Except as provided in Chapter 209, Signs, of
this Code, the following shall apply in any of the following zoning
districts; to wit: R, R-G-N, R-G, R-C, C, C-M, M-I and M-P Zoning
Districts.
Unless specifically defined below, words or
phrases used in this chapter shall be interpreted so as to give them
the meaning they have in common usage and to give this chapter its
most reasonable application.
AREA LIGHT
A luminaire designed for illumination of a broad area. Area
lights include, but are not limited to, streetlights, parking lot
lights and yard lights over 1,800 lumens.
CANOPY
Any roof or overhang open on the sides and supported by columns,
posts or other supports and used primarily for the protection of persons,
vehicles, electronic or mechanical equipment from direct exposure
to rain, snow or other weather-related conditions.
ESSENTIAL LIGHTING
Light that is used for a specified period of time, which
is necessary for location identification or public circulation purposes.
EXCESSIVE LIGHTING
Brightness levels beyond that which are required for safety,
location or identification and illuminate areas beyond those intended.
EXTERIOR LIGHTING
Temporary or permanent lighting equipment that is installed,
located or used in such a manner as to cause light rays to shine outdoors.
FIXTURE
The bulb and the assembly that holds the bulb (or lamp) in
a lighting system, including reflecting elements, shielding elements,
cover glass or lenses, the ballast, and the housing.
FLOODLIGHT
A lamp or luminaire intended to light a large area and which
can produce light above the luminaire.
FULL CUTOFF (FCO)
A classification for a luminaire designed and installed where
no light is emitted at or above a horizontal plane running through
the lowest point on the luminaire. In addition, the luminous intensity
(as measured in candelas) emitted at any angle from 80° up to
90° cannot exceed a numerical value equal to 10% of the lumen
rating of the lamp, as reported in a photometric report from the manufacturer.
A cutoff or semi-cutoff design allows a restricted amount of light
emitted above the horizontal, and a noncutoff provides no restriction
against light emitted above the horizontal.
FULLY SHIELDED
A luminaire constructed and installed in such a manner that
all light emitted by it, either directly from the lamp or a diffusing
element, or indirectly by reflection or refraction from any part of
the luminaire, is projected below the horizontal. It is the same as
a full cutoff luminaire but without any restrictions on light distribution
below the horizontal plane.
GLARE
The sensation produced by a bright source within the visual
field that is sufficiently brighter than the level to which the eyes
are adapted, which can cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual
performance and visibility. The magnitude of glare depends on such
factors as the size, position, brightness of the source, and on the
brightness level to which the eyes are adapted.
HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM (HPS)
Light produced from an electrical current flowing through
sodium gas within a tube. The light produced is an orange-gold color.
ILLUMINANCE
The density of light falling on any point of a surface, usually
measured in footcandles in the United States.
IESNA-RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
The most current publications of the IESNA setting forth
luminance levels for different task areas, e.g., walkways, streets,
sports lights, etc.
LAMP
The generic term for an artificial light source, to be distinguished
from the whole assembly (see "fixture"); commonly referred to as the
"light bulb."
LANDSCAPE LIGHTING
Lighting aimed into landscaping that accentuates a garden
design concept, pathway or walkway.
LIGHT
The filament; the source of visual radiant energy; the form
of radiant energy acting on the retina of the eye to make sight possible.
LIGHTING ASSEMBLY
Any or all parts of a luminaire that function to produce
light, including the bulb, assembly, ballast, mounting features and/or
pole.
LIGHT POLLUTION
Any adverse effect of man-made light, including but not limited
to glare, light trespass, sky glow, visual clutter, wasted energy
due to excessive or unnecessary lighting, or any man-made light that
unnecessarily diminishes the ability to view the night sky or is disruptive
to flora and fauna.
LIGHT TRESPASS
Light projected onto the property of another or into the
public right-of-way when it is not required, wanted or permitted to
do so.
LOW-PRESSURE SODIUM (LPS)
Light produced from an electrical current flowing through
sodium gas within a tube. The light produced is an orange-gold color;
more light-efficient than high-pressure sodium.
LUMEN
A unit used to measure the actual amount of light that is
produced by a bulb. The lumen quantifies the amount of light energy
produced by a lamp at the lamp, not by the energy input, which is
indicated by the wattage. For example, a seventy-five-watt incandescent
lamp can produce 1,000 lumens, while a seventy-watt high-pressure
sodium lamp produces 6,000 lumens. Lumen output is listed by the manufacturer
on the packaging.
LUMINAIRE
The complete lighting assembly (including the lamp, housing,
ballasts, photocells, reflectors, lenses and shields), less the support
assembly (pole or mounting bracket); a light fixture. For purposes
of determining total light output from a luminaire or light fixture,
lighting assemblies which include multiple unshielded or partially
shielded lamps on a single pole or standard shall be considered as
a single unit.
LUMINANCE
The brightness of a source of light.
MAINTAINED ILLUMINANCE
The light levels that are produced by a lamp and luminaire
after a period of time, taking the normal losses due to lamp aging
and fixture dirt accumulation into account. This can be measured at
any point in time, but is often defined at 40% of lamp life.
MOUNTING HEIGHT
The distance from level ground to the lowest light-emitting
part of the luminaire.
MERCURY VAPOR (MV)
Lamps that are quartz tubes filled with mercury gas under
pressure. Light is produced when an electrical current passes through
the mercury vapor.
METAL HALIDE (MH)
Lamps that produce light when an electrical current flows
through a gas within a lamp envelope; most efficient of the “white
light” sources; twice as efficient as mercury lamps.
NET ACRE
The horizontal acreage of a lot devoted to commercial, residential
or public uses consisting of any 43,560 contiguous square feet or
any total of portions thereof within the same parcel if partitioned
or dissected by existing other property or roads.
PARTIALLY SHIELDED
A luminaire which incorporates a partial shield around the
lamp, concealing the lamp from view only in certain directions.
PHOTOMETRICS
Technical test reports that indicate light distribution and
performance from a luminaire. Photometric reports may include candlepower
distribution data, cutoff classifications, isofootcandle charts, etc.
These are generally available from the luminaire manufacturers.
SKYGLOW
The overhead glow from light emitted sideways and upwards,
including light reflected upward from the ground or other surfaces.
TEMPORARY LIGHTING
Lighting that is intended to be used for a special event
for a specified period.
UPLIGHTING
Lighting that is directed in such a manner as to shine light
above the horizontal plane.
VISUAL CLUTTER
Multiple representations of objects in our visual field which
compete with each other for our brain's limited visual processing
capacity, mutually canceling each other out and suppressing the brain's
responsiveness.
Streetlights shall be full cutoff high-pressure
sodium, low-pressure sodium, metal halide, or fluorescent, unless
otherwise determined that another type is more efficient which meets
the requirements of this chapter. Streetlights along residential streets
shall not exceed seventy-watt high-pressure sodium (hps) light with
a lumen output of 6,400. Streetlights along nonresidential streets
or at intersections shall not exceed 100 watts hps each, with a lumen
output of 9,500, except the lights at major intersections on state
highways shall not exceed 150 watts hps, with a lumen output of 16,000.
If a light type other than high-pressure sodium is permitted, then
the equivalent output in lumens shall be the limit for that light
type.
Temporary outdoor lighting for special events
may be permitted in conjunction with an application for a special
use permit. The applicant must present to the Village Board the following
consideration:
A. The public and/or private benefits that will result
from the temporary lighting.
B. Any potential annoyance or safety problems that might
result from the use of the temporary lighting.
C. The duration of temporary lighting.
D. The power source of the temporary lighting.
No person shall maintain or install any of the
following types of outdoor lighting fixtures:
A. Unshielded mercury vapor lamps. On new installations,
mercury vapor lighting is not recommended.
B. Neon and laser light. Blinking, flashing, moving,
revolving, flickering, changing intensity or color, and chase lighting,
except lighting for temporary seasonal displays, lighting for public
safety or required for air traffic safety.
C. Any light fixture that may be confused with or construed
as a traffic control device.
D. Any upward-oriented lighting above 80° from the vertical, except as otherwise provided for in §
165-10E.
E. Searchlights, beacons, and laser-source light fixtures.
The following standards apply to commercial
outdoor lighting:
A. Commercial outdoor lighting shall not be illuminated
during daylight hours and between 1/2 hour after sunset and 1/2 hour
before sunrise, with the following exceptions:
(1) In the case of a business open to customers, or where
employees are working or where an institution or place of public assembly
is conducting an activity, it is recommended that normal illumination
necessary for conducting that activity shall be allowed for no more
than one hour after the activity ceases. It is also recommended that
all nonessential commercial exterior lighting shall be turned off
within one hour after the close of business and/or when not in use.
Lights controlled by photocells and timers are required, as is the
use of sensor-activated lights necessary for safety purposes.
(2) Low-level lighting sufficient for direct building
security may be operated between 1/2 hour after sunset and 1/2 hour
before sunrise, provided the illumination is mounted on the building
wall, shielded to prevent light trespass and light pollution, and
the light output is no greater than 1,800 lumens.
(3) Lighting may be used during daylight hours if required
for safety due to low-level daylight caused by weather conditions
such as heavy rain or snow.
B. All area lights shall be full cutoff luminaires.
C. Automatic teller machine (ATM) and other bank lighting
shall be full cutoff and shall not cause glare or light trespass.
D. Unshielded wall packs and unshielded floodlights are
not permitted.
All exterior lighting shall use full cutoff
luminaires, as determined by a photometry test or certified by the
manufacturer, with the light source directed downward and with the
fixture level with the horizontal plane, with the following exceptions:
A. Unshielded luminaires equal to, or less than, 890
lumens are allowed, provided the luminaire has an opaque top or is
under an opaque structure and light trespass limitations are met.
(See lumen table in Appendix.)
B. Area lighting of greater than 1,800 lumens is permitted
if angled downward such that the light is not directed above a forty-five-degree
angle measured from the vertical line from the center of the light
to the ground, and only if the luminaire does not cause glare, light
trespass or light pollution and beam spread is not beyond the intended
target or across property lines. Photocells and/or operable timers
that cause the luminaire to go on at dusk and off by 11:00 p.m., or
one hour after the close of business in commercial applications, as
well as motion-sensor-activated lights are required.
C. Sensor-activated luminaires:
(1) The luminaire is operated and located in such a manner,
or shielded, to prevent glare, light trespass and light pollution.
(2) The luminaire is set to only go on when activated
and to go off within five minutes after activation has ceased.
(3) The sensor shall not be triggered by activity off
the property, including passing vehicles on public highways, and/or
pedestrians using public sidewalks.
D. Vehicular lights and all temporary emergency lighting
needed by fire, ambulance, and police departments, or other emergency
services, are exempt.
E. In situations of lighted vertical objects which are
not illuminated with downward lighting, upward lighting may be used
in the form of a narrow cone spotlight which confines the illumination
to the object and meets light trespass and light pollution requirements.
F. Lighting of radio, communications and navigation towers,
provided the owner demonstrates that the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) regulations can only be met through the use of lighting that
does not comply with this chapter.
G. New or replacement "historic" municipal streetlights;
e.g., if the luminaire is an historic or decorative luminaire which
is part of a continuous lighting design on a primary street where
the piecemeal replacement of the luminaire with compliant luminaires
would unacceptably degrade the aesthetic characteristics of the existing
lighting design. Compliant spacing is recommended. Top-shielded lighting
is required.
Privately owned or leased light fixtures located
on public utility poles or located in the public right-of-way are
prohibited.
Residential outdoor lighting shall also comply
with the following:
A. Lighting shall be shielded or aimed to eliminate unnecessary
illumination and to ensure that there shall be no glare, light pollution
and light trespass onto adjacent property, and no such light shall
be of such intensity as to create a nuisance or detract from the use
and enjoyment of adjacent property.
B. No light shall be emitted above the light source horizontally.
Lights shall be recessed or shielded so that the light source is not
visible and the light beam is restrained to 80° or less from vertical.
C. Lighting shall meet the height requirements of this
chapter.