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Leaders, when placed within a building, shall be of cast iron, galvanized steel, galvanized wrought iron, brass, copper or lead.

When outside leaders are of sheet metal and connected with a building storm drain or storm sewer, they shall be connected to a cast-iron drain extending above the finished grade.

Building storm drains, when underground, shall be of extra-heavy cast-iron, brass or copper pipe.

The building storm sewer, from the building to the property line, shall be of cast-iron, Orangeburg or vitrified clay pipe.

When an existing sheet metal leader pipe within the walls of any building becomes defective, such leader shall be replaced by one which conforms to this chapter.

The size of a vertical leader shall be based upon the maximum projected roof area as given in the following table: Nominal Leader Size Equivalent Diameter (inches) Maximum Projected Roof Area (square inches) 2 500 2 1/2 900 3 1,500 4 3,100 5 5,500 6 9,000 8 19,000 10 35,000 12 56,000

The minimum size of building storm sewer, building storm drain or any of its branches, having a fall of 1/2 inch or less per foot, shall be based upon the maximum roof area to be handled, according to the following table: Maximum Drained Area (square feet) Diameter of Pipe (inches) 1/8-Inch Fall Per Foot 1/4-Inch Fall Per Foot 1/2-Inch Fall Per Foot 2 500 2 1/2 900 3 700 1,000 1,500 4 1,500 2,150 3,100 5 2,700 3,800 5,500 6 4,300 6,100 9,000 8 9,600 13,000 19,000 10 16,500 24,000 35,000 12 27,000 40,000 56,000

The sanitary and storm drainage system of a building shall be entirely separate, except that where a combined sewer is available, the building drain and the building storm drain may be connected to a combined building drain and building storm drain or to a combined sewer downstream and preferably at least 10 feet from any stack connection.

The size of building drains and building storm drains up to the point of combining into one system shall be as required for separate storm and sanitary systems.

To determine the size of a combined drain or sewer, the connected fixture units shall first be converted to square feet of roof area by the use of the following table in § 221-291 of this article. The number of square feet of roof area served by the combined drain or sewer and the pipe size shall be determined by using the table in § 221-287 of this article, except that the combined sanitary and building storm sewers shall be at least six inches in size.

The roof-area equivalents for fixture units on combined drains and sewers shall be as follows: Fixture Units Roof Area (square feet) Fixture Units Roof Area (square feet) 10 325 600 4,525 15 400 700 5,150 20 450 800 5,725 25 500 900 6,350 30 525 1,000 7,525 35 550 1,200 8,725 40 575 1,400 9,800 45 625 1,600 10,000 50 675 1,800 11,825 60 725 2,000 14,000 70 800 2,500 16,800 80 850 3,000 19,000 90 925 3,500 21,000 100 1,100 4,000 23,200 125 1,225 4,500 25,400 150 1,375 5,000 28,000 175 1,525 6,000 31,200 200 1,850 7,000 34,100 250 2,125 8,000 36,500 300 2,450 9,000 40,000 350 2,725 10,000 46,000 400 3,100 12,000 55,000 450 3,325 15,000 70,200 500 3,950 20,000 85,000

Wastes from the following shall not discharge directly into any building drain, soil or waste pipes: a refrigerator, icebox, soda fountain, bar waste, fish or meat counters or other receptacle, appliance, device or apparatus which is used for storage, preparation or processing of food or drink and which is not water-connected; an appliance, device or apparatus using water as a cooling or heating medium; a water still; a swimming pool; a water treatment device or a water-operated device.

Drinking fountains may be installed with indirect wastes or shall be connected directly into a drainage system trapped and vented same as other fixtures. Such pipe shall have a minimum diameter of 1 1/4 inches.

Fixtures connected to indirect wastes shall be trapped, but it shall be unnecessary to vent such fixture. The piping shall be installed with cleanouts on horizontal runs.

Indirect waste pipes shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of the other sections of this chapter applicable to sanitary drainage piping.

The diameter of refrigerator waste pipes shall not be less than 1 1/2 inches in diameter. Such pipes shall be of brass, copper or galvanized wrought iron.

Indirect waste pipes shall discharge into a water-supplied, trapped and vented open sink or other approved receptacle which shall be located in an accessible, ventilated place. The air gap shall be equal to or greater than the nominal diameter of the waste pipe.

Water lifts, expansion tanks, cooling jackets, sprinkler systems, drips or overflow pans, or similar devices which waste clear water only, may discharge onto a roof, into a sump or so as to drain into a trapped fixture.

Indirect waste pipes receiving the discharge from drinking fountains or refrigerators on three or more floors shall be vented through the roof.