This article shall be known as "Housing Standards Applicable to Mobile
Homes."
The purpose of this article is to provide basic and uniform standards,
in terms of performance objectives implemented by specific requirements, governing
the construction, occupancy and maintenance of mobile homes and establishing
reasonable safeguards for the safety, health and welfare of the occupants
and users thereof.
This article shall apply to mobile homes used or intended to be used
for year-round dwelling accommodations in fixed locations.
A.
The provisions of this article shall supersede local
laws, ordinances, codes or regulations to the extent that such laws, ordinances,
codes or regulations are inconsistent with the provisions of this article,
provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the adoption
and enforcement of a law, ordinance or regulation which is more restrictive
or establishes a higher standard than those provided in this article, and
such more restrictive requirement or higher standard shall govern during the
period in which it is in effect.
B.
In a case where a provision of this article is found
to be in conflict with a provision of a zoning, building, electrical, plumbing,
fire, safety, health, water supply or sewage disposal law or ordinance, or
regulation adopted pursuant thereto, or other local law, ordinance, code or
regulation, the provision or requirement which is the more restrictive or
which establishes the higher standard shall prevail.
Installations, alterations and repairs to mobile homes, and materials,
assemblies and equipment utilized in connection therewith, shall be reasonably
safe to persons and property and shall comply with applicable statutes of
the State of New York and orders, rules and regulations issued by authority
thereof.
For the purpose of this article, the terms used herein are defined as
follows:
A structure, the use of which is incidental to that of the mobile
home and which is attached thereto or located on the same mobile home lot.
"Accessory structures" include, but are not limited to, portable, demountable
or permanent enclosures, shade structures and carports.
Approved by the administrative officer under the regulations of this
chapter, or approved by an authority designated by law or this chapter.
An area or space within a mobile home court, including fences, walls
and other minor constructions, which is designed for joint use of occupants
or restricted to nonresidential use.
A structure within a mobile home court providing laundry, toilet,
recreation, parking or other common facilities, including management office
and storage buildings.
A specification, code, rule, guide or procedure in the field of construction
of mobile homes or mobile home courts or related thereto, recognized and accepted
as authoritative.
Space used for living, sleeping, eating or cooking purposes, excluding
kitchenettes, bathrooms, toilet rooms, storage spaces and enclosures for equipment
installations.
Mobile home electrical, plumbing, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning
systems and equipment used for living purposes, including cooking and refrigeration
equipment.
A movable living unit equipped with a chassis and provided with the
following mechanical systems and equipment: plumbing, heating, electrical,
cooking and refrigeration. (See definition of "trailer.")
A parcel of land which has been planned and improved for the placement
of two or more mobile homes.
A designated site within a mobile home court for the exclusive use
of the occupants of a single mobile home.
That part of an individual mobile home lot which has been reserved
for the placement of the mobile home.
A paved outdoor living space designed to supplement the mobile home
living area.
An enclosed space designed to provide auxiliary general storage space
for an individual mobile home.
A movable living unit equipped with a chassis but lacking any of
the following mechanical systems and equipment: plumbing, heating, electrical,
cooking and refrigeration. (See definition of "mobile home.")
A.
Mobile home design and construction shall conform to
generally accepted standards of the mobile home industry.
B.
Materials, assemblies and equipment shall conform to
generally accepted standards with respect to strength, durability, corrosion
and fire resistance and other qualities recognized under such standards.
C.
Habitable and nonhabitable space shall be arranged, located,
lighted and ventilated so as to be appropriate for the intended use.
D.
Mechanical systems and equipment shall be designed, installed
and located so that under normal conditions of use such systems and equipment
shall be capable of functioning safely and efficiently without being forced
to operate beyond the designed capacity.
E.
Equipment requiring operation, inspection or maintenance
shall be located so that easy access to it is provided.
F.
Plumbing, heating and electrical systems shall be properly
connected to approved sources of supply when a mobile home is in a fixed location
and occupied for living purposes.
G.
Mobile home units, including mechanical systems and equipment,
shall be maintained and operated so as to be free of conditions conducive
to personal injury or detrimental to health or welfare.
Mobile homes shall be structurally sound, effectively insulated and
capable of sustaining designed dynamic loading.
A.
Body and body framing.
(1)
Body frames shall be designed and constructed as complete
units. Wall and floor surfaces shall be firmly attached to body framing members.
Doors and windows shall be securely framed in place. Framing and exterior
skin shall be surface-treated or painted to prevent deterioration.
(2)
Roofs shall be pitched for proper drainage and shall
be weathertight. Roof decks shall be of metal or noncombustible materials.
(3)
Wood body framing shall be of seasoned lumber and shall
provide adequate support and rigidity. Members shall be joined so as to ensure
permanent attachment to each other.
(4)
Metal body framing shall be of structural formed sections,
riveted, bolted or welded together. Where different metals are joined, precaution
shall be taken to prevent electrolytic action.
(5)
Insulation of floors, roof and exterior walls shall consist
of noncombustible materials.
(6)
Ventilation shall be provided to minimize deterioration
of structural members from condensation or other causes.
B.
Chassis.
(1)
Chassis shall extend substantially the length of the
body and shall be capable of supporting the live and dead loads to which subjected.
(2)
Tongue or drawbar shall be secured to the chassis and
shall be capable of supporting the weight of the forward end of the mobile
home. If designed to support gas cylinders, the tongue shall be of sufficient
strength and shall permit secure attachment.
(3)
The hitch shall be securely attached to the tongue so
as to become an integral part of the tongue.
(4)
Axles, spring assemblies and wheels shall be capable
of supporting the calculated loads.
C.
Placement. Placement of a mobile home on a mobile stand
by jacks or supports shall be such as to ensure the retention of the mobile
home in a fixed position.
A.
Maximum occupancy. The maximum number of occupants of
a mobile home shall be limited to the number determined on the basis of the
square feet of floor area of habitable space, exclusive of habitable space
used for cooking purposes, in accordance with the following:
B.
Height of habitable space. Habitable space shall have
a minimum ceiling height of seven feet over 50% of the floor area; and the
floor area where the ceiling height is less than five feet shall not be considered
in computing gross floor area.
C.
Bathrooms and toilet rooms. Bathrooms and toilet rooms
shall have provisions for privacy and shall be provided with floors of moisture-resistant
material.
D.
Prohibited uses. Bathrooms, toilet rooms, kitchens and
kitchenettes shall not be used for sleeping purposes.
E.
Exits. A mobile home shall have a safe and unobstructed
primary exit and an emergency exit located remote from the primary exit.
A.
Habitable space. A mobile home shall be provided with
natural light and ventilation adequate for the intended use of each habitable
space, in accordance with the following:
(1)
Window area shall equal at least 10% of the floor area
of each habitable space.
(2)
Openable area of windows and other openings used for natural ventilation of each habitable space shall equal at least 45% of the required window area, or mechanical ventilation shall be provided as set forth in § 140-47B(16).
B.
Nonhabitable space. A mobile home shall be provided with
light and ventilation adequate for the intended use of nonhabitable space,
in accordance with the following:
(1)
Kitchenettes, bathrooms and toilet rooms shall be provided
with light of sufficient intensity and so distributed as to permit the maintenance
of sanitary conditions and the safe use of the space and the appliances, equipment
and fixtures.
(2)
Kitchenettes, bathrooms and toilet rooms shall be provided with natural ventilation consisting of openable areas of not less than 1 1/2 square feet for bathrooms and toilet rooms and not less than three square feet for kitchenettes, or mechanical ventilation shall be provided as set forth in § 140-47B(16).
A.
Plumbing.
(2)
Hot and cold water supply shall be provided at the kitchen
sink, bathtub or shower and lavatory. Cold water shall be supplied to the
water closet.
(3)
The plumbing system shall be designed and arranged so
as to facilitate connecting to approved exterior water supply and sewage disposal
systems, provide adequate water supply to all plumbing fixtures and dispose
of all liquid wastes therefrom.
B.
Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning.
(2)
Areas allocated for installation of space heating and
water heating equipment shall provide adequate clearance so that the surface
of adjacent combustible materials will not exceed a safe temperature. Curtains
and draperies shall not be used in such areas.
(3)
Space and water heating units shall be of an approved
type for installation in a mobile home. Fuel-burning water heaters and furnaces,
other than those having a sealed combustion space, shall not be located in
sleeping rooms, bathrooms and toilet rooms.
(4)
Space heating units shall have sufficient capacity to
maintain a minimum inside temperature of 70º F., based on the average
of the recorded annual minimum outside temperatures for the locality, and
shall be provided with manual or automatic temperature control devices.
(5)
Water heating units shall have sufficient capacity to
deliver at each hot water outlet an ample supply of water at a minimum temperature
range of 130º F. to 140º F., and such units shall be provided with
safety devices arranged to relieve hazardous pressures and excessive temperatures.
(6)
Electrical space and water heating equipment shall be
of an approved type and shall have adequate circuit protection devices.
(7)
Gas and liquid fuel-burning equipment shall be specifically
designed for the type of fuel used. Flues and vents shall be suitable for
the type of fuel used and shall be installed so that the surface of adjacent
combustible material will not exceed a safe temperature.
(8)
Automatically operated heat-producing equipment using
utility gas shall have a valve that will automatically shut off the flow of
gas to the main burner when the pilot flame is extinguished.
(9)
Automatically operated heat-producing equipment using
liquefied petroleum gas shall have a valve that will automatically shut off
the flow of gas to the pilot light and main burner when the pilot flame is
extinguished.
(10)
Fuel-burning space and water heating units shall be vented.
Other fuel-burning equipment shall be vented where the discharge of products
of combustion into the space where the equipment is installed would be unsafe.
(11)
Liquid fuel-burning equipment shall be vented and shall
be provided with means to prevent spilling of fuel.
(12)
Fuel storage containers and gas cylinders shall be mounted
outside the mobile home or in a space that is vented to the outside and is
vaportight to the inside.
(13)
Warm air supply ducts and fittings shall be of noncombustible
material.
(14)
Return air ducts shall be of noncombustible material
where exposed to temperatures which are unsafe for combustible materials.
(15)
Return air grilles indoors and partitions shall be of
a permanent, nonclosable type. Openings for return air shall not be located
in bathrooms, toilet rooms or kitchenettes.
C.
Electrical.
(1)
A mobile home shall contain an electrical wiring system
and service equipment.
(2)
Electrical wiring shall have adequate capacity for designed
lighting and appliance equipment. Individual circuits shall contain overload
protection devices.
(3)
At least one receptacle outlet shall be provided for
each multiple of 12 linear feet of wall space or major fraction thereof in
each habitable space and kitchenette. Bathrooms and toilet rooms shall have
permanently installed lighting fixtures and switches located so as not to
be an electrical hazard.
(4)
Exterior equipment shall be weatherproofed to ensure
protection of equipment from the elements. Service equipment shall have means
for quick disconnection from the source of supply.
(5)
Provision shall be made for grounding non-current-carrying
metallic parts of the electrical system. Such grounding shall be common to
one external supply point. Provision shall be made for exterior source grounding
of electrical system.
D.
Cooking and refrigeration.
(2)
Electrical cooking and refrigeration equipment shall
be of an approved type for installation in a mobile home and shall have adequate
circuit protection devices.
(3)
Gas-burning cooking and refrigeration equipment shall
be of an approved type for mobile home installation, and connections to rigid
pipe shall be made with approved flexible-metal gas-appliance connectors.
(4)
Fuel storage shall conform to the requirements of fuel
storage for heating.
A mobile home shall be maintained in a safe and sanitary condition.
A.
Interior. Floors, walls, ceilings, furnishings and fixtures
shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Exits shall be maintained
free of obstructions.
B.
Garbage and refuse. Suitable containers shall be provided
for the temporary storage of garbage and refuse within the mobile home.
C.
Screening. From May 1 to October 1, entrances to the
mobile home shall be provided with screens, and windows and other openings
used for ventilation shall be appropriately screened.
D.
Extermination. Mobile homes shall be maintained free
of insects, vermin and rodents. Extermination shall be effected in conformance
with generally accepted practice.
E.
Flammable materials. Flammable cleaning liquids and other
flammable materials shall be stored in a safe, approved manner.