All main or branch soil, waste and vent pipes
within the building shall be of cast iron, brass or copper, except
that no galvanized steel or wrought-iron pipe shall be used for underground
soil or waste pipes.
The drain, soil and waste pipes and the traps
shall, as far as possible, be exposed to view for ready inspection
at all times and for convenience in repairing.
The following table, based on the rate of discharge
from a lavatory as the unit, shall be employed to determine fixture
equivalents:
|
Fixture
|
Fixture Units
|
|---|---|
|
1 lavatory or washbasin
|
1
|
|
1 kitchen sink
|
1 1/2
|
|
1 bathtub
|
2
|
|
1 laundry tray
|
3
|
|
1 combination fixture
|
3
|
|
1 urinal
|
3
|
|
1 shower bath
|
3
|
|
1 floor drain
|
3
|
|
1 slop sink
|
4
|
|
1 water closet
|
6
|
|
Stacks
(inches)
|
Branches
(inches)
|
Greatest Fixture Units
|
Length
(feet)
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Soil and Waste Pipe Sizes
| |||
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
30
| |
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
8
| |
|
2
|
8
|
40
| |
|
Except water closet
|
2
|
5
|
12
|
|
2 1/2
|
10
|
40
| |
|
2 1/2
|
6
|
16
| |
|
3
|
24
|
50
| |
|
3
|
15
|
30
| |
|
4
|
80
|
75
| |
|
4
|
40
|
50
| |
|
5
|
150
|
90
| |
|
5
|
80
|
60
| |
|
6
|
400
|
Unlimited
| |
|
6
|
150
|
Unlimited
| |
|
Vent Pipe Sizes
| |||
|
1 1/2
|
4
|
30
| |
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
15
| |
|
2
|
14
|
35
| |
|
2
|
6
|
20
| |
|
2 1/2
|
30
|
40
| |
|
2 1/2
|
20
|
25
| |
|
3
|
66
|
80
| |
|
4
|
160
|
100
| |
|
5
|
240
|
200
| |
No water closet shall discharge into a stack
less than three inches in diameter. Not more than three water closets
or their equivalent in fixture units shall discharge into a three-inch
stack from one three-inch branch, and not more than two such branches
may connect to a three-inch stack at the same point or level.
All soil and waste stacks and branches shall
be provided with correctly faced inlets for fixture connections.
In existing buildings where the soil or waste
vent pipe is not extended undiminished through or above the roof,
or where there is a sheet metal soil or waste vent pipe, and the fixture
is changed in style or location or is replaced, a soil or waste vent
pipe of the size and material prescribed for new work shall be installed.
No fixture connection shall be made to a lead
bend or branch of a water closet or similar fixture. No soil or waste
vent, circuit or loop vent above the highest installed fixture on
the branch or main shall thereafter be used as a soil or waste pipe.
No soil or waste stack shall be installed or
permitted outside a building.
A.
All roof extensions of soil and waste stacks shall
be run full size at least one foot above the roof, and when the roof
is used for other purposes than weather protection, such extension
shall not be less than five feet above the roof.
B.
When there is danger of frost closure, no roof extension
shall be less than four inches in diameter. Change in diameter shall
be made by use of a long increaser at least one foot below the roof,
and where access to the roof is difficult, a test opening shall be
provided at this point.
The roof terminal of any stack or vent, if within
12 feet of any door, window, scuttle or air shaft, shall extend at
least three feet above the same.
A.
No soil, waste or vent pipe extension in any new or
existing building shall be run or placed on the outside of the wall
but shall be carried up in the inside of the roof.
B.
In the event that a new building is built higher than
an existing building, the owner of the new building shall not locate
windows within 12 feet of any existing vent stack on the lower building
unless the owner of such new building shall defray the expenses of
or shall himself make such alteration.
C.
It shall be the duty of the owner of the lower or
existing building to make such alteration therein upon the receipt
in advance of money or security therefor sufficient for the purpose
from the owner of the new or higher building, or to permit, at the
election of the owner of the new or higher building, the making of
such alteration by the owner of said new or higher building.
Every fixture trap shall be protected against
siphonage and back pressure and air circulation assured by means of
a soil or waste stack vent, a continuous waste or soil vent or a loop
or circuit vent. No crown vent shall be installed.
No trap shall be placed more than five feet,
horizontal developed length, from its vent. The distance shall be
measured along the central line of the waste or soil pipe from vent
opening. The vent opening from the vertical inlet of the trap to the
soil or waste pipe, except for water closets and similar fixtures,
shall not be below the dip of the trap.
All main vents or vent stacks shall connect
full size at their base to the main soil or waste pipe at or below
the lowest fixture branch and shall extend undiminished in size above
the roof or shall be reconnected with the main soil or waste vent
at least three feet above the highest fixture branch.
The required size of main vent or vent stack
shall be determined on the basis of the size of the soil or waste
stack, the number of fixtures or fixture units connected to the soil
or waste stack and the developed length of the main vent or vent stack,
in accordance with the following tables:
|
Waste Stack Vent
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diameter of Stack
(inches)
|
Fixture Units on Stack
|
Maximum Diameter
(inches)
|
Length
(feet)
| |
|
1 1/4
|
1
|
1 1/4
|
45
| |
|
1 1/2
|
2 - 8
|
1 1/4
|
35
| |
|
1 1/2
|
2 - 8
|
1 1/2
|
50
| |
|
2
|
9 - 18
|
1 1/4
|
30
| |
|
2
|
9 - 18
|
1 1/2
|
60
| |
|
2
|
9 - 18
|
2
|
75
| |
|
2 1/2
|
19 - 36
|
1 1/4
|
25
| |
|
2 1/2
|
19 - 36
|
1 1/2
|
45
| |
|
2 1/2
|
19 - 36
|
2
|
60
| |
|
2 1/2
|
19 - 36
|
2 1/2
|
105
|
|
Soil or Waste Stack
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diameter of Stack
(inches)
|
Vent Fixture Unitson Stack
|
Water Closets Only
|
Maximum Diameter
(inches)
|
Length
(feet)
|
|
3
|
6 - 18
|
1 - 3
|
1 1/2
|
20
|
|
3
|
6 - 18
|
1 - 3
|
2
|
60
|
|
3
|
19 - 42
|
4 - 7
|
2
|
45
|
|
3
|
19 - 42
|
4 - 7
|
2 1/2
|
*150
|
|
3
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
2
|
30
|
|
3
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
2 1/2
|
90
|
|
3
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
3
|
150
|
|
4
|
24 - 42
|
4 - 7
|
2
|
20
|
|
4
|
24 - 42
|
4 - 7
|
2 1/2
|
45
|
|
4
|
24 - 42
|
4 - 7
|
3
|
100
|
|
4
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
2 1/2
|
30
|
|
4
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
3
|
75
|
|
4
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
3 1/2
|
150
|
|
4
|
43 - 72
|
8 - 12
|
4
|
300
|
|
4
|
73 - 150
|
13 - 25
|
3
|
60
|
|
4
|
73 - 150
|
13 - 25
|
3 1/2
|
120
|
|
4
|
73 - 150
|
13 - 25
|
4
|
225
|
|
4
|
151 - 300
|
26 - 50
|
3
|
20
|
|
4
|
151 - 300
|
26 - 50
|
3 1/2
|
50
|
|
4
|
151 - 300
|
26 - 50
|
4
|
100
|
|
4
|
151 - 300
|
26 - 50
|
5
|
*225
|
|
5
|
301 - 480
|
51 - 80
|
2 1/2
|
20
|
|
5
|
301 - 480
|
51 - 80
|
3
|
50
|
|
5
|
301 - 480
|
51 - 80
|
3 1/2
|
100
|
|
5
|
301 - 480
|
51 - 80
|
4
|
175
|
|
5
|
301 - 480
|
51 - 80
|
5
|
*300
|
|
5
|
481 - 720
|
81 - 120
|
3 1/2
|
25
|
|
5
|
481 - 720
|
81 - 120
|
4
|
50
|
|
5
|
481 - 720
|
81 - 120
|
5
|
100
|
|
5
|
481 - 720
|
81 - 120
|
6
|
175
|
|
6
|
721 - 840
|
121 - 140
|
3
|
20
|
|
6
|
721 - 840
|
121 - 140
|
3 1/2
|
40
|
|
6
|
721 - 840
|
121 - 140
|
4
|
75
|
|
6
|
721 - 840
|
121 - 140
|
5
|
225
|
|
6
|
721 - 840
|
121 - 140
|
6
|
*400
|
|
6
|
841 - 1,080
|
141 - 180
|
4
|
50
|
|
6
|
841 - 1,080
|
141 - 180
|
5
|
125
|
|
6
|
841 - 1,080
|
141 - 180
|
6
|
300
|
|
6
|
841 - 1,080
|
141 - 180
|
8
|
*400
|
|
8
|
1,080 - 1,920
|
181 - 320
|
4
|
20
|
|
8
|
1,081 - 1,920
|
181 - 320
|
5
|
60
|
|
8
|
1,081 - 1,920
|
181 - 320
|
6
|
150
|
|
8
|
1,081 - 1,920
|
181 - 320
|
8
|
*600
|
|
*Limit in height of soil stack but not in length
of vent if greater is required.
| ||||
No vents shall be less than 1 1/2 inches
in diameter. For 1 1/2 inches in diameter, the vent shall be
of the same diameter as the waste pipe, and in no case shall a branch
or main vent have a diameter less than 1/2 that of the soil or waste
pipe served, and in no case shall the length of a branch vent of given
diameter exceed the maximum length permitted for the main vent serving
the same size soil or vent stack.
All vent and branch vent pipes shall be free
from drops or sags and be so graded and connected as to drip back
to the soil or waste pipe by gravity. Where vent pipes connect to
a horizontal soil or waste pipe, the vent branch shall be taken off
above the center line of the pipe, and the vent pipe must rise vertically
or at an angle of 45º to the vertical to a point six inches above
the fixture it is venting before offsetting horizontally or connecting
to the branch, main, waste or soil vent.
A circuit or loop vent will be permitted as
follows: A branch soil or waste pipe to which two and not more than
eight water closets, pedestal urinals, trap standard slop sinks or
shower stalls are connected in the series may be vented by a circuit
or loop vent, which shall be taken off in front of the last fixture
connection. Where fixtures discharge above such branch, each branch
shall be provided with a relief vent 1/2 the diameter of the soil
or waste stack, taken off in front of the first fixture connection.
Where bathrooms or water closets or other fixtures
are located on opposite sides of a wall or partition or directly adjacent
to each other within the prescribed distance, such fixtures may have
a common soil or waste pipe and common vent.
