It is the intent of this chapter that parking spaces shall be
provided and adequately maintained by each property owner in every
zoning district for the off-street storage of motor vehicles for the
use of occupants, employees and patrons of each building and premises
constructed, altered or enlarged under the provisions of this chapter.
A.
FLOOR AREA
Definition of floor area. As used in this section, the following
terms shall have the meanings indicated:
As applied to offices, merchandising or service types of
uses, shall mean the gross floor area used or intended to be used
for services to the public, including those areas occupied for fixtures
and equipment used for display or sale of merchandise, but excluding
floor areas which are used exclusively for storage, housing of mechanical
equipment integral with the building, maintenance facilities, or those
areas where customers, patients, clients, salesmen, and the general
public are denied access. "Floor area" shall be measured from the
exterior faces of exterior walls.
B.
Fractional space. When units of measurement determining the number
of required parking spaces result in a fractional space, any fraction
to and including 1/2 shall be disregarded and fractions over 1/2 shall
require one parking space.
C.
Requirements for a use not mentioned. In the case of a use not specifically
mentioned, the requirements of off-street parking for a use which
is mentioned and which is most similar to the use not listed shall
apply.
D.
Use of parking areas. Commercial repair work, servicing or selling
shall not exceed 10 days in any six-month period, if conducted in
any parking area. Parking space shall be used only for the parking
of vehicles used to service the establishment to which it is accessory
and by its patrons. No sign shall be erected in parking areas except
that no more than one directional sign at each point of ingress or
egress may be erected which may also bear the name of the enterprise
the lot is intended to serve. Such signs shall not exceed 32 square
feet in area and shall not project beyond the property line of the
premises.
E.
Building additions or other changes in floor area. Whenever a use
requiring off-street parking is increased in floor area, or when interior
building modifications result in an increase in capacity for any premises
use, additional parking shall be provided and maintained in the proper
ratio to the use change increased floor area or capacity.
F.
Joint use of parking areas. The joint use of parking facilities by
two or more uses may be granted by the Planning Commission whenever
such use is practical and satisfactory to each of the uses intended
to be served, and when all requirements for location, design, and
construction are met.
(1)
Computing capacities. In computing capacities of any joint use, the
total space requirement is the sum of the individual requirements
that will occur at the same time. If space requirements for individual
uses occur at distinctly different times, the total of such off-street
parking facilities required for joint or collective use may be reduced
below the sum total of the individual space requirements.
(2)
Record of agreement. A copy of an agreement between joint users shall
be filed with the application for a building permit and recorded with
the Register of Deeds of the County. The agreement shall include a
guarantee for continued use of the parking facility by each party.
G.
Parking space requirements.
[Amended 7-13-2017]
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Parking Spaces per Designated Unit(s)
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Land Use
|
/Unit
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/Employee
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/Seat
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/100 Sq. Ft.
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/Bed/Bedroom
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Other
|
|
1- and 2-family dwellings
|
2
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|
Senior apartment
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1
|
1
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5 visit
| |||
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Multiple
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2
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Boardinghouses and lodging houses
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1.5
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Motels
|
1
|
1
| ||||
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Convalescent homes
|
1
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0.25
| ||||
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Hospitals
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1
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0.33
| ||||
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Clinics
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3
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Auditoriums, churches, stadiums, etc.
|
0.33
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Elementary and middle schools
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1 per employee, plus 1 per classroom
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High schools and colleges
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1 per employee, plus 1 per classroom, plus 1 per 10 students,
plus auditorium requirement
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Libraries, museums, post offices
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0.33
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1
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Golf course, tennis clubs, etc.
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1
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4 per hole; 4 per court
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Dance halls, pool halls, video arcades, etc.
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1
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1
| ||||
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Bowling alley
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5 per alley
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Professional offices and banks
|
1
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0.5
| ||||
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General offices
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0.5
|
0.5
| ||||
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General retail stores
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0.5
| |||||
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Barbershops and hair salons
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2 per chair
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Supermarkets, food stores
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2
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Automobile and gasoline service stations
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1
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3 per stall
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Drive-in restaurants
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2.5
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Funeral homes and mortuaries
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4
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Warehouses and wholesale stores
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0.2
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Industrial establishments
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0.5
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0.5
| ||||
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Winery/cidery/microbrewery tasting room
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2
| |||||
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Winery/cidery/microbrewery processing/bottling
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2
| |||||
|
*
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For calculating parking space for uses not listed, the Zoning
Board of Appeals shall make a determination the most similar use.
|
H.
Location of parking areas. All off-street parking areas shall be
located on the same lot, or on the adjacent premises in the same district
as the use they are intended to serve, with the exception of the following:
I.
Parking lot plan review. Whenever four or more vehicle parking spaces
are required for a given use, plans and specifications for the construction
or alteration of an off-street parking area shall be submitted to
the Zoning Administrator before a building permit can be issued. Such
plans and specifications shall indicate the location, basis of capacity
calculation, size, site design, surfacing, marking, lighting, drainage,
curb cuts, entrances, exits, landscaping, and any other detailed feature
essential to the complete design and construction of the parking area.
J.
Site development standards. All off-street parking areas shall be
designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with the following
standards and requirements.
(1)
Front yard parking may be considered in nonresidential districts, only the C-1, I-1, and O-1 Districts, with appropriate approval under Article VIII, Site Plan Review, of this chapter.
(2)
Except for one- and two-family dwellings, parking areas and driveways
shall be surfaced with a durable surface, such as asphalt, concrete,
crushed stone, gravel or other dustless surface material, and shall
be properly drained.
(3)
A minimum area of 200 square feet or 10 feet by 20 feet shall be
provided for each vehicle parking space; each space shall be definitely
designated and reserved for parking purposes exclusive of space requirements
for adequate ingress and egress.
(4)
Parking areas shall be so designed and marked as to provide for orderly
and safe movement and storage of vehicles.
(5)
Adequate ingress and egress to the parking area by means of clearly
limited and defined drives shall be provided.
(a)
Except for parking space provided for single-family and two-family
residential lots, drives for ingress and egress to the parking area
shall be not less than 20 feet wide and so located as to secure the
most appropriate development of the individual property.
(b)
Each entrance to and exit from an off-street parking area shall
be at least 25 feet from any adjacent lot within a residential district.
(6)
Each parking space within an off-street parking area shall be provided
with adequate access by means of maneuvering lanes. Backing directly
onto a street shall be prohibited. The width of required maneuvering
lanes may vary depending upon the proposed parking pattern, as follows:
(a)
For right-angle parking patterns 75° to 90°, the maneuvering
lane width shall be a minimum of 20 feet.
(b)
For parking patterns 54° to 74°, the maneuvering lane
width shall be a minimum of 15 feet.
(c)
For parking patterns 30° to 53°, the maneuvering lane
width shall be a minimum of 12 feet.
(d)
All maneuvering lane widths shall permit one-way traffic movement,
except for the 90° pattern, which may provide for two-way traffic
movement.
(7)
Except for single-family and two-family residential lots, adequate
lighting shall be provided throughout the hours when the parking area
is in operation. All lighting shall be so arranged as to reflect light
away from any residential property adjacent to the parking area and
any adjacent road or street.
(8)
Where a parking area or drive with a capacity of four or more vehicles
adjoins a residential district, a landscaped buffer strip at least
10 feet wide shall be provided between the parking area and the adjoining
property, or a fence or wall not less than four feet in height shall
be erected.
K.
Reduction, modification, waiver. The Board of Appeals may authorize
a reduction, modification, or waiver of any of the off-street parking
or loading regulations provided in this article when it can be demonstrated
that circumstances of extreme practical difficulty exist that would
result in hardship to the applicant. Hardship shall not be deemed
economic only, but shall be evaluated also in terms of the use of
a particular parcel of land. A hardship that is a result of any action
of the applicant shall not be considered by the Board of Appeals.
A.
Intent and purpose. In order to prevent undue interference with public
use of streets and alleys, every manufacturing, storage, warehouse,
department store, wholesale store, retail store, hotel, hospital,
laundry, dairy, mortuary, and other uses similarly and customarily
receiving or distributing goods by motor vehicle shall provide space
on the premises for that number of vehicles that will be at the premises
at the same time on an average day of full use.
B.
Additional parking space. Loading space required under this section shall be provided as area additional to off-street parking space as required under § 1-10.1G and shall not be considered as supplying off-street parking space.
C.
Space requirements. There shall be provided adequate space for standing,
loading, and unloading services not less than 12 feet in width, 25
feet in length, and 14 feet in height, open or enclosed, for uses
listed in the following table, or for similar uses similarly involving
the receipt of distribution by vehicles of materials or merchandise.
|
Use
|
Floor Area
(square feet)
|
Required Space
|
|---|---|---|
|
Commercial uses, such as retail stores, personal services, amusement,
automotive service
|
First 2,000
|
None
|
|
Next 20,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Each additional 20,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Hotels, offices
|
First 2,000
|
None
|
|
Next 50,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Each additional 100,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Wholesale and storage, including building and contractor's yards
|
First 20,000
|
1 space
|
|
Each additional 20,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Manufacturing uses
|
First 20,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
|
|
Each additional 20,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Funeral homes and mortuaries
|
First 5,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
|
|
Each additional 10,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Hospitals
|
First 10,000
|
None
|
|
Next 100,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Each additional 200,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 space
| |
|
Schools, churches, clubs, public assembly buildings
|
For each building
|
1 space
|
|
For similar uses not listed
|
For each building 5,000 or over
|
1 space
|
D.
Access. Access to a truck standing, loading, and unloading space
shall be provided directly from a public street or alley, and such
space shall be so arranged to provide sufficient off-street maneuvering
space as well as adequate ingress and egress to and from a street
or alley.
E.
Site requirements. Off-street loading spaces and access drives shall
be drained and lighted, and shall have appropriate bumper or wheel
guards where needed. Any light used for illumination shall be so arranged
as to reflect the light away from adjoining premises and streets.
Where any off-street loading space adjoins or abuts a lot or premises
used for residential, educational, recreational, or religious purposes,
or abuts a residential district, there shall be provided a masonry
wall or solid fence not less than four feet in height between the
off-street loading space and said residential, educational, recreational,
or religious premises or residential zone.
Curb cuts and driveways for access to commercial property shall
be spaced from street intersections and adjacent property lines a
specified distance for privacy and safety considerations in accordance
with the standards established by the County Road Commission.
