[Ord. 441, 7/2/2012]
As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the
meanings indicated:
ADAMS COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT
As defined in Section 3(c) of the Conservation District Law
[3 P.S. § 851(c)], that has the authority under a delegation
agreement executed with DEP to administer and enforce all or a portion
of the regulations promulgated under 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102.
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY
Activities associated with agriculture, such as agricultural
cultivation, agricultural operation, and animal heavy-use areas. This
includes the work of producing crops including tillage, land clearing,
plowing, disking, harrowing, planting, harvesting crops or the pasturing
and raising of livestock and installation of conservation measures.
Construction of new buildings or impervious area is not considered
an agricultural activity.
ALTERATION
As applied to land, a change in topography as a result of
the moving of soil and rock from one location or position to another;
changing of surface conditions by causing the surface to be more or
less impervious; land disturbance.
APPLICANT
A landowner, developer, or other person who has filed an
application to the Borough of New Oxford for approval to engage in
any regulated activity at a project site in the Borough of New Oxford.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (BMP)
Activities, facilities, designs, measures, or procedures
used to manage stormwater impacts from regulated activities, to meet
state water quality requirements, to promote groundwater recharge,
and to otherwise meet the purposes of this chapter.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE, STRUCTURAL
Measures consisting of a physical device or practice that
is installed to capture and treat stormwater runoff. Structural BMPs
include, but are not limited to, a wide variety of practices and devices,
from large-scale retention ponds and constructed wetlands to small-scale
underground treatment systems, infiltration facilities, filter strips,
low-impact design, bioretention, wet ponds, permeable paving, grassed
swales, riparian or forested buffers, sand filters, detention basins,
and manufactured devices. Structural stormwater BMPs are permanent
appurtenances to the project site.
BMP MANUAL
Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual,
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, December 2006
(Document No. 363-0300-002), as amended and updated.
BOROUGH
Borough of New Oxford, Adams County, Pennsylvania.
BOROUGH COUNCIL
Borough Council of the Borough of New Oxford, Adams County,
Pennsylvania.
BOROUGH ENGINEER
A professional engineer licensed as such in the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, duly appointed as the engineer for the Borough of
New Oxford, Adams County, Pennsylvania.
CULVERT
A structure which carries surface water through an obstruction.
DAM
An impoundment structure regulated by the Pennsylvania DEP
Chapter 105 regulations.
DEP
The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.
DESIGN STORM
The magnitude and temporal distribution of precipitation
from a storm event measured in probability of occurrence, e.g., a
five-year storm, and duration, e.g., 24 hours, used in the design
and evaluation of stormwater management systems.
DETENTION BASIN
A structure designed to retard stormwater runoff by temporarily
storing and releasing the runoff at a predetermined rate.
DETENTION VOLUME
The volume of runoff that is captured and released into the
waters of the commonwealth at a controlled rate.
DISCONNECTED IMPERVIOUS AREA (DIA)
An impervious or impermeable surface that is disconnected
from any stormwater drainage or conveyance system and is redirected
or directed to a pervious area, which allows for infiltration, filtration,
and/or increased time of concentration.
DISTURBED AREA
An unstabilized land area where an earth disturbance activity
is occurring or has occurred.
DOWNSLOPE PROPERTY LINE
That portion of the property line of the lot, tract, or parcels
of land being developed located such that all overland or piped flow
from the site would be directed toward it.
DRAINAGE CONVEYANCE FACILITY
A stormwater management facility designed to convey stormwater
runoff and shall include, but shall not be limited to, streams, channels,
swales, pipes, conduits, culverts and storm sewers.
DRAINAGE EASEMENT
A right granted in perpetuity running with the land by a
landowner to a grantee, allowing the use of private land for stormwater
management, drainage, or conveyance purposes.
E&S MANUAL
The Pennsylvania DEP Erosion and Sedimentation Control Manual,
as amended and updated.
EARTH DISTURBANCE ACTIVITY
A construction or other human activity which disturbs the
surface of the land, including land clearing and grubbing, grading,
excavations, embankments, land development, agricultural plowing or
tilling, operation of animal heavy-use areas, timber harvesting activities,
road maintenance activities, oil and gas activities, well drilling,
mineral extraction, and the moving, depositing, stockpiling, or storing
of soil, rock or earth materials.
EROSION
The natural process by which the surface of the land is worn
away by water, wind, or chemical action.
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
The combined process of water surface evaporation, soil moisture
evaporation, and plant transpiration.
EXISTING CONDITION
The dominant land cover during the five-year period immediately
preceding a proposed regulated activity.
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency.
FLOODPLAIN
Any land area susceptible to inundation by water from any
natural source or delineated by applicable FEMA maps and studies as
being a special flood hazard area.
FOREST MANAGEMENT/TIMBER OPERATIONS
Planning and activities necessary for the management of forestland.
These include conducting a timber inventory, preparation of a forest
management plan, silvicultural treatment, developing or establishing
a cutting budget, logging road design and construction, timber harvesting,
site preparation, and reforestation.
FREEBOARD
A vertical distance between the elevation of the design high
water and the top of a dam, levee, tank, basin, or diversion ridge.
The space is required as a safety margin in a pond or basin.
GRADE
A slope, usually of a road, channel or natural ground specified
in percent and shown on plans as specified herein.
HYDROLOGIC SOIL GROUP (HSG)
A group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar
storm and cover conditions. HSGs range from A to D, with A soils being
the most pervious and D soils being the least pervious.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE (IMPERVIOUS AREA)
A surface that prevents the infiltration of water into the
ground. Impervious surfaces and areas include but are not limited
to roofs, additional indoor living spaces, patios and decks, garages,
storage sheds and similar structures, streets, driveways, access drives,
parking areas, and sidewalks. Any areas designed to be covered by
loose surfacing materials, such as gravel, stone and/or crushed stone,
and intended for storage of and/or travel by vehicles or pedestrians
shall be considered impervious. Surfaces or areas designed, constructed
and maintained to permit infiltration may be considered pervious.
INFILTRATION
Water flowing downward through the ground surface.
INFILTRATION STRUCTURES
A structure designed to direct runoff into the ground (e.g.,
french drains, seepage pits, and seepage trenches).
INLET
A surface connection to a closed drain. A structure at the
diversion end of a conduit. The upstream end of any structure through
which water may flow.
INVASIVE/EXOTIC PLANTS
Plant species on the "Invasive Exotic Plants in Pennsylvania
List" published by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and
Natural Resources, as amended.
KARST
A type of topography or landscape characterized by surface
depressions, sinkholes, rock pinnacles/uneven bedrock surface, underground
drainage, and caves. Karst is formed on carbonate rocks, such as limestone
or dolomite.
LAND DEVELOPMENT
Includes any of the following activities:
1.
The improvement of one lot or two or more contiguous lots, tracts,
or parcels of land for any purpose involving:
A.
A group of two or more residential or nonresidential buildings,
whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single nonresidential
building on a lot or lots regardless of the number of occupants or
tenure; or
B.
The division or allocation of land or space, whether initially
or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing or prospective
occupants by means of or for the purpose of streets, common areas,
leaseholds, condominiums, building groups, or other features.
3.
Development in accordance with Section 503(1.1) of the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code.
LIMIT OF DISTURBANCE
A line provided on the E&S plan or SWM plan that indicates
the total area to be disturbed over the life of the project.
LOADING RATIO
The ratio of impervious area draining to a stormwater management
facility to the area of the stormwater management facility itself.
MANNING EQUATION (MANNING FORMULA)
A method for calculation of velocity of flow (e.g., feet
per second) and flow rate (e.g., cubic feet per second) in open channels
based upon channel shape, roughness, depth of flow and slope. "Open
channels" may include closed conduits so long as the flow is not under
pressure.
NOAA ATLAS 14
Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the United States, Atlas
14, Volume 2, United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Hydrometeorological
Design Studies Center, Silver Spring, Maryland (2004). NOAA's
Atlas 14 can be accessed at Internet address http://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/.
NOXIOUS PLANT
Those species as listed in the Pennsylvania Noxious Weed
Control Law (3 P.S. §§ 255.1 through 255.11), as amended
and/or recodified.
NPDES
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System, as authorized
by the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. § 1251 et seq. [1972],
as amended).
NPDES PERMIT
A permit required for stormwater discharges associated with
construction activities, as required by the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C.
§ 1251 et seq. [1972], as amended).
NRCS
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (previously SCS).
O&M
Operation and maintenance.
O&M PLAN
Operation and maintenance plan.
OPEN CHANNEL
A drainage element in which stormwater flows with an open
surface. Open channels include, but shall not be limited to, natural
and man-made drainageways, swales, streams, ditches, canals, and pipes
not under pressure.
OUTFALL
1.
Point where water flows from a conduit, stream, or drain;
2.
"Point source" as described in 40 CFR 122.2 at the point where
the Borough's storm sewer system discharges to surface waters
of the commonwealth.
OUTLET
Points of water disposal from a stream, river, lake, tidewater,
or artificial drain.
PCSM
Post-construction stormwater management.
PCSM PLAN
Post-construction stormwater management plan.
PEAK DISCHARGE
The maximum rate of stormwater runoff from a specific storm
event.
PIPE
A culvert, closed conduit, or similar structure (including
appurtenances) that conveys stormwater.
POINT SOURCE
Any discernible, confined, or discrete conveyance, including,
but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, CAAP, CAFO, landfill leachate
collection system, or vessel or other floating craft from which pollutants
are or may be discharged.
PROJECT SITE (SITE)
The specific area of land where any regulated activity in
the Borough of New Oxford is planned for, conducted on, constructed,
or maintained.
QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL
Any person licensed by the Pennsylvania Department of State
or otherwise qualified by law to perform the work required by the
chapter.
REDUCTION FACTOR
A form of safety factor that, when multiplied by the site-tested
infiltration rate, is used to help determine the design infiltration
rate for a stormwater management facility.
REGULATED ACTIVITIES
Any earth disturbance activities or any activities that involve
the alteration or development of land in a manner that may affect
stormwater runoff.
REMOVED RUNOFF
The volume of runoff that is captured and not released directly
into the surface waters of the commonwealth during or after a storm
event.
RETENTION BASIN
An impoundment in which stormwater is stored and not released
to surface waters of the commonwealth.
RETENTION VOLUME/REMOVED RUNOFF
The volume of runoff that is captured and not released directly
into the surface waters of this commonwealth during or after a storm
event.
RETURN PERIOD
The average interval, in years, within which a storm event
of a given magnitude can be expected to occur one time. For example,
the twenty-five-year-return-period rainfall would be expected to occur
on average once every 25 years, or stated in another way, the probability
of a twenty-five-year storm occurring in any one year is 0.04, i.e.,
a four-percent chance.
RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER
A type of riparian buffer that consists of permanent vegetation
that is predominantly native trees and shrubs along surface waters
that is maintained in a natural state or sustainably managed to protect
and enhance water quality, stabilize stream channels and banks, and
separate land use activities from surface waters.
RUNOFF
Any part of precipitation that flows over the land.
RUNOFF CAPTURE VOLUME
The volume of runoff that is captured (retained) and not
released into surface waters of the commonwealth during or after a
storm event.
SAFETY FACTOR
An adjustment applied to a site-tested infiltration rate
to ensure that the designed infiltration rate for a stormwater management
facility is less than that shown under tested conditions.
SEDIMENT
Soils or other materials transported by surface water as
a product of erosion.
SHEET FLOW
Runoff that flows over the ground surface as a thin, even
layer, not concentrated in a channel.
SIMPLIFIED APPROACH (SA)
A process that property owners proposing certain types of
projects may utilize to prepare a stormwater management plan without
having to conduct the detailed technical analysis and design required
for larger projects.
SOIL COVER COMPLEX METHOD
A method of runoff computation developed by the NRCS that
is based on relating soil type and land use/cover to a runoff parameter
called curve number (CN).
SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREAS
Those areas outlined in Chapter
7 of the BMP Manual. Special management areas include brownfields, highways and roads, karst areas, mined lands, water supply well areas, surface water supplies and special protection waters.
SPILLWAY (EMERGENCY)
A depression in the embankment of a pond or basin, or other
overflow structure, that is used to pass peak discharges greater than
the maximum design storm controlled by the pond or basin.
STATE WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
The regulatory requirements to protect, maintain, reclaim,
and restore water quality under Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code
and the Clean Streams Law.
STORM FREQUENCY
The number of times that a given storm "event" occurs or
is exceeded on the average in a stated period of years. See also "return
period."
STORM SEWER
A pipe or conduit, or a system of pipes or conduits, which
intercepts and carries surface stormwater runoff, but excludes sewage,
industrial wastes and similar discharges.
STORMWATER
Drainage runoff from the surface of the land resulting from
precipitation, snowmelt or icemelt.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY
Any structure, natural or man-made, that, due to its condition,
design, or construction, conveys, stores, or otherwise affects stormwater
runoff. Typical stormwater management facilities include, but are
not limited to, detention and retention basins; open channels; storm
sewers; pipes; and infiltration facilities.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (the Plan)
The Adams County Stormwater Management Plan of January 27,
2012, which incorporates the requirements of the Act of October 4,
1978, P.L. 864 (Act 167), as amended, and known as the "Storm Water
Management Act."
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land
by any means into two or more lots, tracts or parcels or other divisions
of land, including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose,
whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for
distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building
or lot development; provided, however, that the subdivision by lease
of land for agricultural purposes of an area of more than 10 acres,
not involving any new street or easement of access or any residential
dwelling, shall not be considered a subdivision.
SWALE
A low-lying stretch of land which gathers and/or carries
surface water runoff.
SWM
Stormwater management.
TIME OF CONCENTRATION (Tc)
The time for surface runoff to travel from the hydraulically
most distant point of the watershed to a point of interest within
the watershed. This time is the combined total of overland flow time
and flow time in pipes or channels, if any.
USDA
United States Department of Agriculture.
WATERS OF THE COMMONWEALTH
Any and all rivers, streams, creeks, rivulets, impoundments,
ditches, watercourses, storm sewers, lakes, dammed water, wetlands,
ponds, springs, and all other bodies or channels of conveyance of
surface and underground water, or parts thereof, whether natural or
artificial, within or on the boundaries of the commonwealth.
WATERSHED
Region or area drained by a river, watercourse, or other
surface water of this commonwealth.
WETLAND
Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater
at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under
normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically
adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, including swamps, marshes,
bogs, and similar areas.