[Adopted 7-10-1951; as amended through July 1962]
The following minimum road specifications shall apply to all roads proposed to be dedicated to the Town of North Salem:
A. 
Approval of a road in accordance with these specifications in no way obligates the Town of North Salem to accept such road as a public road.
B. 
No highway, road or street within the Town of North Salem, hereafter constructed or improved, will be accepted by the Town Board of the Town of North Salem as a Town highway or for maintenance with the Town funds until six months have elapsed since the completion thereof as certified by the Superintendent of Highways and unless the construction is in accordance with the following standards and specifications and also, at the time of dedication, is in a state of repair acceptable to the Town Board.
C. 
No new highway, road or street in the Town of North Salem shall be constructed until the plat and improvement plans for the highways, roads or streets, including necessary drainage systems, have been completed and approved by the Planning Board and the Superintendent of Highways.
A. 
The right-of-way for all highways, roads or streets shall be a minimum of 50 feet in width at all points unless otherwise directed by the Planning Board.
B. 
Culs-de-sac shall have a minimum diameter of 100 feet unless otherwise directed by the Planning Board.
C. 
Culs-de-sac shall have a fully paved turnaround in accordance with these specifications. The minimum radius of the paved turnaround shall be 40 feet.
A. 
The paved section of any highway, road or street shall be not less than 20 feet in width at all points unless otherwise directed by the Planning Board.
B. 
All highways, roads and streets shall be centered in the right-of-way.
All trees shall be cleared to a minimum distance of eight feet on each side of the proposed roadway (a total of 36 feet for a twenty-foot road), and all brush shall be cleared throughout the required right-of-way. On curves, an additional amount shall be cleared wherever necessary to maintain a minimum visibility of 150 feet at the paving edge along the inside of the curve. At street intersections, all obstructions to vision shall be cleared from a triangle bounded by the street lines and a line connecting the points along such street or right-of-way lines located 20 feet from their intersection. The Planning Board may waive the clearing of certain trees within the right-of-way.
A. 
All topsoil shall be stripped from the bed of the proposed paved section wherever paving shall be required, as well as from all surfaces as may be required by the Superintendent of Highways. All stumps, loose stones, debris and bushes shall be removed from the fifty-foot right-of-way to a depth of two feet below the finished grade.
B. 
Grades shall not exceed 12% or, in exceptional cases, 16% as a maximum. The minimum grade shall not be less than 1%. Embankments and excavation slopes shall be one foot vertical to two feet horizontal.
C. 
The subgrade shall be prepared by excavating and/or filling, removing unstable materials and replacing them with a foundation course, as required by the Superintendent of Highways, and thoroughly compacted.
Highways, roads or streets shall be paved to the width prescribed by the Planning Board as follows:
A. 
Foundation course. The foundation course for pavement shall consist of a layer of crushed stone with a compacted finished thickness of not less than six inches, stabilized with asphalt or screenings. See specifications for pavement base.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Detail No. 3, Typical Section Road Paving, is located at the end of this chapter.
B. 
Top or wearing course; asphalt concrete.
(1) 
Road oil or an approved equal shall be spread at the rate of 3/4 gallon per square yard on the foundation course.
(2) 
Surface voids shall be filled by applying and rolling in sufficient intermediate aggregate.
(3) 
A two-course asphaltic concrete/hot plant mixture with a compacted thickness of not less than 2 1/4 inches shall be placed upon the prepared foundation course.
(4) 
See specifications for asphalt concrete.[2]
[2]
Editor's Note: Detail No. 3, Typical Section Road Paving, is located at the end of this chapter.
Shoulders shall be of compacted gravel or crushed stone not less than three feet in width or as may be required by the Planning Board. Shoulders shall have a slope of one inch per foot.
A. 
A complete system of surface drainage shall be installed to dispose of stormwater. When discharge of stormwater shall be into, upon or through private property, proper easements shall convey the perpetual right to discharge stormwater runoff from the highway and from the surrounding area onto and over the affected premises by means of pipes, culverts or ditches, or a combination thereof, together with the right to enter said premises for purposes of making such installations and doing such maintenance work as the Town may deem necessary to adequately drain the highway and the surrounding area. Where a drainage easement discharges onto or terminates at the property of a third party, the consent for an easement, properly executed, to channel or discharge stormwater from such third party must be obtained by the owner of the road or street.
B. 
Culvert pipes shall be of approved reinforced concrete or corrugated galvanized metal and not less than 15 inches in diameter. Corrugated metal pipe may be required to be asphalt-coated and/or paved-invert at the direction of the Planning Board or Superintendent of Highways. The interior of all pipe shall be cleaned of all foreign matter before being placed. Pipe shall be installed in straight lines and at a uniform rate of grade between points.
C. 
Gutters shall be a minimum of three feet in width and shall be depressed a minimum of six inches at the center. All gutters shall be of compacted gravel at least four inches in depth and oiled, except all gutters with grades of 4% or over shall be of compacted gravel or crushed stone at least six inches in depth and paved with four inches of asphalt concrete.
D. 
Where subsurface drainage is encountered, intercepting (curtain) drains may be required.
E. 
Headwalls shall be of concrete or stone masonry in mortar at least 18 inches thick, shall have footings below the frost line and shall be set back from the edge of the traveled way as directed. Slope conditions will determine the necessity of wing walls.
A. 
Posts shall be six inches in diameter of locust or approved material, shall be six feet long and shall be set 3 1/2 feet in the ground.
B. 
Guideposts shall be placed as required by the Planning Board, but as a minimum at all culverts and on all fills having a depth of over four feet and shall be spaced, in any event, not more than 10 feet apart, provided that on fills which are dangerous in the opinion of the Town Superintendent of Highways, guideposts shall be spaced not more than six feet apart unless guard cables or rails are installed, in which case the guideposts may be spaced not more than eight feet apart.
All surfaces from the edge of the paving or gutter to the toe or top of the slope shall be finish graded with a minimum of four inches of topsoil and seeded with hardy grass seed in sufficient quantity to produce turf that will stabilize the slope.
Sufficient concrete markers at least four inches square on top and 3 1/2 feet long must be set so that the road right-of-way may be determined on the ground as required by the Planning Board.
A. 
The Town Board and the Superintendent of Highways shall have access to all parts of the work while under construction at all times. No portion of the work which will not be exposed upon final completion shall be covered until reasonable opportunity for inspection after written notice has been given. Approval under these specifications shall be by the Town Board and the Superintendent of Highways.
B. 
It shall be required that a New York State licensed engineer or surveyor certify to the Town Board that the roads have been constructed true to line and grade and that the drainage system has been constructed in accordance with the improvement plans. A reproducible and four prints of the as-built improvement plans for the roads shall be submitted to the Town Board upon completion of the work.
A. 
Crushed stone foundation course for pavements.
(1) 
Description. This item shall consist of a foundation (base course) composed of crushed stone, as specified hereinafter, laid on the properly prepared subgrade to a finished thickness of not less than six inches and shall conform to the lines, grades and typical cross section as shown on the approved drawings. The method of construction shall proceed substantially as follows:
(a) 
All culverts within the road area must be completed and proper drainage provided before any base aggregate is placed upon the subgrade.
(b) 
A layer of coarse aggregate shall then be deposited on the prepared subgrade, rolled and compacted to a thickness of not less than three inches as specified hereinafter.
(c) 
A second layer of coarse aggregate shall then be deposited upon the first layer, rolled and compacted to a thickness of not less than three inches as specified hereinafter.
(d) 
A total thickness of the rolled, compacted and finished base course shall not be less than six inches.
(2) 
Materials. All materials shall be secured from approved sources. The broken stone shall consist of clean, durable, sharp-angled fragments of rock of uniform quality and grading and shall be free from thin or elongated pieces, soft or disintegrated stone, dirt or other objectionable features and shall meet the following gradation requirements:
Aggregate Total Passing
Coarse
(percent by weight)
Chocker Stone
(percent by weight)
2 1/2-inch sieve
100
--
2-inch sieve
90 to 100
--
1 1/2-inch sieve
35 to 70
--
3/4-inch sieve
0 to 15
--
1/2-inch sieve
--
100
3/8-inch sieve
--
90 to 100
No. 200
--
0 to 30
(3) 
Construction methods.
(a) 
Preparation of the subgrade. All boulders, organic material, soft clay, spongy material and any other objectionable material shall be removed and replaced with approved material. The subgrade shall then be properly shaped, rolled and uniformly compacted to the approved cross section and grade.
(b) 
Placing and rolling aggregates. All base course material shall be deposited and spread by means of spreader boxes or approved mechanical equipment or from moving vehicles equipped to distribute the broken stone in a uniform layer. Each layer shall be not less than three inches in thickness after compaction and shall be constructed as follows:
[1] 
Immediately following the spreading of the coarse aggregate, all material placed shall be compacted to the full width by rolling with a smooth three-wheel self-propelled roller weighing approximately 10 tons. Rolling shall start longitudinally at the side and proceed gradually to the center line of the road, uniformly overlapping each preceding track by 1/2 the width of such track, and shall continue until all the surface has been rolled and has been thoroughly keyed, the interstices of the stone have been reduced to a minimum and until it ceases to creep or wave ahead of the roller. At all places not accessible to the roller, the base course material shall be tamped thoroughly with mechanical tampers or with approved hand tampers.
[2] 
If any irregularities or depressions appear during or after rolling, they shall be remedied by loosening the material at these places and by removing or adding coarse aggregate, as may be required, after which the area disturbed shall be rolled until compacted satisfactorily to a smooth and uniform surface.
[3] 
If the subgrade material shall become churned up into or mixed with the base course, such mixture of subgrade material and broken stone shall be removed and replaced with clean aggregate of the proper size and compacted as specified above.
[4] 
This course shall not be laid in excess of 1,000 square yards without being rolled and thoroughly filled as to render it waterproof and thereby prevent the softening of the subgrade.
(c) 
Filling voids with chocker stone.
[1] 
After the coarse aggregate has been thoroughly keyed and set by rolling described above, chocker stone in an amount that will completely fill the interstices shall be applied gradually over the surface, and rolling shall be continued while the fine aggregate is being spread so that the jarring effect of the roller will cause the small stone to settle into the voids of the coarse aggregate.
[2] 
The chocker stone shall not be dumped in piles on the coarse aggregate but shall be spread in thin layers, either by spreading motion of hand shovels, by an approved mechanical device or directly from trucks. In no case shall the chocker stone be applied so fast or thickly as to cake or bridge on the surface in such manner as to prevent the filling of all voids between the coarse aggregate or to prevent the direct bearing of the roller on the coarse aggregate. A gang-drag broom of an approved type or hand brooms shall be used to sweep the chocker stone into the voids of the coarse aggregate and to distribute the stone where needed. Spreading, sweeping and rolling shall continue until no more chocker stone can be forced into the voids. It is the intent to bind the coarse aggregate with chocker stone, but no surplus of fine material will be allowed on the finished surface.
(d) 
Testing the surface. After compaction, the base course surface shall be tested with a straight edge 10 feet in length, paralleling the center line of the roadway, and any depressions exceeding 3/8 inch in depth shall be satisfactorily eliminated.
(e) 
Seasonal limits. No base course material shall be deposited or shaped when the subgrade is frozen or thawing or during unfavorable weather conditions.
(f) 
Protection of base course. After completion of the base course as specified above, no traffic shall be allowed over its surface other than that absolutely necessary to haul material for the surface course.
(g) 
Inspection of the work. The Superintendent of Highways or his representative or the Town Board or its representative shall have access to every part of the work during the time of construction to do all necessary checking, measuring and inspecting that he or it may deem necessary. No work shall be carried out in the absence of such inspector unless specifically otherwise permitted by the Superintendent of Highways. Due notice must be given by the contractor before starting the work.
B. 
Asphalt concrete surface course for pavements.
(1) 
Description.
(a) 
This item shall consist of a two-course bituminous concrete pavement laid to conform to the required grade, thickness and cross section shown on the plans and in accordance with the General Specifications for Bituminous Concrete, Type 1A, as outlined in the State of New York Public Works Specifications dated January 2, 1957.
(b) 
The aggregates to be used in the mix shall be passed through the dryer and heated to a temperature of 225° F. to 275° F. After the aggregates have passed through the dryer, they shall be screened to the proper sizes, and these graded sizes shall be placed in the separate storage bins over the mixer unit.
(c) 
The asphalt cement used in the mix shall be a paving asphalt having a penetration from 90 to 100.
(d) 
All materials used in the mix, including the bituminous material, shall be proportioned as specified for Type 1A in the General Specifications for Bituminous Concrete under the Table Composition of Mixtures as outlined in the State of New York Public Works Specifications dated January 2, 1957.
(2) 
Mixing.
(a) 
The aggregates shall be introduced into the mixer at temperatures between 225° F. and 275° F. and dry mixed for a period of at least 15 seconds before the asphalt cement is added.
(b) 
The asphalt cement shall be introduced into the mixer at temperatures between 225° F. and 300° F. The mixing period after the introduction of the asphalt cement shall be at least 45 seconds or as long as may be necessary to completely and uniformly coat all aggregate particles with the asphalt cement.
(3) 
Construction.
(a) 
Road oil conforming to Item MC-0 as outlined in the State of New York Public Works Specifications dated January 2, 1957, or approved equal shall be applied to the foundation or base course at a rate of 3/4 gallon per square yard. A pressure distributor shall be used to apply the road oil, and it shall be operated so as to distribute the oil in a uniform spray.
(b) 
Surface voids shall be filled by applying and rolling in sufficient intermediate or fine aggregate.
(c) 
A two-course asphalt concrete/hot plant mixture in accordance with the foregoing specifications shall be laid upon the prepared base course to a compacted, finished thickness of not less than 2 1/4 inches.
(d) 
All material shall be secured from approved sources.
(e) 
The Superintendent of Highways or his representative or the Town Board or its representative shall have access to every part of the work during the time of construction to do all necessary checking, measuring and inspecting that he or it may deem necessary. No work shall be carried out in the absence of such inspector unless specifically otherwise permitted by the Superintendent of Highways. Due notice must be given by the contractor before starting the work.