Fire protection and life safety systems shall be maintained
in accordance with the International Fire Code in
an operative condition at all times, and shall be replaced or repaired
where defective.
704.1.1
Fire protection and life safety systems. Fire protection
and life safety systems shall be installed, repaired, operated and
maintained in accordance with this code the International Fire Code
and the International Building Code.
704.1.2
Required fire protection and life safety systems. Fire protection and life safety systems required by this code, the International Fire Code or the International Building
Code shall be installed, repaired, operated, tested and maintained
in accordance with this code. A fire protection and life safety system
for which a design option, exception or reduction to the provisions
of this code, the International Fire Code or the International Building Code has been granted shall be considered
to be a required system.
704.1.3
Fire protection systems. Fire protection systems
shall be inspected, maintained and tested in accordance with the following International Fire Code requirements.
1.
Automatic sprinkler systems, see Section 903.5.
2.
Automatic fire-extinguishing systems protecting commercial cooking
systems, see Section 904.13.5.
3.
Automatic water mist extinguishing systems, see Section 904.11.
4.
Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems, see Section 904.8.
5.
Carbon monoxide alarms and carbon monoxide detection systems,
see Section 915.6.
6.
Clean-agent extinguishing systems, see Section 904.10.
7.
Dry-chemical extinguishing systems, see Section 904.6.
8.
Fire alarm and fire detection systems, see Section 907.8.
9.
Fire department connections, see Sections 912.4 and 912.7.
10.
Fire pumps, see Section 913.5.
11.
Foam extinguishing systems, see Section 904.7.
12.
Halon extinguishing systems, see Section 904.9.
13.
Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms, see Section 907.10.
14.
Smoke and heat vents and mechanical smoke removal systems, see
Section 910.5.
15.
Smoke control systems, see Section 909.22.
16.
Wet-chemical extinguishing systems, see Section 904.5.
Fire protection systems shall be inspected, tested and maintained
in accordance with the referenced standards listed in Table 704.2
and as required in this section.
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Table 704.2
Fire Protection System Maintenance Standards
| |
|---|---|
|
System
|
Standard
|
|
Portable fire extinguishers
|
NFPA 10
|
|
Carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system
|
NFPA 12
|
|
Halon 1301 fire-extinguishing systems
|
NFPA 12A
|
|
Dry-chemical extinguishing systems
|
NFPA 17
|
|
Wet-chemical extinguishing systems
|
NFPA 17A
|
|
Water-based fire protection systems
|
NFPA 25
|
|
Fire alarm systems
|
NFPA 72
|
|
Smoke and heat vents
|
NFPA 204
|
|
Water-mist systems
|
NFPA 750
|
|
Clean-agent extinguishing systems
|
NFPA 2001
|
704.2.1
Records. Records shall be maintained of all system
inspections, tests and maintenance required by the referenced standards.
704.2.2
Records information. Initial records shall include
the: name of the installation contractor; type of components installed;
manufacturer of the components; location and number of components
installed per floor; and manufacturers' operation and maintenance
instruction manuals. Such records shall be maintained for the life
of the installation.
Where a required fire protection system is out of service, the
fire department and the fire code official shall
be notified immediately and, where required by the fire code
official, either the building shall be evacuated or an approved fire watch shall be provided for all occupants left unprotected by the shutdown until the fire protection system
has been returned to service. Where utilized, fire watches shall be
provided with not less than one approved means for
notification of the fire department and shall not have duties beyond
performing constant patrols of the protected premises and keeping watch for fires. Actions shall be taken in accordance
with Section 901 of the International Fire Code to
bring the systems back in service.
Exception: Facilities with an approved notification
and impairment management program. The notification and impairment
program for water-based fire protection systems shall comply with
NFPA 25.
704.3.1
Emergency impairments. Where unplanned impairments
of fire protection systems occur, appropriate emergency action shall
be taken to minimize potential injury and damage. The impairment coordinator
shall implement the steps outlined in Section 901.7.4 of the International Fire Code.
It shall be unlawful for any person to remove, tamper with or
otherwise disturb any fire protection or life safety system required
by this code except for the purposes of extinguishing fire, training,
recharging or making necessary repairs.
704.4.1
Removal of or tampering with appurtenances. Locks,
gates, doors, barricades, chains, enclosures, signs, tags and seals
that have been installed by or at the direction of the fire code official shall not be removed, unlocked, destroyed
or tampered with in any manner.
704.4.2
Removal of existing occupant-use hose lines. The
fire code official is authorized to permit the removal
of existing occupant-use hose lines where all of
the following apply:
704.4.3
Termination of monitoring service. For fire alarm
systems required to be monitored by the International Fire
Code, notice shall be made to the fire code official whenever alarm monitoring services are terminated. Notice shall
be made in writing by the provider of the monitoring service being
terminated.
Where the fire department connection is not visible to approaching
fire apparatus, the fire department connection shall be indicated
by an approved sign mounted on the street front or
on the side of the building. Such sign shall have the letters "FDC"
not less than 6 inches (152 mm) high and words in letters not less
than 2 inches (51 mm) high or an arrow to indicate the location. Such
signs shall be subject to the approval of the fire code official.
704.5.1
Fire department connection access. Ready access
to fire department connections shall be maintained at all times and
without obstruction by fences, bushes, trees, walls or any other fixed
or movable object. Access to fire department connections shall be
approved by the fire chief.
Exception: Fences, where provided with an access
gate equipped with a sign complying with the legend requirements of
Section 912.5 of the International Fire Code and
a means of emergency operation. The gate and the means of emergency
operation shall be approved by the fire chief and
maintained operational at all times.
704.5.2
Clear space around connections. A working space
of not less than 36 inches (914 mm) in width, 36 inches (914 mm) in
depth and 78 inches (1981 mm) in height shall be provided and maintained
in front of and to the sides of wall-mounted fire department connections
and around the circumference of free-standing fire department connections.
Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed
in existing Group I-1 and R occupancies in accordance
with Sections 704.6.1 through 704.6.3.
704.6.1
Where required. Existing Group I-1 and R occupancies shall be provided with single-station smoke
alarms in accordance with Sections 704.6.1.1 through 704.6.1.4. Interconnection
and power sources shall be in accordance with Sections 704.6.2 and
704.6.3.
|
Exceptions:
| |
|
1.
|
Where the code that was in effect at the time of construction
required smoke alarms and smoke alarms complying with those requirements
are already provided.
|
|
2.
|
Where smoke alarms have been installed in occupancies and dwellings
that were not required to have them at the time of construction, additional
smoke alarms shall not be required provided that the existing smoke
alarms comply with requirements that were in effect at the time of
installation.
|
|
3.
|
Where smoke detectors connected to a fire alarm system have
been installed as a substitute for smoke alarms.
|
704.6.1.1
Group R-1. Single- or multiple-station
smoke alarms shall be installed in all of the following locations
in Group R-1:
1.
In sleeping areas.
2.
In every room in the path of the means of egress from the sleeping
area to the door leading from the sleeping unit.
3.
In each story within the sleeping unit, including basements. For sleeping units with split
levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels,
a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent
lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story
below the upper level.
704.6.1.2
Groups R-2, R-3, R-4 and I-1. Single or multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed and maintained
in Groups R-2, R-3, R-4 and I-1 regardless of occupant load at all of the following locations:
1.
On the ceiling or wall outside of each separate sleeping area
in the immediate vicinity of bedrooms.
2.
In each room used for sleeping purposes.
3.
In each story within a dwelling unit, including basements but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable
attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent
levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for
the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than
one full story below the upper level.
704.6.1.3
Installation near cooking appliances. Smoke alarms shall not be installed in the following locations unless
this would prevent placement of a smoke alarm in a location required
by Section 704.6.1.1 or 704.6.1.2.
1.
Ionization smoke alarms shall not be installed less than 20
feet (6096 m) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance.
2.
Ionization smoke alarms with an alarm-silencing switch shall
not be installed less than 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from a permanently
installed cooking appliance.
3.
Photoelectric smoke alarms shall not be installed less than
6 feet (1829 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking
appliance.
704.6.1.4
Installation near bathrooms. Smoke alarms shall be installed not less than 3 feet (914 mm) horizontally
from the door or opening of a bathroom that contains
a bathtub or shower unless this would prevent placement of a smoke
alarm required by Section 704.6.1.1 or 704.6.1.2.
704.6.2
Interconnection. Where
more than one smoke alarm is required to be installed within an individual dwelling or sleeping unit, the smoke alarms
shall be interconnected in such a manner that the activation of one
alarm will activate all of the alarms in the individual unit. Physical
interconnection of smoke alarms shall not be required where listed
wireless alarms are installed and all alarms sound upon activation
of one alarm. The alarm shall be clearly audible in all bedrooms over
background noise levels with all intervening doors closed.
Exceptions:
1.
Interconnection is not required in buildings that are not undergoing alterations, repairs or construction of any kind.
2.
Smoke alarms in existing areas are not required to be interconnected
where alterations or repairs do not result in the
removal of interior wall or ceiling finishes exposing the structure,
unless there is an attic, crawl space or basement available that could provide access for interconnection without
the removal of interior finishes.
704.6.3
Power source. Single-station
smoke alarms shall receive their primary power from the building wiring
provided that such wiring is served from a commercial source and shall
be equipped with a battery backup. Smoke alarms with integral strobes
that are not equipped with battery backup shall be connected to an
emergency electrical system. Smoke alarms shall emit a signal when
the batteries are low. Wiring shall be permanent and without a disconnecting
switch other than as required for overcurrent protection.
Exceptions:
1.
Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in
existing buildings where construction is not taking place.
2.
Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in
buildings that are not served from a commercial power source.
3.
Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in
existing areas of buildings undergoing alterations or repairs that do not result in the removal of interior walls or
ceiling finishes exposing the structure, unless there is an attic,
crawl space or basement available that could provide
access for building wiring without the removal of interior finishes.
704.6.4
Smoke detection system. Smoke detectors listed in accordance with UL 268 and provided as
part of the building's fire alarm system shall be an acceptable
alternative to single- and multiple-station smoke alarms and shall
comply with the following:
1.
The fire alarm system shall comply with all applicable requirements
in Section 907 of the International Fire Code.
2.
Activation of a smoke detector in a dwelling or sleeping unit shall initiate alarm notification
in the dwelling or sleeping unit in accordance with Section 907.5.2
of the International Fire Code.
3.
Activation of a smoke detector in a dwelling or sleeping unit shall not activate alarm notification
appliances outside of the dwelling or sleeping
unit, provided that a supervisory signal is generated and
monitored in accordance with Section 907.6.6 of the International
Fire Code.
Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms shall be tested and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Smoke alarms that do not function shall be replaced. Smoke alarms
installed in one- and two-family dwellings shall be replaced not more
than 10 years from the date of manufacture marked on the unit, or
shall be replaced if the date of manufacture cannot be determined.
