All new parking lots and all alterations of existing lots shall be subject to the approval of the Town Board, after a recommendation from the Plan Commission. Requests for said parking lots shall be accompanied with detailed plans on landscaping, parking layout, drainage provisions and driveway locations. In all districts, except those areas which are located within the fire zone as designated on the Official Map, there shall be provided at the time any use or building is erected, enlarged, extended, or increased off-street parking stalls for all vehicles in accordance with the following:
A. Access. Adequate access to a public street shall be provided for each parking space.
B. Design standards. The size of each parking space shall be not less than 180 square feet, exclusive of the space required for ingress and egress. Minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls for one-way traffic shall be as follows: 12 feet for thirty-degree parking and 20 feet for ninety-degree parking. Minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls for two-way traffic shall be 28 feet. No parking area of more than two spaces shall be designed as to require any vehicle to back into a public street. Any parking area of more than five spaces shall be sufficiently screened in the form of a solid fence or shrubbery to protect adjacent residential uses. Screening shall be approved by the Town Board with a recommendation from the Plan Commission. Large expanses of unchanneled parking areas shall be avoided by interior landscaping and safety islands. Applicable new developments and/or new structures shall also comply with the parking design standards as set forth in §
320-10J of this Zoning chapter.
[Amended 10-4-2006 by Ord. No. 2006-11; 8-6-2014 by Ord. No. 2014-8]
C. Location.
[Amended 10-4-2006 by Ord. No. 2006-11]
(1) Off-street parking is permitted in all yards of all districts except in the front yards of single-family and two-family residence districts. Parking and driveways shall not be closer than six feet to a side lot line, right-of-way line or rear lot line.
(2) Off-street parking in single-family residential districts is permitted in the front yard in the driveway, even though closer than six feet to a side lot line, provided that the driveway conforms to the requirements in §
320-73.
(3) Off-street parking is permitted in all yards of the B-1 and B-2 Business Districts but shall not be closer than 15 feet to any public right-of-way.
[Amended 1-7-2009 by Ord. No. 2009-2; 5-6-2009 by Ord. No. 2009-9]
D. Surfacing. All off-street parking areas for more than 10 vehicles shall be surfaced with a dustless all-weather material capable of carrying a wheel load of 4,000 pounds (normally, a two-inch blacktop on a four-inch base of five inches of Portland cement will meet this requirement). Any parking area for more than five vehicles shall have the aisles and spaces clearly marked. Compacted stone or gravel may be used with the approval of the Town Board.
E. Landscaping.
(1) Accessory landscape area. All public and private off-street parking areas which serve 10 vehicles or more and are created or redesigned and rebuilt subsequent to the adoption of this chapter shall be provided with accessory landscape areas totaling not less than 10% of the surfaced area. The minimum size of each landscape area shall not be less than 100 square feet.
(2) Location. Location of landscape areas, plant materials and protection afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance by the property owner, shall be subject to approval by the Town Board.
[Amended 10-4-2006 by Ord. No. 2006-11]
(3) Plans. All plans for such proposed parking areas, at the discretion of the Town Board, shall include a topographic survey or grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs and other natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation of the required minimum landscape area.
[Amended 10-4-2006 by Ord. No. 2006-11]
(4) Special residential requirements. Those parking areas for five or more vehicles if adjoining a residential use shall be screened from such use by a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent visual density or other effective means, built and maintained at a minimum height of five feet. Where a solidly constructed decorative fence is provided along the interior lot line, the minimum setback for the parking area shall be five feet from said lot line. Said fence shall be located a minimum of one foot from said lot line. Screening shall be approved by the Town Board with a recommendation from the Plan Commission.
[Amended 10-4-2006 by Ord. No. 2006-11]
(5) Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be permitted in association with parking facilities provided in residence districts.
(6) Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed away from residential properties and public streets in such a way as not to create a nuisance. However, in no case shall such lighting exceed three footcandles measured at the lot line.
(7) Street setback area. No parking shall be permitted between the street right-of-way line and the building setback line prevailing in the zone in which the proposed parking area is to be located. The resulting open area shall be planted in grass or otherwise landscaped to create a permanent green area.
F. Curbs. Curbs or barriers shall be installed a minimum of three feet from a property line so as to prevent the parked vehicles from extending over any lot lines.
G. Number of stalls. The number of parking stalls required is shown in the following table:
| Use | Minimum Parking Required |
|---|
| Dwellings, single-family, two-family and mobile homes | 2 stalls for each dwelling unit |
| Dwellings, multifamily | 1.5 stalls for each dwelling unit |
| Housing for the elderly | 0.75 space for each dwelling with 1/2 of these spaces to be built before occupancy and the balance of which spaces shall be reserved until such time as the Town Board may order them installed |
| Hotels and motels | 1 stall for each guest room plus 1 stall for each 3 employees |
| Sororities, dormitories, and rooming and boarding houses | 1 stall for each bed |
| Retirement homes, orphanages, convents and monasteries | 1 stall per 2,000 feet of principal floor area |
| Hospitals, sanitariums, institutions, and rest and nursing homes | 1 stall for each 2 beds plus 1 stall for each 3 employees |
| Medical and dental clinics | 3 stalls for each doctor |
| Churches, theaters, auditoriums, community centers, vocational and community centers, vocational and night schools, and other places of public assembly | 1 stall for each 5 seats |
| Colleges and secondary and elementary schools | 1 stall for each 2 employees plus 1 stall for each 5 students of 16 years of age or more |
| Restaurants, bars, clubs and lodges, and places of entertainment | 1 stall for each 150 feet of floor area and 1 space for each 2 employees |
| Manufacturing and processing plants (including meat and food processing), laboratories and warehouses | 1 stall for every 2 employees (number of employees shall be construed to mean the maximum number on the premises at one time) |
| Financial institutions, business, government and professional offices, and retail and service establishments | 1 stall for each 300 square feet of floor area and 1 stall for each 2 employees |
| Motor vehicle sales (new and used) [Added 10-6-1999 by Ord. No. 1999-15] | 2 customer parking spaces per salesperson for the work shift with the largest number of salespersons, plus 1 employee parking space per employee (including salespersons) for the work shift with the largest number of employees (this requirement does not include service stations, see below) |
| Repair shops and retail and service stores | 1 space for each 150 square feet of net floor space |
| Automobile repair garages and service stations | 1 space for each employee plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area used for repair work |
| Bowling alleys | 5 spaces for each alley |
H. Uses not listed. In the case of structures or uses not mentioned, the provision for a use which is similar shall apply. Floor space or area shall mean the gross floor area inside the exterior walls, where floor space is indicated above as a basis for determining the amount of off-street parking required.
I. Combined uses. Combinations of any of the above uses shall provide the total of the number of stalls required for each individual use. Two or more uses may provide required off-street parking spaces in a common parking facility less than the sum of the spaces required for each use individually, provided that such uses are not operated during the same hours. A written agreement satisfactory to the Town Attorney shall accompany any joint use arrangement.
J. Handicapped parking requirements. In addition to any other requirements relating to parking spaces contained in this Code, the provisions contained in §§ 101.13, 346.503 and 346.56, Wis. Stats., and any Wisconsin Administrative Code sections adopted pursuant thereto, are hereby adopted by reference and made applicable to all parking facilities whenever constructed.
K. Changes in buildings or use. Whenever a building or use is changed, structurally altered or enlarged to create a need for an increase of 25% or more in the number of existing parking spaces, such spaces shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change. Whenever a building or use is enlarged to the extent of 50% or more in the floor area, said building or use shall then comply with the parking requirements set forth in the district in which it is located.
L. Off-lot parking.
(1) Required off-street parking spaces shall be located on the same lot with the principal use, or, when this requirement cannot be met, such parking spaces may be located off lot, provided that the parking spaces are located in the same district. Off-lot parking spaces shall also be held in fee simple ownership by the owner of the use requiring such parking or be leased or rented through a written agreement satisfactory to the Town Attorney.
(2) Off-lot parking spaces for residential uses shall be within 250 feet of the principal entrance or the entrance for the individual occupants for whom the spaces are reserved, while the farthest portions of a parking lot for all other uses shall be within 300 feet of the entrance of the establishment.
(3) Accessory parking may be located in residential districts, provided that said lots or property is immediately adjacent to a commercial, business or industrial zoning district.
(4) All off-street parking lots adjoining lots zoned for residential use shall have a minimum setback of 10 feet from any interior lot line, except if the adjoining lot is used for legally conforming parking purposes.
M. Adjustments to required parking.
[Added 10-6-1999 by Ord. No. 99-15]
(1) Purpose. The purpose of this Subsection
M is to allow adjustments to the minimum number of parking spaces required to avoid constructing unneeded and excessive off-street parking facilities. Reducing the amount of excess off-street parking facilities is intended to provide for more cost-efficient site development, to eliminate constructing more impervious surface than necessary, to minimize stormwater runoff, to avoid construction of unnecessarily large stormwater management facilities, and to provide more landscape areas and open space on commercial and industrial sties. To achieve these purposes, the Plan Commission may reduce the minimum number of required off-street parking spaces in specific cases as described in this subsection.
(2) Adjustments. In all districts, the minimum number of required parking spaces may be adjusted by the Town Board, upon recommendation from the Plan Commission, on an individual basis. The petitioner for such an adjustment shall show to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission that adequate parking will be provided for customers, clients, visitors, and employees. The following provisions and factors shall be used as a basis to adjust parking requirements:
[Amended 5-6-2009 by Ord. No. 2009-9]
(a) Evidence that actual parking demands will be less than Zoning Code requirements. The petitioner shall submit written documentation and data to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission that the operation will require less parking than the Zoning Code requires.
(b) Availability of shared parking. The petitioner shall submit written documentation to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission that off-site shared parking spaces are available to satisfy the parking demand. When a reduction of parking spaces attributable to shared parking is requested, the petitioner shall submit written verification that such parking is available and shall include copies of any contracts, joint lease agreements, purchase agreements, and other such documentation to show that such shared parking can be accomplished. The Town Attorney shall provide an opinion designating the method by which the required shared parking shall be provided. The off-site shared parking spaces shall be clearly posted for the joint use of employees and/or tenants or customers of each respective use those spaces serve.
(c) Use of off-street parking for visitors. Available nearby on-street parking may be counted toward visitor parking needs. This may only be allowed when on-street parking is permitted in a specific location, and then only when such on-street parking spaces are within 250 feet of the entrance they are intended to serve.
(d) Use of alternative transportation. Upon demonstration to the Plan Commission that effective alternative transportation to the automobile will occur, the Plan Commission may reduce parking requirements. Alternative transportation may include, but is not limited to, bus transit, van pool operations, car pool/ride sharing and bicycles. Parking management plans/operations may also be used as a basis to reduce required parking. Parking management plans may include, but are not limited to, flexible working hours or shifts, preferential parking for car pools/van pools, transit/van pool fare subsidy, imposition of a charge for parking, and establishment of a transportation coordinator to implement car pool, van pool, and transit programs. Proposals for adjustments of parking requirements under this subsection shall show how the alternative transportation modes will be implemented, the permanency of such modes, extent of the program, the number of vehicles the mode will replace, and other pertinent information.
(3) Space to be set aside for reduced parking. The site plan for the commercial or industrial use shall be designed to provide sufficient open space on the subject site to accommodate the additional parking spaces otherwise required by this chapter. Such open space shall be in addition to required yards, setbacks, driveways, private streets, loading, and service areas. Sufficient open space shall be provided which, if converted to parking spaces, would provide off-street parking to meet the full requirements of this chapter at the time of application.