The scheduling of work shall progress in an orderly fashion
so as to reduce the risks of injury to the general public, to avoid
contamination of various building materials, and to avoid damage to
existing or newly completed work. Site preparation shall include the
establishment of necessary staging areas and work yards, stakeout,
clearing and grubbing, removal of structures and obstructions, and
establishing erosion control precautions.
A. Tree removal.
(1) All trees within the street limits which are dead, hazardous, or
unsightly shall be removed. Trees which are to remain shall have their
branches pruned to provide a minimum sixteen-foot clearance over any
portion of the travel way, to provide sight distance at intersections
or sharp curves, or to remove any branches broken or injured during
construction.
(2) Felling of trees shall be conducted so as to not present any hazard
to private property, pedestrian, or vehicular traffic. Felled trees
are to be immediately removed from the proximity of any public roadway.
(3) Tree stumps are to be completely grubbed out or, alternately, may
be chipped to a depth of six inches below the finished surface where
specifically permitted. Chipped out stumps are to be backfilled with
approved materials.
B. Buildings and obstructions.
(1) Should the developer need to remove existing buildings, it shall
be done in accordance with local statute and in such a manner so as
not to present a hazard to the safety of the general public. He or
she shall prevent unauthorized entry by boarding up or otherwise blocking
all potential entrances.
(2) All old foundation walls shall be removed to the depth of the lowest
cellar floor. The contractor shall thoroughly backfill the cellars
to the satisfaction of the Village DPW Superintendent or Village Building
Inspector using approved materials and compaction practices.
(3) All tanks containing explosive gases or flammable liquids shall be
removed in accordance with the requirements of the local fire and
police officials and also in conformity with the following requirements.
Before the removal of any tank is commenced, it shall first be pumped
completely dry. Subsequent to excavation work but prior to actual
removal, the tank shall be purged by the introduction of either dry
ice at the rate of one pound per 60 gallons' capacity or by the discharge
of a standard fifteen-pound carbon dioxide fire extinguisher for each
900 gallons of tank capacity. Removal shall commence one-half (1/2)
hour later and continue diligently and expeditiously until complete.
The tank will immediately be removed to an approved disposal site
and completely collapsed and buried or so disassembled so as to leave
no pockets of explosive gases or delivered to authorized dealers or
responsible owners for salvage.
C. Erosion and sediment control.
(1) Temporary control provisions.
(a)
The temporary control provisions contained herein shall be coordinated
with the permanent erosion control and landscaping features of the
project to the extent practical to assure economical, effective, and
continuous erosion control throughout the construction and postconstruction
period.
(b)
The developer shall be responsible for the construction and
implementation of all soil erosion and sediment control measures that
are in accordance with New York standards and are necessary to minimize
damage to surface waters. Damage to adjacent properties and waterways
shall be minimized by stabilizing disturbed areas and by removing
sediment from construction site discharges. Insofar as is practical,
existing vegetation is to be preserved. Site preparation activities
shall be planned to minimize the area and duration of soil disruption.
Permanent traffic corridors shall be established and "routes of convenience"
shall be avoided. Construction equipment shall not cross streams or
ditches except at suitable crossing facilities.
(c)
Preventative measures shall be emphasized over rehabilitative
ones.
(d)
Storm drain inlets shall be suitably protected from sediment
buildup. Grates shall be wrapped with an approved filter fabric and
protected with a six-inch layer of Item 605.0901, Underdrain Filter,
Type 1. Pipe openings shall have their end sections attached at the
time of pipe installation and shall be protected with an approved
filter fence staked two feet to three feet from the opening.
(e)
Whenever the discharge from dewatering operations cannot be
directed over paved or well-vegetated areas, temporary ditches shall
be cut to convey the flow to temporary shallow sediment basins. Should
the area consist of clay-type soils, then a series of filter fabric
fences shall be installed prior to the discharge area and shall span
the entire cross section of peak flow.
(f)
In all cases where sediment control measures are employed, they
shall be so arranged that the failure of one element of the system
will not pose an imminent danger to any surface waters off the site.
(g)
In the event side slope areas greater than 10 feet in height
or greater than 15% cross slope or large runoff areas are immediately
uphill, then top-of-cut interceptor ditches shall be employed in the
drainage plan.
(2) Stockpiled materials.
(a)
Topsoil and fill materials are to be stockpiled in such a fashion
that they do not interfere with drainage needs or the safe and efficient
movement of traffic. Stockpiles which are to remain on site for fewer
than 30 days are to have a well-anchored and suitably maintained hay
bale berm or fabric fence.
(b)
Stockpiles which are to remain longer than 30 days shall be
stabilized by seeding. Stockpiles shall be suitably graded, fertilized
using 5-10-5 at the rate of two pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square
feet, and seeded using annual ryegrass at the rate of one pound pure
live seed per 1000 square feet. Unrotted salt hay shall be spread
at the rate of 80 pounds per 1000 square feet with an approved liquid
mulch anchor.
(c)
The scheduling of earth cuts and subsequent seeding and mulching
shall be such that soil erosion will be minimal. The additional use
of check dams, crowning, compaction, berms, dikes, straw bale filters,
netting, fabric silt fences, settling basins and/or brush barriers
for temporary erosion control on any portion of the project shall
be on an as-needed basis consistent with good construction procedures.
D. Dust control. Dust generated by, or as a result of, construction
activities shall be so controlled as not to cause a nuisance or health
hazard to the public or those engaged in the work. Corridors for the
routing of traffic, staging areas or work yards and developer-controlled
mining operations shall be wetted with water to control dust as necessary
and as ordered by the Village DPW Superintendent. Calcium chloride,
when used as a dust palliative, shall be applied to a wetted surface,
a reasonable distance from blacktop, as ordered by the DPW Superintendent.
E. Excavation and embankment.
(1) Prior to the placing of subbase material, the roadbed shall be thoroughly
prepared, shaped, and compacted. No earthwork activities involving
compaction shall be performed from November 1 through April 1, unless
authorized by the DPW Superintendent in cases of favorable weather.
(2) Subsequent to the clearing and grubbing operation, the developer
shall remove all sod, topsoil or other organic material where the
final pavement grade shall be less than six feet above the existing
ground surface. Prior to embankment construction or subbase course
placement, the surface upon which the embankment or subbase is to
be placed shall be thoroughly compacted.
(3) Where embankments are to be constructed on hillsides or against existing
embankments with slopes steeper than one vertical on three horizontal,
the slopes shall be benched.
(4) Where old pavement is encountered within two feet of the top of the
subbase course, it shall be thoroughly broken up or scarified.
(5) Prior to embankment or road cut operations, necessary ditching and
drainage facilities shall be installed. The sequencing of drainage
and earthwork activities shall be such that adequate surface and subsurface
drainage is available at all times. If it is necessary to interrupt
existing drainage features, then temporary drainage facilities shall
be maintained until the permanent drainage is complete.
(6) Cut and fill operations are to progress in such a manner so as to
reflect the cross sectional features of the finished pavement such
as crowning and super elevation with each lift. Embankments are to
be constructed of mineral (inorganic) soil, blasted or broken rock,
and similar materials of natural or man-made origin. Any material
containing vegetable or organic matter, such as muck, peat, organic
silt, topsoil or sod is not suitable for use in embankment construction.
(7) Subgrade area material shall consist of any suitable material having
no particles greater than six inches in maximum dimension. Well-graded
rock may also be used. Particles shall not exceed 12 inches in greatest
dimension nor 2/3 of the loose lift thickness, whichever is less.
(8) Embankment material shall be placed and spread in lifts of uniform
thickness and thoroughly and uniformly compacted. Earth-moving equipment
shall be routed as evenly as possible over the entire width of embankments.
Each lift is to be constructed to its full width prior to the next
lift. End dumping of any material over side slopes is strictly prohibited.
(9) The type and weight of compaction equipment will be such that proper
compaction will be attained. Standard proctor density shall not be
less than 90%. No observable weaving or rutting shall be observed
under the action of the compactor on the final pass of a lift. Use
of geotextile may be required.
(10)
Should the Village DPW Superintendent determine that density
tests are required, the developer shall provide any assistance requested
to facilitate the tests at no expense to the public.
Work under this section shall consist of the application of
bituminous asphalt pavement courses in reasonable conformity to the
lines, grades and thicknesses as shown by the typical sections or
as specified by the Superintendent of Public Works (Superintendent).
Bituminous courses shall consist of: a) either a hot, plant-mixed,
asphalt concrete base course; or, optionally, a cold, pugmill-mixed,
base course of the type herein specified or as approved by the Superintendent;
and b) a hot, plant-mixed, asphalt concrete wearing course as provided
by the standard highway typical sections.
A. Base course.
(1) Hot, plant-mixed asphalt concrete base course shall be used to construct
a base pavement course in conformance with Section 403 of the New
York State Department of Transportation "Standard Specifications,
Construction and Materials" of January 8, 2009.
(a)
403.138902 hot mix asphalt, Type 3 binder course:
|
Item 304.14 — Subbase Course, Type 4
|
---|
|
Sieve Size
|
Percent Passing By Weight
|
Tolerance
(percent)
|
---|
|
1 1/2 inches
|
100
|
|
|
1 inch
|
95 to 100
|
|
|
1/2 inch
|
70 to 90
|
±6
|
|
1/4 inch
|
48 to 74
|
±7
|
|
1/8 inch
|
32 to 62
|
±7
|
|
No. 20
|
15 to 39
|
±7
|
|
No. 40
|
8 to 27
|
±7
|
|
No. 80
|
4 to 16
|
±4
|
|
No. 200
|
2 to 8
|
±2
|
|
PGB content % (2)
|
4.5 to 6.5
|
0.4
|
|
Mixing and (5) placing temp. range, °F: 250 to 325
|
(b)
The HMA plant mix will generally be composed of a mixture of
aggregate, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), filler if required, and
PG Binder. For any HMA required by the plans or approved site plan,
formulate a job mix formula that satisfies the general limits imposed
by the table above. In addition, the formula will state the mineral
aggregate sources, and the PG binder used in the mixture. The aggregate
tolerances shall be based on the total weight of the aggregate and
the bituminous material tolerances shall be based on total weight
of the mix. For additional requirements, refer to Section 403 of the
NYSDOT Specifications.
(2) The base course may alternatively be constructed using a cold, pugmill-type
asphalt concrete base course conforming with Section 405 of the New
York State Department of Transportation "Standard Specifications,
Construction and Materials" of January 8, 2009, and addenda. The cold-mix
base course may be either Type 3 or Type 4 as described herein, or
an equivalent as approved by the Superintendent of Public Works.
(a)
405.01 cold mix bituminous pavement (open graded):
|
Type 3 Mix
Composition
|
Type 4 Mix
Composition
|
---|
|
Sieve Size
|
|
Percent Passing By Weight
|
Tolerance
(percent)
|
---|
|
1 1/2 inches
|
2/3 - #2's
|
100
|
|
|
1 inch
|
1/3 - #1's
|
95 to 100
|
|
|
1/2 inch
|
|
70 to 90
|
±6
|
|
1/4 inch
|
|
48 to 74
|
±7
|
|
1/8 inch
|
|
32 to 62
|
±7
|
|
No. 20
|
|
10 to 40
|
±7
|
|
No. 40
|
|
5 to 22
|
±7
|
|
No. 80
|
|
1 to 7
|
±4
|
|
No. 200
|
|
0 to 3
|
±2
|
|
PGB content % (2)
|
(4)
2.8 to 4.2
|
(5)
3.0 to 5.0
|
0.4
|
|
Typical uses
|
Open graded intermediate
|
Dense graded intermediate
|
|
|
NOTES:
|
|
1.
|
Percentage based on total aggregate weight.
|
|
2.
|
Total emulsion percentage based on total mix weight.
|
|
3.
|
Asphalt emulsion conforming to HFMS-2; the proportion of asphalt
emulsion that shall be mixed with the (uncompacted) granular material
will range between 16 gallons and 19 gallons per cubic yard loose
measure.
|
|
4.
|
Asphalt emulsion HFMS-2, HFMS-2, HFMS-2C, HFMS-2CA, CMS-2
|
|
5.
|
Asphalt emulsion HFMS-2GH. See Table CBM-2.
|
|
6.
|
Course aggregates (retained on the =1/8 screen) shall consist
of approved crushed stone or crushed gravel conforming to the requirement
of NYSDOT Section 703-02, Course Aggregates, except for gradation.
|
(b)
Fine aggregates shall consist of material conforming to the
requirements of NYSDOT Section 703-01, Fine Aggregates. In addition,
the fine aggregate, including blended fine aggregate, used in all
top courses shall have a florida bearing value of not less than 45.
Test procedures for determining the florida bearing value are available
from the NYSDOT Materials Bureau.
(3) Placement.
(a)
The asphalt concrete hot-mix foundation shall be placed and
rolled to a compacted thickness of three inches for residential streets
and four inches for commercial streets. Cold-mix thickness requirements
shall be four inches for residential streets and five inches for commercial
streets. The mixture shall not be laid on a frozen or wet surface.
Before laying the asphalt concrete foundation, the average subbase
surface temperature, taken at three separate locations at least 25
feet apart, shall be at least 40° F. Either course may be laid
in a single lift with the written approval of the Superintendent.
For additional requirements, refer to Section 403 of the NYSDOT Specifications.
(b)
Upon completion of the placement of the base course, core samples
shall be taken to verify the depth of materials placed. Location and
number of core samples shall be as determined by the Superintendent.
Cost for the core samples and reports shall be borne by the owner/developer.
(c)
After acceptance of the base course by the Superintendent, placement
of wearing surface shall commence after adequate time for any settlement
to occur, but not longer than one year from acceptance. In no event
shall the wearing surface be placed prior to the base course being
exposed for the period from November to April, without the expressed
written consent of the Superintendent.
(d)
All frames, grates, valve boxes and manholes shall be constructed
at an elevation equal to the finish surface elevation of the base
course material. Prior to placement of the wearing surface, frames,
grates, valve boxes and manholes shall be raised to the final surface
elevation of the wearing course in accordance with the standard highway
cross section details.
(e)
Prior to the placement of the wearing course, the top surface
of the base course shall be swept and cleaned with a street sweeper,
and all joints, settlements and cracks filled with wearing surface
material, compacted, and approved by the Superintendent.
B. Wearing course.
(1) Hot, plant-mixed, asphalt concrete shall be used to construct wearing
courses in conformance with Section 403 of the NYSDOT "Standard Specifications,
Construction and Materials," of January 8, 2009, and all addenda.
|
403.178902 Hot Mix Asphalt Type 6 Top Course
|
---|
|
Sieve Size
|
Percent Passing By Weight
|
Tolerance
(percent)
|
---|
|
1 inch
|
100
|
|
|
1/2 inch
|
90 to 100
|
±6
|
|
1/4 inch
|
65 to 85
|
±7
|
|
1/8 inch
|
36 to 65
|
±7
|
|
No. 20
|
15 to 39
|
±7
|
|
No. 40
|
8 to 27
|
±7
|
|
No. 80
|
4 to 16
|
±4
|
|
No. 200
|
3 to 6
|
±2
|
|
PGB content % (2)
|
5.8 to 7.0
|
0.4
|
|
Mixing and (5) placing temp. range, °F: 250 to 325
|
(2) The HMA plant mix will generally be composed of a mixture of aggregate,
reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), filler if required, and PG binder.
For any HMA required by the plans or approved site plan, formulate
a job mix formula that satisfies the general limits imposed by the
table above. In addition, the formula will state the mineral aggregate
sources, and the PG binder used in the mixture. The aggregate tolerances
shall be based on the total weight of the aggregate and the bituminous
material tolerances shall be based on total weight of the mix. For
additional requirements, refer to Section 403 of the NYSDOT Specifications.
C. Placement.
(1) The asphalt concrete wearing course widths and thicknesses shall
be in accordance with the standard highway cross section details. These mixtures shall not be laid on a frozen or wet surface.
Before laying the asphalt concrete foundation, the average subbase
surface temperature taken at three separate locations at least 25
feet apart shall be:
|
Compact Lift Thickness
|
Minimum Surface Temperature
|
---|
|
1 inch or less
|
50°F
|
|
Between 1 inch and 3 inches
|
45°F
|
|
3 inches or greater
|
40°F
|
(2) Courses of up to three inches in thickness may be laid in a single
lift, with the written approval of the Superintendent. For additional
requirements, refer to Section 403 of the NYSDOT Specifications.
D. Bituminous pavers.
(1) The outside (pavement edge) of the screed or strike-off assembly
shall be modified to extrude pavement asphalt to the shape detailed
by the Town typical cross section, monolithically forming a mountable curb edge with each
pavement course.
(2) A minimum one-ton static-steel wheeled roller shall be used to obtain
satisfactory compaction at the curb's edge.
(3) Asphalt concrete may not be hauled in excess of 35 miles from the
source of supply to the project, without written permission of the
Superintendent.
(4) Asphalt concrete pavers on the project shall have electronically
controlled leveling devices.
(5) The laying of pavement on the project shall be started at the end
farthest from the source of supply of asphalt concrete and shall progress
toward the source of supply.