The following definitions are applicable to this chapter:
AGRICULTURAL LAND USE
The use of land for planting, growing, cultivating and harvesting
of crops for human or livestock consumption and pasturing or yarding
of livestock.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE or BMP
Structural or nonstructural measures, practices, techniques
or devices employed to avoid or minimize soil, sediment or pollutants
carried in runoff to waters of the state.
CONNECTED IMPERVIOUSNESS
An impervious surface that is directly connected to a separate
storm sewer or water of the state via an impervious flow path.
CONSTRUCTION SITE
An area upon which one or more land-disturbing construction
activities occur, including areas that are part of a larger common
plan of development or sale where multiple separate and distinct land-disturbing
construction activities may be taking place at different times on
different schedules but under one plan.
DESIGN STORM
A hypothetical discrete rainstorm characterized by a specific
duration, temporal distribution, rainfall intensity, return frequency,
and total depth of rainfall.
EFFECTIVE INFILTRATION AREA
The area of the infiltration system that is used to infiltrate
runoff and does not include the area used for site access, berms or
pretreatment.
EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
A comprehensive plan developed to address pollution caused
by erosion and sedimentation of soil particles or rock fragments during
construction.
EXCAVATION
Any act by which organic matter, earth, sand, gravel, rock
or any other similar material is cut into, dug, quarried, uncovered,
removed, displaced, relocated or bulldozed and shall include the conditions
resulting therefrom.
EXISTING GRADE
The vertical location of the existing ground surface prior
to excavation or filling.
FILL
Any act by which earth, sand, gravel, rock or any other material
is deposited, placed, replaced, pushed, dumped, pulled, transported
or moved by human forces to a new location and shall include the conditions
resulting therefrom.
FINAL STABILIZATION
All land-disturbing construction activities at the construction
site have been completed and a uniform perennial vegetative cover
has been established, with a density of at least 70% of the cover
for the unpaved areas and areas not covered by permanent structures,
or employment of equivalent permanent stabilization measures.
GRADING
Altering the elevation of the land surface by stripping,
excavating, filling or stockpiling of soil materials, or any combination
thereof, and shall include the land from which the material was taken
or upon which it was placed.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE
An area that releases as runoff all or a large portion of
the precipitation that falls on it, except for frozen soil. Rooftops,
sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and streets are examples of areas
that typically are impervious.
INFILTRATION
The entry of precipitation or runoff into or through the
soil.
INFILTRATION SYSTEM
A device or practice such as a basin, trench, rain garden
or swale designed specifically to encourage infiltration, but does
not include natural infiltration in pervious surfaces such as lawns,
redirecting of rooftop downspouts onto lawns or minimal infiltration
from practices, such as swales or roadside channels, designed for
conveyance and pollutant removal only.
KARST FEATURE
An area or surficial geologic feature subject to bedrock
dissolution so that it is likely to provide a conduit to groundwater,
and may include caves, enlarged fractures, mine features, exposed
bedrock surfaces, sinkholes, springs, seeps or swallets.
LAND-DISTURBING ACTIVITIES OR USES
Any land alterations or disturbances which may result in
soil erosion, sedimentation and/or the increase in runoff, including
but not limited to tilling, removal of ground cover, grading, excavating
and filling of land, except that the term shall not include such minor
land-disturbing activities as home gardens and repair and maintenance
of driveways. Additionally, this term does not include agricultural
land uses if such are regulated at the federal, state or county level.
LANDOWNER
Any person holding title to or having any interest in land.
LAND TREATMENT MEASURES
Structural or vegetative practices (including fencing), or
combinations of both, used to control erosion, sediment and water
runoff.
LAND USERS
Persons who use land, individually or collectively, as owners,
operators, lessors, renters, occupiers who are providing a service
that requires access or alterations of the land in order to perform
the service, or by other arrangement which gives them the responsibility
of private or public land use.
MAXIMUM EXTENT PRACTICABLE or MEP
A level of implementing best management practices in order
to achieve a performance standard specified in this chapter which
takes into account the best available technology, cost-effectiveness
and other competing issues such as human safety and welfare, endangered
and threatened resources, historic properties and geographic features.
MEP allows flexibility in the way to meet the performance standards
and may vary based on the performance standard and site conditions.
PARCEL
All contiguous lands under the ownership or control of a
landowner or land user.
PEAK FLOW
The maximum rate of flow of water at a given point in a channel,
watercourse or conduit resulting from a predetermined storm or flood.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
A narrative or measurable number specifying the minimum acceptable
outcome for a facility or practice.
PERMIT
The signed, written statement issued under this chapter authorizing
the applicant to engage in general land-disturbing uses specified
and for a specified period of time.
PERSON
Any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership,
joint venture, agency, unincorporated association, municipal corporation,
county or state agency within Wisconsin, the federal government, and
other legally recognized entity, or any combination thereof.
PERVIOUS SURFACE
An area that releases as runoff a small portion of the precipitation
that falls on it. Lawns, gardens, parks, forests or other similar
vegetated areas are examples of surfaces that typically are pervious.
POLLUTANT
Has the meaning given in § 283.01(13), Wis. Stats.
POLLUTION
Has the meaning given in § 281.01(10), Wis. Stats.
POST-CONSTRUCTION SITE
A construction site following the completion of land-disturbing
construction activity and final site stabilization.
PREDEVELOPMENT CONDITION
The extent and distribution of land cover types present before
the initiation of land-disturbing construction activity, assuming
that all land uses prior to development activity are managed in an
environmentally sound manner.
PUBLIC LANDS
All lands which are subject to regulation by the Village,
including, but not limited to:
(1)
All lands owned or controlled by the Village;
and
(2)
All land within the political boundaries of
the Village which is owned by another unit of government, if that
unit of government is acting in a proprietary rather than governmental
function.
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Any person performing services to meet the performance standards
of this chapter through a contract or other agreement.
RUNOFF
The portion of rainfall, melted snow or irrigation water
that flows across the ground surface and eventually is returned to
lakes or streams, creeks or other watercourses.
SEDIMENT
Solid material, both mineral and organic, that is in suspension,
is being transported, or has been moved from its site of origin by
air, water, gravity or ice, and has come to rest on the earth's surface
at a different site.
SEDIMENTATION
The transportation and deposition of sediment that may ultimately
degrade water quality by the presence of suspended solid particles,
derived from soils by erosion or discharged into surface waters from
other sources; or the deposition of waterborne sediments in stream
channels, lakes, reservoirs or on floodplains, usually because of
a decrease in the velocity of the water.
SITE
The entire area included in the legal description of the
land on which the land-disturbing or land development activity is
proposed in the permit application.
SOIL LOSS
Soil movement from a given site because of land-disturbing
activities or by the forces of erosion and redeposited at another
site on land or in a body of water.
STOP-WORK ORDER
A means of giving notice that the Village Engineer believes
that any landowner, land user and/or responsible party has violated
one or more provisions of this chapter or that a land-disturbing activity
is occurring without a control plan being approved and a permit being
issued. Notice is given both by posting upon the lands where the land-disturbing
activity occurs one or more copies of a written notice stating the
violation and by mailing a copy of the notice by certified mail to
landowner, land user, and/or responsible party at the appropriate
address shown on the permit.
STORM FREQUENCY
The average period of time in which a storm of a given duration
and intensity can be expected to be equaled or exceeded.
STORM SEWER
A closed conduit for conducting collected stormwater.
STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
All facilities used for conducting stormwater to, through
or from a drainage area to the point of final outlet, including but
not limited to any of the following: conduits and appurtenant features,
canals, channels, ditches, streams, culverts, streets and pumping
stations.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
A comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of
pollutants from stormwater after the site has under gone final stabilization
following completion of the construction activity.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PLAN
A comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of
runoff and pollutants from hydrologic units on a regional or municipal
scale.
STORMWATER RUNOFF
The waters derived from rains falling within a tributary
drainage basin, flowing over the ground surface or collected in a
water drainage system.
STRUCTURAL MEASURES
Works of improvement for land stabilization to prevent erosion,
sediment or runoff which include, but are not limited to, gully control
structures, fencing, grass waterways, riprap, detention basins, sediment
basins, flood retention dams, diversions, lining channels with rock,
concrete or other materials. Contour strip cropping is not a structural
measure.
TECHNICAL STANDARD
A document that specifies design, predicted performance,
and operation and maintenance specifications for a material, device
or method.
TR-55
The United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service (previously Soil Conservation Service), Urban
Hydrology for Small Watersheds, Second Edition, Technical Release
55, June 1986.
TWENTY-FIVE-YEAR STORM
Those rainstorms of varying durations and intensities expected
to recur on the average of once every 25 years. There are multiple
duration years that reference this dimension (i.e., 2, 10, 25, 50,
100).
TWENTY-FIVE-YEAR STORM RUNOFFS
The stormwater runoffs from the twenty-five-year storms.
There are multiple duration years that reference this dimension (i.e.,
2, 10, 25, 50, 100).
VILLAGE ENGINEER
The professional engineer designated by the Village Board
to administer this chapter, and includes any other persons who are
supervised by the Engineer.