A.
The purpose of these requirements is to assemble the
minimum parking area requirements into one publication which is easy
to administer. The requirements include the minimum number of spaces,
size and layout of parking areas, handicap parking and landscaping.
B.
Compliance with these standards and specifications
meets the minimum requirements of this chapter. Compliance will also
fulfill the requirements of § 346.503, Wis. Stats., with
respect to parking spaces for vehicles displaying special registration
plates or special identification cards.
D.
These standards shall apply and be enforced under
the following conditions:
(2)
The landscape standards shall be applied to existing
parking lots for four or more vehicles serving a rebuilt or renovated
building or building undergoing an addition that will increase the
estimated market value of the building and/or the gross floor area
of the building by more than 50%.[3]
(3)
Additions to existing parking lots shall be governed
by the following:
(a)
If an existing parking lot is increased in gross
area (paved) by 50% or more, the entire parking lot shall comply with
the requirements contained herein.
(b)
If an existing parking lot is increased in gross
area (paved) by less than 50%, only that portion of the parking lot
that is added shall be required to conform to the requirements herein.
The following items must be indicated, located
and dimensioned on plans for parking areas for four or more spaces
before building permits will be issued. All plans shall be scaled
drawings at one inch equals 20 feet or larger. The applicant shall
provide three duplicates of all plan sets.
A.
Property lines, existing and proposed structures,
parking surfaces, and existing and proposed vegetation. Landscape
elements and trees should be drawn to the scale equal to their growth
within five years of construction.
B.
Width of abutting rights-of-way, streets and terraces.
C.
Location of driveway approaches, existing, proposed
and adjoining.
D.
Proposed driveway radii.
E.
Type of surface: driveway approach, driveway, and
parking lot.
F.
Proposed routing of motor vehicles entering and leaving.
G.
Proposed treatment of right-of-way area adjacent to
or between approaches.
H.
Rate of slope or grade of approaches and driveways.
I.
Utility poles, fire hydrants, trees or other structures
to be moved.
J.
Means of separation between parking lot and sidewalk.
K.
Number, arrangement and size of parking stalls.
L.
Proposed parking facility lighting, including location,
pole height, type of luminaire and manufacturer's specifications.
M.
Indicate elevation of existing site to Village datum.
Elevations are to be spotted at intervals of 25 feet or one-foot contours.
N.
Location, elevation and size of available storm sewers.
If no storm sewers are available, the owner is to include the elevations
of the top of curb.
O.
If the street is unimproved, the plot plan is to indicate
the location and elevation of the drainage ditches abutting the site
and proposed street center-line elevation.
P.
Proposed method of drainage, including the following:
Accessory off-street parking spaces shall be
provided as set forth in the following standards.
B.
Commercial uses.
(1)
The following commercial uses shall provide one parking
space for each 300 square feet of gross floor area:
(2)
Restaurants shall provide at least one parking space
for each three seats based on capacity design or, where there is no
design layout, one space for each 35 square feet of gross floor area.
C.
Community facilities and institutional uses.
(1)
Libraries, art galleries and museums shall provide
one space for each 800 square feet of gross floor area.
(2)
Churches, synagogues, or other religious meeting places
shall provide one parking space for each five seats in the main sanctuary
or meeting area. Where seats are not fixed, each seven square feet
of gross area usable for seating in the main meeting area shall be
considered equivalent to one seat.
(3)
Places of assembly, recreation, entertainment and amusement, including but not limited to bowling alleys, swimming pools, skating rinks, gymnasiums, racquetball and tennis clubs, and community centers, shall provide parking spaces equivalent to 100% of the maximum capacity of the facility as determined by the State Building Code. Adjustments may be granted under the provisions of § 225-74, Adjustments to parking requirements, of this article where the applicant can demonstrate that a lesser number of spaces would meet the needs of the facility.
(4)
Standards and specifications contained in § 225-74, Adjustments to parking regulations, provide that adjustments in the minimum number of spaces may be authorized by the Building Board where the applicant can document shared facility arrangements with neighboring uses or where there are documented shared-ride or carpooling programs.
A.
Size of parking spaces. Standard size for parking
stalls shall be 9.0 feet by 18.0 feet.
B.
Layout of parking areas. The layout and dimension
of parking areas shall conform to the parking design standards as
shown on Figure 1 of Appendix I.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix I is included at the end of this chapter.
A.
Surfacing. All open off-street parking areas for vehicles
shall be improved with a hard surface of bituminous or Portland cement
concrete pavement, paving brick, or other impervious material. Gravel-surfaced
parking areas or parking access drives are not acceptable surfaces.
All parking area surfaces must be maintained in good condition capable
of holding striping.
B.
Drainage. All parking areas for four or more vehicles
shall be graded according to a drainage plan designed and installed
in accordance with accepted engineering practice, which may include
catch basins, sumps and underground storm sewers. All drainage plans
shall be reviewed and approved by the Village.
C.
Striping. All parking stalls on parking areas for
four or more vehicles shall be clearly striped with white or yellow
stripes a minimum of three inches wide. Such striping shall delineate
parking stall dimensions consistent with the stall number and size
requirements of the Village of Maple Bluff.
D.
Lighting. Illumination of off-street parking areas
shall be established and directed so as not to be cast directly upon
public rights-of-way, occupied structures, or neighboring properties
or to be illuminated in intensity, color, or character in a manner
that is likely to be seriously disturbing to neighboring properties.
Lights for illuminating parking and loading areas shall not have an
intensity at the property line of more than three footcandles.
A.
Number of spaces.
(1)
The owner or lessee of any public accomodation or
place of employment required to provide more than 25 spaces shall
reserve parking spaces for motor vehicles used by physically disabled
persons as follows:[1]
(2)
The owner or lessee of a parking facility which is
ancillary to a residential building and restricted wholly or in part
to use by tenants of the building shall, at the request of a physically
disabled tenant, reserve a parking space in the facility for use by
a motor vehicle used by the physically disabled tenant.
B.
Stall size and location. Handicapped stalls shall
be at least 12 feet wide and located as close as possible to an entrance
which allows a physically disabled person to enter and leave the principal
building or use area.
C.
Handicapped parking signs. All required handicapped
parking spaces shall be posted with signs as follows:
(1)
Handicapped parking signs shall consist of a white
rectangle with longer dimension vertical, having green message, a
green arrow, if required under this section, and a blue and white
international symbol for the barrier-free environments. The sign may
be reflective or nonreflective.
(2)
The sign shall include the words "reserved parking"
and the words "vehicles with VET or DIS plates or state disabled card"
or other words with similar meaning.
(3)
The size of the sign shall be not less than 12 inches
by 18 inches.
(4)
A right arrow, left arrow or words "this stall" or
similar wording shall be included near the bottom of the sign.
(5)
Each sign shall be erected on an adequate support.
The vertical distance from the parking lot surface to the bottom of
a sign shall be not less than four feet. A single sign with the message
"this space" or similar wording shall be used to designate a single
reserved space. At least two signs are required for multiple reserved
spaces. When two signs are used, they shall be located at the outermost
limits of the spaces reserved and, by arrow, designate the location
of the reserved spaces. A sign shall be located at the end of an angled
or right-angled space and shall be set to face a motorist entering
the space.
All open off-street parking areas for four or
more vehicles will require landscaping. The standards herein are designated
to provide flexibility in meeting the landscape requirement. Applicants
can establish a landscape design which most effectively achieves the
desired aesthetic result and is consistent with the need of providing
readily accessible and visible parking. (See Figures 2 and 3 of Appendix
I.[1])
A.
Landscaping objectives.
(1)
The objectives of the landscape standards are to recognize
both the functional importance of parking areas and the public benefits
associated with well-designed landscaped areas which enhance the visual
environment, promote public safety, moderate the microclimate and
reduce nuisances, such as noise and glare.
(2)
The overall intent of the landscape standards is to
soften the visual and other sensory impacts. This can be achieved
through the use of large canopy trees and well-designed clustered
plantings as opposed to the requirement of screening the entire perimeter
with a hedge or fence.
B.
Minimum canopy tree and parking space requirements.
(1)
All off-street vehicular parking areas with more than
six vehicles shall provide and maintain one canopy-type tree for each
12 parking spaces, or fraction thereof, over the initial six spaces.
Canopy trees shall be located in tree islands or within 10 feet of
the periphery of the parking area surface. The preservation of desirable
existing trees is encouraged. Existing mature trees which are a minimum
of two inches to 2 1/2 inches in caliper and are within the distance
requirements may be applied toward the canopy standard. All newly
planted canopy trees must also have a minimum caliper of two inches
to 2 1/2 inches.
(2)
Parking spaces must be broken by a tree island at
the rate of one tree island for each linear row of 12 parking spaces,
for single-row configurations, or for each 24 parking spaces in double-row
configurations.
|
Schedule for Canopy Tree Standards
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Stalls
|
Trees Required
| |
|
1 to 6
|
0
| |
|
7 to 18
|
1
| |
|
19 to 30
|
2
| |
|
31 to 42
|
3
| |
|
43 to 54
|
4
| |
|
55 to 66
|
5
| |
|
67 to 78
|
6
| |
|
79 to 90
|
7
| |
|
91 to 102
|
8
| |
|
103 to 114
|
9
| |
|
Over 114
|
9 plus 1 for each 12 spaces or fraction thereof
| |
C.
Screening standards for parking areas adjacent to
residentially zoned parcels.
(1)
In the following situations there shall be a screening
barrier for the purpose of obstructing light beams and muffling noise:
(a)
Where an off-street parking area for four or
more vehicles abuts within 25 feet of an adjoining lot line in any
residential zoning district ("A" or "B").
(b)
Where an off-street parking area for four or
more vehicles is located in a manner where nearby residentially zoned
properties would be affected by headlight glare (i.e., directly across
a public right-of-way).
(2)
The effective height of the barrier shall be a minimum
of three feet above the surface of the parking area. Such a barrier
may consist of wood or masonry fencing, walls, berming, or the use
of plant material. Where plant materials are used for screening, they
shall be of suitable size and density to accomplish the screening
objective within three years from the time of planting.
D.
Minimum landscape element standards. In addition to
the requirements for canopy trees and residential screening, all parking
areas shall be required to accumulate a minimum number of points.
The number of points required is based on the number of parking spaces.
Parking areas for four or more vehicles are required to accumulate
15 points for each space. To qualify for points, the landscape elements
must be located in a manner which primarily meets the objectives of
landscaping parking areas. The criteria used to determine which landscape
elements qualify are perimeters adjacent to public rights-of-way,
interior areas and immediate perimeters to the parking area, and perimeter
of lots adjacent to other property. Landscaping which primarily serves
the aesthetic enhancement of the building and related open areas will
not qualify for the accumulation of points. Points are tabulated in
the following manner:
|
Point Schedule for Landscape Elements
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Landscape Element
|
Minimum Planted Size
|
Points
| |
|
Canopy trees
|
2 to 2 1/2 inches or 1 1/2 to 2 inches for multistem
trees
|
50
| |
|
Canopy trees
|
1 1/2 to 2 inches or 8 to 10 feet
|
30
| |
|
Evergreen trees
|
4 feet
|
30
| |
|
Low ornamental trees
|
5 feet and BB stock
|
20
| |
|
Tall shrubs
|
2 1/2 to 4 feet
|
9
| |
|
Medium shrubs
|
17 to 36 inches
|
6
| |
|
Low shrubs
|
15 to 24 inches
|
3
| |
|
Walls, decorative fences, earth berms, ground
covers and shrubs with a mature height of less than 2 feet
|
No fixed points
| ||
|
Notes:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
a.
|
Trees used to meet the canopy standard and landscape
materials used to meet the screening of abutting and residentially
zoned property may not be applied toward the minimum landscape element
standards.
| |
|
b.
|
To qualify for the points indicated, trees and
shrubs shall be of good nursery stock and not less than the minimum
required planting size.
| |
|
c.
|
The following publication will be used to determine
which plants are low ornamental trees and tall/medium/low shrubs:
A Guide to Selecting Landscape Plants for Wisconsin, E.R. Haselkus,
UW-Extension Publication A2865.
| |
|
d.
|
The planting plan list shall include the size
of the material to be planted. All landscape plants shall be delineated
on the landscape plan and include the crown width the plant will achieve
five years after plan implementation.
| |
|
e.
|
The application may request points for decorative
fences, earth berms, ground covers, existing vegetation and shrubs
of the mature height of not less than two feet. It must be demonstrated
by the applicant that these landscape elements will contribute to
the overall landscape objectives. The number of points credited will
be negotiated with the Village Administrator or his/her designee and
subject to review by the Building Board.
| |
E.
Minimum dimensions for tree islands and planted areas.
F.
Unsuitable species. Several shrubs and trees, which
are not native to Wisconsin, have an established history of spreading
to nearby parks and conservancy areas. These non-native plants tend
to become overly abundant and ultimately eliminate many desirable
native species. The control and eradication of these unsuitable plants
create a costly management problem. The following species of plant
material are unsuitable for use as landscape plants:
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix I is included at the end of this chapter.
A.
Adjustments in the minimum number of spaces may be
authorized by the Building Board where the applicant can document
shared facilities arrangements with neighboring uses or where there
are documented shared-ride or carpooling programs. The documentation
for the joint use of shared parking facilities must be in the form
of an easement or contract between property owners specifying the
number of shared parking spaces and the terms and conditions of the
joint usage of parking areas and access.
B.
The Building Board may authorize stalls sized for
smaller vehicles (eight feet by 16 feet) where the number of stalls
being provided exceeds the minimum number required and where all of
the minimum required stalls are full sized (nine feet by 18 feet).
C.
The Building Board may authorize adjustments to the
requirements where literal compliance with the specifications and
standards would make the parking lot landscaping ineffective or unnecessary.
Topographic constraints, existing vegetation, traffic safety, or compliance
with fire or other public safety requirements may necessitate adjustments.
The applicant should be prepared to respond to the following criteria
in requesting an adjustment:
(1)
The specific conditions which are unique to the applicant's
land and do not exist on other land.
(2)
The manner in which the strict application of the
standards would deprive the applicant of a reasonable use of the land
in the manner equivalent to the use permitted other landowners.
(3)
Reasons that an adjustment to the standard would preserve,
not harm, the public safety and welfare and will not alter the essential
character of the area.
