A. 
Notice of construction. Any person intending to commence construction on any site subject to site plan review or in any way shall give 10 days' advance notice to the Board's compliance official, if any, otherwise to the Building Commissioner/Zoning Enforcement Agent before commencing construction.
B. 
No nuisance. The Board will require adequate measures, including, without limitation, barriers and restricted hours of operation, to insure that the work does not become a nuisance to abutters.
C. 
Use of existing ways.
(1) 
Construction equipment, including trucks which, because of its size or weight, may damage public or other ways, will not be allowed to use existing ways. Track-type equipment or other equipment which may damage pavements will not be allowed on paved ways. The developer will be responsible to the Town or the private way owner for any damage to such ways or pavements caused by such use.
(2) 
Measures that prevent construction vehicles from tracking dirt, mud, and dust from construction sites onto the public ways will be required at all access points.
A. 
Must minimize site alteration, clearing and grading. BMPs and other efforts to minimize the clearing and grading on a site associated with construction activities shall be employed, such as parking of construction vehicles, offices/trailers, stockpiling of equipment/materials, etc. in areas already planned for permanent structures. Earth materials shall not be stockpiled in areas of protected trees, wetlands, and/or their vegetated buffers.
B. 
Required measures. The applicant shall employ the following measures in development of the site:
(1) 
Unless an approved plan allows a greater area, clearing of vegetation and alteration of topography shall be limited to that necessary for the proposed site development, but not more than the maximum impervious area allowed by the Zoning Bylaw. Native vegetation shall be planted in disturbed areas as needed to maximize absorption of rainwater, reduce runoff, and enhance or restore wildlife habitat.
(2) 
Clearing for utility trenching shall be limited to the minimum area necessary to maneuver trenching or other construction equipment. Roots should be cut cleanly rather than pulled or ripped out during utility trenching. Tunneling or routing along driveways for utilities installation should be utilized wherever feasible to protect root systems of trees.
(3) 
Understory vegetation beneath the dripline of preserved trees shall also be retained in an undisturbed state. During clearing and/or construction activities, all vegetation to be retained shall be surrounded by temporary protective fencing or other measures before any clearing or grading occurs, and maintained until all construction work is completed and the site is cleaned up. Barriers shall be large enough to encompass the essential root zone of all vegetation to be protected. All vegetation within the protective fencing shall be retained in an undisturbed state.
C. 
Site management techniques. Proper site management techniques shall be employed during construction.
(1) 
BMPs shall be employed to avoid detrimental impacts to existing vegetation, soil compaction, and damage to root systems.
(2) 
The extent of a site exposed at any one time shall be limited through phasing of construction operations. Effective sequencing shall occur within the boundaries of natural drainage areas.
D. 
Site protection during construction. The applicant must protect the site during construction through adequate erosion and sedimentation controls:
(1) 
Temporary or permanent diversions, berms, grassed waterways, special culverts, shoulder dikes or such other mechanical measures as are necessary may be required by the Board to intercept and divert surface water runoff. Runoff flow shall not be routed through areas of protected vegetation or revegetated slopes and other areas. Temporary runoff from erosion and sedimentation controls shall be directed to BMPs such as vegetated swales. Retaining walls may be required where side slopes are steeper than a ratio of 1:2.
(2) 
Erosion and sedimentation controls shall be constructed in accordance with the Massachusetts Stormwater Handbook.
(3) 
Erosion control measures shall include the use of erosion control matting, mulches and/or temporary or permanent cover crops. Mulch areas damaged from heavy rainfalls, severe storms and construction activity shall be repaired immediately.
(4) 
Erosion control matting or mulch shall be anchored where plantings are on areas subject to mulch removal by wind or water flows or where side slopes are steeper than 1:2 or exceed 10 feet in height. During the months of October through April when seeding and sodding may be impractical, anchored mulch may be applied at the Board's discretion.
(5) 
Runoff from impervious surfaces shall be recharged on the site by stormwater infiltration basins, vegetated swales, constructed wetlands or similar systems covered with natural vegetation. Runoff shall not be discharged directly to rivers, streams, or other surface water bodies. Dry wells shall be used only where other methods are not feasible. All such basins and wells shall be preceded by oil, grease, and sediment traps as may be required. The mouths of all catch basins shall be fitted with filter fabric during the entire construction process to minimize siltation, or such basins shall be designed as temporary siltation basins with provisions made for final cleaning.
(6) 
The applicant shall be required to conduct weekly inspections of all erosion and sedimentation control measures on the site to ensure that they are properly functioning as well as to conduct inspections after severe storm events.
E. 
Revegetation. The applicant shall revegetate the site promptly after grading.
(1) 
Stabilization of cleared sites shall occur within seven calendar days of final grading.
(2) 
Proper revegetation techniques shall be employed using native plant species, proper seed bed preparation, fertilizer and mulching to protect germinating plants. Areas shall be sodded or loamed with not less than four inches' compacted depth of good-quality topsoil, and seeded with turf grass seed of a mixture approved by the Board. Plantings shall be made during the season appropriate to the selected plant species.
(3) 
Finished grade shall be no higher than the trunk flare(s) of trees to be retained. If a grade change of six inches or more at the base of the tree is proposed, a retaining wall or tree well may be required.
F. 
Protection of abutters. An increase in the volume of surface drainage from the properties under construction onto abutting properties is not permitted.
G. 
Monitoring and inspections.
(1) 
Prior to commencement of construction, the applicant, landowner, contractor and construction crew, compliance monitor (if one is designated), zoning enforcement officer, and site engineer shall conduct a meeting to review the proposed construction phasing and number and timing of site inspections.
(2) 
Initial site inspection of erosion and sedimentation controls and placement of tree protection measures shall occur after installation of barriers around preserved areas and construction of all structural erosion and sedimentation controls, but before any clearing or grading has begun.
(3) 
Routine inspections by the developer of preserved areas and erosion and sedimentation controls shall be made at varying intervals depending on the extent of site alteration and the frequency and intensity of rainfall.
H. 
Slope stabilization. Effective stabilization of revegetated areas must be approved by the compliance monitor before erosion and sedimentation controls are removed. The compliance monitor shall complete an inspection prior to removal of temporary erosion and sedimentation controls.
I. 
Required security. As part of the performance guarantee provided for in § 420-3.8, the Board may require a performance guarantee to cover the costs associated with compliance with this land clearing regulation.
(1) 
The guarantee, if required, will be in the amount of 150% of the cost of site restoration.
(2) 
The performance guarantee shall be held for the duration of any prescribed maintenance period required by the Board to ensure establishment and rooting of all new plantings, and may be reduced from time to time to reflect completed work. Plantings which die within the prescribed maintenance period shall be replaced. Securities shall not be fully released without a final inspection and approval of vegetation replacement by the compliance monitor.
A. 
Ways to be paved.
(1) 
The entire area of each way shall be cleared of all stumps, brush, roots, boulders, or like material and all trees or other plants not intended for preservation.
(2) 
All loam and other yielding material shall be removed from the area of each way and replaced with suitable material.
(3) 
All roadways shall be brought to finished grade as shown on the profiles of the plan. The roadway shall be surfaced with at least the top 12 inches consisting of two six-inch layers of well-compacted binding gravel to the specified width and location.
(4) 
The completed gravel surface of the travel lanes of all streets shall be treated for the full width of the roadway with a minimum of 1 1/2 inches of bituminous concrete wearing course pavement, over a minimum two-inch binder course of bituminous concrete.
B. 
Ways not to be paved.
(1) 
The entire area of each way shall be cleared of all stumps, brush, roots, boulders, or like material and all trees not intended for preservation.
(2) 
All loam and other yielding material shall be removed from the area of each way and replaced with suitable material.
(3) 
All roadways shall be brought to finished grade as shown on the profiles of the plan. The roadway shall be surfaced with at least the top 12 inches consisting of two six-inch layers of well-compacted binding gravel to the specified width and location.
C. 
Treatment of other areas.
(1) 
Temporary access roads for use during construction may be constructed if necessary. Such road(s) shall be shown on the plans. All such roads shall be removed and the land restored to its original condition before the end of construction.
(2) 
All cleared areas of a site that are not to be paved or built upon, including all disturbed areas, shall be sodded or loamed and seeded with turf grass seed of a mixture approved by the Board. Plantings shall be made during the season appropriate to the selected plant species.
D. 
Utilities.
(1) 
If water or sewer lines are to be connected to the Town systems, all materials used, including pipe and fittings, shall be manufactured by firms and be models thereof approved by the Department of Public Works.
(2) 
All construction, without limitation, including trenches, excavations, the backfilling thereof and subsurface masonry, shall be performed according to standards approved by the Department of Public Works.
(3) 
Any such subsurface work shall be performed before the gravel surface or pavement is laid.
E. 
Trees and other plantings. The applicant shall make plantings as provided in the landscape plan submitted as part of the site plan application according to the requirements of this section.
A. 
Erosion control. All cut or fill slopes subject to erosion shall be planted with suitable plant materials. Transplants shall be well-rooted, properly set and watered as necessary. Perennial grasses shall be suited to the landscape and located to provide adequate cover as determined by the Board on advice of its engineers. In areas subject to potential serious erosion, the Board may require the planting of sod and the use of additional erosion control measures. A wood chip or comparable mulch shall be used with ground cover plants to minimize erosion.
B. 
Slope stabilization. Upon completion of grading and replacement of topsoil, slopes, as defined in § 420-1.6, shall be appropriately stabilized to prevent erosion. Excessively steep slopes shall not be permitted. An adequate slope stabilization plan shall be approved by the Board.
C. 
Guide for slope stabilization. The following guide for slope stabilization is recommended:
(1) 
Slopes steeper than 1:2: rip rap or terracing.
(2) 
Slopes of 1:8 to 1:2: sod or establish vegetation or seedlings in association with webbing or an approved mulch placed over the soil.
(3) 
Slopes of 1:20 to 1:8: sod or plant seed in association with webbing or approved mulch placed over the soil.
D. 
Temporary measures. Appropriate temporary measures should be taken to prevent erosion of bankings and slopes during construction.
Due regard shall be shown for all natural features such as large trees, watercourses, scenic points, historic spots and similar community assets which, if preserved, will add attractiveness and value to the site. Before approval, the Board may require the staking out of all natural features not to be disturbed in the process of construction.
A fire alarm system shall be installed in conformity with the specifications of the Winchendon Fire Department. Details of the installed system shall be provided to the Department of Planning and Development for filing with the records of the project. If no system is required, a letter to that effect shall be filed.
The following fire protection water supply regulations shall apply to all new residential developments that provide for more than six new residential units and all unsprinklered commercial and industrial developments with buildings aggregating more than 15,000 square feet gross floor area:
A. 
General requirements.
(1) 
In accordance with Winchendon's Site Plan Regulations, and MGL c. 148, § 28, the Winchendon Fire Department has adopted the following regulations with regard to water supply for the purposes of fire protection.
(2) 
Anyone fulfilling the enclosed regulations is to meet all requirements specified by other boards and departments as they may relate to the work performed.
(3) 
In those areas where the extension of the municipal water system is technically or economically unfeasible, the developer shall be required to provide a water supply for fire protection commensurate to the hazard, as approved by the Fire Department.
(4) 
In the case that the developer is required to or wishes to install a fire protection water supply and neither extending the hydrant system nor installing a cistern is feasible, a dry hydrant system into an existing water supply or new water supply may be installed for fire protection purposes. (See Subsection D.)
(5) 
The term "Fire Chief" in this section shall mean the Fire Chief or his designee.
B. 
Hydrant requirements.
(1) 
General hydrant requirements.
(a) 
Fire hydrant type and installation will be in accordance with the requirements of the Department of Public Works.
(b) 
The Fire Chief shall review all fire hydrant locations.
(2) 
Testing and inspection.
(a) 
All public hydrants shall be tested and inspected by the Town of Winchendon Water Department prior to acceptance.
(b) 
All private hydrants shall be tested and inspected in accordance with the Town of Winchendon Private Fire Hydrant Regulations.
C. 
Fire cisterns.
(1) 
General fire cistern requirements.
(a) 
Fire cisterns shall be located no more than 1,200 feet roadway/driveway travel distance from the furthermost structure within a development.
(b) 
The design of the fire cistern shall provide for a trouble-free life expectancy of 20 years.
(c) 
The capacity of the cistern will be based on the size of the largest building to be constructed within the development. However, no fire cistern shall be smaller than 30,000 gallons' water capacity.
(d) 
The design of the fire cistern shall be submitted to the Fire Chief for approval prior to construction. All plans must be signed and stamped by structural or fire protection licensed/registered engineer in the State of Massachusetts.
(e) 
The entire fire cistern shall be rated for H-20 highway loading unless specifically exempted by the Fire Chief.
(f) 
Each cistern shall be sited to the particular location by a registered engineer and approved by the Fire Chief. All appropriate easements to the Town shall be in place at the time of Fire Department acceptance.
(g) 
Precast concrete shall achieve a twenty-eight-day strength of 4,000 PSIG. Poured concrete should be placed with a minimum of four inches of slump and vibrated in a professional manner.
(h) 
The concrete shall be mixed, placed and cured without the use of calcium chloride. Winter placement and curing shall follow the accepted American Concrete Institute (ACI) codes.
(i) 
All piping shall be American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 2665 SCH 40 180 PSIPVC DWV with glued joints.
(j) 
All connections shall be clean and the appropriate sealing material used according to manufacturer's specifications so as to ensure all joints are airtight. All connections must be anchored to the cistern to resist movement.
(k) 
The entire cistern shall be completely piped and inspected prior to any backfilling.
(l) 
All backfill materials shall be screened gravel with no stone larger than 1.5 inches and shall be compacted to 95% ASTM 1557.
(m) 
Bedding for the cistern shall consist of a minimum of 12 inches of 0.75 inch to 1.5 inch crushed, washed stone, compacted. No fill shall be used under the stone.
(n) 
The cistern shall be designed and installed so it will not float when empty.
(o) 
The entire tank will be guaranteed to be watertight (leakproof) by the installer for one year.
(p) 
The design engineer for the cistern will inspect all steps of the installation and provide a report of conformity with the specifications to the Fire Department.
(q) 
All cisterns shall be equipped with a raised thirty-two-inch watertight manhole with a blank cover and secured with a Knox exterior padlock Model 3753. There is to be access to the manhole cover after backfilling and site work. Access must be provided to all sections of the tank.
(r) 
Perimeter of tank at floor/wall joint should be sealed with eight inches of PVC Waterstop.
(2) 
Suction connection.
(a) 
The suction connection shall be factory-supplied painted aluminum, threaded male connection, six inches in diameter, with NH thread and provided with fixed strainer and a suitable cap.
(b) 
The suction piping system shall be six inches in diameter and capable of delivering 1,000 gallons per minute, for three quarters of the cistern's rated capacity.
(c) 
The suction pipe connection shall be 36 inches above the level of the grade where the vehicle wheels will be located when the cistern is in use.
(d) 
Suction piping shall be supported on top of the tank and to the bottom of the cistern with a space of eight inches from the floor of the tank to prevent vertical or horizontal movement, using non-corrosive hardware. Supports at top of tank shall be located so as not to be affected by frost.
(e) 
The bottom of the suction pipe to the pumper connection shall not exceed 14 feet vertical distance.
(f) 
Suction piping should be designed to minimize whirlpooling.
(g) 
The suction pipe connection shall terminate not more than eight feet from the edge of the pavement.
(h) 
All above-the-tank suction piping shall be pitched slightly back towards the tank for proper drainage.
(3) 
Vehicle parking area.
(a) 
The shoulder and vehicle pad should be of a sufficient length to permit convenient access to the suction connection when the pumper is set at 45° to the road.
(b) 
The pitch of shoulder and vehicle pad from edge of pavement to pumper suction connection shall be 1% to 3% downgrade.
(4) 
Filler connection.
(a) 
The filler pipe shall be six inches in diameter.
(b) 
The filler connection shall have one Siamese fitting with two 2-1/2-inch connections, with NH thread with two Knox FDC Cap Model 3012 - Matte Gray Stainless locking covers attached to a 45° downward sweep elbow. The filler connection shall be supported vertically to the cistern.
(c) 
The filler pipe connection shall be 36 inches above the final grade.
(d) 
Filler piping shall be supported on top of the tank to prevent vertical or horizontal movement.
(5) 
Vent pipe.
(a) 
The vent pipe shall be eight inches in diameter.
(b) 
The vent pipe shall terminate not less than 36 inches above the final grade, with the opening to the pipe facing downward.
(c) 
Vent piping shall have screen covers installed to prevent access by wildlife.
(6) 
Backfilling of cistern.
(a) 
Four feet of fill; or
(b) 
The top and highest two feet of the cistern shall be insulated with vermin-resistant foam insulation, and two feet of fill.
(c) 
Backfill shall extend 10 feet beyond the edge of the cistern and then have a maximum 1:3 slope, loamed and seeded or sodded.
(d) 
All construction, backfill, and grading material should be in accordance with proper construction practices and acceptable to the Fire Chief.
(7) 
Site work.
(a) 
After backfilling, the cistern and piping shall be protected from potential vehicular damage by:
[1] 
Steel, concrete filled, pipe bollards no less than eight inches in diameter set in the ground below the frost line; or
[2] 
Large rocks; or
[3] 
Fencing; or
[4] 
Any combination of bollards, rocks, or fence.
(b) 
The installer is responsible for completely filling the cistern prior to acceptance by the authority having jurisdiction. The water level is not to drop more than one inch in 24 hours initially and not more than one inch additionally in 30 days.
(c) 
The installer is responsible to supply and install identification signs as directed by the Fire Chief. (See Appendix.[1])
[1]
Editor's Note: See § 420-7.1.
(d) 
The installer is responsible to install a deep well and pump, in accordance with Chapter 255-2A of the Winchendon Board of Health Water Supply Regulations, that will automatically maintain a full water level in the tank. The well/pump combination must be capable of delivering a minimum of five gallons per minute. If the well is determined capable of delivering higher volume, equipment will be installed to provide the higher volume.
(e) 
The installer is responsible to install a water fill notification light that will flash a red light when the well pump is operating. The light will be mounted at least five feet above the surface of the ground.
(8) 
General conditions.
(a) 
No occupancy permits will be issued until cistern is installed, tested, and accepted by the Fire Department.
(b) 
The installer shall be required to post a one-year bond in the amount of $5,000 per 10,000 gallons for maintenance and repair prior to final acceptance. This bond is in addition to any performance guarantee required by § 420-3.8.
(c) 
The installer is responsible to convey to the Town a one-time sum in the amount of $10,000 for perpetual maintenance and repair.
(9) 
Fire Department acceptance sequence.
(a) 
The Fire Department will review all cistern plans and engineering data prior to start of construction.
(b) 
The Fire Department will be notified and provided the opportunity to inspect at the following midpoints of construction:
[1] 
Site preparation prior to tank installation.
[2] 
Prior to backfill.
(c) 
The developer will notify the Fire Department when all site work is complete and the tank is operational and ready for operational acceptance, and provide evidence of bond for one-year maintenance.
(d) 
The Fire Department performs functional test, including water recovery at minimum of five gallons per minute, and validates operation of cistern.
(e) 
Developer provides Town with perpetual maintenance fee.
(f) 
The Fire Department provides operational acceptance and turns off well pump to start thirty-day stability test.
(g) 
Occupancy permits can now be processed if being held for cistern completion.
(h) 
Thirty days after operational acceptance, the Fire Department will inspect the cistern to see that water level has been maintained; and if any functional issues exist, the developer will be notified to resolve issues.
(i) 
Within one year, the developer will convey any easements to the Town with regard to the cistern.
(j) 
During the first 12 months, the Fire Department will perform inspections and tests of cistern and notify developer to resolve any issues.
(k) 
Twelve months from the Fire Department's operational acceptance, it will perform one final inspection and test of cistern to validate operation and will notify the developer if any issues need to be resolved. If no issues exist, the Fire Department will notify the developer of final acceptance and release any claims against the bond.
D. 
Dry hydrant requirements in general.
(1) 
The design of the dry hydrants shall be for trouble-free service that will last a lifetime.
(2) 
The dry hydrant water supply capacity shall be based on the largest home/building being protected. However, no dry hydrant water supply shall be smaller than 30,000 gallons of water. The water supply capacity calculation shall be made by a professional engineer utilizing fifty-year drought records.
(3) 
The design of the dry hydrants shall be submitted to the Fire Chief for approval prior to construction.
(4) 
Each dry hydrant shall be sited to the particular location and approved by the Fire Chief.
(5) 
All piping shall be American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) D 2665 SCH 40 180 PSIPVC DWV with glued joints.
(6) 
All connections shall be clean and the appropriate sealing material used according to manufacturer's specifications so as to ensure all joints are airtight.
(7) 
The suction connection shall be factory-supplied painted aluminum, threaded male connection six inches in diameter, with NH thread and provided with fixed strainer and a suitable cap.
(8) 
The entire dry hydrant shall be completely piped and inspected prior to any backfilling.
(9) 
All backfill materials shall be screened gravel with no stone larger than 1.5 inches by one inch and shall be compacted to 95% ASTM 1557.
(10) 
Bedding for the dry hydrant piping shall consist of a minimum of 12 inches of screened gravel with no stone larger than 1.5 inches and be fully compacted.
(11) 
The suction pipe connection shall be between 20 inches and 24 inches above the level of the grade when the hydrant is in use, and the 90° elbow in the ground is to be supported by a large, flat rock or concrete pad.
(12) 
After backfilling, the piping shall be protected from potential vehicular damage by:
(a) 
Steel, concrete-filled, pipe bollards no less than eight inches in diameter set in the ground below the frost line; or
(b) 
Large rocks; or
(c) 
Fencing; or
(d) 
Any combination of bollards, rocks, or fence.
(13) 
The end of the suction pipe shall be protected by a screen equipped with a removable cover.
(14) 
The pitch of shoulder and vehicle pad from edge of pavement to pumper suction connection shall be 1% to 3% downgrade.
(15) 
The shoulder and vehicle pad should be of a sufficient length to permit convenient access to the suction connection when the pumper is set at 45° to the road.
(16) 
The suction pipe connection shall terminate not more than eight feet from the edge of vehicle access.
E. 
The installer is responsible to supply and install signage as directed by the Fire Chief.