A. 
It is the purpose of these regulations to provide common standards affecting the construction of property improvements. Nothing herein shall be interpreted as providing limitations on specific controls delineated in prevailing zoning districts. In utilizing this chapter, it is necessary to determine which of the standards are incorporated into the applicable zoning district by reference and which have general applicability to particular situations.
B. 
Extent of applicability. The regulations of this article shall be held to apply uniformly throughout the municipality even in those instances when a section shall indicate the contrary. Said sections shall be applicable only by reference by provisions of a zoning district.
A. 
Visibility at intersections. Clear sight triangles shall be provided and maintained at all street and driveway intersections in the Borough consistent with the applicable provision of Chapter 355, Subdivision and Land Development.
B. 
Driveway requirements. The following regulations shall be met in the construction or maintenance of driveways:
(1) 
Entrances to streets shall be at an angle of 75° to 105° with the intersecting street.
(2) 
The driveway between the street line and the cartway shall be paved.
(3) 
All curb cuts shall be properly constructed to the satisfaction of the Borough Engineer; if curbing is not provided, an adequate drainpipe shall be installed under the driveway where it crosses street gutter or drainage ditch, as determined by the Borough Engineer.
(4) 
The grade shall not exceed 5% from cartway line to within 25 feet of the street line.
(5) 
Driveways shall have a minimum width of eight feet and a maximum width of 20 feet in residential districts excluding any parking bay or turnaround.
(6) 
Each driveway shall be constructed with adequate provisions for drainage.
(7) 
Driveways shall not be constructed within three feet of any building unless a raised curb is provided, except for common driveways within five feet of any property line.
(8) 
No driveway shall be located within three feet from any property line.
[Added 4-7-2014 by Ord. No. 406]
C. 
Grading requirements.
(1) 
Cuts shall not exceed a ratio of 2:1 of fill, a ratio of 3:1 on any lot, unless satisfactory erosion controls, approved by the Planning Commission, are employed, or unless a retaining wall subject to the requirements of Subsection C(2) is provided.
(2) 
Retaining walls.
(a) 
Retaining walls shall not be constructed without satisfactory provisions for drainage.
(b) 
Retaining walls with a height over six feet shall provide a continuous four-foot-high fence on top of the wall and within one foot of the edge of the wall.
D. 
Fences and walls. No fence or wall shall be erected to a height of more than three feet in a front yard and more than six feet in any other yard. No fence or wall shall block a motorist's view of vehicles entering or exiting a property. No fence or wall shall be located within 12 inches of a property line, nor shall it be located within a street or alley right-of-way.
[Amended 4-7-2014 by Ord. No. 406]
A. 
General construction standards.
(1) 
Off-street parking spaces shall be provided with safe and proper access from alleys and shall be provided on each lot, either within a structure or in the open, to serve the uses within the district adequately.
(2) 
Standard parking spaces shall measure nine feet by 18 feet. Parking stalls serving the handicapped must meet Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulations.
(3) 
Parking spaces shall have a surface approved by the Borough Engineer and shall have a safe and convenient access in all seasons.
B. 
Location of off-street parking for dwellings.
(1) 
No area within any street line shall be computed in determining off-street parking requirements.
(2) 
Spaces may be located parallel or perpendicular to each other. Driveway areas may be used to compute the required spaces only when individual driveways are provided for each dwelling; garages or carports shall not be required in any zoning district unless specified by the individual zoning district.
(3) 
All parking areas serving more than two dwelling units shall have marked parking spaces.
C. 
Location of off-street parking spaces for other buildings.
(1) 
All spaces for nonresidential uses shall be provided within 600 feet of the main access or as may be set forth in the individual zoning district.
(2) 
On-street spaces may be computed for commercial uses if the spaces are marked and the parking time is restricted. No off-premises parking spaces shall be located on any land zoned for residential uses exclusively.
(3) 
One or more parking lots may be designed to service a multiple number of commercial uses so long as none of the requirements of this chapter are violated. The aggregate of all available spaces shall be compared to the sum required to serve all proposed uses.
(4) 
Parking shall be permitted within the front yards in all commercial zoning districts.
D. 
Required parking spaces.
(1) 
Unless otherwise specified by the applicable zoning district, at least two off-street parking spaces shall be required for each single-family dwelling unit, and two off-street parking spaces per dwelling unit for all other dwelling unit types.
(2) 
Unless otherwise specified by the applicable zoning district, the parking space requirements set forth in Table 1 shall be met.
[Amended 4-1-2024 by Ord. No. 455]
Table 1
Use
Minimum Number of Required Parking Spaces
Crafts
1 off-street parking space for each employee on the largest shift or 1 off-street parking space for every 300 square feet of total floor area, whichever is greater, plus 1 space for each company vehicle normally stored on the premises
Continuing-care retirement community
1 space per 3 patient beds, plus 1 space for each employee on the largest shift
Financial establishment
Uses with drive-up windows shall have a vehicle waiting line area for at least 5 vehicles per lane. The waiting line shall be separated from other circulation lanes. Parking: 1 off-street parking space for each 200 square feet of total floor area used or intended to be used for servicing customers.
Hotel or motel
1 space for each room used for sleeping accommodations
Industrial uses
1 space for each 1,000 square feet of floor area
Medical and dental offices
6 spaces for each doctor and practitioner
Motor vehicle service station or garage
1 space for each 100 square feet of floor area devoted to repair, sales, or service facilities. In no case shall there be less than 5 spaces
Places of assembly (church, lodge, funeral home, etc.)
1 space for every 4 fixed seats or, where capacity is not determined by the number of fixed seats, 1 space for each 60 square feet of floor area devoted to patron use
Private recreation
1 space for each full-time or part-time employee on the premises at a given time, plus the greater of 1 space for every 50 square feet of floor area; or 1 space for every mechanical amusement device in operation on the premises
Professional office
1 space for each 200 square feet of customer service area
Repair shop
1 off-street parking space for each 300 square feet of total floor area, plus 1 additional space for each employee.
Restaurant
1 space for each 50 feet of floor area devoted to patron use
Retail uses
1 space for each 200 square feet of floor area used for sale or display of merchandise, plus 1 space for every 2 customers
Service uses
1 space for each 100 square feet of customer service area, plus 1 space for every 2 employees.
Short-term rental
2 spaces
(3) 
Additional standards may be imposed by the Borough Council if, in its opinion, special circumstances warrant.
E. 
Design standards for off-street parking.
(1) 
Parking access. Parking shall be designed so that each vehicle may proceed to and from the parking space provided for it without the requirement of moving any other vehicle.
(2) 
All pedestrian walks and customer parking areas all be paved with an all-weather surface.
(3) 
Curbing shall be provided to separate parking areas, driveways and streets.
(4) 
Parking stall depth shall be measured from curb or bumper block (tire stop).
(5) 
Parking for the handicapped or physically disabled shall be provided for as required by all applicable regulations (e.g., the Americans with Disabilities Act).
(6) 
No one row of off-street parking of motor vehicles shall exceed 20 cars in capacity. Separate parking areas on the parcel shall be physically separated from one another by six-foot-wide planting strips.
(7) 
If any use permits shopping carts to be taken from the confines of the store building, storage areas for such carts shall be provided at convenient locations.
(8) 
Aisle widths. One-way and two-way traffic. The minimum width of aisles providing access to stall for one-way traffic only (varying with the angle of the parking) shall be:
Angle of Parking
Minimum Aisle Width
(feet)
Parallel
10
30°
12
45°
14
60°
26
90°
26
(9) 
Minimum width, two-way traffic. The minimum width of the aisles providing access to stalls for two-way traffic shall be 25 feet.
(10) 
Width of entrance and exit drives. The width of entrance and exit drives shall be as follows:
(a) 
A minimum of 12 feet for one-way use only.
(b) 
A minimum of 24 feet for two-way use.
(c) 
A minimum of 35 feet at the street line and 54 feet at the curbline.
(11) 
Backing into a public street. In no case shall parking areas for three or more vehicles be designed to require or encourage cars to back into a public street in order to leave the lot.
(12) 
Distance from setback and lot lines. Parking spaces are not permitted in front yard areas. All parking spaces and access driveways shall be at least five feet from any side or rear lot line.
(13) 
Planting strips and landscaping. All parking areas over three spaces shall comply with the following:
(a) 
Within five feet of the adjacent property, a planting strip of at least five feet in depth is required, containing suitable landscape materials.
(b) 
Along a public street, a ten-foot buffer is required, containing suitable landscape materials.
(14) 
Lighting.
(a) 
All artificial lighting used to illuminate any parking space or spaces shall be so arranged that no direct rays from such lighting shall fall upon any neighboring property or streets.
(b) 
All parking areas, driveways and internal streets shall be provided with a lighting system which shall furnish a minimum of 1/2 footcandle at any point.
(15) 
Exception to parking requirements, Mixed-Use District. The minimum number of required off-street parking spaces within the Mixed-Use Zoning District (MU) may be decreased or waived through a special exception by the Zoning Hearing Board if they find that such requirements are impractical or would require destruction of important architectural or landscape requirements.
F. 
Design standards for off-street loading facilities. Off-street loading facilities shall be designed to conform to the following specifications:
(1) 
Each required space shall be no less than 14 feet wide, 55 feet long and 17 feet high, exclusive of drives and maneuvering space, and shall be located entirely on the lot being served.
(2) 
There shall be appropriate means of access to a street or alley, as well as adequate maneuvering space.
(3) 
The maximum width of driveways and sidewalk openings, measured at the street lot line, shall be 35 feet; the minimum width shall be 20 feet.
(4) 
All accessory driveways and entranceways shall be graded, surfaced with asphalt or other suitable material and drained to the satisfaction of the Borough Engineer and to such an extent as is necessary so as to prevent nuisances of dust, erosion or excessive water flow across public ways.
(5) 
Such facilities shall be designed and used in such a manner as to at no time constitute a nuisance, a hazard or an unreasonable impediment to traffic.
A. 
Purpose. This section sets forth minimum criteria for the installation, use and maintenance of exterior lighting, the purposes of which are the following:
(1) 
To require lighting in outdoor public spaces where safety and security are concerns;
(2) 
To protect drivers and pedestrians on nearby streets from glare from nonvehicular light sources that shine directly into their eyes and thereby impair safe travel;
(3) 
To shield neighboring properties from glare resulting from excessive light sources and from nonexistent or improperly directed or shielded light sources;
(4) 
To limit the height of light standards to preclude or lessen light pollution; and
(5) 
To promote efficient design and operation with regard to energy conservation.
B. 
Applicability. Lighting facilities shall be required for all off-street parking areas and off-street loading areas and for all driveways providing ingress and egress thereto and for all subdivisions and/or land developments for business, commercial, personal service, industrial, multifamily, recreational, institutional and public uses and for all construction or reconstruction or improvement of any such use for which land development approval is not required. In the approval of any subdivision or land development plan, the Borough Council shall have the authority to require lighting to be incorporated for other uses or locations where in their reasonable discretion such lighting is warranted. In addition, the provisions of this section shall apply to signs, architectural lighting, and landscape lighting.
C. 
Plan submission.
(1) 
Lighting plans shall be submitted for review and approval for all subdivisions and land developments and for all uses identified in Subsection B of this section, and shall include the following data:
(a) 
A schematic layout of all proposed exterior fixtures;
(b) 
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) footcandle data;
(c) 
A plat demonstrating intensities and uniformities within the limitations established in Subsection D of this section;
(d) 
The manufacturer's description of the equipment (catalogue cut sheets) in the form of a detail on the plans;
(e) 
Glare control devices;
(f) 
Mounting heights and means;
(g) 
Proposed hours of operation of the lighting;
(h) 
Maintenance schedule; and
(i) 
Illumination intensities shall be plotted to scale on a ten-foot-by-ten-foot grid.
D. 
Commercial lighting standards.
(1) 
Lighting facilities located in any off-street parking areas and loading areas and for uses and developments specified in Subsection B, or in connection with signs and recreational and institutional activities, shall provide an illumination level utilizing the current recommended standards of the Illuminating Engineering Society of America (IESNA), except as otherwise modified by the provisions of this Subsection D(1). However, in any instance in which the principal use of the property requires the granting of either a special exception or conditional use, the Zoning Hearing Board may impose a more stringent lighting standard requiring less illumination as a condition of any such approval when it determines the same to be necessary to protect the adjoining properties or streets from light pollution or glare.
(2) 
When illumination is required, it shall have the intensity and uniformity ratios in the Lighting Handbook of the Illuminating Engineering Society of America (IESNA), Ninth Edition, except as modified herein as follows:
Maintained Footcandles (MFC)
Use
Uniformity; Average: Minimum
Parking, multifamily
0.20 mm; 4:1
Medium vehicular/pedestrian activity
0.60 mm; 4:1
Parking, industrial, commercial, institutional, municipal
0.60 mm; 4:1
High activity (regional shopping centers, fast-food facilities, major athletic, civic, or cultural events)
0.90 mm; 4:1
Medium activity (community shopping center, office parks, hospitals, commuter lots, civic or cultural events)
0.60 mm; 4:1
Low activity (neighborhood shopping area, industrial employee parking, schools, churches)
0.50 avg.; 5:1
Building entrances
5.0 avg.
Canopy over gas-dispensing devices, service station pump islands
35.0 avg.
Car dealerships
35.0 max1
NOTES:
1
35.0 MFC is the maximum permitted and is limited to the first 100 feet of outdoor display or parking along any street frontage, subject to otherwise applicable setbacks mandated by the district regulations. The remainder of the property shall be limited to 20.0 MFC, except for the rear yard, which shall be limited to 10 MFC.
(3) 
In the application of the above standards, the following regulations shall apply:
(a) 
Illumination levels shall be defined as maintained horizontal footcandles on the area; for example, on the pavement or area surface.
(b) 
Uniformity ratios dictate that average illumination values shall not exceed minimum values by more than the product of the minimum value and the specified ratio. For example, in the case of high-activity commercial parking, the average footcandles shall not be in excess of 3.6 (0.9 x 4).
(c) 
In no case shall illumination exceed 0.5 footcandle measured at the property lines, except at driveway entrances, provided the illumination at the cartway center line of the contiguous street shall not exceed 1.0 footcandle, unless a more stringent standard is required by another provision of this Subsection D; and the amount of illumination projected onto a property zoned or in residential use from another property shall not exceed 0.5 footcandle at the property line.
(d) 
Lighting standards in parking areas shall be located no more than 100 feet apart, provided the Zoning Officer shall apply the standards of this Subsection D by prohibiting the location of lighting standards in such close proximity to each other as would result in the violation of the footcandle and light spillage restrictions imposed by Subsection D(2).
(e) 
Lamp types and colors shall be in harmony with the adjacent community, any special circumstances existing on the site, and with surrounding installations. Lamp types and colors shall be consistent with the use and setting and shall not create a mix of colors.
(f) 
Canopy lighting shall be located on the surface (ceiling) of the canopy and shall be limited to flush-lens fixtures mounted on the canopy ceiling. Drop-lens fixtures are prohibited. Up-lens lighting fixtures mounted on the canopy structure above the level of the gas pumps are permitted if they have the effect of reducing glare from the lighting fixtures mounted on the canopy ceiling. In no event shall any other lighting fixtures be located on or otherwise attached to or used to light a canopy or any area of the property adjacent to the canopy. Outdoor canopies include, but are not limited to, the following applications:
[1] 
Fuel island canopies associated with service stations and convenience stores;
[2] 
Exterior canopies above store fronts in shopping centers and malls;
[3] 
Exterior canopies above driveways and building entrances; and
[4] 
Pavilions and gazebos.
(g) 
All lighting proposed for use after 10:00 p.m. for commercial, industrial, institutional and recreational applications shall be reduced by 75% from then until dawn, unless a variance is granted by the Zoning Hearing Board upon cause shown related to public health, welfare and safety.
(4) 
Glare control.
(a) 
All lighting fixtures shall meet IESNA cutoff criteria. No lighting shall be permitted which shines directly into residential units, or results in glare beyond the angle of 30° from a vertical plane, measured from the light source.
(b) 
Light fixtures, including mounting base, shall not exceed 20 feet in height above the finished grade. On-lot residential light fixtures shall not exceed 15 feet in height above the finished grade.
(c) 
All lighting sources shall be effectively shielded and shall be installed and/or aimed so as to shield nearby public or private streets and neighboring properties from direct-glare light radiation or light pollution which may create a safety hazard or nuisance.
(d) 
All lighting sources shall be effectively shielded from any public right-of-way.
(e) 
Illuminated signs shall have an indirect lighting source or shielded source.
(f) 
All lighting sources shall be controlled by automatic timing devices to extinguish light, except for demonstrably necessary security lighting after 10:00 p.m. prevailing time, to mitigate the adverse consequences of light pollution when such action is necessary to protect adjacent properties and uses.
(g) 
Glare control shall be accomplished primarily through the proper selection and application of lighting equipment. Only after those means have been exhausted shall vegetation, fences, and similar screening methods be considered acceptable for reducing glare.
(h) 
Fixtures used for architectural lighting, such as facade, feature and landscape lighting, shall be aimed or directed so as to preclude light projection beyond the immediate objects intended to be illuminated. All such lighting shall be extinguished between the hours of midnight, prevailing time, and dawn.
(i) 
In all residential districts or in connection with residential uses, floodlighting, spotlighting, and other high-intensity lighting over 100 watts shall be located so that glare or reflection is not greater than 0.5 footcandle at the lot line of the receiving land. Such lighting fixtures shall be installed and/or aimed so that they do not project their output into windows of neighboring residences, adjacent uses, skyward, or onto a public street. All such lighting shall be extinguished after 10:00 p.m. prevailing time, except in the case of an emergency.
(j) 
With the exception of all night operations, lighting for commercial, industrial, public recreational and industrial applications shall be controlled by automatic switching devices, such as time clocks or combination motion detectors and photocells, to permit extinguishing outdoor lighting fixtures between 10:00 p.m. and dawn, to mitigate nuisance glare and sky-lighting consequences.
(k) 
The operation of searchlights or laser source light for advertising purposes is prohibited.
(l) 
All fixtures used for the lighting of active recreation facilities shall be fully shielded to prevent glare external to the property line.
(5) 
Installation and maintenance.
(a) 
The developer/landowner shall install or cause to be installed all lighting fixtures and facilities at his/its expense. Light fixtures and poles shall be in accordance with a lighting plan approved by the Borough Engineer in those instances where subdivision or land development approval or conditional use approval is not involved or otherwise approved by the Board upon recommendation by the Planning Commission and Borough Engineer, in compliance with § 420-1204. The developer/landowner shall be responsible for all costs involved in the maintenance, upkeep and operation of all lighting of parking and loading areas and other areas required by § 420-1204.
(b) 
Electrical feeds to lighting standards shall be underground.
(c) 
Lighting fixtures shall be maintained by the landowner so as to always meet the requirements for this § 420-1204.
(6) 
Compliance.
(a) 
The Borough Council's approval of a lighting plan upon the recommendation of the Planning Commission and/or Borough Engineer does not relieve the developer/landowner of responsibility should any light standards or light fixtures, after construction, fail to conform or continue to conform to the provisions of this § 420-1204. The Borough reserves the right to conduct a post-installation nighttime inspection to verify compliance with the requirements of this § 420-1204 and if, appropriate, to require remedial action at the expense of the landowner.
(b) 
Authority for the determination of correct lighting installation in accordance with the requirements of this § 420-1204 shall rest with the Zoning Officer, with advice from the Borough Engineer. If the Zoning Officer determines that any lighting installation creates a safety or personal security hazard due to insufficient illumination levels or produces unacceptable levels of nuisance glare, light pollution, or skyward light, the landowner or other person/entity then responsible for the use, maintenance and operation of the lighting shall be so notified and required to take timely remedial action at the expense of the landowner or other responsible person/entity.
A. 
Applicability. Standards set forth in this section shall be of uniform applicability in all zoning districts unless the contrary is indicated.
B. 
Corner lot restrictions.
(1) 
Each corner lot shall have two front yards that meet the minimum requirements for front yard setbacks in the underlying zoning district.
(2) 
The remaining two yards will serve as the side yard and rear yard, and shall comply with the side and rear yard requirements of the underlying zoning district.
C. 
Potential development. Proposed development shall be constructed in a manner so that it does not reduce or eliminate existing or potential future access for roads and utility easements to land which may be developed at a future date.
D. 
Storage.
(1) 
All outside storage shall be completely screened from view from any public right-of-way and any residential use.
(2) 
All organic rubbish or storage shall be contained in airtight, verminproof containers.
A. 
Applicability. Standards imposed by this section shall be applicable only when specifically cited.
B. 
Screening and buffering. Either screening option may be selected for each screening class, as set forth in the following chart:
Class
Option
A-1
1 canopy tree per 40 feet arranged on property, plus hedge on boundary (three-foot centers)
A-2
1 canopy tree per 40 feet, plus 1 evergreen per 30 feet, arranged on property
B-1
1 canopy tree per 20 feet arranged on property, plus hedge on boundary (three-foot centers)
B-2
1 evergreen tree per 25 feet arranged on property, plus 1 shrub per 8 feet on boundary
C-1
1 hedgerow on lot line (three-foot centers)
C-2
6 foot cedar or spruce fencing on the lot line
(1) 
Residential uses.
(a) 
In all single-family detached subdivisions, the following buffer requirements shall apply.
(b) 
All reverse frontage lots shall have a minimum buffer yard of 10 feet, excluding the rear yard, and shall contain the screening required for Class A screening.
(c) 
A buffer yard of 20 feet, exclusive of required yards, shall be required along all property lines adjacent to commercial or industrial districts, and shall have screening in accordance with Class B screening.
(2) 
Manufactured home parks. All manufactured home parks shall have a minimum buffer yard of 35 feet, exclusive of yard areas, along all property lines, and these buffer yards shall contain Class B screening.
[Amended 4-4-2005 by Ord. No. 361]
(3) 
Institutional uses.
(a) 
All institutional uses shall have a buffer yard of 15 feet at the boundary line of residentially used land and shall contain Class B screening.
[Amended 4-7-2014 by Ord. No. 406]
(b) 
All institutional uses located to a commercial or industrial use or district and are not located in the Mixed-Use District shall have a fifteen-foot buffer yard containing Class B screening.
(4) 
Commercial and industrial developments.
(a) 
All commercial and/or office developments not located in the Mixed-Use District shall provide a twenty-foot buffer along all boundaries adjacent to a residential or institutional district or development. Screening shall be in accordance with Class B screening.
(b) 
All industrial developments shall provide a twenty-foot buffer yard, along all boundaries adjacent to residential or institutional zones or uses. Screening shall be in accordance with Class B screening.
(5) 
Plant materials.
(a) 
Each planting option may utilize any of the plant materials outlined in the following section. Minimum plant size, given in either height or caliper, is indicated in this section. Council may permit other planting types if they are hardy to the area, are not subject to blight or disease, and are of the same general character and growth habit as those listed below. All planting shall meet the requirements of the American Association of Nurserymen. The applicant shall be required to provide a screening if existing planting, topography, or man-made structures are deemed acceptable for screening purposes by the Council.
(b) 
The plant materials list shall be as follows:
Canopy Trees
Type
Size
(inches/caliper)
Acer ginnala (Amur maple)
1 1/2
Acer plantanoides (Norway maple)
1 1/2
Acer sacchrum (sugar maple)
1 1/2
Fagus grandifolia (American beech)
1 1/2
Fagus sylvatica (European beech)
1 1/2
Fraxinus americana (white ash)
1 1/2
Fraxinus Pennsylvania lanceolata (green ash)
1 1/2
Gingko biloba (gingko, male only)
1 1/2
Gleditsia triacanthros inermis (thornless honey locust)
1 1/2
Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum)
1 1/2
Quercus alba (white oak)
1 1/2
Quercus borealis (red oak)
1 1/2
Quercus coccinea (scarlet oak)
1 1/2
Quercus palustris (pin oak)
1 1/2
Quercus phellos (willow oak)
1 1/2
Tilia linden (all species hardy to area)
1 1/2
Zelkova serrata (Japanese zelkova)
1 1/2
Ornamental Trees
Type
Size
Amelanchier canadensis (shadblow service berry)
5 to 6 feet
Betula alba (European white birch)
1 1/2 caliper
Betula papyifera (paper birch)
1 1/2 caliper
Cornus florida (flowering dogwood)
5 to 6 feet
Cornus mas (Cornelian cherry)
5 to 6 feet
Crataegus phaenopryrum (Washington hawthorn)
5 to 6 feet
Koelreuteria paniculata (goldenrain tree)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Laburnum vossi (goldenchain)
5 to 6 feet
Magnolia soulangeana (saucer magnolia)
5 to 6 feet
Magnolia virginiana (sweet bay)
5 to 6 feet
Malus baccata (Siberian crab)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Malus hopa (Hopa red flowering crab)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Oxydendrum aboreum (sourwood)
5 to 6 feet
Pyrus calleryana Bradford (callery pear)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Prunus kwanzan (Kwanzan cherry)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Prunus yedoensis (Yoshino cherry)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 caliper
Evergreens
(4 to 5 feet in height)
Type
Ilex opaca (American holly)
Picea abies (Norway spruce)
Picea omorika (Serbian spruce)
Pinus nigra (Austrian pine)
Pinus strobes (white pine)
Pseudotsuga mensiesii (Canada hemlock)
Tsuga canadensis (Canada hemlock)
Hedge
Type
Size
(feet)
Crataegus intricate (thicket hawthorn)
3 to 4
Forsythia intermedia (border forsythia)
4 to 5
Rhamnus frazula columnaris (tallhedge buckthorn)
3 to 4
Syringa chinensis (Chinese lilac)
3 to 4
Syringa vulgaris (common lilac)
4 to 5
Vibirnum alnatus (vibirnum)
4 to 5
Hedgerow
Type
Size
(feet)
Buxus (boxwood)
4 to 5
Pyracantha laland (Laland fire thorn)
5 to 6
Juniperus virginiana (upright juniper)
4 to 5
Cotoneaster divaricata (spreading cotoneaster)
3 to 3 1/2
Rhamus frangula-columnaris (tallhedge buckthorn)
5 to 6
Shrubs
Type
Size
(feet)
Juniperus virginiana (upright juniper)
4 to 5
Pyracantha laland (Laland fire thorn)
5 to 6
Taxus capitata (upright yew)
2 1/2 to 3
Taxus hicksi (hicks yew)
2 1/2 to 3
Euonymus alatus (winged euonymus)
3 to 4
Ilex verticillata (winterberry)
4 to 5
Rhamus frangula (glossy buckthorn)
4 to 5
Vibirnum dentatum (arrowwood viburnum)
4 to 5
Vibirnum lantata (wayfaringtree viburnum)
4 to 5