(a) 
Purpose.
The purpose of this article is to ensure that:
(1) 
Adequate off-street parking is provided by this chapter;
(2) 
Sufficient parking is provided in nonresidential areas that are near residential neighborhoods, so that the character and quality of life in the residential neighborhoods are protected from overflow parking;
(3) 
Adequate loading areas are provided that do not interfere with the function of other vehicular use areas;
(4) 
Access to sites is managed to maintain the desired function and safety of the adjacent street(s); and
(5) 
Vehicular use areas and sites are designed and lighted to promote public safety without creating undue light pollution and off-site glare.
(b) 
Applicability.
(1) 
All new development shall provide the quantity of parking spaces required by section 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking, and comply with all other provisions of this article.
(2) 
Redevelopment, significant improvements, and expansions of existing development and changes in the use(s) of existing buildings that require additional parking shall provide parking to the extent of the new demand created by the improvement, expansion, or change in use(s).
(3) 
Changes in the use(s) of existing buildings that result in fewer required parking spaces shall not be required to provide additional parking spaces.
(4) 
Timing of compliance.
No change of use permit, building permit, occupational license, or certificate of occupancy shall be issued unless and until off-street parking and loading is provided in accordance with this chapter.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Surfacing.
(1) 
Generally.
Parking lots shall be paved with an all-weather surface that provides effective drainage and protection against potholes, erosion, and dust in accordance with the city’s Street and Parking Design Technical Standards.
(2) 
Maintenance.
All paved parking locations shall be maintained to ensure that, should a pothole or erosion occur, it will be repaired.
(3) 
Exemption to paving requirement.
Permitted establishments that meet the definition of heavy machinery sales and rentals and are classified as such per section 14.03.004, Nonresidential Uses, are partially exempt from the required paving requirement of this section under the following conditions:
(A) 
Pavement is required for all locations where customer parking is required per the parking requirement of one space per 250 sf. PFA (see table 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use; and
(B) 
Gravel or a pervious payment as described in subsection (a)(4) is used as cover for all display locations of vehicles or equipment provided that such vehicle and/or equipment meets the definition of a “covered farm vehicle” as defined in part 390 of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations.
(4) 
Pervious pavement.
All development with paved parking shall be encouraged, but not required, to use pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems. From the standpoint of complying with subsection (a)(1), above, pervious pavement shall be considered “paved” if it complies with the following:
(A) 
The pervious pavement or pervious pavement system shall be designed and certified by a registered engineer or landscape architect to carry a wheel load of 4,000 pounds.
(B) 
In nonresidential and mixed-use developments, pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems, except pervious asphalt or pervious concrete, shall not be used for access and circulation drives, driveways, parking aisles, disabled parking spaces, or loading spaces.
(C) 
Pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems that utilize turf grass shall be limited to overflow parking which is not typically used on a daily or regular basis.
(D) 
The use of pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems shall not count as landscaping.
(E) 
The use of pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems shall be prohibited in areas on a lot used for the dispensing of gasoline or other engine fuels or where hazardous liquids may be absorbed into the soil.
(F) 
The use of pervious pavement or pervious pavement systems shall be adequately maintained so that the specified level of perviousness continues over time.
(b) 
Striping.
(1) 
Clearly identified.
Except for single-family uses and for the display locations of establishments that are defined and classified as heavy machinery sales and rental, parking spaces shall be permanently and clearly identified by any methods approved as part of the city’s Street and Parking Design Technical Standards.
(2) 
Maintenance.
Nonpermanent type marking, such as paint, shall be regularly maintained to ensure continuous clear identification of the space.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Fixture type.
(1) 
Light fixtures shall be: (see figure 14.06.003, Types of Light Fixtures)
(A) 
“Cut-off” fixtures that limit lighting that is visible or measurable at the property line;
(B) 
Of constant intensity;
(C) 
Reflected or shielded so as not to:
(i) 
Be of excessive brightness;
(ii) 
Cause glare hazardous to pedestrians or drivers;
(iii) 
Create any public or private nuisance; or
(iv) 
Unreasonably interfere with an abutting property owner’s right to enjoy their property.
(2) 
“No cut-off” fixtures used only for decorative purposes, provided:
(A) 
They have light fixtures that produce no more than 1,500 lumens (approximately equal to a 100 watt incandescent bulb);
(B) 
They have a maximum height of 15 feet; and
(C) 
They use energy-efficient bulbs, such as compact fluorescent (CF) and light-emitting diode (LED).
Figure 14.06.003. Types of Light Fixtures
-Image-6.tif
(b) 
Maximum freestanding fixture height.
No freestanding light fixture shall be greater than 25 feet in height.
(c) 
Prohibited lighting.
(1) 
General regulations.
No outdoor lighting may be used in any manner that is likely to:
(A) 
Interfere with the safe movement of motor vehicles on public thoroughfares; or
(B) 
Reflect or shine on neighboring properties in such a manner as to be a nuisance.
(2) 
Specific prohibitions.
The following are prohibited:
(A) 
Any fixed light not designed for roadway illumination that produces incident or reflected light that could impair the operator of a motor vehicle;
(B) 
The installation, use, or maintenance of beacons or searchlights; and
(C) 
Exposed strip lighting or neon tubing used to illuminate building facades or outline buildings or windows or flickering or flashing lights installed in a like fashion, except for temporary decorative seasonal lighting.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
Parking spaces shall have the following dimensions:
(1) 
Generally.
Nine feet in width by 20 feet standard stall depth, which equals 180 total square feet.
(2) 
90-degree parking spaces that abut a curb or the edge of pavement (allowing an overhang).
Nine feet in width by 18 feet reduced stall depth provided:
(A) 
There is a six-foot-wide sidewalk; or
(B) 
A minimum eight-foot landscape area (see figure 14.06.004, Parking Space Dimensions).
(3) 
Parallel parking spaces.
Eight feet width by 20 feet standard stall depth.
(4) 
Space for entering and exiting.
Parking spaces shall be provided with sufficient space for entering and exiting without backing onto a public street. Parking spaces on the perimeter of the parking lot and abutting a property line shall have a wheel stop two feet from the end of the parking space.
Figure 14.06.004. Parking Space Dimensions
-Image-7.tif
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Generally.
The minimum off-street parking regulations shall be provided for the land uses specified in table 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use.
(b) 
Calculation of spaces.
The number of required parking spaces is calculated according to the formulas set out in this section. The variables used for parking calculations are as follows:
(1) 
Sum of specific uses.
In computing the parking requirements for any development the total parking requirements shall be the sum of the specific parking space requirements, per table 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking, for each use included in the development except as provided in section 14.06.008, Allowances for Off- Street, Off-Site Parking, and section 14.06.009, Shared Parking.
(2) 
Rounding.
If the final calculation of the number of required parking spaces includes a fractional space, the number of required parking spaces is rounded up to the nearest whole number, regardless of the fraction.
(3) 
Per square foot (sf.) of parking floor area (PFA).
The phrase “per sf. of PFA” means that the number of parking spaces is calculated based on the number of “parking-related” square feet of floor area per the use. The “PFA” is 85 percent of the gross floor area, plus the area of any parts of the parcel proposed for development that are delineated and used in a manner that is comparable in function and intensity to the use of the inside of the building (e.g., outdoor dining areas).
(4) 
Per dwelling unit (DU).
The phrase “per DU” means that the number of parking spaces is calculated based on the number of dwelling units.
(5) 
Per bedroom (BR).
The phrase “per BR” means the number of parking spaces is calculated based on the number of bedrooms.
(6) 
Per bed.
The phrase “per bed” means that the number of parking spaces is based on the total number of beds in any given facility. Per bed calculations are normally applied to uses that offer residential care or overnight accommodations with shared rooms.
(7) 
Per employee.
The phrase “per employee” means that the number of parking spaces is based on the number of employees during the shift in which the maximum number of employees is present.
(8) 
Uses involving fleets or vehicle inventory.
Uses that involve fleets of vehicles (e.g., police stations, fire stations, etc.) and uses that involve vehicle inventories (e.g., passenger vehicle sales or rental) shall provide parking for the fleet or inventory. Such parking shall not count toward the requirements of table 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use.
(9) 
New and unspecified uses.
Where a determination of the minimum parking and/or loading requirements cannot be readily ascertained for new or unspecified uses or where uncertainty exists, the minimum off-street parking and/or loading requirements shall be established by the same process as provided for classifying new and unspecified uses. See section 14.03.005, New and Unspecified Uses.
Table 14.06.005. Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use
RESIDENTIAL USES
Single-Family Detached Residential
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Single-family dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit (DU)
Duplex (2 du)
2 spaces per DU
Townhouse (3 to 10 du)
2 spaces per DU
Industrialized housing
2 spaces per DU
Multiple-Family Residential1
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Apartment (> 3 du)
2 spaces for efficiency unit or 1 bedroom (BR); 3 spaces per DU for 2 BR; 4 spaces per DU for 3 BR plus [sic]
Dormitory
1 space per DU
Manufactured home park
2 spaces per DU
Retirement housing
1 space per 3 beds
Residential Accessory
Required Additional Off-Street Parking Spaces
Attached accessory dwelling unit
1 space per BR
Detached accessory dwelling unit
1 space per BR
Downtown loft
1 space per BR
Commercial Uses of the Home
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Bed and breakfast
1 space per BR designated for the use
Home occupations
No additional parking required
Registered family home (child care)
2 spaces per DU + additional space for drop-off/pick-up
Table 14.06.005. Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use
NONRESIDENTIAL USES
Agricultural Uses and Support Services
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Animal husbandry
1 space per 5,000 sf. of the use
Community garden
1 space per 5,000 sf. of the use
Farm, ranch, or orchard
1 space per 5,000 sf. of the use
Farming, landscaping and horticultural sales and services
1 space per 5,000 sf. of the use
Greenhouse/nursery
1 space per 5,000 sf. of the use
Automobile and Related Service Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Automobile and vehicle wash
1 space per 2 bays for self-service vehicle washes (not including the bays); 1 space per unattended automated wash; 5 spaces per attended, automated wash with detail or hand-finishing services
Automobile/vehicle parts and/or accessories
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Automobile/vehicle sales
1 space per 1,000 sf. PFA of showroom + 1 space per 20,000 sf. of inventory storage
Automobile/vehicle rental
5 spaces, plus spaces for rental car inventory
Automobile/vehicle repair and auto body
4 spaces per service bay
Automobile/vehicle service
3 spaces per service bay
Civic, Institutional, and Health Care Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Adult day care center
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Cemetery/funeral services
1 space per 200 sf. PFA + 2 spaces per acre
Correctional institution
1 space per 500 sf. PFA
Child-care, day care center
1 space per employee + 1 space per 5 students + 5 spaces for short-term loading and unloading
Educational services
1 space per 65 sq. ft. of classroom space + 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of office space
Hospital/rehabilitative care
1 space per bed
Library, museum, or gallery
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Medical and diagnostic laboratories
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Medical office/clinic
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Place of assembly, indoor
1 space per 100 sf. PFA
Governmental service (police, fire, emergency medical services)
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Commercial Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Bank, credit union, and financial services
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Building materials and hardware
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Dance hall/nightclub
1 space per 75 sf. PFA
Gasoline station
1 space per 4 pump stations or Level 3 charging stations, plus 3 spaces per service bay, plus 1 space per 200 sf. PFA for an attached convenience store
Grocery (food sales)
1 space per 200 sf. PFA
Heavy machinery sales and rentals
1 space per 250 sf. PFA
Home furnishing store
1 space per 250 sf. PFA
Kennel
1 space per 400 sf. PFA
Manufactured home sales
1 space per 500 sf. PFA + 1 space per 10,000 sf. outdoor storage area
Motel
1 space per guest room + 1 space per 300 sf. of meeting rooms, ballrooms, and administrative offices + 1 space per 100 sf. PFA of integrated restaurants and bars that are open to the public (if applicable)
Office, general
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Pawn shop
1 space per 200 sf. PFA
Personal services
1 space per 200 sf. PFA
Recreational vehicle parks and campgrounds
1 space per campsite
Repair service
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Restaurant
1 space per 75 sf. PFA
Retail sales
1 space per 200 sf. PFA
Self-storage, mini-warehouse
1 space per 25 storage units + 1 space per 300 sf. of office space
Sexually oriented business
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Studio or shop (arts, crafts, or recording)
1 space per 200 sf. PFA
Veterinary clinic and/or service, small animal
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Veterinary clinic, large animal
1 space per 300 sf. PFA
Industrial and Manufacturing Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Bakery, wholesale
1 space per 300 sf. of office area + 1 space per 1,000 sf. of warehouse
Batch plant, permanent
1 space per 300 sf. of PFA
Industrial and Manufacturing Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Contractor’s shop and/or service yard
1 space per 500 sf. of storage yard
Industrial and manufacturing product sales and supply
1 space per 300 sf. of PFA
Junkyard/salvage yard
1 space per 10,000 sf. of storage yard
Laundries, commercial
1 space per 300 sf. of PFA
Manufacturing, heavy (includes handling of explosive and/or foul materials)
1 space per 500 sf. of PFA
Manufacturing, light (includes product assembly and processing)
1 space per 400 sf. of PFA
Publishing services
1 space per 300 sf. of PFA
Resource extraction
1 space per employee on the largest shift
Warehousing and storage
1 space per 300 sf. of office area + 1 space per 1,000 sf. of warehouse
Recreation and Entertainment Uses
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Commercial amusement, indoor
1 space per 4 seats; or if no seats: 1 space per 150 sf. PFA
Commercial amusement, outdoor
1 space per 4 seats; or if no seats: 1 space per 150 sf. PFA
Outdoor shooting/archery range
1 space per station + 1 space per employee
Park and recreation facility or center
5 spaces per acre
Transportation, Utility, and Communication
Required Off-Street Parking Spaces
Cargo terminal
1 space per 400 sf. of PFA
Landfill
1 space per employee on largest shift
Passenger terminal
1 space per 400 sf. of PFA
Power generation, transmission, and distribution (includes large solar collectors and windmills)
1 space per employee on largest shift
Water and sewage treatment
1 space per employee on largest shift
Water storage
1 space per employee on largest shift
Wireless telecommunications tower
1 space per tower
Notes:
1 The off-street parking spaces designated for each apartment (multiple-family) dwelling unit shall be located within 100 feet of the dwelling unit served by such spaces.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Parking lots adjacent to residential.
Wherever a parking lot is located across the street from or adjacent to a residentially zoned property (SR, MR, MF, or MH), and is designed so that headlight beams will shine into residences (whether or not such residences have been built at the time the parking lot is constructed), a Type B bufferyard (see table 14.07.004(A), Bufferyard Classifications) shall be erected and maintained so as to provide a headlight screen for the residential district.
(b) 
Prohibition on large vehicles parking two or more days.
In all residential districts (SR, MR, MF, or MH), no heavy load vehicle, truck trailer, truck tractor, mobile home, motor home, camper, trailer, boat, machinery, farm equipment or machinery or any other similar equipment or machinery shall be parked or left standing for more than two days out of any consecutive seven-day period within the front yard between the front building line and the front property line or within the side yard of a corner lot between the side building line and the side property line on the side of the lot abutting a street or public right-of-way.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Number of spaces permitted.
As required by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA), a certain number of required disabled parking spaces are required as part of new development and redevelopment. The disabled parking spaces shall be incorporated into, rather than in addition to, the overall number of parking spaces required via table 14.06.005, Required Off-Street Parking by Land Use. The minimum number of required disabled parking spaces is set out in table 14.06.007(A), Parking for Persons with Disabilities.
Table 14.06.007(A). Parking for Persons with Disabilities
Number of Required Parking Spaces
Number of Standard Automobile Spaces
Number of Disabled Spaces that Must be Van Accessible
1 to 25
1
1
26 to 50
2
1
51 to 75
3
1
76 to 100
4
1
101 to 150
5
1
151 to 200
6
1
201 to 300
7
1
301 to 400
8
1
401 to 500
9
2
501 to 1,000
2 percent of total
1 out of 8 disabled parking spaces, rounded up
1,001 and over
20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
1 out of 8 disabled parking spaces, rounded up
(b) 
Parking space size specifications.
Figure 14.06.007(B), ADA Parking Space Specifications, details the specific size requirements for both standard automobile and van accessible ADA accessible parking spaces.
Figure 14.06.007(B). ADA Parking Space Specifications
Standard Automobile Parking Spot
-Image-8.tif
Van Accessible Parking Spot
-Image-9.tif
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
All zoning districts.
Off-site, off-street parking spaces may be permitted with site plan approval in any district subject to all of the following requirements:
(1) 
That a permanent and irrevocable easement of the parking facilities in favor of the premises to be benefited shall be dedicated and recorded as a condition of such use;
(2) 
That the nearest point of the premises utilized for such parking spaces shall be not more than 300 feet in a straight line from the nearest point of the premises to be benefited; and
(3) 
No such parking space may be located on the same lot as a residential dwelling.
(b) 
DT and MU zoning districts.
Within the Downtown (DT) and Mixed Use (MU) zoning districts remote parking including structured parking may be provided on another parcel and qualify for off-street parking, subject to:
(1) 
The distance from the parcel proposed for development to the remote parking lot shall not exceed 600 feet;
(2) 
Access to the parcel proposed for development shall be on property that is reasonably accessible to the parcel proposed for development; and
(3) 
The limited use standards for automobile structured parking (primary use) per subsection (d)(3) [(c)(5)] of section 14.04.002, Limited Use Standards.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
With approval of a site plan per section 14.12.006, Site Development Plans, off-street parking facilities for different buildings, structures, or uses, or for mixed uses, may be provided and used collectively or jointly in any zoning district in which separate off-street parking facilities for each constituent use would be permitted, subject to the following provisions:
(1) 
Legal document required.
A legally sufficient written agreement assuring the perpetual joint usage of said common parking for the combination of uses or buildings is properly drawn and executed by the parties concerned, approved as to form and execution by the city attorney, and filed with and made part of the application for a building permit.
(2) 
Percentage reduction.
A reduction in parking requirements is permitted up to 60 percent for land uses that have opposite peak usage timeframes.
(A) 
Any combination of land uses selected one from Group A and one from Group B is permitted.
(i) 
Group A.
a. 
Commercial amusement, indoor;
b. 
Commercial amusement, outdoor;
c. 
Park and recreation facility or center;
d. 
Dance hall/nightclub;
e. 
Place of public assembly, indoor.
(ii) 
Group B.
a. 
Adult day care center;
b. 
Child-care, day care center;
c. 
Bank, credit union, and financial services;
d. 
Office, general.
(B) 
Additional land use combinations will only be permitted by specific evidence that proves that the peak usage of the parking facility will not have any overlapping timeframes.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Ingress and egress.
Adequate provision for ingress and egress to all parking spaces shall be provided by driveways or maneuvering areas with direct access to a public street or to a private right-of-way easement. A private right-of-way easement shall be legally binding in form and substance and shall be recorded in the office of the register of deeds of Hale County, and a certified copy of the same, with evidence of recording thereon, shall be filed with the administrator.
(b) 
Required driveway design.
One-way driveways shall be at least 12 feet wide when the angle of parking is 45 degrees and 17 feet, six inches when the angle of parking is 60 degrees.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Number of loading spaces.
All nonresidential uses having at least 10,000 square feet of gross floor area shall provide and maintain off-street facilities for the loading and unloading of merchandise and goods within the building or on the lot adjacent to a private service drive. Where such loading space is located adjacent to a residential district, the space shall be enclosed on three sides. Loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the table below and any regulations in subsection (b) may change the general regulation.
Table 14.06.012. Required Loading Spaces for Nonresidential Uses With at Least 10,000 Square Feet
Square Feet of Gross Floor Area
Minimum Required Spaces1
0 to 10,000
None
10,000 to 50,000
1
50,000 to 100,000
2
100,000 to 200,000
3
Each additional 100,000
1 additional
1 The specific land uses identified in subsection (b)(5) shall require one additional loading space for each classification of square feet of gross floor area.
(b) 
Loading requirements for special areas and uses.
The requirements below vary from the general requirements set forth in table 14.06.012, Required Loading Spaces for Nonresidential Uses With at Least 10,000 Square Feet. These requirements are applicable regardless of the total amount of square footage of floor area.
(1) 
Private drives for elementary schools, kindergartens, and child-care, day care center.
Elementary schools, kindergartens, day care centers (child-care), and similar child training and care establishments shall provide loading and unloading space on a private drive, off-street to accommodate one motor vehicle for each 10 students or children cared for by the establishment.
(2) 
Loading docks adjacent to residential.
Loading docks for any establishment which customarily receives goods between the hours of 9:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. and is adjacent to a residential use or zoning district shall be designed and constructed so as to fully enclose the loading operation, in order to reduce the effects of the noise of the operation on adjacent residences.
(3) 
Screening adjacent to residential.
Where adjacent to residential uses or districts, off-street loading areas shall be screened with a Type B bufferyard (see table 14.07.004(A), Bufferyard Classifications) from view of the residential use or district.
(4) 
Downtown (DT) District.
Uses in the DT district are not required to provide loading spaces on-site. Loading is allowed from alleys or over-the-curb along street rights-of-way at times and locations approved by the administrator.
(5) 
Loading space always required for land use.
The following land uses require at least one additional loading space per each square feet of gross floor area classification as set out in table 14.06.012, Off-Street Loading:
(A) 
Cemetery/funeral services.
(B) 
Dormitory.
(C) 
Multiple-family development.
(D) 
Motel.
(E) 
Industrial and manufacturing uses.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)
(a) 
Approval of parking or loading reduction.
The administrator may approve a reduction in the number of required parking spaces or loading spaces per this article if the applicant demonstrates that such a reduction is appropriate and warranted based on specific parking demand forecasts for the proposed use, provided that:
(1) 
Such forecasts are made by a qualified, certified traffic engineer, and are based upon a peak parking analysis of at least five comparable uses; and
(2) 
The comparability of the uses shall be documented in detail, which includes their location, gross floor area, street access, use types and restrictions, hours of operation, peak parking demand periods, and all other factors that were considered by the traffic engineer that could affect parking demand.
(b) 
Review of reduction request.
The city may retain a qualified, certified traffic engineer, at the applicant’s and/or owner’s expense, to review the parking demand forecast and provide recommendations to the city.
(c) 
Approval of reduction request.
The administrator may approve a reduction in parking only if the requirements of this section are met.
(Ordinance 19-3690 adopted 4/23/19)