[Amended 1-8-2002 by Ord. No. 59-2001A; 2-13-2007 Ord. No. 59-2007A]
By virtue of the obligations and authority placed upon the Township
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the "Clean
Water Act," as amended, being 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et seq.;
the 1963 Constitution of the State of Michigan; Part 31 of Public
Act No. 451 of 1994 (MCLA § 324.3101 et seq.); the 2012
City of Detroit Charter; the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit for the City of Detroit Publicly Owned Treatment
Works (POTW); the consent judgment in U.S. EPA v. City of Detroit
et al., Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
Case No. 77-1100, as amended; and existing or future contracts between
the Board of Water Commissioners and suburban communities or other
governmental or private entities; or by virtue of common law usage
of the system, this article shall apply to every user contributing
or causing to be contributed, or discharging, pollutants or wastewater
into the wastewater collection and treatment system of the City of
Detroit POTW.
[Amended 1-8-2002 by Ord. No. 59-2001A; 2-13-2007 Ord. No. 59-2007A]
For purposes of this article and unless the context specifically
indicates otherwise, the following terms and phrases shall have the
meanings ascribed to them by this section:
ACT or THE ACT
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the
"Clean Water Act," as amended, being 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et
seq.
AS-BUILT PLANS
Engineering drawings prepared after installations of wastewater
facilities which shall show a statement by a registered engineer or
surveyor certifying this to be as-built plans and shall include, but
not be limited to, length of sewer, invert elevation, locations with
respect to property lines, wye and riser locations and depths, sewer
material and joints used, and mechanical, electrical, and structural
details for pump stations, wastewater treatment facilities, and other
appurtenances.
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF INDUSTRIAL USER
A.
Responsible corporate officer, where the industrial user submitting
the reports required by this article is a corporation, who is either:
(1)
The president, vice president, secretary, or treasurer of a
corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other
person who performs similar policy or decisionmaking functions for
the corporation; or
(2)
The manager of one or more manufacturing, production, or operation
facilities employing more than 250 persons or having gross annual
sales or expenditures exceeding $25,000,000 in second-quarter 1980
dollars, when authority to execute documents has been assigned or
delegated to said manager in accordance with corporate procedures;
or
B.
A general partner or proprietor where the industrial user submitting
the reports required by this article is a partnership or sole proprietorship
respectively.
AVAILABLE CYANIDE
The quantity of cyanide that consists of cyanide ion (CN),
hydrogen cyanide in water (HCNaq), and the cyano-complexes of zinc,
copper, cadmium, mercury nickel and silver, determined by EPA Method
OIA-1677, or other method designated as a standard method or approved
under 40 CFR 136.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMP)
Programs, practices, procedures or other directed efforts
initiated and implemented by the user which can or do lead to the
reduction, conservation or minimization of pollutants being introduced
into the ecosystem, including but not limited to the Detroit sewer
system. BMPs include, but are not limited to, equipment or technology
modifications, process or procedure modifications, reformulation or
redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and improvements
in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or inventory control and may
include technical and economic considerations.
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)
The quality of dissolved oxygen utilized in the biochemical
oxidation of organic matter under standard laboratory procedure five
days at 20° C. expressed in terms of mass and concentration [milligrams
per liter (mg/l)] as measured by standard methods.
BOARD
The Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Detroit.
BUILDING DRAIN
That part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system
which receives discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes
inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the building's
sewer (house sewer). The latter begins five feet outside the inner
face of the building wall.
BYPASS
The intentional diversion of a waste stream from any portion
of an industrial user's treatment facility. (See 40 CFR 403.17.)
CENTRALIZED WASTE TREATMENT (CWT) FACILITY
Any facility that treats any hazardous or nonhazardous industrial
waste received from off site by tanker truck, trailer/roll-off bins,
drums, barges, or any other forms of shipment including:
A.
A facility that treats industrial waste received exclusively
from off site; and
B.
A facility that treats industrial waste generated on site as
well as industrial waste received from off site.
COMPATIBLE INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
Wastewater that is produced by an industrial user which has
a pollutant strength or characteristics similar to those found in
domestic wastewater, and which can be efficiently and effectively
transported and treated with domestic wastewater.
COMPATIBLE POLLUTANT
Pollutants which can be effectively removed by the POTW treatment
system to within the acceptable levels for the POTW residuals and
the receiving stream.
COMPOSITE SAMPLE
A collection of individual samples which are obtained at
regular intervals and collected on a time-proportional or flow-proportional
basis over a specified period and which provides a representative
sample of the average stream during the sampling period. A minimum
of four aliquot per 24 hours shall be used where the sample is manually
collected. (See 40 CFR 403, Appendix E.)
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
The information which would divulge information, processes
or methods of production entitled to protection as trade secrets of
the industrial user.
CONSENT JUDGMENT
The judgment issued by Federal District Court on September
14, 1977, U.S. EPA v City of Detroit et al., CA No. 77-1100, as amended.
CONTROL AUTHORITY
The Detroit Water and Sewerage Department which has been
officially designated as such by the state under the provisions of
40 CFR 403.12. [See 40 CFR 403.12(a).]
COOLING WATER
The noncontact water discharged from any use such as air
conditioning, cooling or refrigeration, and whose only function is
the exchange of heat.
COUNTY
The County of Oakland, State of Michigan, or the Oakland
County Water Resources Commissioner.
COUNTY AGENCY
The County Water Resources Commissioner. References to the
"County Department of Public Works, County Drain Commissioner" shall
also mean County Water Resources Commissioner.
DAYS
Consecutive calendar days for the purpose of computing a
period of time prescribed or allowed by this article.
DEBT SERVICE CHANGE
Charges levied to customers of the wastewater system which
are used to pay principal, interest and administrative costs of retiring
the debt incurred for construction of the wastewater system. The debt
service charge is separate and distinct and may be in addition to
the user charge as defined in this section.
DEPARTMENT
The City of Detroit Water and Sewerage Department, and authorized
employees of the Department.
DIRECT DISCHARGE
The discharge of treated or untreated wastewater directly
to the waters of the state.
DIRECTOR
The Director of the Detroit Department of Water and Sewerage,
or the Director's designee.
DISCHARGER
A person who, directly or indirectly, contributes, causes,
or permits wastewater to be discharged into the POTW.
DOMESTIC SEWAGE
Waste and wastewater from humans or household operations
which is discharged to, or otherwise enters, a treatment works.
FACILITY
A location which contributes, causes or permits wastewater
to be discharged into the POTW including, but not limited to, a place
of business, endeavor, arts, trade or commerce, whether public or
private, commercial or charitable.
FATS, OILS OR GREASE (FOG)
Any hydrocarbons, fatty acids, soaps, fats, waxes, oils,
and any other nonvolatile material of animal, vegetable or mineral
origin that is extractable by solvent in accordance with standard
methods.
FOOTING DRAIN
A pipe or conduit which is placed around the perimeter of
a building foundation and which intentionally admits groundwater.
GRAB SAMPLE
An individual sample collected over a period of time not
exceeding 15 minutes, which reasonably reflects the characteristics
of the stream at the time of sampling.
GROUNDWATER
Subsurface water occupying the saturation zone, from which
wells and springs are fed.
HOLDING TANK WASTE
Any waste from holding tanks such as vessels, chemical toilets,
campers, trailers, septic tanks, and vacuum-pump tank trucks.
INDIRECT DISCHARGE or DISCHARGE
The discharge or the introduction of pollutants into the
POTW from any nondomestic source regulated under 33 U.S.C. § 1317(b),
(c) or (d).
INDUSTRIAL USER
A person who contributes, causes or permits wastewater to
be discharged into the POTW, including, but not limited to, a place
of business, endeavor, arts, trade or commerce, whether public or
private, commercial or charitable but excludes single-family and multifamily
residential dwellings with discharges consistent with domestic waste
characteristics.
INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Any liquid, solid or gaseous waste or form of energy, or
combination thereof, resulting from any processes of industry, manufacturing,
business, trade or research, including the development, recovery or
processing of natural resources.
INFILTRATION
Any waters entering the system from the ground, through such
means, as but not limited to, defective pipes, pipe joints, connections
or manhole walls. Infiltration does not include and is distinguished
from inflow.
INFLOW
Any waters entering the system through such sources as, but
not limited to, building downspouts, footing or yard drains, cooling
water discharges, seepage lines from springs and swampy areas, and
storm drain cross-connections.
INTERFERENCE
A discharge which, alone or in conjunction with a discharge
from other sources, both:
A.
Inhibits or disrupts the POTW, its treatment processes or operations,
or its sludge processes, use or disposal; and
B.
Therefore is a cause of a violation of any requirement of the
POTW's NPDES permit (including an increase in the magnitude or
duration of a violation) or of the prevention of sewage sludge use
or disposal in compliance with the following statutory provisions
and regulations or permits issued thereunder (or more stringent state
or local regulations): Section 405 of the Clean Water Act, as amended,
being 33 U.S.C. § 1345, the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA),
as amended, [including the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA), and state regulations contained in any state sludge management
plan prepared pursuant to Subtitle D of the SWDA], the Clean Air Act,
the Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Marine Protection, Research
and Sanctuaries Act.
LOCAL
A prefix denoting jurisdiction by the Township.
NATIONAL CATEGORICAL PRETREATMENT STANDARD
Any regulation containing pollutant discharge limits promulgated
by the EPA in accordance with 33 U.S.C. § 1317(b) and (c)
which applies to a specific class or category of industrial users.
NATURAL OUTLET
Any outlet into a watercourse, pond, ditch, lake, or other
body of surface water or groundwater.
NEW SOURCE
A.
Any building, structure, facility or installation from which
there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of
which commenced after the publication of proposed pretreatment standards
under 33 U.S.C. § 1317(c) which will be applicable to such
source if such standards are thereafter promulgated in accordance
with that section, provided that:
(1)
The building, structure, facility or installation is constructed
at a site where no other source is located; or
(2)
The building, structure, facility or installation totally replaces
the process or production equipment that causes the discharge of pollutants
at an existing source; or
(3)
The production or wastewater generating processes of the building,
structure, facility or installation are substantially independent
of an existing source at the same site. In determining whether these
are substantially independent, factors such as the extent to which
the new facility is integrated with the existing plant, and the extent
to which the new facility is engaged in the same general type of activity
as the existing source, should be considered.
B.
Construction on a site where an existing source is located resulting in a modification rather than a new source if the construction does not create a new building, structure, facility or installation meeting the criteria of Subsection
A(2) or
(3) of this definition but otherwise alters, replaces, or adds to existing process or production equipment; or
C.
Construction of a new source has commenced where the owner or
operator has:
(1)
Begun, or caused to begin as part of a continuous on-site construction
program:
(a)
Any placement, assembly, or installation of facilities or equipment;
or
(b)
Significant site preparation work, including clearing, excavation,
or removal of existing buildings, structures, or facilities that are
necessary for the placement, assembly, or installation of new source
facilities or equipment; or
(2)
Entered into a binding contractual obligation for the purchase
of facilities or equipment which are intended to be used in its operation
within a reasonable time. Options to purchase or contracts which can
be terminated or modified without substantial loss, and contracts
for feasibility, engineering, and design studies do not constitute
a contractual obligation under this section.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O&M)
All work, materials, equipment, utilities and other effort
required to operate and maintain the wastewater transportation and
treatment system consistent with ensuring adequate treatment of wastewater
to produce an effluent in compliance with the NPDES permit and other
applicable state and federal regulations, and includes the cost of
replacement.
OWNER
The owners of record of the freehold of the premises or lesser
estate therein, a mortgagor or vendee in possession, assignee of rents,
receiver, executor, trustee, lessee, or other person, firm or corporation
in control of a building.
PASS-THROUGH
Discharge which exits the POTW into waters of the United
States in quantities or concentrations, which alone or in conjunction
with a discharge from other sources, is a cause of a violation of
any requirement of the POTW's NPDES permit including an increase
in the magnitude or duration of a violation.
PERSON
Any individual, partnership, copartnership, firm, company,
corporation, association, joint stock company, trust, estate, unit
of government, school district, or any other legal entity, or their
legal representatives, agent or assigns.
pH
The intensity of the acid or base condition of a solution,
calculated by taking the negative base-ten logarithm of the hydrogen
ion activity. Activity is deemed to be equal to concentration in moles
per liter.
POLLUTANT
Any dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage
garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical waste, biological materials,
radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discharged equipment, rock,
sand, cellar dirt, or industrial, municipal and agricultural waste
which is discharged into water.
POLLUTION
The introduction of any pollutant that, alone or in combination
with any other substance, can or does result in the degradation or
impairment of the chemical, physical, biological or radiological integrity
of water.
PRETREATMENT
The reduction of the amount of pollutants, the removal of
pollutants, or the alteration of the nature of pollutant properties
in wastewater to a less harmful state prior to or in lieu of discharging
or otherwise introducing such pollutants into the POTW. The reduction,
removal or alteration may be attained by physical, chemical or biological
processes, or process changes by other means, except as prohibited
by federal, state or local law, rules and regulations.
PRETREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
Any substantive or procedural requirements related to pretreatment,
other than a national pretreatment standard imposed on an industrial
user. [See 40 CFR 403.3(r).]
PRETREATMENT STANDARDS
All national categorical pretreatment standards, the general prohibitions specified in 40 CFR 403.5(a), the specific prohibitions delineated in 40 CFR 403.5(b), and the local or specific limits developed pursuant to 40 CFR 403.5(c), including the discharge prohibitions specified in §
415-21B.
PRIVATE
A prefix denoting jurisdiction by a nongovernmental entity.
PUBLIC
A prefix denoting jurisdiction by any governmental subdivision
or agency.
PUBLIC SEWER
A sewer of any type controlled by a governmental entity.
PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (POTW)
A treatment works as defined by 33 U.S.C. § 1292(2)(A),
which is owned by a state or municipality, as defined in 33 U.S.C.
§ 1362, including:
A.
Any devices and systems used in the storage, treatment, recycling,
or reclamation of municipal sewage or industrial waste of a liquid
nature;
B.
Sewers, pipes and other conveyances only if they convey wastewater
to a POTW treatment plant; or
C.
The municipality, as defined in 33 U.S.C. § 1362,
which has jurisdiction over the indirect discharges to and the discharges
from such a treatment works.
POTW TREATMENT PLANT
That portion of the POTW designed to provide treatment to
wastewater, including recycling and reclamation of wastewater.
QUALIFICATION LEVEL
The measurement of the concentration of a contaminant obtained
by using a specified laboratory procedure calculated at a specified
concentration above the detection level. It is considered the lowest
concentration at which a particular contaminant can be quantitatively
measured using a specified laboratory procedure for monitoring of
the contaminant.
REPLACEMENT
The replacement in whole or in part of any equipment, appurtenances
and accessories in the wastewater transportation or treatment systems
to insure continuous treatment of wastewater in accordance with the
NPDES permit and other applicable state and federal regulations.
REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
Any sample of wastewater, which accurately and precisely
represents the actual quality, character, and condition of one or
more pollutants in the waste stream being sampled. Representative
samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with 40 CFR
136.
SANITARY WASTEWATER
The portion of wastewater that is not attributable to industrial
activities and is similar to discharges from domestic sources, including,
but not limited to, discharges from sanitary facilities and discharges
incident to the preparation of food for on-site noncommercial consumption.
SERVICE AREA
Any area whose wastewater is received by the Township or
the county for the transmission for treatment by the City of Detroit
DWSD.
SEWER
A pipe or conduit that carries wastewater or discharge water.
See the following definitions modifying sewer:
A.
BUILDING SEWERIn plumbing, the extension from the building drain to the public sewer or other place of disposal. Also called "house connection."
B.
COMBINED SEWERA sewer intending to receive both wastewater and stormwater, surface or drainage water.
C.
COMMON SEWERA sewer in which all owners of abutting properties have equal rights.
E.
INTERCEPTING SEWERA sewer that received dry-weather flow from a number of transverse sewers of outlets in frequently additional predetermined quantities of stormwater, if from a combined system, and conducts such waters to a point for treatment of disposal.
F.
LATERAL SEWERThat portion of the sewer system located under the street, within the street right-of-way, or easement and which collects sewage from a particular property for transfer to the trunk line or interceptor. A sewer which is designed to receive a building sewer.
G.
MUNICIPAL SEWERA public sewer exclusive of a county sewer or City of Detroit sewer.
H.
PUBLIC SEWERA common sewer controlled by a governmental agency or public utility.
I.
SANITARY SEWERA sewer that carries liquid and water-carried waste from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together with minor quantities of groundwater, stormwater, surface water and drainage water and are not admitted intentionally.
J.
STORM SEWERA sewer that carries stormwater and surface water, street wash and other wash waters, or drainage, but excludes domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. Also called a "storm drain."
K.
TRUNK SEWER or TRUNK LINEA sewer which connects the lateral sewer to the intercepting sewer and to which building sewers may be connected.
SHALL
"Shall" is mandatory.
SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRIAL USERS
Any user of the POTW who:
A.
Has an average discharge flow of 25,000 gallons per day or more
of process wastewater excluding sanitary, boiler blowdown, and noncontact
cooling water;
B.
Has discharges subject to the national categorical pretreatment
standards;
C.
Requires pretreatment to comply with the specific pollutant
limitations of this article;
D.
Has in its discharge toxic pollutants as defined pursuant to
33 U.S.C. § 1317, or other applicable federal and state
laws or regulations, that are in concentrations and volumes which
are subject to regulation under this article as determined by the
department;
E.
Is required to obtain a permit for the treatment, storage or
disposal of hazardous waste pursuant to regulations adopted by this
state or adopted under the Federal Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended
by the Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended,
and may or does contribute or allow waste or wastewater into the POTW,
including, but not limited to, leachate or runoff; or
F.
Is found by the City of Detroit or the Township to have a reasonable
potential for adverse effect, either singly or in combination with
other contributing industries, on the POTW operation, the quality
of sludge, the POTW's effluent quality, or air emissions generated
by the POTW.
SIGNIFICANT NONCOMPLIANCE
Any violation which meets one or more of the following criteria:
A.
"Chronic violations of wastewater discharge limits," defined
as those in which 66% or more of all of the measurements taken during
a six-month period exceed by any magnitude the daily maximum limit
or the average limit for the same parameter;
B.
"Technical review criteria (TRC) violations," defined as those
in which 33% or more of all of the measurements for each pollutant
parameter taken during a six-month period equal or exceed the product
of the daily maximum limit or the average limit multiplied by the
applicable TRC (TRC = 1.4 for BOD, TSS, fats, oil and grease, and
1.2 for all other pollutants except pH);
C.
Any other violation of a pretreatment effluent limit (daily
maximum or longer- term average) that the department determines has
caused, alone or in combination with other discharges, interference
or pass-through including endangering the health of POTW personnel
or the general public;
D.
Any discharge of a pollutant that has caused imminent endangerment
to human health or welfare, or to the environment, or has resulted
in the POTW's exercise of its emergency authority;
E.
Failure to meet a compliance schedule milestone contained in
a local control mechanism, or enforcement order for starting construction,
completing construction, or attaining final compliance within 90 days
after the scheduled date;
F.
Failure to provide required reports such as baseline monitoring
reports, ninety-day compliance reports, periodic self-monitoring reports,
and reports on compliance with compliance schedules within 30 days
after the due date;
G.
Failure to accurately report noncompliance; or
H.
Any other violation or group of violations which the department
determines will adversely affect the operation or implementation of
the local pretreatment program.
SLUG
Any discharge of a nonroutine episodic nature including,
but not limited to, an accidental spill or a noncustomary bath discharge.
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (SIC)
A classification pursuant to the Standard Industrial Classification
Manual issued by the Executive Office of the President, Office of
Management and Budget, 1987, as amended.
STANDARD METHODS
Methods set forth in 40 CFR 136, "Guidelines for Establishing
Test Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants" or the laboratory procedures
set forth in the latest edition, at the time of analysis, of "Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater" prepared and
published jointly by the American Public Health Association, the American
Water Works Association, and the Water Pollution Control Federation,
or methods set forth in 40 CFR 136, "Guidelines for Establishing Test
Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants." Where these two references
are in disagreement regarding procedures for the analysis of a specific
pollutant, the methods given in 40 CFR 136 shall be followed.
STORMWATER
Any flow occurring during or following any form of natural
precipitation and resulting therefrom.
SUPERINTENDENT
The Director of the Township Department of Public Works or
his duly authorized representative.
SUPERVISOR
The Township Supervisor of the Township or his/her authorized
representative.
SURFACE WATER
A.
All water on the surface as distinguished from groundwater or
subterranean water.
B.
Water appearing on the surface in a diffused state, with no
permanent source of supply or regular course for any considerable
time, as distinguished from water appearing in watercourses, lakes,
or ponds.
SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TOTAL)
The total suspended matter which floats on the surface of,
or is suspended in, water, wastewater or other liquids, and is removable
by laboratory filtration or as measured by standard methods.
TOTAL EQUIVALENT MASTER METERED WATER CONSUMPTION
The equivalent to the total amount of potable water used
by a municipality as recorded by a master water meter for sewered
premises, and shall include, but not be limited to, fire protection
water, gardening and lawn water.
TOTAL PCB
The sum of the individual analytical results for each of
the PCB Aroclors 1016, 1221, 1232, 1242, 1248, 1254, and 1260 during
any single sampling event with any aroclor result less than the quantification
level being treated as zero.
TOTAL PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
The sum of the individual analytical results for each of
the phenolic compounds of 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol,
2,4-dischlorophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-nitrophenol,
and phenol during any single sampling event expressed in mg/l.
TOXIC POLLUTANT
Any pollutant or combination of pollutants designated as
toxic in regulations promulgated by the administrator of the United
States Environmental Protection Agency under the provisions of the
Clean Water Act, being 33 U.S.C. § 1317, or included in
the Critical Materials Register promulgated by the State Department
of Environmental Quality, or by other federal or state laws, rules
or regulations.
TRADE SECRET
The whole, or any portion or phase, of any proprietary manufacturing
process or method, not patented, which is secret, is useful in compounding
an article of trade having a commercial value, and whose secrecy the
owner has taken reasonable measures to prevent from becoming available
to persons other than those selected by the owner to have access for
limited purposes but excludes any information regarding the quantum
or character of waste products or their constituents discharged or
sought to be discharged into the Detroit wastewater treatment plant,
or into the wastewater system tributary thereto.
UPSET
An exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and
temporary noncompliance with limits imposed under this article or
with national categorical pretreatment standards due to factors beyond
the reasonable control of the industrial user but excludes noncompliance
to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment
facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventative
maintenance, or careless or improper operation.
USER
Any person who, directly or indirectly, contributes, causes
or permits the discharge of wastewater into the POTW as defined in
this section.
USER CHARGE
A charge levied on users of a treatment works for the cost
of operation and maintenance of sewerage works pursuant to Section
204(b) of PL 92-500 and includes the cost of replacement.
WASTEWATER or WASTE STREAM
The liquid and water-carried industrial or domestic wastes
of dwellings, commercial buildings, industrial facilities, and institutions,
whether treated or untreated, which are contributed to or permitted
to enter the POTW including infiltration and inflow waters, stormwater,
and cooling water.
WATERS OF THE STATE
Groundwater, lakes, rivers, streams, all other watercourses
and waters within the confines of this state as well as bordering
this state in the form of the Great Lakes.