The subdivider or developer shall grade and pave the streets and install all other necessary improvements at no expense to the Township including where required, curbs, sidewalks, water mains, erosion, sedimentation and water management control facilities, sanitary and storm sewers, street lights, fire hydrants, street name signs, and other facilities and utilities required by the Board, in strict accordance with the requirements of this article and the standards and specifications of the Township. Construction and inspection of all such facilities and utilities shall be subject to inspection by appropriate Township officials during the progress of the work. The subdivider or developer shall not begin work on structures in any part of the subdivision or land development until the streets in that part have been graded to within four inches of the finished grade.
Materials and construction standards for streets, curbs and gutters, sidewalks and any other facilities or utilities required by the Township shall conform to regulations and standards of the Township.
A. 
Monuments and markers must be placed so that the scored or marked point coincides exactly with the point of intersection of the lines being monumented. Monuments and markers must be set so they are level with the finished grade of the surrounding ground. Monuments must be marked on top with a copper or brass plate or dowel set in the concrete.
B. 
Permanent monuments shall be placed throughout the subdivision in accordance with the Township specifications, to give full surveying control for each block and for all areas of dedicated land or public easement. Monuments shall not be set in the ground until final grading is completed.
C. 
Generally all work shall conform to standards put forth by the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping and the following minimum standards:
(1) 
Monuments. Monuments shall be four inches square at the surface, 30 inches long and made of concrete, stone, or by setting a four-inch cast iron or steel pipe filled with concrete. Monuments shall be set as follows:
(a) 
At the intersection of all street right-of-way lines.
(b) 
At the intersection of lines forming angles in boundaries of the subdivision.
(c) 
Monuments shall not be required for subdivisions with no new public roads involving one or more lot additions and/or less than 20 residential lots.
(d) 
A minimum of two monuments shall be required for subdivisions not meeting the criteria of § 22-32C(1)(c), provided, however, that there is a clear sight between monuments. The Township reserves the right to require additional monuments at such places as may be required by the Engineer to adequately establish horizontal control.
(e) 
A minimum of three monuments shall be required for subdivisions of 50 lots or more; provided, however, that there is a clear sight between monuments. The Township reserves the right to require additional monuments at such places as may be required by the Engineer to adequately establish horizontal control.
(2) 
Markers. Markers shall be 3/4 of an inch square or 3/4 of an inch diameter, and 15 inches long. Markers shall be made of iron or steel bars. Markers shall be set:
(a) 
At all lot corners except those monumented.
(b) 
Prior to the time the lot is offered for sale or after the building is erected and grading is complete.
(c) 
Landmarks. Whenever possible, or whenever directed by the Township Supervisors or Planning Commission, subdividers and land developers shall preserve trees more than six inches in diameter at the trunk, groves, waterways, scenic points, historic spots and other community assets and landmarks.
A. 
General. All street construction shall be subject to supervision by the Township Supervisors, or their representatives, and shall be consistent with the grades and dimensions drawn on the plans, profiles, and cross-sections submitted by the applicant and approved by the Township Supervisors. Figure 2 that follows illustrates an acceptable typical cross-section for streets and roads within the Township. The applicant shall reimburse the Township for the actual cost of the required final inspection of the subgrade and subbase construction by the Township Supervisors, or their representatives.
B. 
Subgrade. Prior to laying the subbase, the applicant shall:
(1) 
Remove all top soil from the designated cartway;
(2) 
Remove all pockets of soft yielding, or otherwise unsatisfactory material prior to laying subbase the applicant shall use eight inches of approved shale, or acceptable coarse-grained material;
(3) 
Bring the cartway to grade level with approved shale, or acceptable, coarse-grained material, compacted at six inch depth intervals;
(4) 
Make provisions for adequate surface and subsurface drainage; and
(5) 
Install required utilities.
C. 
Subbase. The applicant shall notify the Township Supervisors in writing of impending construction of the subbase, and thereby, request final inspection of the subgrade. The subbase shall consist of six inches of 2A modified stone rolled and compacted, or four inches of compacted approved shale four inches of 2A modified stone, rolled and compacted.
D. 
Pavement. The applicant shall notify the Township Supervisors in writing of the impending construction of the pavement, and thereby, request final inspection of the subbase. The pavement, including shoulders, shall be:
(1) 
Base course consisting of three inches of compacted ID-2 with a wearing coat of 1 and 1/2 inches of ID-2 sealed at curbs, if applicable.
(2) 
Motor/Pave with a four-inch FB-I compacted base, and two inches of compacted and sealed (FB-I) wearing course.
(3) 
The applicant shall permanently mark the centerline of all proposed collector roads with a four-inch wide yellow line.
E. 
Arterial streets. For the construction of arterial roads or highways, the subdivider shall consult the Township Supervisors and be governed by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation for the method of construction to be used. The Township Supervisors on the recommendation of the Commission, shall decide if a collector or arterial street is required as a direct result of the construction of his subdivision.
F. 
Commercial & industrial driveway entrances. Driveway entrances or aprons within the street right-of-way shall be surfaced to their full width, and in no case shall be less than 10 feet, the type of surface to be the same as specified above. Where sidewalks are installed, the required driveway surfacing shall end at the street side of the sidewalk.
(1) 
Driveway entrances along streets, where curbs are not required, shall be constructed to provide proper drainage along the streets and from the streets by the continuation of gutters, swales or ditches.
(2) 
Driveway entrances along streets, where curbs are required, shall be constructed so that the driveway meets the edge of the cartway as a continuation of the slope from the crown of the street for not less than five feet.
All construction of sidewalks within the Township shall conform to all of the following minimum requirements:
A. 
Installation. Wherever a proposed subdivision or land development shall have an average of four or more lots or dwelling units per net acre or is immediately adjacent to or within 1,000 feet of any existing or recorded subdivision or land development located along the same side of a connecting street having sidewalks, sidewalks shall be installed on all lot frontages.
(1) 
Sidewalks shall be within the right-of-way of the street.
(2) 
Sidewalks must be at least four feet wide. In the vicinity of shopping centers, schools, recreation areas and other such facilities, sidewalks must be at least five feet wide and located within the street right-of-way.
B. 
Construction. Sidewalks shall be constructed of cement concrete according to the standards set forth in the most recent edition or revision of PennDOT Specifications, Form 408.
A. 
If a public sanitary sewer system is available within 500 feet of any part of the proposed subdivision, mobile home park, or land development the subdivider or developer shall design and install a system including laterals which shall be connected to the public system and which shall serve every property within the proposed project. All plans and installations shall be subject to the approval of Metal Township Supervisors. The Board of Supervisors reserves the right to waive this requirement where owing to topographic features, character of development or capacity of existing facilities such connection would be an undue hardship.
B. 
Where a public sanitary sewer system is not accessible but is planned for extension to the subdivision or land development or to within 500 feet of any part of the subdivision or land development, the subdivider or developer shall install sewer lines, including lateral connections, to provide adequate service to each lot within the proposed project when connection with the public system is made. The sewer lines shall be capped at the limits of the subdivision, mobile home park, or land development and the laterals shall be capped at the street or sewerage right-of-way line. All plans and installations shall be subject to the approval of the Metal Township Supervisors. When capped sewers are provided, on-site disposal facilities shall also be provided. (A sewer shall be considered to be planned for extension to a given area any time after engineering and related studies have been approved by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and other agencies preparatory to the construction of facilities within 500 feet of any part of the subdivision or land development.) In lieu of providing the required sewer facilities, the subdivider or developer may upon approval of the Metal Township Supervisors escrow an amount of money necessary to cover the costs of providing the required sewer facilities under terms acceptable to the Board of Supervisors.
C. 
In any portion of the Township defined in Subsection B above where a central sewerage system is proposed, such system shall be subject to the approval of the Metal Township Board of Supervisors and the Authority to whom the system is to be dedicated which may establish conditions for future acceptance by the Board and/or Authority of such system. Such conditions may include a deferral of acceptance or a permanent refusal to accept.
D. 
When a proposed subdivision or land development intends to utilize a public or Township owned water supply system, the subdivider or land developer shall submit to the Township satisfactory evidence from the applicable agency approving of such utilization.
E. 
All private, central water supply systems shall be designed in accordance with the applicable regulations of the Department of Environmental Protection.
A. 
Scope. A stormwater management plan shall be required for each subdivision or land development at both the preliminary and final plan submittal stage. As an integral part of the stormwater management plan, erosion and sedimentation control measures shall be included. For the purposes of this section of the chapter, any expansion or construction which covers an area in excess of 8,000 square feet of impervious and/or stone area shall require a stormwater management plan approved by the Township Engineer in accordance with the applicable regulations of this section. The 8,000 square foot requirement applies to an individual large project, projects that exceed a cumulative total of 8,000 square feet after the effective date of this chapter, and any projects occurring after the 8,000 square foot level has been reached.
B. 
Waiver. Any request for waivers of a stormwater management plan shall be reviewed on an individual site basis using the criteria contained in this section. A waiver of these standards may be granted by the Supervisors for a development or subdivision, which can be demonstrated to generate no increase in stormwater runoff.
C. 
Content of stormwater management plan.
(1) 
A general description of the proposed project along with a narrative of the management proposal and conclusions describing the stormwater management techniques, type of storage and conveyance facilities, and a comparison between pre-development and post-development runoff levels.
(2) 
Project location on a 7.5 minute U.S.G.S. Map or equivalent.
(3) 
Topographic features of this site and adjacent lands that are considered to impact upon the stormwater management plan design.
(4) 
Runoff calculations for the entire watershed and related design computations necessary to substantiate the proposed temporary and permanent stormwater management facilities.
(5) 
Design and specifications of temporary and permanent stormwater management facilities.
(6) 
Staging or implementation schedule for constructing the proposed stormwater control system.
(7) 
Maintenance and ownership provisions.
(8) 
The characteristics of the subsurface strata beneath any stormwater facility. The potential for the development of sinkholes and other karst-related features shall be described.
(9) 
Seal and signature of the registered engineer or surveyor responsible for the stormwater management plan.
D. 
Design standards. The design of all stormwater management facilities shall incorporate sound engineering principles and practices. The Township shall reserve the right to disapprove any design that would result in the occupancy or continuation of an adverse hydrologic or hydraulic condition within the watershed. Computations for determining stormwater runoff and for the design of stormwater management facilities for drainage areas greater than 30 acres shall be based upon the soil-cover complex method described in either "TR-55, Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds"; the "United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Engineering Field Manual"; or the "Soil Conservation Service National Engineering Handbook," § 4. Drainage areas of 20 acres or less shall be based upon the modified rational procedure as described in "Recommended Hydrologic Procedures for Computing Urban Runoff from Small Watersheds in Pennsylvania," available from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Environmental Protection. Either method may be used for areas between 20 and 30 acres. For each area or subarea analyzed, use the same analytical method for the pre-development and postdevelopment conditions. The Township may require that computed existing runoff rates be reconciled with field observations and conditions. If the designer can substantiate through actual physical calibration that more appropriate runoff and time of concentration values should be utilized at a particular site, then appropriate variations may be made upon review and recommendation of the Township Engineer. The stormwater management plan shall effectively demonstrate the control of postdevelopment peak discharge rates to pre-development peak discharge rates based on the following standards:
(1) 
All pre-development calculations shall be based upon existing land uses except existing agricultural uses, which shall be based on the following land use descriptions:
(a) 
Cultivated land, with conservation treatment.
(b) 
Pasture, good condition.
(c) 
Meadow, good condition.
(d) 
Farmstead.
Any areas existing or designed to be either initially or ultimately gravel, shale, or crushed stone shall be assumed to be impervious. Pre-development stormwater runoff shall be calculated for the two-, five-, and ten-year storm events.
(2) 
Release rates from storage structures shall be based on the runoff from the two-, five-, and ten-year pre-development storm events.
(3) 
Storage structures shall be designed such that the post development two-, five-, and ten-year peak discharges will not exceed the pre-development two-, five-, and ten-year peak discharges for the primary outlet structure.
(4) 
All storage structures shall be designed with emergency spillways. The minimum design capacity of the emergency spillways shall be the twenty-five-year post-development peak discharge while maintaining a minimum one foot freeboard. Basins shall be kept in a maintainable condition with a minimum bottom slope of 1%. Paved or concrete low flow channels are recommended in detention basins to completely drain them and to carry low flows from inflow culverts to the principal spillway. With low flow channels, the minimum bottom slope of the basin shall be 1/2%.
(5) 
Culverts, pipes, and other water carrying structures shall be designed to handle the peak discharge from the ten-year post-development storm event. All culverts and pipes installed under Township roads or roads proposed for dedication to the Township shall be constructed of reinforced concrete.
(6) 
The stormwater management plan shall include calculations indicating velocities of flow, grades, sizes, and capacities of water carrying structures, debris or sediment basins, and retention and detention structures and sufficient design information to construct such facilities.
(7) 
Stormwater runoff calculations using the rational method shall be based on the following 60 minute rainfall intensities:
Design Storm Frequency
(years)
Rainfall Intensity
(inches per hour)
2
1.28
5
1.89
10
2.29
25
2.78
50
3.17
100
3.53
Stormwater runoff calculations using the soil-cover-complex method shall be based on the following twenty-four-hour storm event rainfall depths:
Design Storm Frequency
(years)
Rainfall Intensity
(inches)
2
2.9
5
3.8
10
4.8
25
5.1
50
5.9
100
6.4
(8) 
Maximum permitted velocities are as follows:
(a) 
Three feet per second where only sparse vegetation can be established.
(b) 
Four feet per second under normal conditions where vegetation is to be established by seeding.
(c) 
Five feet per second where a dense, vigorous sod can be quickly established or where water can be temporarily diverted during establishment of vegetation.
(d) 
Six feet per second where well-established sod is in existence.
(e) 
For lined water carrying channels, the following velocities are required:
[1] 
Six-inch rock rip-rap: up to six feet per second.
[2] 
Nine-inch rock rip-rap: up to eight feet per second.
[3] 
Asphalt: up to seven feet per second.
[4] 
Durable bedrock: up to eight feet per second.
[5] 
Twelve-inch rock rip-rap: up to nine feet per second.
[6] 
Concrete or steel: up to 12 feet per second.
[7] 
The normal maximum velocity of open channel flows shall not exceed 10 feet per second.
[8] 
Energy dissipators shall be placed at the outlets of all pipes where flow velocities exceed maximum permitted channel velocities.
[9] 
Vertical pipes, inlets, and other surface water receiving structures shall be installed with trash racks.
[10] 
Stormwater runoff channels shall be designed and installed to avoid trapping excess sediment.
[11] 
The use of subsurface retention, detention or infiltration BMP methods will be permitted only in areas where the Township finds that the soils have adequate percolation rates and that the underlying geology is not susceptible to solutioning (i.e. limestone). The design calculations shall include field testing results verifying the percolation rate and soil permeability, identification of the underlying bedrock and its depth, and a site analysis by a professional geologist licensed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania discussing the characteristics of the property and any recommendations for construction. A geologic evaluation to determine susceptibility to sinkhole formation shall also be required for detention or retention basins proposed to be located on lands underlain by limestone. The design of such facilities shall also include measures to prevent groundwater contamination and, where necessary, sinkhole formation. The Township may require the installation of an impermeable liner in detention basins.
[12] 
Proposed lots or buildings adjacent to basins and significant channels shall have a finished first floor elevation of two feet above the one-hundred-year storm event level calculated for these facilities. The plans shall explicitly indicate the minimum allowable finished first floor elevation for these lots or buildings.
E. 
Erosion and sedimentation. Erosion and sedimentation control measures shall be in accordance with the applicable standards and specifications set forth in the latest edition of the DEP Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual and all other aspects of DEP Chapter 102 regulations. Areas proposed for infiltration BMPs shall be protected from sedimentation and compaction during construction, so as to maintain their infiltration capacity. Infiltration BMPs shall not be constructed nor receive runoff until the entire contributory drainage area to the infiltration BMP has been completely stabilized.
F. 
Ownership and maintenance program. Each stormwater management plan shall contain provisions which clearly set forth the ownership and maintenance responsibility of all temporary and permanent stormwater management facilities, and erosion and sedimentation control facilities, including:
(1) 
Description of temporary and permanent maintenance requirements.
(2) 
Identification of the responsible individual, corporation, association or other entity for ownership and maintenance of both temporary and permanent stormwater management and erosion and sedimentation control facilities.
(3) 
Establishment of suitable easements for access to all facilities.
(4) 
The intent of these Regulations is to provide private ownership and maintenance of stormwater management and erosion and sedimentation control facilities. The Board of Supervisors, upon recommendation of the Township Engineer, shall make the final determination as to the continuing maintenance responsibilities prior to final approval of the stormwater management plan. The Board of Supervisors reserves the right to accept or reject ownership, operation and maintenance responsibility for any and all proposed stormwater management controls.
G. 
Basic construction criteria. Construction standards of stormwater management and erosion control facilities shall be in accordance with the approved Plans and accompanying Specifications, if any. In addition, as-built drawings of all stormwater detention, retention, collection and conveyance facilities shall be required in accordance with § 22-20.I of this chapter. The construction details and standards of the following publications in their most recent revision shall be acceptable:
(1) 
DEP Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual and all other aspects of DEP Chapter 102 regulations.
(2) 
PennDOT, Form 408, Specifications.
(3) 
PennDOT, RC Series, Roadway Construction Standards.
H. 
Water quality requirements. In addition to the design standard requirements of this section, the developer shall comply with the following water quality requirements unless otherwise exempted by the provisions of this chapter.
(1) 
Detain the one-year, twenty-four-hour design storm using the SCS Type II distribution. Provisions shall be made so that the one-year storm takes a minimum of 24 hours to drain from the facility from a point where the maximum volume of water from the one-year storm is captured. (i.e., the maximum water surface elevation is achieved in the facility.) Release of water can begin at the start of the storm. (i.e., the invert of the water quality orifice is at the invert of the facility.) The design of the facility shall consider and minimize the chances of clogging and sedimentation potential.
(2) 
To accomplish the objectives of water quality, the developer may submit original and innovative designs to the Township for review and approval. Such designs may achieve the objectives of water quality through a combination of BMPs (best management practices).
(3) 
In selecting the appropriate BMPs or combinations thereof, the developer shall consider the following: total contributing area, permeability and infiltration rate of the soils, slope and depth to bedrock, seasonal high water table, proximity to building foundations and well heads, credibility of soils, and land availability and configuration of the topography.
(4) 
The following additional factors should be considered when evaluating the suitability of BMPs: peak discharge and required volume control, streambank erosion, efficiency to mitigate water quality problems, the volume of runoff to be effectively treated, nature of the pollutant(s) to be removed, maintenance requirements, creation/protection of aquatic and wildlife habitat, recreational value, and enhancement of aesthetics and property values.
The measures used to control erosion and reduce sedimentation shall as a minimum meet the erosion and sediment control standards and specifications as set forth in the latest edition of the DEP Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual and all other aspects of DEP Chapter 102 regulations as adopted by the Metal Township Supervisors by this chapter as the Township standards and specifications. The Township Engineer, or other officials as designated, shall ensure compliance with the appropriate specifications, and provisions.