The off-street parking and off-street loading provisions of this chapter shall apply as follows:
A. 
Accessory off-street parking and off-street loading facilities shall be provided as required by the regulations of this article for all buildings and structures erected and all uses of land established in each district after the effective date of this chapter.
B. 
When the intensity of use of any building, structure, or premises shall be increased through the addition of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, or other units of measurement in the amount specified herein requiring parking or loading facilities, such additional parking and loading facilities as required herein shall be provided.
C. 
Whenever the existing use of a building or structure shall hereafter be changed to a new use, parking or loading facilities shall be provided as required for such new use. However, if said building or structure was erected prior to the July 27, 1966 effective date of this chapter, additional parking or loading facilities are mandatory only in the amount by which the requirements for the new use would exceed those for the existing use, if the latter were subject to the parking and loading provisions of this chapter.
Accessory off-street parking facilities in existence on the effective date of this chapter and located on the same lot as the building or use served shall not hereafter be reduced below, or if already less than shall not be further reduced below, the requirements for a similar new building or use under the provisions of this chapter.
Nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to prevent the voluntary establishment of off-street parking or loading facilities to serve any existing use of land or buildings, provided that all regulations herein governing the location, design, and operation of such facilities are adhered to.
For any conforming or nonconforming building or use which is in existence on the effective date of this chapter, which subsequently is damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion, or other cause, and which is reconstructed, reestablished, or repaired, additional off-street parking or loading facilities need not be provided, except that such parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained at the time of such damage or destruction shall be restored or continued in operation.
In some cases where parking facilities are permitted on land other than the lot on which the building or use served is located, such facilities shall be in the same possession as the lot occupied by the buildings or use to which the parking facilities are accessory. Such possession may be either by deed or long-term lease, the term of such lease to be determined by the County Board. The owner of the land on which the parking facilities are to be located shall be bound by covenants, filed on record in the Office of the Recorder of McLean County, requiring such owner, or his or her heirs and assigns, to maintain the required number of parking facilities for the duration of the use served or of said lease, whichever shall terminate sooner.
Off-street parking facilities for motor vehicles shall be provided in accordance with the following regulations:
A. 
Use. Accessory off-street parking facilities required for uses listed herein shall be solely for the parking of passenger automobiles of patrons, occupants, or employees. When bus transportation is provided, for patrons, occupants or employees of a specific establishment, additional open or enclosed off-street parking spaces for each bus to be parked on the premises shall be provided in accordance with regulations of §§ 350-65 and 350-66.
B. 
Computation. When determination of the number of off-street parking spaces required by this chapter results in a requirement of a fractional space, any fraction of 1/2 or less may be disregarded while a fraction in excess of 1/2 shall be counted as one parking space.
C. 
Collective provisions. Off-street parking facilities for separate uses may be provided collectively if the total number of spaces so provided is not less than the sum of the separate requirements for each use and provided that all regulations governing location of accessory parking spaces, in relation to the use served, are adhered to. Further, no parking spaces or portions thereof shall serve as a required space for more than one use unless otherwise authorized by the Zoning Board of Appeals.
D. 
In yards. Off-street parking spaces open to the sky may be located in any yard except in front yards and side yards adjoining a street in the A Agriculture District, R-1 Single-Family Residential District and the R-2 Two-Family Residential District.
E. 
Employee parking. Parking spaces required on an employee basis shall be based on the maximum number of employees on duty or residing, or both, on the premises at any one time.
F. 
Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be permitted in conjunction with any parking facilities. No gasoline or motor oil shall be sold in conjunction with any accessory parking facilities.
G. 
Accessible/Handicapped spaces. In addition to the requirements of Article II, § 350-19B, of this chapter, accessible/handicapped parking spaces shall be provided as required below or as amended per the current requirements of the Illinois Accessibility Code.
[Amended 6-18-2002]
Total Number of Off-Street Parking Spaces Required
Required Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces
1 to 25
1
26 to 50
2
51 to 75
3
76 to 100
4
101 to 150
5
151 to 200
6
201 to 300
7
301 to 400
8
401 to 500
9
501 to 1,000
2% of total number
Over 1,000
20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
(1) 
Parking space dimensions. Parking spaces shall be at least 20 feet in length and 16 feet in width, including an eight-foot-wide diagonally striped access aisle.
(2) 
Location. Accessible parking spaces serving a particular building shall be located on the shortest accessible route of travel from adjacent parking to an accessible entrance.
A. 
Open and enclosed parking spaces. Accessory parking spaces may be open to the sky or enclosed in a building, carport or structure.
B. 
Surfacing. All open off-street parking areas containing more than eight parking spaces shall be graded and paved with asphalt, concrete, or asphaltic concrete as approved by the County Engineer except in the following instances:
(1) 
Parking lots that are accessory to a special event as approved in accordance with the provisions of Article IX unless otherwise required by the Director of Building and Zoning or the County Board.
(2) 
Agricultural demonstrations and other not-for-profit activities.
C. 
Screening. In districts where transition belts are not required, all automobile parking areas containing more than eight parking spaces, located less than 40 feet from the nearest property line of a lot in an R-1 Single-Family Residential District or R-2 Two-Family Residential District or a lot containing a dwelling as a principal use, shall be effectively screened from such property line by a transition screen meeting the specifications of Article VII, § 350-52, of this chapter.
D. 
Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed away from residential properties in such a way as not to create a nuisance; and in a parking area containing four or more parking spaces, such lighting shall be extinguished 1/2 hour after the close of business except as may otherwise be permitted or required by the Zoning Board of Appeals for maintaining illumination with less candlepower after the time specified above.
E. 
Driveways. Each required off-street parking space shall open directly upon an aisle or driveway of such width and design as to provide safe and efficient means of vehicular access to such parking space. All off-street parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement. No driveway that crosses public property at the right-of-way line shall exceed a width of 25 feet in a residential district and 35 feet in commercial and industrial districts unless otherwise required by the County Engineer, applicable township road district commissioner, or the Illinois Department of Transportation.
F. 
Location. All parking spaces required to serve buildings or uses erected or established after the effective date of this chapter shall be located on the same lot as the building or use served. Buildings or uses existing on the effective date of this chapter which are subsequently altered or enlarged so as to require the provision of parking spaces under this chapter may be served by parking facilities located on other than the lot on which the building or use served is located, provided such facilities are within 300 feet walking distance of the main entrance of the use served.
G. 
Parking space dimensions. Required off-street parking spaces shall be at least nine feet in width and at least 20 feet in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns, or office or work areas. Enclosed parking spaces shall have a vertical clearance of at least seven feet.
The minimum number of off-street parking spaces required for uses allowed are provided in Schedule A and Schedule B below. Schedule A provides off-street parking requirements for land uses with a single type of activity, and Schedule B provides off-street parking requirements for land uses with multiple types of activities.
A. 
Schedule A.
[Amended 2-20-2001]
Land Use
Required Number of Parking Spaces
Residential Uses
Assisted living
1 for each 2 beds
Duplex
2 per dwelling unit
Group home
1 for each 2 beds
Group residential
1 for each 2 beds
Manufactured home — residential design
2 per dwelling unit
Manufactured home
2 per dwelling unit
Manufactured home park
Spaces required pursuant to § 350-43W
Mobile home
2 per dwelling unit
Modular home
2 per dwelling unit
Multifamily
1 1/2 per dwelling unit
Single-family, attached dwelling
2 per dwelling unit
Single-family, detached non-farm dwelling
1 per dwelling unit
[Amended 2-20-2001]
Single-family, underground dwelling
2 per dwelling unit
Single-family, zero-lot-line dwelling
2 per dwelling unit
Transitional living facility
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Commercial Uses
Adult entertainment establishment
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Agricultural processing
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Agricultural sales and service
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Animal care, general
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Animal care, limited
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Bank or financial institution
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Bar or tavern
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Bed-and-breakfast
2 plus 1 per 3 lodging rooms
Car wash
1 per 2 employees, plus 1 per owner or manager; and in addition, reservoir parking spaces to accommodate automobiles awaiting entrance to the car wash equal in number to 5 times the maximum capacity of the car wash. "Maximum capacity," in this instance, shall mean the greatest possible number of automobiles undergoing some phase of laundering at the same time.
Catering establishment
1 1/2 per employee
Child-care facility
1 per 2 beds
Child-care institution
1 per 2 beds
Construction sales and service
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Day-care center
1 per 2 beds
Day-care home
1 per 2 beds
Food store
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Greenhouse
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Health club
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Hotel or motel
1 per lodging room plus 1 per employee on largest shift
Institutional camp
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Kennel
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Manufactured home sales
Spaces required pursuant to Schedule B
Office, general
1 per 2 persons employed
Parking lot, commercial
None
Plant nursery
1 per employee plus additional parking for customers as determined by the Director of Building and Zoning
Racetracks
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Recreation and entertainment, indoor
Bowling Alley: 7 per lane plus such additional spaces as may be required herein for affiliated uses such as restaurants and the like
Theater: 1 per 6 seats up to 400 seats, plus 1 per 4 seats over 400
Other such use: 1 per 3 persons, based upon the maximum number of persons that can be accommodated at the same time in accordance with such design capacity, plus 1 per 2 employees
Recreation and entertainment, outdoor
1 per 2 employees plus an adequate number of spaces as determined by the Director of Building and Zoning to serve the visiting public
Repair service
1 per 400 square feet of floor area
Research service
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Restaurant, fast-food
1 per 3 persons based upon the maximum number of persons that can be accommodated at the same time in accordance with such design capacity
Restaurant, general
1 per 3 persons based upon the maximum number of persons that can be accommodated at the same time in accordance with such design capacity
Retail sales and service
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Service station, automotive
1 per employee, plus 2 per service stall
Service station, truck stop
1 per employee, plus 2 per service stall
Studio, radio, television, film, or music
1 per 300 square feet of floor area
Vehicle and equipment sales
1 per 400 square feet of floor area
Vehicle/Equipment storage yard
Spaces required pursuant to Schedule B
Vehicle paint and body shop
5 per service bay
Vehicle repair
5 per service bay
Warehouse, residential storage
1 per 5 storage bays; or 1 per 1,000 square feet, whichever produces more spaces
Public, Quasi-Public, and Institutional
Airport or airstrip
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Auditorium or stadium
1 per 4 seats; or 1 per 9 square feet of seating area
Camp, institutional
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Camp, recreational
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Cemetery, mausoleum or columbarium
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Church, chapel, temple or synagogue
1 per 2 persons employed on the premises and 1 per 4 seats; or 1 per 9 square feet of seating area
Club, private
1 per lodging room and 1 per 6 seats in accordance with maximum design seating capacity of the main meeting room
College or university
1 per 6 students, based upon the maximum number of students that can be accommodated in accordance with design capacity
Communication tower
None
Correctional facility
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Crematory
8 per chapel or parlor plus 1 per funeral vehicle maintained on the premises
Cultural service
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Funeral home
8 per chapel or parlor plus 1 per funeral vehicle maintained on the premises
Golf course
4 per hole plus spaces required for restaurant and bar area
Government service
1 per 300 square feet
Heliport or helipad
1 per heliport or helipad except when accessory to a hospital or other medical institution providing
Hospital
1 per bed for 100-bed hospital; 1.1 per bed for 101 to 300 beds; 1.2 per bed for 301 to 500 beds; and 1.3 per bed for over 500 beds
Library
1 per 800 square feet of floor area
Marina
1 per boat slip
Medical service
1 per 250 square feet of floor area
Military service
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Nursing home
1 per 2 beds
Parks and recreation area
1 per 2 employees plus spaces in adequate number as determined by the Director of Building and Zoning to serve the visiting public
Post office
1 per 300 square feet
Recreational vehicle park
1 per camping space plus 1 per 3 camping spaces for visitors
Safety service
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
School (elementary, middle, high)
Elementary or middle: 1 per faculty member and other employees
High: 1 per 4 students based on the maximum number of students that can be accommodated in accordance with such design capacity of the building
Shooting range
1 per 2 employees, plus spaces in adequate number as determined by the Director of Building and Zoning to serve the visiting public
Vocational school
1 per 2 employees, plus 1 per 5 students, based on the maximum number of students that can be accommodated in accordance with such design capacity
Manufacturing, Industrial and Extractive Uses
Asphalt or concrete plant
1 per employee
Basic industry
1 per employee
Contractors office and shop
[Amended 6-17-2008]
1 per employee in the warehouse area and
1 per 300 square feet in the office area
Fertilizer distribution plant
1 per employee
Food/Bakery product manufacturing
1 per employee
Freight terminal
1 per employee
Gas and fuel sales/storage
1 per employee
Hazardous operation
1 per employee
Integrated center
The number of parking spaces required shall be in accordance with the required spaces for each individual use
Landfill (if not a regional pollution control facility)
1 per employee
Landscape waste composting facility
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Laundry plant
1 per employee
Manufacturing and assembly
1 per employee
Mining or quarrying
1 per employee
Oil or gas drilling/refining
1 per employee
Printing and publishing
1 per employee
Salvage yard
1 per employee
Solid waste collection/processing (if not a regional pollution control facility)
1 per employee
Solid waste transfer station (if not a regional pollution control facility)
1 per employee
Stockyard
1 per employee
Transit facility
In accordance with requirements designated by the Director of Building and Zoning
Utility, major (if not regional pollution control facility)
Spaces provided pursuant to Schedule B
Utility, minor
None
Warehousing and wholesale
1 per employee employed on the premises and 1 for each vehicle maintained on the premises
Welding or machine shop
1 per 2 employees
Planned development
The number of parking spaces required shall be in accordance with the required spaces for each individual use
B. 
Schedule B.
Activity
Required Number of Parking Spaces
Office or administrative area
1 per 300 square feet
Indoor sales, service or display area
1 per 500 square feet
Outdoor sales, service or display area (3,000 square feet in area or less)
1 per 750 square feet
Outdoor sales, service or display area (over 3,000 square feet in area)
Motor vehicles and heavy equipment sales/storage: 1 per 2,000 square feet
Other sales/service/display: 1 per 1,000 square feet
Indoor storage, warehousing, equipment servicing or manufacturing area
1 per 1,000 square feet
Off-street loading spaces accessory to designated uses shall be provided as follows:
A. 
Location.
(1) 
All required loading spaces shall be located on the same lot as the use served. In districts where transition belts are not required, all motor vehicle loading spaces located less than 40 feet from the nearest property line of a lot in a residence district or a lot containing a dwelling as a principal use shall be effectively screened from such property line by a transition screen meeting the specifications of Article VII, § 350-52, of this chapter.
(2) 
No permitted or required loading space shall be located within 40 feet of the nearest point of intersection of any two streets. No loading space shall be located in a required front or side yard, and any loading space located in a required rear yard shall be open to the sky.
B. 
Loading space size. Unless otherwise specified, a required off-street loading space shall be at least 12 feet in width by at least 50 feet in length, exclusive of aisle and maneuvering space, and shall have a vertical clearance of at least 14 feet. The required size of loading berths for buildings in excess of 200,000 square feet shall be 12 feet by 50 feet for the following uses:
(1) 
Private clubs and hotels with retail shops, convention halls, exhibition halls, and business or professional offices, other than necessary;
(2) 
Auditoriums or stadiums;
(3) 
Hospitals;
(4) 
Institutions; and
(5) 
Nursing homes.
C. 
Access. Each required off-street loading space shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement.
D. 
Surfacing. All open off-street loading spaces shall be graded and paved with asphalt, concrete or asphaltic concrete as approved by the County Engineer.
E. 
Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be permitted in conjunction with loading facilities.
F. 
Utilization. Space allocated to any off-street loading space shall not, while so allocated, be used to satisfy the space requirements for any off-street parking facilities or portions thereof.
G. 
Minimum facilities. Uses for which off-street loading facilities are required but which are located in buildings of less floor area than the minimum prescribed for such required facilities, shall be provided with adequate receiving facilities. Receiving facilities shall be accessible by motor vehicle, off any adjacent alley, service drive, or open space on the same lot.
The minimum number of off-street loading spaces accessory to applicable uses shall be provided in accordance with the following:
A. 
Exemptions to off-street loading space requirements. The following uses shall be exempt from the off-street loading space requirements specified in Subsection B:
(1) 
Residential uses:
(a) 
Duplex.
(b) 
Group home.
(c) 
Group residential.
(d) 
Manufactured home-residential design.
(e) 
Manufactured home.
(f) 
Manufactured home park.
(g) 
Mobile home.
(h) 
Modular home.
(i) 
Single-family, attached dwelling.
(j) 
Single-family, detached farm dwelling.
(k) 
Single-family, detached non-farm dwelling.
(l) 
Single-family, underground dwelling.
(m) 
Single-family, zero-lot-line dwelling.
(2) 
Commercial uses:
(a) 
Bed-and-breakfast.
(b) 
Car wash.
(c) 
Parking lot, commercial.
(d) 
Warehouse, residential storage.
(3) 
Public, quasi-public, and institutional:
(a) 
Competitive communications tower unless the facility is checked with regularity, in which case off-street loading space shall be provided in accordance with Subsection B.
(4) 
Manufacturing, industrial and extractive uses:
(a) 
Landfill (if not a regional pollution control facility).
(b) 
Transit facility.
B. 
Off-street loading space requirements.
Land Use
Gross Floor Area of Business
(square feet)
Required Number of Loading Berths
One Additional Space Required for Each Additional
(square feet)
Residential Uses
Multifamily
10,000 to 200,000
1
200,000
Assisted living
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Commercial Uses
Bank or financial institution
10,000 to 100,000
1
Health club
0 to 100,000
1
100,000
Hotel (with retail shops, convention halls, auditoriums, exhibition halls, meeting halls and business or professional offices)
10,000 to 150,000
1
150,000
Motel
10,000 to 200,000
1
200,000
Office, general
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000 up to 500,000; and 500,000 in excess of 500,000
Recreation and entertainment, indoor
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Recreation and entertainment, outdoor
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Public, Quasi-Public and Institutional
Auditorium or stadium
10,000 to 150,000
1
150,000
Church, chapel, temple or synagogue
10,000 to 200,000
1
200,000
Club, private (with retail shops, convention halls, auditoriums, exhibition halls, meeting halls and business or professional offices, other than necessary)
10,000 to 150,000
1
150,000
Club, private (without retail shops, convention halls, auditoriums, exhibition halls, and business or professional offices, other than necessary)
10,000 to 200,000
1
200,000
Crematory or funeral home
8,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Institutional camp
N/A
1
Institution
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Hospital
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Marina
2,500 to 20,000
1
20,000
Medical service
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000 up to 500,000; and 500,000 in excess of 500,000
Nursing home
10,000 to 100,000
1
100,000
Vocational school
10,000 to 200,000
1
200,000
Manufacturing, Industrial and Extractive Uses
Manufacturing, industrial, and extractive uses
5,000 to 40,000
1
—
Manufacturing, industrial, and extractive uses
40,000 to 100,000
2
100,000
C. 
For planned manufacturing developments, loading spaces shall be provided on the basis of the required spaces for each individual use.
D. 
For all other uses not specified in Subsection A(1), loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the following:
Gross Floor Area of Establishment
(square feet)
Required Number of Loading Berths
Required Size of Loading Berths
(feet)
5,000 to 10,000
1
12 x 35
10,000 to 24,999
2
12 x 35
25,000 to 39,999
3
12 x 50
40,000 to 100,000
4
12 x 50
Each additional 200,000 over 100,000
1
12 x 50