residential zoning district shall provide a minimum of a one-car
parking pad or enclosure, covered parking space or garage, the location
of which shall be limited to the side or rear yard, if not incorporated
as part of the principal permitted use structure, with adequate on-site
access and street ingress/egress as approved by the Zoning Administrator.
A.
In all districts, every building or part thereof hereafter erected
which is to be occupied for manufacturing, storage, retail sales,
warehousing, wholesale sales, or a hotel, hospital, mortuary or laundry,
or uses similarly requiring the receipt or distribution in vehicles
of materials or merchandise shall provide and maintain, on the same
premises, paved off-street loading spaces in relation to floor area
as follows:
B.
The following shall apply with regard to off-street loading and unloading
spaces:
(1)
Each loading space shall be at least 10 feet in width, 25 feet
in length, and 14 feet in height.
(2)
Such space may occupy all or any part of any required side or
rear yard.
(3)
No such space shall be located closer than 50 feet to any residential
use unless within a completely enclosed building or enclosed on all
sides by a wall or fence not less than six feet in height.
C.
Such loading spaces shall be considered separate and distinct from
required off-street parking areas but shall be constructed of a hard
surface material.
