[CC 1988 §28-83; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
Purpose. The purpose of this Article is:
1. 
To protect the public potable water supply system from contamination by containing within the consumer's internal distribution system contaminants which could backflow through the service connection into the public water supply system.
2. 
To promote the elimination, containment, isolation or control of existing cross-connections between the public or consumer's potable water system and non-potable water systems, plumbing fixtures, and industrial-process systems.
3. 
To provide for the maintenance of a continuing program of cross-connection control which will prevent the contamination of the potable water system.
B. 
Application. This Article shall apply to all premises served by the City of De Soto's public potable water system. The provisions of this Article shall prevail over any inconsistent or contrary provisions of the De Soto Code.
C. 
Policy. This Article will be reasonably interpreted by the City. It is the City's intent to recognize the varying degrees of hazard and to apply the principle that the degree of protection shall be commensurate with the degree of hazard.
The City is responsible for protection of the public water distribution system from contamination or pollution due to backflow or contaminants through the water service connection. The cooperation of all consumers is required to implement and maintain the program to control cross-connections. The City and consumer are jointly responsible for preventing contamination of the water system.
If, in the judgment of the City, cross-connection protection is required through either piping modification or installation of an approved backflow prevention device, appropriate notice shall be given to the consumer. The consumer shall comply by providing the required protection at his/her own expense. Failure, refusal or inability to provide such protection shall constitute grounds for discontinuing water service to the premises until such protection has been provided.
[CC 1988 §28-84; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
The following definitions shall apply in the interpretation and enforcement of this Article:
AIR-GAP SEPARATION
The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the overflow level rim of the receptacle, and shall be at least double the diameter of the supply pipe measured vertically above the flood level rim of the vessel, but in no case less than one (1) inch.
AUXILIARY WATER SUPPLY
Any water source or system, other than the public water supply, that may be available in the building or premises.
BACKFLOW
The flow, other than the intended direction of flow, of any foreign liquids, gases or substances into the distribution system of a public water supply.
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE
Any device, method or type of construction intended to prevent backflow into a potable water system.
CITY
The City of De Soto or individual in responsible charge of the public water system.
CONSUMER
The owner or person in control of any premises supplied by or in any manner connected to a public water system.
CONTAINMENT
Protection of the public water supply by installing a cross-connection control device or air-gap separation of the main service line to a facility.
CONTAMINATION
An impairment of the quality of the water by sewage, process fluids or other wastes to a degree which could create an actual hazard to the public health through poisoning or through spread of disease by exposure.
CROSS-CONNECTION
Any physical link between a potable water supply and any other substance, fluid or source which makes possible contamination of the potable water supply due to the reversal of flow of the water in the piping or distribution system.
HAZARD, DEGREE OF
An evaluation of the potential risk to public health and the adverse effect of the hazard upon the potable water system.
1. 
HAZARD, HEALTHAny condition, device or practice in the water supply system and its operation which could create or may create a danger to the health and well-being of the water consumer.
2. 
HAZARD, PLUMBINGA plumbing type cross-connection in a consumer's potable water system that has not been properly protected by a vacuum breaker, air-gap separation or backflow prevention device.
3. 
HAZARD, POLLUTIONALAn actual or potential threat to the physical properties of the water system or to the potability of the public or the consumer's potable water system but which would constitute a nuisance or be aesthetically objectionable or could cause damage to the system or its appurtenances, but would not be dangerous to health.
4. 
HAZARD, SYSTEMAn actual or potential threat of severe damage to the physical properties of the public potable water system or the consumer's potable water system, or of a pollution or contamination which would have a protracted effect on the quality of the potable water in the system.
INDUSTRIAL PROCESS SYSTEM
Any system containing a fluid or solution which may be chemically, biologically, or otherwise contaminated or polluted in a form or concentration such as would constitute a health, system, pollutional or plumbing hazard if introduced into a potable water supply.
ISOLATION
Protection of a facility service line by installing a cross-connection control device or air-gap separation on an individual fixture, appurtenance or system.
POLLUTION
Such contamination or other alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of any waters of the state, including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity, or odor of the waters, or such discharge of any liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive, or other substance into any waters of the state as will or is reasonably certain to create a nuisance or render such waters harmful, detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or other legitimate beneficial uses, or to wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life.
PUBLIC POTABLE WATER SYSTEM
Any publicly or privately owned water system supplying water to the general public which is satisfactory for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes and meets the requirements of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
SERVICE CONNECTION
The terminal end of a service line from the public water system. If a meter is installed at the end of the service, then the service connection means the downstream end of the meter.
[CC 1988 §28-85; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
No water service connection shall be installed or maintained to any premises where actual or potential cross-connections to the public potable or consumer's water system may exist unless such actual or potential cross-connections are abated or controlled to the satisfaction of the City and as required by the laws and regulations of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
B. 
No connection shall be installed or maintained whereby an auxiliary water supply may enter a public potable or consumer's water system unless such auxiliary water supply and method of connection and use of such supply shall have been approved by the City and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
C. 
No water service connection shall be installed or maintained to any premises in which the plumbing system, facilities and fixtures have not been constructed and installed using acceptable plumbing practices considered by the City as necessary for the protection of health and safety.
[CC 1988 §28-86; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
The consumer's premises shall be open at all reasonable times to the Water and Sewer Superintendent, or his/her authorized representative, for the purpose of surveys and investigations of water use practices within the consumer's premises to determine whether there are actual or potential cross-connections to the consumer's water system through which contaminants could backflow into the public water system.
B. 
On request by the Water and Sewer Superintendent or his/her authorized representative, the consumer shall furnish information on water use practices within his/her premises.
C. 
It shall be the responsibility of the water consumer to conduct periodic surveys of water use practices on his/her premises to determine whether there are actual or potential cross-connections to his/her water system through which contaminants could backflow into the public water system.
[CC 1988 §28-87; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
The type of protection required by this Article shall depend on the degree of hazard which exists, as follows:
1. 
An approved air-gap separation shall be installed where the public potable water system may be contaminated with substances that could cause a severe health hazard.
2. 
An approved air-gap separation or an approved reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device shall be installed where the public water system may be contaminated with a substance that could cause a system or health hazard.
3. 
An approved air-gap separation or an approved reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device or an approved double-check valve assembly shall be installed where the public potable water system may be polluted with substances that could cause a pollutional hazard not dangerous to health.
[CC 1988 §28-88; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
An approved backflow prevention device shall be installed on each service line to a consumer's water system serving premises where, in the judgment of the City or the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, actual or potential hazards to the public potable water system exist. The type and degree of protection required shall be commensurate with the degree of hazard.
B. 
An approved air-gap separation or reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device shall be installed at the service connection or within any premises where, in the judgment of the City or the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, the nature and extent of activities on the premises, or the materials used in connection with the activities or materials stored on the premises, would present an immediate and dangerous hazard to health should a cross-connection occur, even though such cross-connection may not exist at the time the backflow prevention device is required to be installed. This includes, but is not limited to, the following situations:
1. 
Premises having an auxiliary water supply, unless the quality of the auxiliary supply is acceptable to the City and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
2. 
Premises having internal cross-connections that are not correctable, or intricate plumbing arrangements which make it impractical to ascertain whether or not cross-connections exist.
3. 
Premises where entry is restricted so that inspection for cross-connections cannot be made with sufficient frequency or at sufficiently short notice to assure that cross-connections do not exist.
4. 
Premises having a repeated history of cross-connections being established or re-established.
5. 
Premises, which due to the nature of the enterprise therein, are subject to recurring modification or expansion.
6. 
Premises on which any substance is handled under pressure so as to permit entry into the public water supply, or where a cross-connection could reasonably be expected to occur. This shall include the handling of process waters and cooling waters.
7. 
Premises where materials of a toxic or hazardous nature are handled such that if backsiphonage or backpressure should occur, a serious health hazard may result.
C. 
The following types of facilities fall into one (1) or more of the categories of premises where an approved air-gap separation or reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device is required by the City and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. This device is required to protect the public water supply and must be installed at these facilities unless all hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions have been eliminated or corrected to the satisfaction of the City and Missouri Department of Natural Resources:
1. 
Aircraft and missile plants.
2. 
Automotive plants.
3. 
Auxiliary water systems.
4. 
Beverage bottling plants.
5. 
Canneries, packing houses and reduction plants.
6. 
Car washing facilities.
7. 
Chemical manufacturing, processing, compounding or treatment plants.
8. 
Film laboratories.
9. 
Fire protection systems.
10. 
Hazardous waste storage and disposal sites.
11. 
Hospitals, mortuaries, clinics.
12. 
Irrigation and sprinkler systems.
13. 
Laundries and dye works.
14. 
Metal manufacturing, cleaning, processing and fabricating plants.
15. 
Oil and gas production, storage or transmission properties.
16. 
Paper and paper products plants.
17. 
Plating plants.
18. 
Power plants.
19. 
Printing and publishing facilities.
20. 
Radioactive material processing plants or nuclear reactors.
21. 
Research and analytical laboratories.
22. 
Rubber plants, natural and synthetic.
23. 
Sewage and storm drainage facilities — pump stations.
24. 
Waterfront facilities and industries.
[CC 1988 §28-89; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
Any backflow prevention device required by this Article shall be of a model or construction approved by the City and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
1. 
Air-gap separation to be approved shall be at least twice the diameter of the supply pipe, measured vertically above the top rim of the vessel, but in no case less than one (1) inch.
2. 
A double-check valve assembly or a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device shall be approved by the City and shall appear on the current "list of approved backflow prevention devices" established by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.
B. 
Existing backflow prevention devices approved by the City at the time of installation and properly maintained shall, except for inspection and maintenance requirements, be excluded from the requirements of this Article so long as the City is assured that they will satisfactorily protect the water system. Whenever the existing device is moved from its present location, or requires more than minimum maintenance, or when the City finds that the maintenance constitutes a hazard to health, the unit shall be replaced by a backflow prevention device meeting the requirements of this Article.
[CC 1988 §28-90; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
Backflow prevention devices required by this Article shall be installed at a location and in a manner approved by the City and shall be installed at the expense of the water consumer.
B. 
Backflow prevention devices installed on the service line to the consumer's water system shall be located on the consumer's side of the water meter, as close to the meter as is reasonably practical, and prior to any other connection.
C. 
Backflow prevention devices shall be located so as to be readily accessible for maintenance and testing, protected from freezing, and where no part of the device will be submerged or subject to flooding by any fluid.
[CC 1988 §28-91; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
It shall be the duty of the consumer at any premises on which backflow prevention devices required by this Article are installed to have inspection, tests and overhauls made in accordance with the following schedule or more often where inspections indicate a need.
1. 
Air-gap separations shall be inspected at the time of installation and at least every twelve (12) months thereafter.
2. 
Double-check valve assemblies shall be inspected and tested for tightness at the time of installation and at least every twelve (12) months thereafter. They shall be dismantled, inspected internally, cleaned and repaired whenever needed and at least every thirty (30) months.
3. 
Reduced pressure principle backflow prevention devices shall be inspected and tested for tightness at the time of installation and at least every twelve (12) months thereafter. They shall be dismantled, inspected internally, cleaned and repaired whenever needed and at least every five (5) years.
B. 
Inspections, tests and overhauls of backflow prevention devices shall be made at the expense of the water consumer and shall be performed by a State of Missouri certified backflow prevention device tester.
C. 
Whenever backflow prevention devices required by this Article are found to be defective, they shall be repaired or replaced without delay.
D. 
The water consumer must maintain a complete record of each backflow prevention device from purchase to retirement. This shall include a comprehensive listing that includes a record of all tests, inspections and repairs. Records of inspections, tests, repairs and overhauls shall be made available to the City upon request.
E. 
Backflow prevention devices shall not be bypassed, made inoperative, removed, or otherwise made ineffective without specific authorization by the City.
[CC 1988 §28-92; Ord. No. 2871 §1, 2-1-1988]
A. 
The City shall deny or discontinue, after reasonable notice to the occupants thereof, the water service to any premises wherein any backflow prevention device required by this Article is not installed, tested and maintained in a manner acceptable to the City, or if it is found that the backflow prevention device has been removed or bypassed, or if an unprotected cross-connection exists on the premises.
B. 
Water service to such premises shall not be restored until the consumer has corrected or eliminated such conditions or defects in conformance with this Article to the satisfaction of the City.