Town of Monroe, NY Chapter A63 Road Specifications for Town Roads

[HISTORY: Adopted by the Town Board of the Town of Monroe 9-12-2013 by L.L. No. 2-2013. Amendments noted where applicable.]

GENERAL REFERENCES

Streets and sidewalks — See Ch. 43.

Vehicles and traffic — See Ch. 51.

Zoning — See Ch. 57.

Subdivision of land regulations — See Ch. A65.

§ A63-1 Determination; repealer; title.

A. The Town Board of the Town of Monroe has determined that the existing street specifications are outdated in light of the current accepted construction standards and the need to provide better roads for the Monroe community. To that end, the Town Board has caused this chapter to be prepared in an effort to upgrade the requirements for the construction of and/or modification of both public and private roads within the Town of Monroe. This chapter recognizes the need for greater engineering involvement in the design and construction of roads, performance of work within existing Town roads, the need for flexibility in performance and maintenance security and the importance of clear and updated cross section details, catch basin details, sidewalk and curb details, and other details of public improvement construction.

B. In furtherance of the proposed chapter, the Town Board does hereby repeal existing Chapter A63 of the Code entitled "Highway Specifications" and does hereby designate the Chapter A63 as set forth in this local law[1] to be known as "Road Specifications for Town roads."

[1] Editor's Note: "This local law" refers to L.L. No. 2-2013, adopted 9-12-2013.

§ A63-2 Purpose; applicability.

A. It is the purpose of these specifications to establish minimum acceptable standards for roads and road construction within the Town of Monroe to conform to legal requirements in the State of New York, which requirements and standards must be met and paid for by the offeror proposing that the Town take over such road as a Town road. Herein, wherever reference is made to the term "offeror," the same shall be understood to mean the person, persons, developer, firm or other entity proposing that the Town take over such road as a Town road. These specifications include but are not limited to width, design, drainage, construction of base and pavement, curbs, sidewalks and monuments.

B. Dedication of the right-of-way will not be accepted until the offeror's professional engineer and/or licensed land surveyor shall have provided all necessary as-builts and other documentation and certified to the Town Board, in writing, that the construction of the road and related work have been completed in accordance with the approved plans and specifications that follow and that the total right-of-way area has been cleared of all debris and all construction has been completed in a workmanlike manner; and the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town shall have reviewed the completed work and recommended acceptance of such dedication. When new road rights-of-way are offered to the Town for dedication, four copies of the final as-built plan and deed description of the right-of-way, plus electronic copies as deemed required by the Town, shall be submitted to the Town for approval.

C. In his written certification as required above, the offeror's professional engineer or qualified licensed land surveyor shall state clearly that he or his authorized representative has inspected all phases of the road construction and that all work has been completed in accordance with the approved plans and these specifications.

D. These specifications are also intended to establish a standard for all work to be performed upon existing Town roads or within Town rights-of-way, easements and rights-of-way. Such work shall also be certified as to acceptable completion, as applicable. In such cases the terms "developer" or "contractor" may be substituted for the term "offerer".

E. These specifications are also intended to establish minimum standards for other roadways intended for travel by the general public, emergency vehicles, delivery vehicles and the like, with such roadways intended to remain private in nature, and not dedicated to the Town. Such roads will be known as private roads. Private roads are intended to serve as access to single-family and two-family residential dwellings. Accessways which serve to provide access to multifamily residential complexes and commercial developments shall be constructed to standards equivalent to a Town road (classification as deemed appropriate by Town), but shall remain privately owned unless otherwise accepted by the Town Board for dedication.

F. All proposed Town roads, private roads and other road accessways intended for public access shall have a road plan submitted for review to the applicable board or official within the Town of Monroe for approval before construction.

G. These specifications are also intended to prohibit or control activities within the Town, roads and rights-of-way which may be deemed deleterious to the Town's improvements or future development, or deemed a potential hazard in the sole opinion of the Town and its designated representatives.

H. For projects requiring approval from the Planning Board or other boards, departments or agencies, these specifications shall be applicable unless the subdivision or other plans shall have received all necessary stamps of approval and shall have been filed/recorded at the Office of the County Clerk.

§ A63-3 Road plan.

A. A plan of the proposed road shall be prepared by a qualified professional engineer and/or qualified land surveyor, licensed by the State of New York for such design functions. The plan shall clearly define the limits of the proposed right-of-way by metes and bounds and shall include the location, widths, profiles and grades of the proposed roadway, storm drainage, including culverts, and other drainage structures and the location of all easements and utilities. For privately owned roads, any applicable access rights-of-way, easements or other rights for ingress and egress shall be suitably shown and supporting documentation submitted.

B. The plan shall also indicate the owner of the property and the name of the developer, if other than the owner. Two copies each of the plan shall be submitted to Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town at the time of application to make such road a Town road and to the County Commissioner of Public Works or his designated representative when said proposed street drains toward, intersects with or may otherwise affect a county highway. If applicable, it will concurrently be submitted to the Town Planning Board for review and approval under the applicable subdivision or site plan regulations of the Town. Such roadway must not be subject to any right or easement in others which will in any way interfere with its use as a road at all times. If intended for dedication, such road must be conveyed to the Town by a deed in recordable form acceptable to the Town Attorney, containing a metes and bounds description, together with recording fees payable to the Orange County Clerk, accompanied by such evidence of title indicating that title is vested in the Town free and clear of any liens and encumbrances, including, where required, a policy of title insurance.

C. Permanent and temporary easements must be furnished in said deed granting to the Town (or in the case of privately owned roads, the HOA or other responsible party) the right to maintain all outlets for surface water or natural stream drainage which will run from such roadway over private property to a point where a natural watercourse exists and to which such outlet and easement will carry such water. In general, a minimum width of 20 feet of easement shall be required for the maintenance of said easements, unless impractical.

D. The proposed roadway must be constructed to conform to the minimum requirements and standards set forth below and per applicable details. The minimum width to be cleared shall include all trees, rock formations, buildings, walls and any such things that would endanger those using such roadway. The removal of such obstructions shall be borne by the offeror proposing such road.

E. In general, all materials and methods of construction required for construction of Town roads shall be in accordance with the Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials, published by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), Design and Construction Division, latest revision.

§ A63-4 (Reserved)

§ A63-5 Alteration of approved plans.

Plans submitted shall not be altered or amended after having been approved by the Town Board, Town Planning Board, Town Highway Superintendent and/or the Engineer for the Town unless amended plans are resubmitted and reapproved by the entity or entities that previously approved the plans, unless the changes are deemed acceptable field changes by the board or official that previously approved such plans. However, the offeror, at his own expense, shall provide additional storm drainage facilities, utilities and/or other miscellaneous work as may be ordered by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town if, during the course of construction, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent, the Engineer for the Town and/or the County Commissioner of Public Works, such additional structures or facilities are necessary to prevent any need for future installations of utilities or culverts within the pavement area and to ensure the durability of pavement, future maintenance of the right-of-way or welfare and safety of the public.

§ A63-6 Bonds and fees for Town roads and public improvements.

A. Performance bond (security). Performance bonds for all proposed Town roads and public improvements, and all other work to be performed within Town rights-of-way shall be provided in conformance with the provisions of Chapter 36 of this Code. Such security shall guarantee construction of all the improvements in compliance with the approved plans and these specifications. The amount of the performance security shall be based on current municipal construction costs as established by the Engineer for the Town. The estimate shall be reviewed and accepted by the Engineer for the Town and approved by the Town Board.

B. Maintenance bond (security).

(1) Following completion of all construction of the roadway and related public improvements, the offeror shall post maintenance security with the Town in conformance with Chapter 36 of this Code. Such security shall guarantee that for a period of one year from the date of acceptance of the dedication of the road (and other related improvements) by the Town Board, the developer will maintain the road and improvements to the standard of construction set by these specifications, normal wear and tear excepted. This shall mean that the offeror will, at its own expense, repair and make good any defects or damage which may develop during this maintenance period as a result of faulty construction within the right-of-way or as a result of other construction, by the offeror or others, outside the right-of-way. During the maintenance period, the Town shall be responsible for snow and ice control, street cleaning, cleaning of culverts and catch basins and other work of similar routine nature, provided that such work has in no way been caused by the operations of others. The amount of the maintenance security shall be determined by the Engineer for the Town and shall be equal to 10% of the original estimate amount of the performance security.

(2) In cases as may be warranted by conditions specific to the project, the Town Board may require that the offeror post a maintenance security for a longer period of time as a condition of acceptance of the road and/or other public improvements. Such option shall be available in such cases where potential deficiencies or conditions have been identified which may require further maintenance attention, and the offer has requested that the Town Board act to accept dedication. Such determination to accept dedication with an extended maintenance security term shall be at the sole discretion of the Town Board.

C. Restoration bond (security). In all cases where work is proposed pursuant to an application to the Planning Board or other authorization from the Town, the developer or offerer shall provide a restoration bond in conformance with Chapter 36 of this Code, for restoration of the disturbed areas to an acceptable and stable condition, as may be defined by the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), with the amount of such bond to be established as called for in Chapter 36 or as may be further identified in an approved SWPPP. Final amount to be subject to Town Board approval.

D. Inspection fees. Upon the completion of the design for the Town road and determination of the amount of the performance security as set forth above, the offeror shall pay to the Town an inspection fee in the amount of 8% of the total performance security estimate. Road construction or any related utility construction shall not commence until the inspection fee has been paid. The inspection fee must be paid whether or not the offeror elects to construct the improvements without the posting of performance security; in that event, the inspection fee shall be placed upon 8% of what the performance security would have been had the offeror availed itself of the option of posting performance security. These inspection fees do not include additional fees for inspections for developer's compliance with New York State stormwater pollution prevention regulations, as also required for the compliance with the Town's MS4 regulations. Such additional fees shall be paid in accordance with Chapter 46 of the Town Code.

§ A63-7 Classification of Town roads.

A. Subdivision roads.

(1) For roads in subdivisions, the Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town shall, pursuant to a recommendation by the Town Planning Board, determine and designate into which of the three following classifications each proposed road falls on the basis of one or more of the criteria hereinafter set forth. For all other roads, the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town shall make this determination.

(a) Major road.

(b) Secondary road.

(c) Minor road.

(d) Private road.

(2) Final plans shall be drawn to show and the offeror shall construct each road in accordance with the particular specifications for its designated classification as hereinafter set forth, as well as in accordance with the specifications common to all classifications.

(3) Determining criteria.

(a) Major road: a road which serves or is designed to be used primarily as a route for traffic between communities or large areas, and roads anticipated to carry a substantial volume of heavy vehicle or truck traffic.

(b) Secondary road: a road which serves or is designed to carry traffic from local residential roads to the system of major roads.

(c) Minor road: a road intended to serve primarily as access to abutting residential properties.

(d) Alternate minor road: a minor road proposed to be constructed without concrete curbs. Approval must be obtained from the Planning Board upon recommendations from the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town.

(e) Private road: a road intended to serve single-family and two-family residences with such road to be maintained in private ownership and maintained via a road maintenance agreement to be filed in the office of the County Clerk and Town Clerk's office. The number of lots on a private road is restricted as noted in this Code.

B. Construction specifications.

(1) Figures 1, 2, 3, 3A and 4 annexed to this chapter[1] show the cross sections of each of the classifications for Town roads and a private road. Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 annexed to this chapter[2] show typical details for construction of Town roads. These give the minimum required design, dimensions and construction details which are applicable to each classification.

[1] Editor's Note: Copies of Figures 1, 2, 3, 3A and 4 are on file in the Town offices.

[2] Editor's Note: Copies of Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are on file in the Town offices.

(2) The general and more detailed specifications follow for design, construction, materials and other requirements which are applicable to all classifications of roads.

(3) The offeror shall design and construct roads which shall conform to both the general and specific specifications.

C. Private roads. Private roads, as permitted by the Planning Board, shall be in conformance with § 63-13C(2) of this Code and Figure 4.[3]

[3] Editor's Note: A copy of Figure 4 is on file in the Town offices.

§ A63-8 Rights-of-way and monuments for Town roads.

A. The offeror shall establish and clearly mark on site the limits of road rights-of-way and easements with monuments on the center line and grades of the finished road pavement and the location and elevations of drainage structures as shown on the approved plans with construction stakes. Such construction stakes shall be maintained at the offeror's expense until the construction of road pavement, drainage structures, underground utilities, curbs, sidewalks and shoulders has been completed, inspected and accepted by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town.

B. During the course of construction, the developer shall make available to the Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town stakeout information, cut sheets or any other pertinent information requested with respect to the proposed construction.

C. Permanent monuments shall be set on right-of-way lines of roads at all intersections, angle points, points of curvature and the beginnings and ends of streets. There shall be a clear view of adjacent monuments on the right-of-way line. Monuments shall be set on both sides of the right-of-way. Monuments shall be set following completion of the construction of the roads, but prior to any request for dedication. Prior to setting any monuments, a proposed monument plan shall be submitted to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town for approval, together with a cut on the specific monument to be set. Any additional monuments required by the Superintendent or Engineer shall be added to the final plan. No monuments should be set until the plan and proposed monuments have approved.

D. The permanent markers shall be made of concrete or granite with minimum dimensions of 30 inches long, a four-inch square top and a six-inch-square bottom with a two-inch by two-inch cross (centerline) cut into the top. As an alternate, thirty-inch aluminum drive-in piston monuments may be utilized. Such monuments shall be provided with three-and-one-fourth-inch custom-stamped aluminum caps. For purposes of standardization, such monuments shall be Berntsen Model G130 monument with G2 cap, stamped to Town of Monroe standard. If a monument should be located in a rock ledge, the surface shall be stripped and the monument set into a drilled hole into the ledge to a depth of a minimum of six inches. Monuments shall protrude a maximum of one inch above the final graded surface. The offeror's licensed surveyor shall certify that the location of all monuments is accurate before acceptance of the road by the Town Board. A certified reproducible map showing the locations and reference ties to each monument shall be provided. Reference ties shall be permanent items; such as building foundations, and a minimum of three shall be provided for each monument. In addition to the paper and reproducible maps, electronic copies shall be provided in a form deemed acceptable by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town.

§ A63-9 Easements.

Where surface water from roads must lead through other than gutters and storm drains or existing stream channels outside the right-of-way, permanent drainage easements having a minimum width of 20 feet shall be provided to a point where a natural watercourse exists. In some cases this may include easements over property outside the boundaries of the subdivision involved. Natural stream or ditch channels shall have a minimum of twenty-foot-wide permanent easements and be shown on the proposed plans of the subdivision. All permanent easement lines shall be monumented in the same manner as a Town road right-of-way (noted above).

§ A63-10 Sequence of construction.

Roadway construction within the Town of Monroe shall be performed in such a manner that appropriate sequences of construction are utilized, which are intended to promote a quality construction result and provide for necessary inspections by Town representatives. The general sequence of construction as noted hereinbelow shall be utilized, although it shall be the developer's and contractor's responsibility to schedule additional inspections and employ proper means, methods and techniques which will guarantee the quality and durability of the finished product, and shall comply with the other provisions of this specification. Any variation of this sequence requires the written prior approval of the Town Highway Superintendent.

A. Clearing and grading shall only begin following preparation and approval of a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan as may be required by state and local laws, in addition to any necessary Planning Board approvals. (Also see Chapter 46.)

B. All necessary cut and fills are to be accomplished. All fills within the Town right-of-way shall be subject to proper inspections of Town representatives and shall utilize required materials. Use of on-site material is only permitted following testing and written approval from the Town as the same being equal in quality to the fill materials specified herein. Developers/offerors shall be required to employ a testing laboratory to verify proper materials, compaction and placement. Original copies of all test results prepared by the testing companies for materials and placement shall be submitted directly to the Town's designated representatives.

C. Prior to the construction of either curbs, sidewalks or the subbase of the road, all utility lines, services and facilities, to the extent that they will be in the right-of-way, shall be constructed in their entirety.

D. Installation of utilities must be observed. Before being backfilled, as-built ties should be made of all subsurface improvements. Such ties shall be by a licensed land surveyor under the employ of the developer/contractor, who shall be such professional who will prepare as-builts of the improvements. Subsequently, all utilities shall be tested under the supervision of the design professional. Representatives of the Town must also observe all testing, and as-builts provided as soon as practical.

E. Subsequent to completion of all utilities and the road grading (and prior to installation of the subbase "item" course), proof-rolling of the roadway must be performed in the presence of the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town. At the time of proof-rolling, measurements should be made of the subgrade to verify proper depth relative to the curb for proper pavement/subbase structure. The Town representatives should be contacted to observe such measurements.

F. After acceptance of the proof-rolling, no subsequent excavations shall be made within the right-of-way area without the express prior approval of the Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town. Following acceptance of the proof-rolling, the subbase may be installed and graded. Following same, measurements should be made to verify proper placement. The Town representatives should be contacted to observe such measurements.

G. Should any soft areas in the subgrade be identified during the proof-rolling, all such areas shall be remediated to the satisfaction of the Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town. Corrective measures include, but are not limited to, over-excavation and placement of bulk and graded material, installation of geotextile materials, installation of supplemental drainage, all as required to correct the condition to the satisfaction of the Town representatives. Re-proof-rolling may be required in the areas of the corrective work to verify correction of the deficiency noted.

H. Verify proper elevation prior to paving. Adequate curb reveal must exist to result in proper pavement thickness (after rolling) with the standard six-inch curb reveal. The crown of the roadway will also be checked. Grade and slope should be verified for positive drainage and compliance with design plans. Developers/contractors are strongly advised to check the finish grading themselves prior to calling for an inspection by the Town.

I. At this time, and also prior to any request for a reduction in the performance security for the public improvements, the developer/contractor should submit draft as-builts from a licensed land surveyor (final as-builts are to be submitted prior to dedication). All subsurface utilities must be located on a plan depicting the right-of-way, curbs, and surface (visible) improvements, with a minimum of two ties (to fixed improvements) to all subsurface elements (valves, services, tees, bends, etc.). Size, type and depth of all piping should be identified. Also, any final test results or certifications necessary from the design engineer should be on file with the Town at this time.

J. After all of the above is completed, base and/or binder course paving can be scheduled. Representatives of the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town must witness all paving. Following paving, measurements will be made to verify uniform and acceptable curb reveal and crown on the roadway.

K. Finish course paving should not be scheduled or installed until such time as the majority of project construction work has been completed, such that the potential for damage to the finish course pavement is minimized. Timing for the placement of finish paving is subject to Town approval.

L. Monuments shall not be set until such time that all the improvements have been installed and all finish grading is complete.

M. This sequence and information are a general outline of requirements necessary for roadway construction within the Town. Additional details and requirements of construction are noted under these street specifications, and additional site-specific and project-specific requirements may apply as may be determined at the discretion of the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town.

§ A63-11 Clearing; subbase construction; rolling; stabilization fabrics; blasting.

A. All work performed under this section shall be performed in a sequence and manner so as to conform to the required sequence of construction as noted hereinabove.

B. The offeror shall clear and grub the entire area within the limits of the road right-of-way, drainage channels and easement areas where required by the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town. The offeror shall properly dispose of all waste materials (stumps, roots, etc.) off site.

C. The offeror shall complete the shaping of the road right-of-way, streams and ditches and easement areas to the line and grade as shown on the approved plans and as otherwise may be required by the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town. In the construction of the roadway, all topsoil, loam, rocks and organic material shall be removed until a satisfactory subbase is established. In fills of less than three feet, all topsoil shall be excavated and removed. All fills and backfills under roadways shall be made with foundation course material meeting or exceeding the requirements of Subbase Gradation Type No. 3 subbase material as specified under Section 304 of the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials (latest revision), or other acceptable material as accepted by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Such fills shall be made in layers of not more than 12 inches each and properly compacted with a ten-ton roller or equivalent.

D. All hollows and depressions which develop under rolling shall be filled with acceptable granular material and again rolled, this process to be continued until no depressions develop. The subgrade shall not be muddy or otherwise unsatisfactory when the foundation course is laid upon it. Any soft spot or unstable portion of the subgrade which develops under the roller shall be completely excavated and removed from the right-of-way and shall be replaced with acceptable granular material and the area regraded and compacted as above.

E. If, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, it is prudent that stabilization fabrics be installed under the Town road in those areas observed as unstable or soft or in other areas deemed appropriate by the Superintendent and the Engineer, the offerer, at his/her own expense, shall provide such fabric for those areas and for the length of roadway as determined by the Superintendent and Engineer. Stabilization fabric shall meet the requirements as called for under § A63-18 of these specifications.

F. The subgrade shall be shaped to line and grade with no depressions. The subgrade shall be stable in all respects to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town before the foundation course is laid. No large stones or rock ledges shall protrude into the foundation course.

G. Should it become necessary, as part of the construction work, to perform blasting, the same shall only be done following notification to the Town Highway Superintendent, Town Code Enforcement Officer and Engineer for the Town. The Town shall assume no responsibility or liability pertaining to any blasting work. Prior to any blasting, the blasting contractor shall obtain any permits required from the Code Enforcement Officer and shall submit an insurance certificate for the type work, in an amount no less than $2,000,000, for the work to be performed. All work shall be done taking all possible precautions and shall, at minimum, comply with all applicable federal, state and local regulations. Blasts shall be covered with suitable mats or heavy timber, at minimum, to prevent damage. Blasting shall only be performed between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on weekdays unless otherwise approved by the Code Enforcement Officer. Blasting shall not be performed weekends or on legal holidays.

H. Also, before the foundation (subbase) course is laid, all storm and sanitary sewers and all utilities, including house connections for existing and future homes, and hydrants shall have been installed to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent, the Engineer for the Town and the applicable Water/Sewer Superintendent(s). All slopes and sidewalk areas shall be graded before the foundation course is made, and all loose and exposed stones will be removed. Fine grade shall conform to the prescribed width of pavement and shall extend equidistant from the center line of the road right-of-way and shall conform to the typical cross section of the road pavement and to the approved line and grade.

§ A63-12 Drainage systems.

A. General requirements.

(1) In addition to any requirements for compliance with the Town Stormwater Regulations (Chapter 46), the drainage system and/or culverts shall be designed in accordance with established engineering principles and approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Minimum standards for design of the system shall be based on the drainage area tributary to the proposed system and structures, as follows:

	Drainage Area (acres)	Design Occurrence (minimum)
	Less than 320	25-year storm
	320 to 640	50-year storm
	Greater than 640	100-year storm

(2) Plans for any drainage structure, including pipe culverts, when existing or proposed, shall be submitted in detail by the offeror's professional engineer to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town for approval. The submittal shall include calculations and a drainage area evaluation map, bearing the seal and signature of the offeror's professional engineer.

(3) Unless otherwise accepted by the Engineer for the Town, the minimum grade of any drainage pipe or culvert shall not be less than 1%. The approved plans shall show invert elevations of all inlets and outlets for all drainage structures. All pipes shall be provided with a minimum eighteen-inch cover unless otherwise approved. Any deviation from the approved plans shall be on approval of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, in writing. No culvert pipe shall be less than 15 inches in diameter unless by approval of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Pipe for culverts may be reinforced concrete or double-wall polyethylene pipe, both of which shall conform to the following specifications for materials.

(4) Prior to the delivery of any materials or the construction of any work, the offeror shall submit to the Engineer for the Town four copies of manufacturer's detailed literature for all materials proposed to be used. No materials shall be delivered or placed until the proposed materials have been accepted.

B. Reinforced concrete pipe. All concrete pipe utilized in the work shall be reinforced and shall conform to the requirements referenced in the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials (latest edition), as stated in Section 706, except that the tongue-and-groove pipe is preferred for all sizes. Each piece of pipe shall be stamped as such and the conditions of pipe shall be approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Rejected specimens will be immediately removed from the site.

C. Double-wall polyethylene pipe.

(1) All HDPE pipe utilized in the work shall conform to the requirements referenced in the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials (latest edition), as stated in Section 706.

(2) Pipes shall be constructed of virgin high-density polyethylene of materials conforming with the requirements of Type III, Category 4 or 5, Grade P33, Class C; or Grade P34, Class C; per ASTM D1248, and shall conform to requirements of AASHO M294-85I.

(3) Pipe shall be free of foreign inclusions or any visual defects.

(4) Pipe shall be furnished in twenty-foot sections, unless otherwise approved.

(5) Pipe shall have a minimum stiffness of five-percent deflection, when tested in accordance with ASTM D2412, as follows:

	Diameter (inches)	Pipe Stiffness (PSI)
	12 (300 mm)	50 (345 kPa)
	15 (375 mm)	42 (290 kPa)
	18 (450 mm)	40 (275 kPa)
	24 (600 mm)	34 (235 kPa)
	30 (750 mm)	28 (195 kPa)
	36 (900 mm)	22 (150 kPa)
	42 (1050 mm)	20 (140 kPa)
	48 (1200 mm)	18 (125 kPa)
	60 (1500 mm)	14 (95 kPa)
	4 (100 mm)	(340 kPa)
	6 (150 mm)	(340 kPa)
	8 (200 mm)	(340 kPa)
	10 (250 mm)	(340 kPa)

(6) Pipe shall be Type N-12 as manufactured by Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. (ADS), or acceptable equal. If specified on plans, pipe shall have slotted perforations for pipe sizes four inches through 10 inches and circular perforation for pipe sizes 12 inches through 36 inches. Pipe perforations shall be uniformly spaced along the entire length and circumference of the pipe.

D. Alternate materials. Where approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, in writing, use of alternate materials will be considered. Decision for the use of such alternate materials shall be based on the specific cases of the installation, as interpreted by the Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, and acceptance for use shall be at their sole discretion.

E. Installation of pipes.

(1) The width of the trench in which the pipe is laid shall be sufficient to permit thorough tamping of the backfill around the pipe. A cushion of at least six inches of subbase material (NYSDOT Item No. 4), sand or washed crushed stone shall be laid in line with grade prior to laying the pipe. No stones over three inches maximum dimension shall protrude or lay in this cushion. The soil below the cushion shall be stable enough that there will be no settlement of pipe after backfilling the trench.

(2) The pipe shall be laid to true line and grade on the prepared bed of the trench. All connections for pipe shall be furnished and installed per manufacturer's recommendations. In unimproved easement areas, backfilling of the trench shall be done with run-of-bank gravel or other suitable material approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Within improved easement areas, or within the right-of-way, backfill shall be NYSDOT Item No. 4 subbase material. The backfill shall be made in layers of no more than 12 inches, which shall be tamped and tested where required by the Superintendent and Engineer.

(3) All drainage pipes and structures shall be of a size sufficient to carry natural water runoff and stormwater and also which, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, are acceptable based on the design criteria noted hereinabove this section and which may be reasonably anticipated from future construction, both from within the development and from adjoining properties which normally drain across the area of the proposed development. Additional or larger culvert pipes and drainage structures shall be installed and paid for by the offeror if, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town, the same is deemed appropriate and in the best interest of the Town.

F. Groundwater. If, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, it is necessary to intercept and carry away groundwater within the limits of the right-of-way to protect the stability of the road bed, curb or sidewalk areas, such supplemental subsurface and/or surface drainage improvements shall be required and shall be installed by the offeror fully at his expense. Porous wall concrete pipe or perforated PVC pipe having a minimum diameter of four inches (or larger is required), encased in 12 inches of three-fourths-inch clean crushed stone or crushed gravel (wrapped with filter fabric), shall be used for such purpose for a length as deemed necessary by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Pipe outlet location shall be as acceptable to the Superintendent and Engineer.

G. Catch basins and curb inlets.

(1) Catch basins and curb inlets shall be constructed in order that surface water be intercepted. All catch basins shall be precast reinforced concrete, spaced as noted herein below, unless otherwise approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Concrete shall meet the requirements as called for herein. Such structures shall be placed at 500 feet or less. On grades in excess of 6%, the distance apart shall not exceed 300 feet. Figures 5 and 6[1] outline the minimum details of construction for catch basins and curb inlets. Whenever, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, ground conditions or other circumstances require it, larger or heavier materials, additional materials, reinforcing or other modifications and improvements in design and construction shall be made as required by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town at any time prior to construction of pavement.

[1] Editor's Note: Copies of Figures 5 and 6 are on file in the Town offices.

(2) For purposes of standardization and proper, timely and safe replacement, the following curb inlet casting shall be considered standard for supply on Town of Monroe roads:

(a) Curbed roadways: Campbell No. 2633.

(b) Noncurbed roadways:

[1] Campbell No. 3490 (gutter type).

[2] Campbell No. 3087 (straight type).

(3) Substitution of or-equal castings shall be only when approved, in writing, by the Town Highway Superintendent.

H. Headwalls.

(1) Headwalls of reinforced concrete shall be constructed at the outlet and inlet ends of culvert pipes. Culverts shall extend to the toe of embankment. Concrete shall conform to the minimum requirements noted herein. The bearing of all headwalls shall have a solid base. If soft material is encountered, it shall be removed and backfilled with acceptable fill material (NYSDOT Item No. 4 or bulk stone) as acceptable to the Superintendent and Engineer. It shall be the responsibility of the offeror that no headwalls shall crack or become tipped from settlement.

(2) Headwalls shall have a width equal to a minimum of at least five times the diameter of the pipe for which the headwall is provided. The headwall shall extend a minimum of 18 inches above the top of the pipe, or higher if so required by the Highway Superintendent or Engineer for the Town. Wall thickness shall be a minimum of 18 inches.

(3) Prior to construction, the offeror's professional engineer shall submit to the Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town details of construction for the proposed headwall specific for the proposed installation.

I. House drains. Roof and cellar drains shall in no case be allowed to flow into the road right-of-way. With the approval of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, in writing, these drains may be piped to existing stormwater system, preferably to a catch basin. If such connection is not practical, and subject to the approval of the Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town, connections directly to stormwater piping may be permitted. Such drains must be installed prior to the start of the application of the foundation (subbase) course. Overflows or connections from sanitary sewers or septic tanks are strictly prohibited, nor shall the same be permitted to flow into road ditches or onto the Town right-of-way.

§ A63-13 Roadway design requirements.

A. Grades and vertical curves. The grade of major and secondary roads shall not be in excess of 12% nor less than 1%. The grade of minor roads shall not be in excess of 14% nor less than 1%. Only by permission of the Town Highway Superintendent, pursuant to the recommendation of the Engineer for the Town and the Planning Board, if applicable, shall a grade of more than 10% be allowed on any road, due to topographic conditions. Differences in grade will be effected with a vertical curve of sufficient length to allow a vertical sight distance in compliance with Subsection B of this section, but in no case less than 250 feet. The maximum grade of intersecting roads shall not exceed 2% for a distance of 100 feet in both directions from the intersecting centerlines of the roadways.

B. Sight distance.

(1) In all cases, design of intersections shall always maximize sight distance and comply with the minimum recommended safe sight distances as referenced in the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) Guidelines for Driveway Design and Location (latest revision), and as referenced in the New York State Department of Transportation Policies and Standards. When such minimum recommended safe sight distances cannot be obtained due to specific site conditions, the offeror's professional engineer shall submit sufficient documentation to show that the design provides the maximum available, and the specific reasons why the recommended values cannot be obtained. For roads proposed in subdivisions, such information shall also be submitted to the Planning Board, and the road location shall be subject to its approval. Approval of the roadway by the Town Highway Superintendent and/or Planning Board for roads which do not provide the recommended sight distance values is discretionary.

(2) "Sight distance" shall be defined as the distance where an object remains visible to an observer, said observer (driver) waiting to enter from an intersecting road or driveway at a point 12 feet in advance of the nearest travel lane, which measurement shall be taken from a level of 44 inches above the road/driveway pavement, observing a vehicle at a point 24 inches above the pavement at the point being observed. A similar method shall be utilized in the determination of stopping sight distance and turning right distance.

(3) Any sight distance measurements submitted for record to the Town shall have been measured and information prepared by either a licensed professional engineer or a Land Surveyor.

C. Entrances onto Town roads. All entrances onto Town roads shall be subject to the review and approval of the Town Highway Superintendent. Such entrances include, but are not limited to, private residential driveways, commercial or business entrances, private roads and the like. The offeror shall design and construct all entrances within the limits of the right-of-way with sufficient sight distance and with a grade no more than one inch per foot from the curb to the right-of-way line.

(1) Single-family residential driveways. The minimum width of the driveway pavement at the curb or road pavement line shall be 15 feet, tapering to a minimum of 10 feet at the right-of-way line. All residential driveways shall have a minimum six-inch subbase foundation course from the curb to the right-of-way line and no less than a three-inch hot mix asphalt concrete wearing course from the curb or street pavement line to the right-of- way line, which shall be applied during or after the laying of the road pavement. All driveways shall be graded to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town prior to the surfacing of such driveways.

(2) Private roads.

(a) General.

[1] Private roads shall only be utilized or proposed for approval to serve lots for single-family use or two-family use.

[2] No subdivision may contain more than one private road.

[3] In order to create in excess of four lots on an existing or proposed private road (six if two additional lots have required frontage), said private road shall have first been improved to the current applicable street specifications, dedicated to and accepted by the Town, in which case it shall cease to be a private road.

[4] The Town Planning Board shall not approve the use of a private road in any subdivision if it is determined that the use of said private road is not consistent with the health, safety, welfare and convenience of the proposed users of the road and the people of the Town in general.

[5] To the extent practicable, the owner of any lot having access only to an approved private road shall be the owner of the portion of the private road adjacent to his lot to the center line of said private road unless such other ownership provisions have been shown on the filed subdivision plat, as approved by the Planning Board.

[6] In all cases, dimensions used in determining compliance with the Zone Bulk Regulations[1] (setbacks, frontage, etc.) shall be measured from or along the right-of-way lines indicated for the private road.

[1] Editor's Note: See Ch. 52, Zoning.

(b) Responsibility for maintenance.

[1] Where a subdivision plat containing a private road is approved and filed with the Orange County Clerk, such subdivision plat shall contain a note clearly stating that the subdivision contains a private road which the Town has no responsibility to maintain, provide services for nor make any improvements to; all such costs shall be borne by the property owners using said road in accordance with the terms of a maintenance declaration or agreement, as referenced herein below.

[2] All private roads will have provisions for the maintenance of the private road, drainage facilities and other improvements incorporated in a maintenance declaration or agreement which shall be recorded in the Orange County Clerk's office at the time of the filing of the subdivision plat and prior to the transfer of any subdivision lot (with a copy of the recorded document submitted to the Town Clerk for file).

[3] A private road may not be offered for dedication to the Town unless the owners of the private road shall first have caused it to meet or exceed the specifications set forth in this Code for a Town road for acceptance by the Town Board.

[4] The Planning Board shall require, as a condition of approval that a performance guarantee or maintenance bond, or both, be posted with the Town in a manner set forth in Chapter 36 to guarantee the installation and the upkeep of the private road and associated improvements.

(c) Construction. If the Planning Board shall authorize the construction of a private road in accordance with the standards set forth in this section, said private road shall conform to the minimum standards set forth below and as depicted in Figure 4:[2]

[1] No private road shall be longer than 800 feet.

[2] The private road will have the subbase prepared and compacted to maximum density (minimum 95%). Where grade alteration is required, the same shall be by use of run-of-bank or other non-frost-susceptible foundation material, compacted to maximum density (minimum 95%). Material shall be certified by the design engineer as suitable for the purposes indicated.

[3] Said private road will have a base course which shall consist of a minimum of eight inches of course crushed shale or graded gravel base, with a four-inch choker course of shale tailings or fine dust-free material placed on top of said base course shale, all of which will be compacted to maximum density (minimum 95%). A final surface treatment finish of double application oil emulsion and stone shall be applied to result in a dust-free surface. Each oil application shall be 0.5 gallon per square yard, and stone utilized shall be 3/8 inch.

[4] A private road shall not be less than 24 feet in width (finished surface) and shall have, in addition, shoulders three feet in width on both sides of the road, which shoulders shall be compacted roadway base and top material (full depth) and shall also have a three-foot roadway drainage swale adjacent to each shoulder. Swale shall be grass lined, unless slope exceeds 5%, which shall be stone lined, as deemed appropriate for the site condition. The portion of the roadway within the Town road right-of-way shall be constructed in accordance with the Town street specifications for rural roads.

[5] The right-of-way reserved for all private roads shall not be less than 50 feet in width; rights-of-way for culs-de-sac shall not be less than 120 feet in diameter.

[6] If any private road shall end in a cul-de-sac, said cul-de-sac shall have a finished surface being not less than 80 feet in roadway diameter. Alternate layouts will be considered, subject to Planning Board approval, when site conditions make construction of the full size cul-de-sac impractical.

[7] No portion of any private road shall have a grade exceeding 12%.

[8] All side slopes adjacent to or part of any private road shall not be steeper than a slope of two to one. A "two-to-one slope" is defined as a drop of one unit of distance vertically for every two units of distance horizontally.

[9] If a private road is constructed over a place where water runs regularly or seasonally underneath said road or will be caused to do so as part of the proposed subdivision, drainage pipe equal to that for a Town road (minimum smooth-lined polyethylene) shall be installed underneath the road to permit the passage of water under said road. The size of said pipe shall be calculated by the applicant's engineer and shall be as acceptable to the Planning Board Engineer.

[10] All private roads will be required to have a street name, which shall not duplicate the name of an existing street or be so similar to the name of an existing street as to be easily confused with it. Such name shall be posted by street sign in equal construction and character as those signs currently installed by the Town for public roadways and shall also include a separate and similar sign with identification as a private road.

[2] Editor's Note: A copy of Figure 4 is on file in the Town offices.

(d) Other entrances. Multifamily, commercial, business and other entrances shall generally be 25 feet in width, but not greater than a maximum of 30 feet in width, unless otherwise approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Construction details of the pavement for the entrance roadway/drive within the Town right-of-way shall, at minimum, meet the minimum requirements for the type road being intersected with. All intersections shall be provided with drainage facilities acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Roadway/drives shall be -2% grade from the edge of existing Town road pavement for a minimum of 30 feet, unless otherwise approved. The intersection angle of the roadway/drive shall be as close to 90° as possible.

D. Curbs. On all roads, unless otherwise approved by the Town Board as noted hereinabove, portland cement concrete curbs shall be constructed on both sides of the street, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3,[3] prior to laying road pavement to the dimensions and specification shown in Figure 7.[4] A base course of four inches of subbase material, tamped and free of stone over two inches in length, shall be laid under all curbing. Concrete shall be used and shall be finished and cured to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Concrete shall conform to the requirements noted herein. The offeror, at his own expense, shall replace any curbing that has settled, cracked, scaled or become damaged in any way by the offeror before and within the one-year maintenance period after dedication. Curbs shall be depressed five inches at all driveways. Stone curbs or precast curbs may be substituted only upon the written approval of the Highway Superintendent.

[3] Editor's Note: Copies of Figures 1, 2 and 3 are on file in the Town offices.

[4] Editor's Note: A copy of Figure 7 is on file in the Town offices.

E. Sidewalks. On all streets, unless otherwise approved by the Town Board, portland cement concrete sidewalks shall be constructed on one side of the street (or both, if so required by the Town Board or Planning Board), as shown in Figure 7.[5] Concrete shall conform to the requirements noted herein and shall be finished and cured to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. The offeror, at his own expense, shall replace any sidewalks that have settled, cracked, scaled or become damaged in any way by the offeror before and within the one-year maintenance period after dedication. Sidewalks shall be depressed at all driveways. Driveway aprons shall conform to Figure 9.[6]

[5] Editor's Note: A copy of Figure 7 is on file in the Town offices.

[6] Editor's Note: A copy of Figure 9 is on file in the Town offices.

F. Intersections.

(1) All intersections with existing Town roads shall be constructed with the edge of pavement having a radius of 25 feet. Intersections within a development shall be constructed with the edge of pavement having a radius of 25 feet. All intersecting roads shall have a horizontal sight distance of no less than 250 feet in each direction and shall comply with § A63-13B of this specification.

(2) All intersections with existing county roads shall conform to the Policy and Standards, Permit Work within County Right-of-Way (latest edition), and shall be subject to the approval of the County Commissioner of Public Works and the review of the County Department of Public Works, in accordance with Article V, § 102, and Article VI, § 136, of the Consolidated Laws of New York.

(3) Where a proposed road intersects a Town, county or state road or highway, the approved plans will show the proposed type, length and diameter of pipe and drainage flow along said road. The pipe will be installed and paid for by the offeror under the review of the Town Highway Superintendent, the Engineer for the Town and the County Commissioner of Public Works or his representative, as applicable. The County Commissioner of Public Works shall be notified of all intersections with county roads for approval of location, grade and drainage structures prior to any construction of the proposed street.

§ A63-14 Roadway structure materials.

All materials used as part of the road structure are subject to the approval of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Prior to the delivery of any materials or the construction of any work, the offeror shall submit to the Engineer for the Town data and testing results, and samples if requested, for all materials proposed to be used. No material shall be delivered or placed until the proposed materials have been accepted.

§ A63-15 Foundation course.

A. Foundation course (subbase), select granular material.

(1) Description. As part of the construction of or within all Town roads or in the preparation of a road for offering to the Town, the offeror shall furnish and place a select granular material foundation course of gravel, blast furnace slag, broken stone or other acceptable granular material in the places designated on the plans and in such other locations as field conditions require. The thickness and locations of the foundation course will be as shown on the typical cross sections, as shown in the figures attached to these specifications.

(2) Materials.

(a) It is the intent of this specification to provide a foundation course material meeting or exceeding the requirements of Gradation Type No. 4 subbase material, as specified under Section 304 of the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials (latest revision).

(b) The material shall be stockpiled on site or otherwise be made available for inspection by the Town Highway Superintendent and/or the Engineer for the Town prior to placement. Prior to material being delivered to the site, the developer/offeror shall furnish the Town with certified laboratory test results for the material to be utilized.

(c) Should, at any time during work and for any reason, in the opinion of the Town Highway Superintendent or the Engineer for the Town, the material fail to conform to the specified quality and gradation requirements, the offeror shall, by the addition of selected acceptable material and/or satisfactory manipulation, produce a material meeting the above requirements, and he shall retest the material to demonstrate compliance to the satisfaction of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town.

(3) Construction details.

(a) The spreading of any layer of this material shall be done with spreader equipment acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent and shall be spread to such thickness that the maximum depth of the layer, after compaction, will be six inches. Spreading from piles dumped on the roadway will not be permitted. No segregation of large or fine particles will be allowed, but the material, as spread, shall be well graded, with no pockets of fine material. Water shall only be added and in such amounts as acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town and only as necessary to obtain satisfactory compaction.

(b) When the moisture content of the layer is within the limits for proper compaction, the entire surface shall be rolled with a pneumatic-tired roller having an operating weight of between 1,000 and 2,500 pounds per tire or a smooth-steel-wheel roller having a minimum weight of 10 tons. Each portion of the layer shall be covered by a minimum of eight passes of the roller.

(c) For heavier, vibratory or more efficient types of approved compaction equipment, the minimum number of passes required on all portions of each layer shall be acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent. In limited areas, where the use of a roller is impractical, approved vibrating plate compactors or impact rammers shall be used to compact the material.

(d) After compaction, the top surface of this course shall not extend above nor more than 1/2 inch below true grade and surface at any location. The foundation course, at any location, shall be compacted, finished and completed to the above tolerance and approved by the Town Highway Superintendent before any succeeding course is placed at that location. Any depressions or holes shall be filled with additional foundation course material and re-rolled.

(e) In all cases, this subbase course must be so thoroughly compacted that it will not weave under the roller.

(f) No traffic or hauling other than that necessary for bringing material for the next course shall be permitted over this course. Should the subgrade or any other material become churned up into or mixed with this foundation course through any reason whatsoever, the offeror shall, at his own expense, remove such mixtures and reinstall with new foundation material.

(g) The offerer shall assume full responsibility for any contamination and/or degradation of any part of this course during construction and shall, at his own expense, remove any and all portions of this course which do not conform to the requirements of these specifications and replace these portions with specified material.

§ A63-16 Base and binder courses.

A. Pavement; base course. After the foundation course has been inspected and accepted by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town, and found by the project engineer and/or licensed land surveyor to be at a grade allowing the proper depth for installation of all pavement courses, the hot mix asphalt concrete pavement base courses shall be placed.

B. Hot mix asphalt concrete pavement.

(1) Material.

(a) The base course shall consist of a hot mix asphalt concrete, conforming in all respects to the requirements for Base Course, Type 1, as stated in the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials, Section 401 (latest edition). A hot mix base course shall be constructed on a prepared base in accordance with these specifications and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses and detail shown on the typical cross sections for the type of road involved, as shown on the figures provided with this specification.

(b) Binder courses shall consist of a hot mix asphalt concrete, conforming in all respects to the requirements for Base Course, Type 3, as stated in the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, Construction and Materials, Section 401 (latest edition). A hot mix binder course shall be constructed on a prepared base in accordance with these specifications and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses and detail shown on the typical cross sections for the type of road involved, as shown on the figures provided with this specification.

(c) A hot mix base and/or binder courses shall consist of aggregates, filler, if required, and bituminous material proportioned in accordance with Table 401-1 of the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specification for a Type 1 dense base course, and Type 3 dense binder, respectively.

(2) Placement.

(a) Pavement shall not be placed on any wet surface, any soft surfaces or when the surface temperature is a minimum of 45° F. and rising. Temperature shall be measured on the surface where the paving is to be placed and the controlling temperature shall be the average of three temperature readings taken at locations 25 feet, plus or minus, apart.

(b) The roadway surface to be covered shall be free from holes, depressions, bumps, waves and corrugations. Any unsuitable surface areas shall be repaired by replacement of the unstable materials or by patching with a material to produce a tight surface having the same elevation as the surrounding surface.

(c) In general, paving shall only be permitted between May 15 and October 31, unless specific written approval is obtained from the Town Highway Superintendent.

(d) All equipment and the condition of the equipment shall meet the approval of the Town Highway Superintendent.

§ A63-17 Finish course.

Pavement; finish course. After the base course has been placed, inspected and approved by the Town Highway Superintendent, one of the following two top courses shall be laid (selection in accordance with road classification and as approved by Town):

A. Hot mix asphalt concrete pavement.

(1) Material.

(a) The finish course shall consist of a hot mix asphalt concrete, conforming in all respects to the requirements for Top Course, Type 6F, as stated in the New York Department of Transportation Standard Specification, Construction and Materials (latest edition).

(b) A hot mix finish course shall be constructed in accordance with these specifications and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses and detail shown on the typical cross sections for the type road involved, as shown on the figures provided with this specification.

(c) A hot mix finish course shall consist of aggregate, filler, if required, and bituminous material proportioned in accordance with Table 401-1 of the State Specification for a Type 6F dense granular top course.

(2) Placement. Pavement shall not be placed on any wet surface or when the surface temperature is less than 45° F. Temperature shall be measured in manner acceptable to Town Highway Superintendent and Engineer for the Town.

B. Double bituminous surface treatment (alternate finish course).

(1) Material.

(a) Only when approved by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town and only for minor roads an alternate finish course consisting of a double bituminous surface treatment wearing course shall be permitted. Such alternate finish course will only be permitted when the base course has been constructed at the thickness associated with this alternate pavement structure. All work shall be performed per the detail shown on the typical cross sections, as shown on the figures provided with this specification.

(b) The bituminous material required for the surface treatment shall meet the requirements of New York State Department of Transportation Section 702, Bituminous Materials, and shall be an asphalt emulsion.

(c) The aggregate for surface treatments shall be crushed stone, meeting the requirements of New York State Department of Transportation Section 703-02, Coarse Aggregates. In addition, any aggregate used for surface treatments on pavement shall not contain more than 5% chart. The aggregate size for the first course shall be No. 1 and the second course shall contain aggregate size No. 1A.

(2) Placement.

(a) Bituminous material shall not be applied on a wet surface, when the air temperature is below 50° F. or greater than 95° F., unless otherwise permitted, or when weather conditions would prevent the proper construction of the surface treatment. The following equipment shall be required:

[1] Bituminous material distributor.

[2] Pneumatic rubber tire roller.

[3] Aggregate spreader.

[4] Rotary power broom.

[5] Drag broom.

(b) The bituminous material distributor shall be so designed, equipped, maintained and operated that the bituminous material at even heat can be applied uniformly on variable widths of surface up to 15 feet at readily determined and controlled rates from 0.05 to 2.0 gallons per square yard, with uniform pressure, and with an allowable variation from any specified rate not to exceed 0.02 gallon per square yard. Distributor equipment shall include a tachometer, accurate volume measuring devices or a calibrated tank and a thermometer for measuring temperatures of tank contents. Distributors shall be equipped with a power unit for the pump and full circulation spray bars adjustable laterally and vertically.

(c) The distributor and/or transport shall be equipped with a sampling valve so designed and installed as to be nonclogging and safe. When samples are taken through such valves, they shall be considered representative of all material in the tank.

(d) The pneumatic rubber tire roller shall be self-propelled and have oscillating wheels with smooth-tread tires. The tire or contact pressure shall be as acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent. The roller shall be operated at a maximum speed of five miles per hour.

(e) The aggregate spreader shall produce a uniform spread of aggregate between the range of 10 to 50 pounds per square yard.

(f) The bituminous material distributor and aggregate spreader shall be subject to the acceptance of the Town Highway Superintendent.

(g) The surface shall be free from irregularities to provide a reasonably smooth and uniform surface to receive the treatment. Areas which are stable and firm and require one inch or less in thickness to patch or shape the surface may be patched with surface treatment materials. Unstable and/or corrugated areas shall be removed and replaced. Areas requiring replacing, patching or shaping in excess of one inch in thickness shall be constructed with materials acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town.

(h) A power broom shall be used to clean any loose material from the pavement surface before the bituminous material is applied. Manhole covers, drop inlets, catch basins and any other structures within the roadway area shall be protected against the application of the surface treatment materials.

(i) Bituminous material shall be applied by means of a pressure distributor in a uniform, continuous spread over the section to be treated and within the temperature range specified. The quantity of bituminous material to be used shall be 0.5 gallon per square yard for the first course and 0.4 gallon per square yard for the second course for the indicated aggregate gradation, unless otherwise approved. A strip of building paper at least three feet in width and with a length equal to that of the spray bar of the distributor, plus one foot, shall be used at the beginning of each spread. If the cutoff is not positive, the use of paper may be required at the end of each spread. The paper shall be removed and disposed of in a satisfactory manner. The distributor shall be moving forward at proper application speed at the time the spray bar is opened. Any skipped areas or deficiencies shall be corrected. Junctions of spreads shall be carefully made to ensure a smooth riding surface.

(j) The length of spread of bituminous material shall not be in excess of that which trucks loaded with cover coat material can immediately cover.

(k) The spread of bituminous material shall not be more than six inches wider than the width covered by the cover coat material from the spreading device. Under no circumstances shall operations proceed in such a manner that bituminous material will be allowed to chill, set up, dry or otherwise impair retention of the cover aggregate.

(l) The distributor, when not spreading, shall be parked so that the spray bar or mechanism will not drip bituminous material on the surface of the traveled way.

(m) Immediately following the application of the bituminous material, cover aggregate shall be spread in the range of 15 to 25 pounds per square yard for the indicated aggregate, unless otherwise approved. Spreading shall be accomplished in such a manner that the tires of the trucks or aggregate spreader at no time contact the uncovered and newly applied bituminous material.

(n) Immediately after the cover aggregate is spread, any deficient areas shall be covered by additional material. If the application of the aggregate cover by the spreader is not uniform, the Town Highway Superintendent may require the contractor to use a drag broom before rolling. Pneumatic tire rolling shall begin immediately and shall be continued until three complete coverages are obtained.

(o) Any free bituminous material on the surface caused by a deficient amount of cover aggregate shall be covered in such a manner so as not to displace imbedded material. Excess material shall be swept from the entire surface by means of brooms. The surface shall be swept at the time determined by the Town Highway Superintendent.

(p) Traffic shall be discontinued on the lane being surface treated; and as soon as the final layer is applied and rolled, controlled traffic may be permitted thereon. Traffic shall be maintained at a speed not to exceed 15 miles per hour for two to four hours after rolling. The time and minimum requirements of traffic control shall be as acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent.

(q) Sufficient time shall elapse between the completion of the first course and the placing of the surface course so that the bituminous material in the first course has time to set or cure.

§ A63-18 Miscellaneous materials.

A. Stabilization fabric. Where called for in the design or required by the Town Highway Superintendent and/or the Engineer for the Town, the offeror shall, at his own expense, provide and install a high-tensile-strength, high modules (low deformation under load) woven-type stabilization fabric under the pavement subbase.

B. Fabric shall meet the following minimum properties in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials test methods:

	Item	Value
	Grab tensile strength	300 pounds
	Grab tensile elongation	35 maximum
	Modulus (at 10% elongation)	140 pounds
	Burst strength	600 pounds per square inch
	Trapezoid tear strength	120 pounds
	Puncture resistance	130 pounds

§ A63-19 Approval of materials.

All materials used as part of the road shall be subject to the approval of the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Prior to the delivery of any materials or the construction of any work, the offeror shall submit to the Engineer for the Town data, test results, manufacturer's literature and/or samples for all materials proposed to be used. No material shall be delivered or placed until the proposed materials have been accepted.

§ A63-20 Reinforced concrete.

A. General.

(1) All concrete used in the construction of concrete curbs, sidewalks, headwalls, catch basins and other miscellaneous items shall be plant mix portland cement concrete, complete with reinforcing as called for in the details provided with this specification. All concrete provided shall have a minimum compressive strength of 3,500 pounds per square inch at 28 days, with the exception of headwalls and any other structural elements, which shall have a minimum compressive strength of 4,000 pounds per square inch at 28 days.

(2) The quality of all types of finished concrete surfaces shall be that which can be truly classified as good standard practice in the trade for each respective type or kind of surface.

(3) The portland cement concrete shall consist of a homogeneous mixture of cement, water, fine aggregate, course aggregate and admixtures proportional and mixed according to the American Concrete Institute Code of latest edition and these specifications.

B. Reinforcement.

(1) Reinforcing bars shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A615 (latest revision), Grade 40.

(2) Welded plain wire fabric for concrete reinforcement shall conform to Specifications for Welded Steel Wire Fabric for Concrete Reinforcement (ASTM A185), except that welded intersections shall be spaced not farther apart than 12 inches in the direction of the principal reinforcement.

(3) All bar accessories for support, holding and spacing of reinforcement shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the Manual of Standard Practice for Detailing Reinforced Concrete Structures of the American Concrete Institute except as specifically modified by details on the design drawings as approved.

(4) Welding of reinforcement shall conform to AWS D 12.1. Plastic-tipped chairs are required for all concrete except for slabs on ground.

C. Concrete mix.

(1) Cement shall be portland cement, Type 2, conforming to ASTM C160. Fine aggregate shall meet the following gradation requirements, unless otherwise approved:

	Sieve Size	Passing by Weight
	3/8-inch	100%
	No. 4	90% to 100%
	No. 8	75% to 100%
	No. 16	50% to 85%
	No. 30	25% to 60%
	No. 50	10% to 30%
	No. 100	1% to 10%
	No. 200	0% to 3%

(2) Coarse aggregate shall be crushed stone, crushed gravel or crushed slag. This aggregate shall be clear and uncoated and meet the following gradation requirements, unless otherwise approved:

	Sieve Size (inches)	Passing by Weight (percent)
	2 1/2
	2	—
	1 1/2	100%
	1	93% to 100%
	1/2	27% to 58%
	1/4	0% to 8%

(3) Air-entraining agents shall conform in all respects to the requirements of ASTM C260, except that nonliquid agents will not be permitted. The testing to determine if the agent yields the required properties shall be performed in accordance with ASTM C233.

(4) All concrete shall contain an air content between 4% and 8%. The air content shall be determined in accordance with ASTM CI73.

(5) Admixtures shall be added in the amounts necessary to achieve the required air content and/or set retardation. These materials shall not be considered as part of the solid volume. Other admixtures shall not be used without acceptance by the Engineer for the Town.

(6) Water shall be added in the amounts required to produce a slump between 2 1/2 inches and 3 1/2 inches while maintaining a water/cement ratio of approximately 0.65 by weight.

D. Installation.

(1) A record of each concrete delivery shall be produced and provided to the representatives of the Town. This record shall contain the quantities of each aggregate component, cement, water and admixture(s) for each batch. Additionally, the batching record shall show the batch number, day, month, year and time of day.

(2) The offeror shall, at his own expense, provide representatives for the taking of concrete cylinders and making slump tests in the field, as well as retain the services of a concrete testing laboratory to make all such necessary tests and provide acceptable written reports to the Engineer for the Town.

(3) The personnel taking the concrete cylinders and making slump tests in the field shall be provided by the offeror or the testing laboratory and shall be qualified field technicians completely familiar with the required tests. All personnel are subject to acceptance of the Town.

(4) The type and capacity of all equipment used for mixing, transporting, placing and finishing concrete shall be subject to the acceptance of the Engineer for the Town.

(5) Before depositing concrete, the excavations shall be free of water, frost or loose or softened earth; the forms shall be cleaned of all debris, ice or snow.

(6) No concrete shall be placed when the atmospheric temperature is below 40° F. unless permission to do so is granted, in writing, by the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. When cold weather concreting is approved, the same shall conform to ACI 306 (latest revision), Standard Recommended Practice for Cold Weather Concreting.

(7) During periods of abnormally hot and dry weather, the contractor shall take all such appropriate actions and means to place the concrete immediately upon arrival at the site, finishing the work as soon as possible and immediately curing so as to retain moisture in the concrete and reduce temperature buildup. All concreting in hot weather shall conform to ACI 305 (latest revision), Standard Recommendation Practice for Hot Weather Conditions.

(8) All curing shall comply to the requirement of ACI Standard 308 (latest revision), Standard Recommended Practice for Curing Concrete.

(9) Expansion joints for concrete sidewalks and curbs shall be one-half-inch premolded expansion joint material meeting the specifications of ASTM D-1751.

(10) All porous or defective concrete of any kind occurring prior to final acceptance of the work shall be remedied by the offeror at his expense and to the satisfaction of the Engineer for the Town and the Town Highway Superintendent.

§ A63-21 Manhole cover castings.

For purposes of standardization and proper, timely and safe replacement, all manhole cover castings shall be Campbell No. 1007C and shall be considered standard for supply on Monroe Town roads. Substitution of or-equal castings shall be only when approved, in writing, by the Town Highway Superintendent.

§ A63-22 Guiderails.

Where called for in the design or required by the Town Highway Superintendent and/or the Engineer for the Town, the offeror shall, at his own expense, provide and install galvanized steel guide rail. Rail shall be corrugated type, W-beam type, typically with W six-by-nine posts, terminal sections, anchors and details of construction as acceptable to the Town Highway Superintendent and the Engineer for the Town. Rail shall have a minimum weight per foot of 6.8 pounds. Rail shall be mounted to the galvanized posts with galvanized bolts and plate washers. Where the top of rail height is over 27 inches, a cold-formed channel rub rail shall be provided.

§ A63-23 Street identification signs.

A. Signs shall be double-faced, assembled with engineer grade reflective sheeting on extruded aluminum blades. Signs shall be white characters on a green background, six inches in height, by length as necessary for specific installation. Letters shall be three inches, upper case, FHWA Series C, of reflective sheeting. All signs shall be manufactured per United States Bureau of Public Roads standards and shall be chemically treated to meet ASTM B449 (latest revision) for pretreatment for paint or reflective sheeting.

B. Sign posts shall be 2 3/8 inches outside diameter, sixty-five-hundredths-inch wall thickness, hot-dipped galvanized steel, ten-foot length, set three feet into solid ground.

C. Identification signs for private roads shall be of identical configuration, mounted below the private road's street name identification sign. The sign shall bear the characters "PRIVATE ROAD."

D. All street names, including those for private roads, are subject to the approval of the Town Board, and no name created shall be identical or undesirably similar to any existing street name. Any name created shall be registered with the Town Clerk.

§ A63-24 Traffic control devices; pavement markings.

A. Traffic control devices shall only be installed where approved by the Town Board and, if applicable, the other governmental agency having jurisdiction for the intersecting roadway involved. All signs and pavement markings shall be of the type, size, color, shape and general construction and placement, in accordance with the criteria called for in the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (latest revision), as promulgated by the New York State Department of Transportation, Traffic and Safety Division.

B. Signs shall be constructed of stock aluminum, manufactured in accordance with United States Bureau of Public Roads standards and treated to meet ASTM B449 for pretreatment for paint or reflective sheeting.

C. Signs shall be mounted to heavy-weight rib-back channel posts finished with a green baked-enamel coating. Posts shall be three pounds per foot weight, manufactured from high-tensile steel. Posts shall be set a minimum of three feet into solid ground, of a minimum ten-foot overall length.

§ A63-25 Encroachments.

A. Encroachments into Town right-of-way. It shall be considered unlawful for any person, persons, developer, firm or other entity to construct or cause to have constructed or place or otherwise create encroachments which are located within the Town right-of-way unless the specific item has been submitted to the Town and approved in accordance with this specification or other applicable laws.

B. Should any signs, landscaping elements, shrubs or other plants, improperly placed mailbox or any other obstruction or encroachment so exist and be deemed a hazard or otherwise an unsafe or unacceptable condition by the Town Highway Superintendent, the person, persons, developer, firm or other entity responsible for such item shall cause the encroachment to be immediately removed. Should this fail to occur within a time deemed reasonable by the Superintendent, the Town reserves the right to correct the encroachment, with the cost for the same to be borne by the responsible party.

§ A63-26 Mailboxes and delivery boxes.

A. No mailbox or newspaper delivery box, hereafter referred to as "mailbox," will be allowed to exist within a Town right-of-way if it interferes with the safety of the traveling public or the function, maintenance or operation of the roadway or pedestrian system. A mailbox installation that does not conform to the provisions of this regulation will be considered an unauthorized encroachment.

B. The location and construction of mailboxes shall conform to the rules and regulations of the United States Postal Service, as well as to standards established by this specification.

C. No mailbox will be permitted where access is obtained from the lanes of a major road or where access is otherwise prohibited by law or regulation.

D. In general, mailboxes shall be located on the right-hand side of the roadway in the direction of the delivery route except on one-way streets where they may be placed on the left-hand side. The bottom of the box shall be set at an elevation established by the United States Postal Service, usually between three feet six inches and four feet zero inches above the roadway surface. The roadside face of the box shall be offset from the edge of the traveled way a minimum distance of the greater of the following: eight feet, where no paved shoulder exists; the width of the all-weather shoulder present, plus eight to 12 inches; or the width of an all-weather turnout, plus eight to 12 inches.

E. On curbed streets, the roadside face of the mailbox shall be set back from the face of the curb a distance between six and 12 inches. On residential streets without curbs or all-weather shoulders and that carry low traffic volumes operating at low speeds, the roadside face of a mailbox shall be offset between eight and 12 inches behind the edge of pavement. Mailboxes shall not be placed so as to obstruct any sidewalk or established pedestrian way.

F. It shall be the responsibility of the owner to coordinate these requirements with the requirements of the United States Postal Service.

§ A63-27 Stabilization seeding.

A. After all construction within the right-of-way has been completed, all nonpaved areas shall be finish graded and seeded. Seeding mix shall be as follows:

	Component	Application (pounds per 1,000 square feet)
	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)	1,000
	Fertilizer (10-20-10)	14
	Limestone	135
	Mulch (unrotted straw or salt hay)	70

B. All seeding shall be performed on a ground surface consisting of a minimum of four inches of topsoil. This work may be performed at any season of the year when a mulch is used unless otherwise specified. When conditions of high winds, excessive moisture or ice are such that satisfactory results are not likely to be obtained, the work shall be stopped and will be resumed only when the desired results are likely to be obtained or when acceptable corrective measures and procedures are adopted.

C. Areas to be seeded shall be maintained at acceptable grades. Irregularities which will form low places and hold water shall be eliminated. The offeror shall care for the seeded and mulched areas until the end of the maintenance bond term. Such care shall consist of repairing any areas damaged following the seeding or mulching operations due to wind, water, fire or other causes. Such damaged areas shall be repaired to reestablish the condition and grade of the area prior to seeding and shall then be refertilized, reseeded and remulched as specified herein.

§ A63-28 Sidewalks.

No owner or occupant or other person shall place, keep, permit or suffer to be placed or kept on any sidewalk in front of, adjoining or adjacent to such premises any goods, wares, merchandise, boxes, barrels, display signs or material things of any kind or description, nor shall he in any manner obstruct any such sidewalk or in any manner obstruct or interfere with the use of any such sidewalk. Nothing contained in this chapter shall prevent such persons from placing foods, wares or merchandise on the sidewalk temporarily while loading or unloading the same, provided that it be done without unnecessary delay and provided that such goods, wares or merchandise are not allowed or permitted to remain on such sidewalks within the prohibited area for a period longer than one hour.

§ A63-29 Interpretation.

Final decision as to the interpretation of any part of these road specifications shall rest with the Town Highway Superintendent. He shall have the authority to modify the requirements of these specifications when, in his opinion, conditions make it impracticable to follow the strict letter of these specifications, when conditions make it unnecessary to do so and when it is in the best interest of the Town of Monroe.

§ A63-30 Severability

If any clause, sentence, paragraph, section, article or part of this chapter (Chapter A63 of the Town Code of the Town of Monroe) shall be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, section, article or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have been rendered.