The Town Board hereby declares that in the interest of public
safety and convenience and in order to promote a sound residential
environment, both individual and common driveways must be designed,
constructed and maintained to afford suitable access to any residential
dwelling or other habitable structure from a public or private street
or highway in accordance with § 280 of the Town Law and
in a manner that both avoids adverse impact upon the intersecting
public or private street or roadway and provides reasonable access
to such residential dwelling or other habitable structure throughout
all seasons of the year for both routine and emergency purposes.
For purposes of this chapter, each of the below terms shall
have the meaning set forth herein:
COMMON DRIVEWAY
A driveway providing access from a public or private street
or roadway to either a parking area or two or more lots, parcels or
uses.
DRIVEWAY
A private vehicular way providing access from a public or
private street or roadway and not providing a route for through traffic.
INDIVIDUAL DRIVEWAY
A driveway providing access from a public or private street
or roadway to one lot and serving not more than two dwelling units.
Prior to issuance of any permit for new construction, application
shall be made for a driveway permit. In the review of the application
for driveway construction permit the Code Enforcement Officer may,
at their discretion, refer the driveway construction design plan(s)
to the Engineer for the Town and, in the case of a driveway intersecting
an existing or proposed Town street or highway, the Town Superintendent
of Highways for review and design approval. A driveway permit fee
as set forth in the schedule of fees of the Town of Mamakating shall
accompany the application.
Upon issuance of the driveway construction permit, the Code
Enforcement Officer shall monitor the progress of the work and call
when timely for field inspection of the work by the Engineer for the
Town and, in the case of a driveway intersecting an existing or proposed
Town street or roadway, the Town Superintendent of Highways.
All driveways providing access to a residential dwelling or other habitable structure shall connect directly to either an existing improved public or private roadway or a proposed public or private roadway and shall further conform in design and construction and be maintained for the life of the dwelling or other habitable structure with the overall design criteria depicted on Figures 9 and 9A in Article
II, Road Specifications, of the Town of Mamakating, and with the below standards and requirements:
A. Driveway access to any dwelling or habitable structure shall be provided over an improved cartway not less than 10 feet (18 feet for common driveways) in width, crowned or with appropriate cross slope and centered within a graded and stabilized area not less than 20 feet (28 feet for common driveways) in width; such cartway and stabilized area shall, at a minimum, include a suitably prepared and graded horizontal cross section and constructed as detailed on Figures 9 and 9A in Article
II, Road Specifications, of the Town of Mamakating. The stabilized area shall be maintained throughout the entire length of the driveway free of obstructions such as trees, accessory buildings, light standards, fences or walls.
B. Except in the case of a common driveway, which by design must be
located at least in part within 12 feet of a property line, driveway
access to any dwelling or other habitable structure and its associated
parking area shall be separated by a distance of not less than 12
feet from any property line.
C. All driveways shall be designed and constructed with a minimum grade
of 1.5% and a maximum grade of 4% within 50 feet of the intersecting
street or roadway pavement to avoid conditions where either inadequate
landing area is present and/or visibility is limited when exiting
a driveway downgrade of the intersected street or roadway.
D. All driveways shall be designed and constructed to include landing
area of not less than 1.5% or greater than 4% grade adjacent to, or
reasonably near, the dwelling or other habitable structure where a
delivery or emergency vehicle might park or turn around.
E. The minimum allowable driveway radius shall be 40 feet as measured
along the center line. Driveway grade shall not exceed 6% within 25
feet of any radius less than 50 feet as measured along the center
line.
F. Driveway grade between the street or roadway providing access to
any dwelling or other habitable structure and such dwelling or habitable
structure shall otherwise not exceed 14% at any location throughout
the entire length of the driveway.
G. All driveways shall be designed, constructed and maintained in a
manner that no stormwater runoff from the driveway is discharged onto
an intersected public street or roadway unless there is a system specifically
designed, installed and maintained to capture this runoff along a
curb or gutter line; in no instance shall runoff be permitted to discharge
into the travel lane or to otherwise create a condition that would
likely result in icing on the intersected public street or roadway.
H. All driveways shall comply with the below minimum-sight-distance
standards as measured 10 feet from the edge of the cartway of the
intersected public street or roadway and in consideration of the posted
speed limit on such street or roadway except where Sullivan County
Department of Public Works or NYSDOT are the agency of jurisdiction
and their current standards shall apply:
(1) For right- and left-turn movement sight distances:
Speed Limit
(mph)
|
Minimum Sight Distance
(feet)
|
---|
30
|
335
|
35
|
390
|
40
|
445
|
45
|
500
|
50
|
555
|
55
|
610
|
(2) For stopping sight distance:
Speed Limit
(mph)
|
Minimum Sight Distance
(feet)
|
---|
30
|
200
|
35
|
250
|
40
|
305
|
45
|
360
|
50
|
425
|
55
|
495
|
(3) For turning sight distance:
Speed Limit
(mph)
|
Minimum Sight Distance
(feet)
|
---|
30
|
245
|
35
|
285
|
40
|
325
|
45
|
365
|
50
|
405
|
55
|
445
|
(4) The distances in Subsection
H(1),
(2) and
(3) above shall be adjusted based upon road grade as follows, adding for downhill approach and subtracting for uphill approach:
Road Grade
|
Adjustment
|
---|
0% to 3%
|
No adjustment
|
4% to 6%
|
10% adjustment
|
7% to 9%
|
20% adjustment
|
10% and greater
|
30% adjustment
|
I. Any driveway exceeding 500 feet in length shall include suitable
improved turnouts or pass-by areas, as depicted in Figure 9B in Article
II, Road Specifications, of the Town of Mamakating, at intervals and locations recommended on a site-specific basis by the Engineer for the Town upon referral of the engineering plans and other documentation by the Town Planning Board or Code Enforcement Officer, as pertinent to the specific circumstance.
J. Any driveway, any portion of which is in excess of 8% in grade, shall
be constructed with an area suitable for the parking of two cars during
inclement weather, such area to be located prior to the start of such
grade and within neither the required cartway or associated stabilized
area nor a public street or roadway right-of-way.
K. Any driveway, any portion of which is in excess of 10% in grade,
shall include suitable improved turnouts or pass-by areas at locations
recommended on a site-specific basis by the Engineer for the Town
upon referral of the design plans and/or other documentation whether
by the Town Planning Board as part of a subdivision plat review and
approval process or at the time of application for driveway construction
permit by the Code Enforcement Officer, as pertinent to the specific
circumstance.
L. All driveways shall include a paved apron extending for a distance
of not less than 10 feet from an intersecting public street or roadway.
In situations where a roadside swale exists, the paved apron shall
extend to the ditch line.
M. Any driveway that exceeds 8% in grade at any point along its entire
length shall be paved the entire distance from the intersecting public
or private street or roadway to the dwelling, including the landing
areas at the street and at the dwelling.
N. Design plans prepared by a licensed professional engineer and deemed
satisfactory by the Engineer for the Town shall be required for any
driveway any portion of which is in excess of 8% grade, including
therewith a stormwater management plan and consideration of culverts,
guide rails, or other improvements that may be initially proposed
or required upon review of the design plans by the Engineer for the
Town.
O. Design plans deemed satisfactory by the Engineer for the Town shall
be required for that portion of any driveway crossing a designated
wetland, a designated 100-year floodplain or a stream or other watercourse,
including consideration of any bridge or similar structure, e.g.,
a box or arch culvert, proposed for installation as part of the driveway
construction. In particular, any bridge or culvert crossing shall
have an unobstructed width of not less than 12 feet and be designed
to support a minimum load of 65,000 pounds.
P. To the extent such may be more stringent than the above design criteria,
the driveway design shall further incorporate any requirements or
conditions imposed by either the New York State Department of Transportation,
the Sullivan County Department of Public Works, or the Town of Mamakating
Superintendent of Highways, in review and approval of the pertinent
agency of jurisdiction highway work permit application, including
but not limited to the sufficiency of stormwater and the suitability
of sight distance.
Q. Walls, fences, driveway entrance gates and pillars, signs, and similar
appurtenant features shall be set back adequate distance from both
the public or private right-of-way and the residential or other driveway
to permit turning movements for ingress and egress by fire protective
and other emergency vehicles. No such appurtenances shall be constructed
and maintained within any area proposed for public highways or within
any drainage, snow storage or other utility easement area.
R. To the extent practicable, an individual parcel shall be served by only one driveway intersecting at a single location either the adjoining public street or roadway or an adjoining private street or roadway set forth on an approved subdivision plat. In the event, however, two intersections of an individual driveway or more than one driveway are authorized by the Planning Board during either the subdivision plat or site plan review approval process and approved by the agency of jurisdiction, i.e., NYSDOT, Sullivan County DPW or Town of Mamakating Superintendent of Highways in the case of a public street or roadway, each of the intersections and each of the driveways shall comply fully with the design and construction criteria set forth in above Subsections
A through
Q.