A.
For all regulated activities, unless preparation of an SWM site plan is specifically exempted in § 136-15:
B.
SWM site plans approved by the Borough, in accordance with § 136-25, shall be on site throughout the duration of the regulated activity.
C.
Impervious areas:
(1)
The measurement of impervious areas shall include all of the impervious
areas in the total proposed development even if development is to
take place in stages.
(2)
For development taking place in stages, the entire development plan
must be used in determining conformance with this chapter.
(3)
For projects that add impervious area to a parcel, the total impervious area on the parcel is subject to the requirements of this chapter; except that the volume controls in § 136-17 and the peak rate controls of § 136-18 do not need to be retrofitted to existing impervious areas that are not being altered by the proposed regulated activity.
D.
All regulated activities shall include such measures as necessary
to:
(1)
Protect health, safety, and property.
(2)
Meet the water quality goals of this chapter by implementing measures
to:
(a)
Minimize disturbance to floodplains, wetlands, and wooded areas.
(b)
Maintain or extend riparian buffers.
(c)
Avoid erosive flow conditions in natural flow pathways.
(d)
Minimize thermal impacts to waters of this Commonwealth.
(e)
Disconnect impervious surfaces by directing runoff to pervious
areas, wherever possible.
(3)
Incorporate methods described in the Pennsylvania Stormwater Best
Management Practices Manual (BMP Manual). Where practicable, green
infrastructure and LID methods should be employed to achieve the volume
and rate controls required by this chapter.
E.
Various BMPs and their design standards are listed in the BMP Manual.
B.
Agricultural activity is exempt from the SWM site plan preparation
requirements of this chapter provided the activities are performed
according to the requirements of 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102.
C.
Forest management and timber operations are exempt from the SWM site
plan preparation requirements of this chapter provided the activities
are performed according to the requirements of 25 Pa. Code Chapter
102.
D.
Exemptions from any provisions of this chapter shall not relieve the applicant from the requirements in § 136-14D.
E.
The Borough may deny or revoke any exemption pursuant to this section
at any time for any project that the Borough believes may pose a threat
to public health and safety or the environment.
The design of all stormwater management facilities shall incorporate
sound engineering judgment, principles and practices. The Borough
reserves the right to disapprove any design that would result in the
creation or continuation adverse hydrologic or hydraulic conditions.
The following general requirements shall apply to all regulated activities
within the Borough:
A.
Impervious area.
(1)
The measurement of impervious areas shall include all of the impervious
areas in the total proposed development, even if development is to
take place in phases.
(2)
For development taking place in phases, the total proposed impervious
area within the SWM site plan must be used in determining conformance
with this chapter.
(3)
For projects that add impervious area to a parcel, the total impervious area on the parcel is subject to the requirements of this chapter; except that the volume controls in § 136-17 and the peak rate controls of § 136-18 do not need to be retrofitted to existing impervious areas that are not being altered by the proposed regulated activity.
B.
All calculations, assumptions, criteria and references used in the
design of the SWM site plan shall be provided.
C.
Computations for determining stormwater runoff, and for the design
of stormwater management facilities, shall be based upon the NRCS
Soil-Cover-Complex Method (Technical Release 554 or Technical Release
20, as amended), or the Modified Rational Method. NRCS methods shall
be acceptable for watershed analyses of all sizes. The Modified Rational
Method shall be acceptable for watersheds up to 25 acres in size.
D.
Precipitation intensities utilized for Rational Method runoff computations
shall be based on mean precipitation frequency estimates (Duration
equals 60 minutes) published in the Precipitation-Frequency Atlas
of the United States, Atlas 14, Volume 2, U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather
Service, Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center, Silver Spring,
Maryland 20910. NOAA's Atlas 145 can be accessed at http://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/.
E.
Precipitation depths utilized for NRCS Method runoff computations
shall be based on mean precipitation frequency estimates (Duration
equals 24 hours) published in the Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of
the United States, Atlas 14, Volume 2, U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather
Service, Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center, Silver Spring,
Maryland, 20910. NOAA's Atlas 145 can be accessed at http://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/.
F.
Runoff Curve Numbers (CN) utilized for runoff computations based
on the Soil-Cover-Complex Method shall be obtained from the NRCS TR-55
Manual 4.
G.
Runoff coefficients (c) utilized for runoff computations based on
the Modified Rational Method shall be obtained from a source that
is widely accepted within the industry.
H.
The stormwater management plan shall consider and provide provisions
for management of all stormwater runoff affecting the development
site, including safe conveyance of the 100-year design storm runoff
from offsite watersheds, if any.
I.
Storm sewers, swales and other stormwater conveyance structures shall
be designed to convey post-development runoff from a twenty-five-year
design storm with adequate freeboard. Storm sewers shall not surcharge
above inlet grates. Six inches of freeboard shall be provided in swales
carrying less than 15 cfs. One foot of freeboard shall be provided
for in drainageways designed to carry flows of 15 cfs or greater.
J.
The minimum pipe diameter permitted for use in storm sewer systems
and/or stormwater carrying culverts dedicated to the Borough shall
be 15 inches.
K.
Stormwater drainage systems shall be provided in order to permit
unimpeded flow along natural watercourses.
L.
Stormwater flows onto adjacent property shall not be created, increased,
concentrated or relocated without written consent by the adjacent
property owner(s). Such stormwater flows shall be subject to the requirements
of this chapter.
M.
If existing diffused drainage discharge will be concentrated in the
post development condition and discharged onto an adjacent property,
the applicant must document that adequate downstream conveyance facilities
exist to safely transport the concentrated discharge, or otherwise
prove that no erosion, sedimentation, flooding or other harm will
result from the concentrated discharge.
N.
Any stormwater management facilities regulated by this chapter that
would be located in or adjacent to waters of this Commonwealth or
wetlands shall be subject to approval by DEP and, if applicable, the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
O.
When there is a question whether wetlands or other regulated resources
may exist, it is the responsibility of the applicant or his agent
to demonstrate to the applicable regulatory agencies that the lands
or features in question cannot be classified as wetlands or other
regulated resources.
P.
Any stormwater management facilities regulated by this chapter that
would be located in state highway rights-of-way shall be subject to
approval by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
Q.
A manhole, inlet or cleanout structure shall be provided at all horizontal
and vertical directional changes in storm sewer piping. They shall
install intermediate cleanout structures as required at spacing intervals
that will ease adequate maintenance of all storm sewer runs.
R.
The stormwater management plan shall include calculations indicating
velocities of flow, grades, sizes and capacities of water carrying
structures, and retention and detention structures, as well as sufficient
design information to construct such facilities.
S.
Proposed lots or buildings adjacent to stormwater management basins
and channels designed to convey a 100-year design storm shall have
a finished grade elevation or first floor elevation two feet above
the calculated 100-year storm event water surface elevation. First
floor and finished grade elevations shall be specified on the plan.
T.
For all regulated activities, SWM BMPs shall be designed, implemented,
operated and maintained to meet the purposes and requirements of this
chapter and to meet all requirements under Title 25, Pa.Code, the
Clean Streams Law, 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq., and the Storm
Water Management Act, 32 P.S. § 680.1 et seq. Special provisions
may be required for projects draining to, or located in, special protection
waters, which are high quality (HQ) or exceptional value (EV) by designation
in 25 Pa.Code, Chapter 93, or by statewide existing use as dictated
by DEP.
A.
Green infrastructure and low impact development practices provided
in the BMP Manual should be utilized for all regulated activities
wherever practicable.
B.
Volume controls shall be designed to meet the requirements of Control
Guideline 1 (CG-1) in the BMP Manual.
C.
Volume control facilities.
(1)
A detailed soils evaluation of the project site shall be required
to decide the suitability of infiltration facilities. A qualified
design professional shall perform the evaluation, and at a minimum,
address soil permeability, depth to bedrock and normal or a seasonal
high water table, susceptibility to sinkhole formation, and subgrade
stability.
(2)
Provide field tests to determine the presence of appropriate soil
infiltration/percolation rates between 0.10 and 10.0 inch per hour.
Testing shall be performed at the location of each proposed infiltration
BMP at the bottom elevation of the proposed facility. A plan including
the frequency and locations of soil tests shall be submitted to the
Borough for review and approval.
(3)
Infiltration facilities shall be capable of completely dewatering
the infiltration volume within 72 hours from the end of the design
storm.
(4)
The bottom (infiltration surface) of infiltration facilities shall
be separated by a minimum 24 inches vertically from the static or
seasonal high water table and bedrock layer, as documented by soil
testing at the location of the facility.
(5)
Specific requirements shall be included on the plans to protect infiltration
facilities from compaction by equipment and to prevent sediment from
entering infiltration facilities during construction.
(6)
Infiltration facilities shall be at least 15 feet down-gradient,
or 50 feet up-gradient from on-site and/or offsite building foundations;
except that infiltration facilities that collect runoff from house
roof drains, having a roof area contributory to the infiltration facility
equal to 1,500 square feet or less, shall be at least 15 feet down-gradient,
or 15 feet up-gradient from on-site or off-site building foundations.
(7)
Infiltration facilities shall be a minimum of 100 feet from any drinking
water supply well.
(8)
Infiltration facilities shall not be located within 50 feet of septic
systems and/or septic system drain fields.
(9)
The bottom (infiltration surface) of infiltration facilities shall
not be constructed in a compacted fill layer.
(10)
The bottom (infiltration surface) of infiltration facilities
shall be constructed at a slope of 1% or flatter.
(11)
All infiltration facilities shall incorporate a conveyance and
control for overflow runoff.
(12)
In carbonate areas, infiltration facilities shall be designed
to disperse stormwater over the largest area feasible so as not to
significantly modify the natural hydrologic regime. The use of widely
distributed infiltration facilities (as opposed to centralized infiltration
facilities) is highly recommended.
A.
For areas not covered by a release rate map from an approved Act
167 stormwater management plan post-development discharge rates shall
not exceed the pre-development discharge rates for the one-, two-,
five-, ten-, twenty-five-, fifty-, and 100-year, twenty-four-hour
storm events. If it is shown that the peak rates of discharge indicated
by the post-development analysis are less than or equal to the peak
rates of discharge indicated by the predevelopment analysis for one-,
two-, five-, ten-, twenty-five-, fifty-, and 100-year, twenty-four-hour
storms, then the requirements of this section have been met. Otherwise,
the applicant shall provide additional controls as necessary to satisfy
the peak rate of discharge requirement.
B.
For areas covered by a release rate map from an approved Act 167
stormwater management plan for the one-, two-, five-, ten-, twenty-five-,
fifty-, and 100-year, twenty-four-hour storm events, the post-development
peak discharge rates will follow the applicable approved release rate
maps. For any areas not shown on the release rate maps, the post-development
discharge rates shall not exceed the predevelopment discharge rates.
C.
Rate control facilities:
(1)
Embankment material used for earthen basin construction shall be
comprised of either on-site or imported fill which meets the following
criteria:
(2)
Embankment slopes shall not be steeper than one foot vertical in
three feet horizontal.
(3)
The top width of basin embankments shall not be less than six feet.
(4)
Emergency spillways in berms or earthen embankments shall be designed
to convey the peak discharge from a 100-year design storm event while
maintaining a minimum one foot of freeboard, assuming that the principal
outlet structure is completely blocked.
(5)
Where possible, emergency spillways shall be constructed in virgin
material, not in fill. Proper erosion control measures shall be provided
to protect the spillway and embankment against the erosive effects
of accelerated discharge. Calculations for erosion protection shall
be provided.
(6)
All embankments shall incorporate a compacted clay core and cutoff
key trench meeting the criteria for embankment material as well as
the following additional criteria: soil shall be relatively impermeable
and meet the following USCS classification groups as determined by
ASTM D2487/D2488 CL and/or CL-ML. Top width of compacted clay core
shall be a minimum of two feet with a top elevation equal to the twenty-five-year
storm peak water storage elevation or higher. The bottom width of
clay key trench shall be a minimum of four feet and the key shall
extend a minimum of two feet into virgin, undisturbed soil below the
topsoil layer.
(7)
Anti-seep collars shall be installed on all basin outlet pipes. The
required size and spacing of the collars shall be confirmed through
calculations.
(8)
Basins designed to provide extended detention times as a water quality
control shall dewater in not less than 48 hours and not more than
96 hours.
(9)
Basins shall be kept in a maintainable condition with a minimum bottom
slope of 1% toward the principal outlet. This requirement shall not
apply to basins that do not dewater the entire storage volume through
the principal outlet (i.e., infiltration basin, wet basin, retention
basin, etc.).
A.
In order to protect and improve water quality, the creation of a
riparian buffer easement shall be created and recorded as part of
any subdivision or land development proposed on previously undeveloped
lands through which surface water flows.
B.
Riparian buffers are strongly encouraged, but not required, on previously
developed properties on which redevelopment is proposed.
C.
Except as required by Chapter 102, the riparian buffer easement shall
be measured to be 35 feet from the top of the streambank on each side
of the watercourse.
D.
Minimum management requirements for riparian buffers.
(1)
Existing native vegetation shall be protected and maintained within
the riparian buffer easement.
(2)
Whenever practicable invasive vegetation shall be actively removed
and the riparian buffer easement shall be planted with native trees,
shrubs and other vegetation to create a diverse native plant community
appropriate to the intended ecological context of the site.
E.
The riparian buffer easement shall be enforceable by the Borough
and shall be recorded in the appropriate County Recorder of Deeds
Office, so that it shall run with the land and shall limit the use
of the property located therein. The easement shall allow for the
continued private ownership and shall count toward the minimum lot
area a required by zoning, unless otherwise specified in the municipal
Zoning Ordinance.[1]
F.
Any permitted use within the riparian buffer easement shall be conducted
in a manner that will maintain the extent of the existing 100-year
floodplain, improve or maintain the stream stability, and preserve
and protect the ecological function of the floodplain.
G.
The following conditions shall apply when public and/or private recreation
trails are permitted within riparian buffers:
H.
Septic drain fields and sewage disposal systems shall not be permitted
within the riparian buffer easement and shall comply with setback
requirements established under 25 Pa. Code Chapter 73.