Definitions. The following words and phrases shall have the particular
meanings assigned by this section where used in this article.
ARBORICULTURE
The cultivation, management, and study of individual trees,
shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants. The science of arboriculture
studies how these plants grow and respond to cultural practices and
to their environment. The practice of arboriculture includes cultural
techniques such as selection, planting, training, fertilization, pest
and pathogen control, pruning, shaping, and removal.
CALIPER
The diameter in inches of the tree trunk 12 inches above
the base of the tree at ground level.
CARTWAY
That portion of the street or highway used for vehicular
traffic. The cartway includes the shoulders and on-street parking
but does not include the tree lawn and sidewalks.
COMMISSION
The Shade Tree Commission of the Township of Derry.
ENFORCEMENT OFFICIAL
A position assigned to the Township of Derry's Director
of Public Works or his designated representative. The Enforcement
Official is authorized to carry out enforcement of this article. The
Enforcement Official works with the Shade Tree Commission.
HAZARDOUS TREE
A tree with structural defects likely to cause failure of
all or part of the tree, meaning it could strike a vehicle, building,
or place where people gather.
HEDGE PLANTING
A hedge or hedgerow that is a line of closely spaced shrubs
and tree species, planted and trained in such a manner as to form
a barrier to mark the boundary of an area.
ISA
The International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) who outlines
the standard practices for tree care operations that should be adhered
to and which can be used to judge and evaluate tree care work.
LARGE TREES/MEDIUM TREES
As designated in the Township of Derry Street Tree List (Appendix
A). Medium trees range from 30 feet to 70 feet in height at
maturity. Large trees are over 70 feet in height at maturity; some
species are considerably taller.
MINOR STREET
Refers to a street used primarily for access to abutting
properties and designed to carry no more than 1,000 vehicular movements
per day.
PERMIT
The written permission given to plant, prune, or remove a
public tree according to the standards and specifications that are
issued by the Shade Tree Commission and the Enforcement Official.
PERSON
Individual, partnership, public or private association or
corporation, firm, trust, estate, municipality, governmental unit,
public utility or any other legal entity whatsoever, which is recognized
by law as the subject of rights and duties.
PROPERTY OWNER
Any person, agent, operator, firm, or corporation having
a legal or equitable interest in real property or recorded in the
official records of the commonwealth, county, or Township as holding
title to the property or otherwise having control of the property,
including the guardian of the estate of any such person and the trustee,
executor, or administrator of the estate of such person, if authorized
by law to take possession of real property or if ordered or authorized
to take possession of real property by a court. This term shall also
apply to any person, legal entity, or agent responsible for the construction,
maintenance, or operation of the subject property.
PUBLIC PLACE
Includes all parks and other grounds owned, leased, or controlled
by the Township of Derry for public purposes.
PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY
An area of land encumbered by reservation, dedication, forced
dedication, prescription, or condemnation that is occupied or intended
to be occupied by a public street, walkway, trail, or other public
way.
PUBLIC TREE
Includes all shade and ornamental trees now and hereinafter
growing on any public right-of-way and any public place. Public trees
are also known as "shade trees."
ROOT CROWN
That point on a tree where the stem arises from the roots
at or just above ground level.
SHADE TREE
Any tree subject to this article planted in a public right-of-way
or public place. A shade tree is also known as a "public tree."
SHRUB
A woody plant with several stems, having its growth starting
at or just above the ground level. Shrubs are often used for hedges.
SMALL TREE
As designated in the Township of Derry Street Tree List (Appendix
A). Small trees are less than 30 feet in height at maturity
and may be considerably shorter.
STREET TREE
Any tree located within the right-of-way of the public streets and highways of the Township and may include a public tree or a shade tree, typically located in the area commonly referred to as the "tree lawn." A street tree is also referred to as a "shade tree" in Chapter
185, Subdivision and Land Development.
TOP or TOPPING OF THE TREE
The indiscriminate and drastic cutting back and/or removal
of the tree's branches/limbs, leaving large stubs that die back
and cause major internal decay and rot. Topping causes a slow decline
in the tree health and creates future hazardous trees due to the internal
decay and rot that damages the tree.
TOWNSHIP
The Township of Derry, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.
TREE
Any woodland plant having one or more erect perennial stems
or trunks that at maturity is at least three inches in diameter when
measured at four feet above the root crown.
TREE LAWN
That part of the street or highway right-of-way adjacent
to developed property, not covered by sidewalk or other paving, lying
between the property line and curbline, or if no curb exists, the
edge of the cartway.