[Adopted 12-5-1988 (Ch. 21, Part 2B, of the 1985 Code)]
A. 
These specifications shall cover the construction of cement concrete sidewalks within the Borough.
B. 
Materials.
(1) 
Bed course material. Shall consist of approved gravel, crushed stone or slag meeting the gradation requirements of § 703.2 of PennDOT Specifications, Form 408.
(2) 
Concrete. Shall be Class A conforming to the requirements of § 704 of PennDOT Specifications, Form 408. Concrete mixes will be subject to inspection and tests at the mixing plants for compliance with quality requirements.
(3) 
Expansion joint filler (preformed). Shall conform to § 705.0 of the PennDOT Specifications, Form 408.
(4) 
All materials will be subject to inspection for acceptance as to condition at the latest practicable time that the Borough of Greencastle has the opportunity to check for compliance prior to or during incorporation of materials in the work.
C. 
Construction requirements.
(1) 
Subgrade preparation. The subgrade shall be constructed true to grade and shall be watered if required. All soft and yielding material shall be removed and replaced with suitable material. The subgrade shall be thoroughly compacted before placement of the bed course materials.
(2) 
Bed course material. Shall be placed six inches in depth on the completed subgrade and compacted.
(3) 
Forms. Shall be of wood or metal and shall extend for the full depth of the concrete. All forms shall be straight, free from warp and of sufficient strength to resist the pressure of concrete without displacement. Bracing and staking of forms shall be such that forms remain in both horizontal and vertical alignment until their removal. All forms shall be cleaned and oiled before using.
(4) 
Placing concrete. The foundation and surfaces shall be thoroughly moistened immediately prior to the placing of the concrete. All concrete shall be mixed in accordance with Class A of the PennDOT Specifications, Form 408. The concrete shall be deposited in one course four inches in depth in such a manner as to prevent segregation. The surface shall be finished with a wooden float. Form outside edges and joints with a 1/4 inch radius edging tool. Form transverse dummy joints at four foot intervals, approximately 1/8 inch wide and at least one inch deep. Sidewalks shall be sloped a minimum of 0.5% and a maximum of two percent toward the street.
(5) 
Expansion joints. Place 1/2 inch premolded, expansion joint material for the full depth of the sidewalk opposite expansion joints in adjacent curb, between the sidewalk and curb and between the sidewalk and rigid structures.
(6) 
Ramps for the handicapped. Construct at the corners of all blocks and where directed by the Borough of Greencastle.
(7) 
Curing. Concrete shall be cured for at least 72 hours. Curing shall be by means of moist burlap, membrane curing compound, vapor barrier or another approved method. During the curing period, all traffic, both pedestrian and vehicular, shall be excluded. Do not remove side forms for at least 12 hours after placing concrete.
A. 
These specifications shall cover the construction of brick sidewalks. Either rigid brick paving or flexible brick paving shall be permitted.
B. 
Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
FLEXIBLE BASE
Compacted gravel or a damp, loose, sand-cement mixture tamped in place. Only flexible brick paving may be placed over this type of base.
FLEXIBLE BRICK PAVING
Brick units laid over the base material with no mortar below or between the units.
RIGID BASE DIAPHRAGM
A reinforced concrete slab on grade over a bed course. Rigid or flexible brick paving may be placed over this type of base.
RIGID BRICK PAVING
Brick units laid in a bed of mortar with mortar joints between the units.
C. 
Materials.
(1) 
Bed course material. Shall consist of approved gravel, crushed stone or crushed slag meeting the gradation requirements of § 703.2 of PennDOT Specifications, Form 408, or bed course shall consist of a dry mixture of sand or Portland cement. Sand shall meet the requirements of ASTM C 144 aggregate for masonry mortar. One part Portland cement shall be mixed with three to six parts damp, loose sand.
(2) 
Cushion material. Shall be sand, chat, pea gravel or stone screenings.
(3) 
Mortar. Shall be a Type M Portland cement and lime mortar for drymix or grout type mortar.
(4) 
Concrete base. Shall be Class A conforming to the requirements of § 704 of PennDOT Specifications, Form 408. Concrete mixes will be subject to inspection and tests at the mixing plants for compliance with quality requirements.
(5) 
Bricks. Shall be dense brick meeting or exceeding the requirements of ASTM Specification C62 or C216, grade SW, or shall meet or exceed the following physical properties:
(a) 
For extruded brick. Minimum average compressive strength of 8,000 psi, maximum average cold water absorption of 8% and maximum saturation coefficient of 0.78.
(b) 
For molded brick. Minimum average compressive strength of 4,500 psi, maximum average cold water absorption of 8% and maximum saturation coefficient of 0.78.
(6) 
Expansion joint filler (preformed). Shall conform to § 705 PennDOT Specifications, Form 408.
(7) 
All materials will be subject to inspection for acceptance as to condition at the latest practicable time that the Borough of Greencastle has the opportunity to check for compliance prior to or during incorporation of materials in the work.
D. 
Construction requirements.
(1) 
Subgrade preparation. The subgrade shall be constructed true to grade and shall be watered if required. All soft and yielding material shall be removed and replaced with suitable material. The subgrade shall be thoroughly compacted before placement of the bed course material.
(2) 
Bed course material. Shall be placed six inches in depth on the compacted subgrade and compacted.
(3) 
Concrete bases. Concrete bases shall conform to the specifications for cement concrete sidewalks within the Borough of Greencastle. If a mortar leveling bed is used to set the brick units on the concrete slab, the slab surface shall have a raked finish to facilitate a good bond. If noncementitous types of leveling beds or cushions are used, the surface need only be screeded.
(4) 
Cushion material. Shall be placed between the base and the pavers in a one or two inch layer and shall function as a leveling layer to help refine the finished grade. Cushion beds are required only under flexible brick paving.
(5) 
Setting bed. Shall be a mortar mix placed between the concrete base slab and the paving units. The bed shall be 1/2 inch to one inch thick.
(6) 
Placement of brick paving units. All brick sidewalks shall be installed to slope of minimum of 1/8 inch to the foot and a maximum of 1/4 inch to the foot toward the street.
(a) 
Rigid brick paving. Shall be set on a mortar setting bed with joints butted with mortar. All joints shall be full of a width between 3/8 inch to 1/2 inch. Joints shall be struck flush with the top face of the brick and/or tooled. An alternate method shall be to set the brick paving units on the mortar leveling bed with a 3/8 inch to 1/2 inch gap between the units. A grout mixture shall then be poured in the space between the units.
(b) 
Flexible brick paving. Shall be set on the cushion base and the joints shall be swept full with a dry sand or sand and cement mixture. In cases where the edge of the sidewalk does not abut a curb, building wall or retaining wall, an interior brick or concrete curb shall be constructed to prevent horizontal movement of the brick paving units. Brick curbs shall consist of brick soldier coursing set in concrete. Curbs shall be constructed prior to the placement of the paving units. In no case shall a brick curb be permitted along the street edge of the sidewalk.
(7) 
Expansion joints. Place 1/2 premolded, expansion joint material for the full depth of the sidewalk opposite expansion joints in adjacent curb, between the sidewalk and curb and between the sidewalk and rigid structures.
(8) 
Ramps for the handicapped. Construct at the corner of all blocks and where directed by the Borough of Greencastle.
Curbs, concrete sidewalks and brick sidewalks shall be deemed defective and require replacement upon the Borough's representative finding that:
A. 
The sidewalk, because of frost heave, root upheaval or settlement, has caused the sidewalk to separate one inch horizontally or vertically; or
B. 
The sidewalk slopes from the back toward the street at a rate greater than one inch per foot; or
C. 
The sidewalk does not match the grades of abutting properties; or
D. 
The sidewalk does not maintain a constant slope between the abutting property ends; or
E. 
The sidewalk does not properly drain and standing water becomes evident; or
F. 
The curb impedes on the proper drainage of the adjacent street; or
G. 
The curb or sidewalk, in the opinion of the Borough's representative, creates a hazardous condition to the general public.
Before any property owner shall construct, reconstruct or repair the sidewalk or curb in front of or along his property he shall obtain the line and grade therefor from the Borough Secretary or Borough Engineer. Before commencing such construction the property owner or his designated agent shall obtain a permit from the Borough Secretary, for which he shall pay a fee to the Borough of Greencastle in the amount of $5.