Chapter 102 Trees

Prioritize a full and healthy urban tree canopy by creating sound regulations and incentives for the proper planting, removal, maintenance, and protection of trees along streets, sidewalks, and rights-of-way, and trees within parks and public open spaces.

Protect and strengthen our neighborhoods and make them more desirable, safer, attractive places to live.

Maintain and strengthen the social and economic value of private and public property.

APPROVED LIST OF PUBLIC TREES

Preserve and enhance the visual character and natural beauty of the Borough.

(5)

Preserve, protect and restore, through preservation of existing trees and an expansion of the tree canopy, a healthy natural environment that contributes to improved water quality, reduced stormwater runoff, reduced air pollution, and increased biodiversity and wildlife habitat.

(6)

Further the educational goals, objectives and strategies set forth by the West Chester Tree Commission in the Administrative Code and Comprehensive Tree Program materials.

(7)

Foster the safety of persons and property by requiring trimming and removal of trees that may cause property damage or personal injury.

(8)

Achieve the goals of the Borough's stormwater management program by promoting replanting and retention of trees, which provides stormwater retention and carbon sequestration.

§ 102-2 Definitions.

For purposes of this chapter, the following words, terms and phrases shall have the meanings indicated in this Section 102-2. Terms used in this chapter that are defined in other chapters of the Code shall have the meanings set forth therein. Terms not defined in the Code shall have their ordinary meanings.

APPLICABLE TREE LAW

Provisions of the Borough Code and Borough rules and regulations, as amended from time to time, applicable to trees, including tree conservation, preservation, care, protection and replacement.

Trees designated on the West Chester Borough Parks and Yard Tree List approved by the Tree Commission and as amended from time to time.

APPROVED LIST OF STREET TREES

Trees designated on the West Chester Borough Street Tree List approved by the Tree Commission and as amended from time to time.

BOROUGH

The Borough of West Chester.

BOROUGH ARBORIST

The person appointed by the Borough Council to advise the Director of Public Works on the administration and enforcement of this chapter. Such person shall have, at a minimum, the same or higher qualifications as those required for contractors pursuant to § 102-5 of this chapter.

BOROUGH CODE

The duly-enacted Code of the Borough of West Chester.

BOROUGH COUNCIL

The duly-elected governing body of the Borough.

CALIPER

The diameter of a tree trunk measured at a point six inches from the ground surface at the center of the base of the tree. This dimension is used to measure nursery stock for new plantings.

COMPREHENSIVE TREE PROGRAM

A program that addresses all management and care needs of the Borough urban forest and reflects the goals of the community.

DAMAGED TREE

A tree harmed or damaged by disease, insect infestation or abiotic factors like faulty pruning, storms, flooding, lightning, car accidents, improperly developed root systems, premature or late frost, and other unusual climate conditions.

DBH

Diameter at breast height and is the diameter of a tree trunk measured at a point 4 1/2 feet from the ground surface at the base of the trunk. This dimension is used to measure the size of existing plantings.

DEPARTMENT

The Department of Public Works of the Borough.

DISEASED CONDITION

A pathological condition in a tree causing decline from normal growth patterns.

DRIP LINE

The area defined by the outmost circumference of the tree canopy where water drips from the tree and onto the ground.

HAZARDOUS TREE

A street tree or part of a street tree that may fail or fall due to a diseased condition, mortality, a structural defect or other condition that, as a result, may cause property damage or personal injury.

HERITAGE TREE

A tree with a DBH of 24 inches or greater located within the Borough on private or public land except for street trees that are located within the public right-of-way and trees that are listed on the list titled "List of Trees That Are Excluded From Heritage Tree Designation" which is attached hereto as Exhibit A and which shall be attached to this chapter as an appendix.

[Amended 6-16-2020 by Ord. No. 04-2020]

ISA

International Society of Arboriculture.

LARGE TREE

A tree with a DBH of 20 inches or greater.

MEDIUM TREE

A tree with a DBH of 10 inches or more but less than 20 inches.

PERSON

Any individual, firm, company, partnership, association, corporation, or organization or entity of any kind.

PROPERTY OWNER

The legal owner listed in the tax assessment records of Chester County, Pennsylvania of a property subject of the requirements of this chapter.

PUBLIC TREE

A tree located in or along any public park, trail, greenway or open space in the Borough, owned, leased or managed by the Borough or another governmental entity.

REMOVAL ORDER

An order issued by the Tree Commission requiring a property owner to remove a hazardous tree.

SALDO PLAN

An application and plan filed with the Borough under Chapter 97, Subdivision and Land Development.

SMALL TREE

A tree with a DBH of less than 10 inches.

STREET TREE

A tree located adjacent to, along or upon the side of any street and within the public right-of-way. A street tree shall not be considered a heritage tree.

[Amended 6-16-2020 by Ord. No. 04-2020]

TREE

A perennial, deciduous, woody plant having one or more main trunks and usually a distinct crown or canopy.

TREE COMMISSION

A commission appointed by Borough Council to provide advice to Council on tree management and to perform functions authorized and required by this chapter and applicable tree law.

TREE CONTRACTOR

A professional hired to perform tree work in the Borough meeting the requirements of § 102-5.

TREE PROTECTION ZONE

An area where construction activities are prohibited or restricted to prevent injury to preserved trees, especially during pre-construction and construction, and includes the critical root zone.

YARD TREE

A woody plant which normally grows with one main trunk to a height in excess of 20 feet and has a canopy which screens and filters the sun in the summer and winter, respectively.

§ 102-3 Responsibility for removal and maintenance of street trees and public trees.

Responsibility. The property owner of the property adjacent to a public right-of-way is responsible for the removal of street trees located on private property but within the right-of-way. The Borough is responsible for the planting, transplanting, pruning and treating street trees and public trees.

Street trees determined to be hazardous trees. Street trees that the Tree Commission determines are hazardous trees may be condemned and ordered removed. The Tree Commission shall send a removal order by United States Postal Service certified mail, return receipt requested, to the property owner of the property where the hazardous tree is located. Property owners shall also be responsible to restore the land area surrounding the removed hazardous tree to the condition existing prior to removal and to replace and/or repair any sidewalk or curbing removed or damaged during the tree removal. If the certified mail removal order is returned to the Tree Commission unclaimed, the removal order shall be sent by United States Postal Service first-class mail, postage prepaid. Property owners so ordered shall have 30 days following receipt of the certified mail removal order or the date of the United States Postal Service first-class mail, as applicable, to remove the hazardous tree, unless an appeal is filed in accordance with § 102-3C hereinbelow.

Appeals. Appeals from a removal order must be filed by the property owner with the Tree Commission within 30 days of receipt of the certified mail removal order or the date of the United States Postal Service first-class mail, as applicable. The appeal shall be in writing and state reasons why the tree is not a hazardous tree and should not be removed. The Tree Commission shall notify the property owner of the time and place of the meeting where the appeal will be heard. The property owner shall have the right to present any information and evidence that the property owner deems relevant on the appeal. The Tree Commission shall render a written decision on the appeal within 30 days of the conclusion of the meeting. The property owner shall have the right to appeal the decision of the Tree Commission to the Court of Common Pleas of Chester County in accordance with the Local Agency Law.[1]Following a final determination of the appeal by the Tree Commission or the courts as applicable, the property owner shall comply with the removal order within 60 days of the final determination by the Tree Commission or court, as applicable.

[1]

Editor's Note: See 2 Pa.C.S.A. § 105.

Noncompliance with removal order. If the removal order is not complied with within the time period specified, the Borough may cause the removal, as appropriate, to be done at the full expense of the property owner, including the entire cost plus an administrative fee prescribed by the Borough. Upon failure of the property owner to pay the amounts due to the Borough within 30 days of the date of an invoice from the Borough, the Borough shall be entitled to collect all amounts due by any available means, including by filing a municipal claim against the property.

Compensation for hazardous tree removal. Upon written certification by the property owner of compliance with the removal order and proof of payment for the removal, the Borough will reimburse to the property owner 50% of the cost of removal of the street tree that was ordered to be removed. Reimbursements are predicated on compliance with the permitting and contractor requirements of this Chapter 102 and applicable tree law.

Public trees determined to be hazardous trees. The Tree Commission may determine that a public tree is a hazardous tree and notify the Borough in writing. The Borough may remove, prune or treat the hazardous tree as the Borough deems appropriate.

Borough responsibility. Except for trees that are required to be removed in accordance with a removal order in accordance with § 102-3B and trees that are required to be planted in accordance with § 102-4, the Borough is responsible for planting, transplanting, cutting, pruning and treating street trees and public trees.

Property owner responsibility. Property owners who wish to plant, transplant, cut, prune, or treat any street tree or portion thereof, or remove a street tree that has not been condemned by the Tree Commission, shall apply for and be issued a permit in accordance with the permitting procedures of § 102-9 of this Chapter 102 prior to performing any work.

§ 102-4 Tree planting.

The following activities and projects require tree planting in accordance with current International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) guidelines. Trees shall be selected from the Approved List of Street Trees or the Approved List of Public Trees, as applicable.

Street tree removal. Appropriate street trees shall be planted to replace any removed street tree, in accordance with the ANSI Part 6 - Planting and Transplanting 2012 and ISA's Best Management Tree Planting, 2nd Edition, as such standards are amended from time to time.

Sidewalk installation/repair/replacement abutting a street tree well that is empty, contains a stump, or contains a hazardous tree.

Sidewalk installation/repair/replacement where street trees are required in accordance with applicable tree law, including the street tree spacing plan and specifications prescribed in Chapter 97, Subdivision and Land Development. New tree wells must be constructed according to specifications in applicable tree law.

Conflict with utilities. Tree planting near underground utilities shall be governed by the PA One Call system. Where overhead utilities exist, only medium trees are permitted as listed on the Approved List of Public Trees and Approved List of Street Trees, as applicable. The Director of Public Works shall specify the species and size of trees to be planted near utilities.

Tree wells.

During reconstruction of sidewalks, no existing tree well shall be bricked over, paved over, abandoned, or otherwise removed/eliminated. Relocation or abandonment of tree wells is permissible only with approval of the Borough Arborist and Tree Commission.

§ 102-5 Contractor minimum qualifications.

During sidewalk repair/reconstruction projects, tree wells must be installed, relocated and/or repaired in compliance with the specifications and spacing requirements outlined in the applicable Borough codes, ordinances and standards and Chapter 97 of the Borough Code.

All individuals performing tree work in the Borough must meet the following qualifications and be listed on the Borough's tree contractor list: a) be certified by the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) as a certified arborist; b) provide proof of liability insurance in an amount of not less than $1,000,000 per occurrence and workers compensation in an amount determined by statute; c) provide a written certification that the contractor will adhere to the ISA Code of Ethics; (d) comply with public utility and Pennsylvania Department of Transportation requirements and guidelines; and (e) comply with ANSI Z133 Tree Safety Standards and ANSI A300 Tree Care Standards and Regulations as such standards are amended from time to time. Tree contractors shall not subcontract work to any individual or entity that does not meet the foregoing qualifications.

§ 102-6 Heritage tree protection on private property.

In order to encourage the protection and preservation of heritage trees located in the Borough, prior to cutting, pruning, trimming, felling, or removing a heritage tree on private property, the property owner shall contact the Borough Arborist to discuss the proposed work on the heritage tree. The Borough Arborist shall be given an opportunity to meet with the property owner and provide input and recommendations for best practices for such proposed work. Property owners shall be encouraged to retain a certified arborist to assist in the proposed work and to be on site if the heritage tree is proposed to be removed.

To encourage the protection and preservation of heritage trees on private property, property owners shall be entitled to a credit against the stream protection fee that is charged against all developed property (as defined in the Borough's Stream Protection Fee Ordinance), which is codified in Chapter 94A of the Borough Code. The amount of the credit shall be based on the total number of heritage trees on the developed property (as defined in Chapter 94A) and the number of heritage trees that are preserved. If there is only one heritage tree on the developed property, and such heritage tree is preserved, the property owner shall be entitled to a credit equal to 33% of the annual stream protection fee assessed against the developed property where the heritage tree is located. If there is more than one heritage tree on the developed property, the property owner shall be entitled to a credit equal to 33% of the annual stream protection fee if one heritage tree is preserved; 50% of the annual stream protection fee if two heritage trees are preserved; 75% of the annual stream protection fee if three heritage trees are preserved; and 100% of the annual stream protection fee if more than three heritage trees are preserved. Notwithstanding the above, the maximum credit that a property owner is entitled to receive shall be $250. Property owners shall not be entitled to a credit for preserving street trees located within the public right-of-way on their property.

[Amended 5-19-2020 by Ord. No. 02-2020]

§ 102-7 Land development plans.

Consistent with § 3-38N of the Code, all SALDO plans shall be reviewed by the Tree Commission at a public meeting and the Commission will provide written comments and recommendations to the Planning Commission prior to the Planning Commission issuing its recommendation to Borough Council. The Tree Commission's comments shall be included in the Planning Commission recommendation to Borough Council. The written comments shall include a determination on the effect of the proposal on any existing tree(s) and include recommendations on revisions necessary for compliance with this Chapter 102 and all applicable tree law.

When trees have been required pursuant to approved SALDO plans, property owners are required to maintain trees in the locations approved on the SALDO plans in perpetuity, unless the property owner has extenuating circumstances as to why such trees may not be perpetually maintained. Trees that are removed must be replanted within 60 days. Owners desiring permanent tree removal must file a formal request with the Borough Arborist, which shall be reviewed and approved or denied by the Tree Commission within 35 days of the filing date of the formal request.

§ 102-8 Protecting trees during construction.

The protections provided herein shall apply to all street trees, public trees and heritage trees, including but not limited to trees required by an approved SALDO plan, and any activity requiring a building, demolition or other permit under Chapter 43 or any other chapter of the Borough Code, including but not limited to construction or reconstruction of parking lots and sidewalks, underground utility repair and construction, and the construction and/or demolition of buildings and structures.

Barriers. In the erection or repair of any buildings or structure, the builder, contractor or owner thereof shall place protective barriers around all trees to effectively prevent injury to them.

Appraisal. Prior to approval of a SALDO plan or the approval and issuance of a permit under Chapter 43 or any other permit required by applicable tree law, the applicant shall obtain a tree appraisal in accordance with the latest edition of the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers' Guide for Plant Appraisal 10th edition, for all trees within the limits of disturbance of the development site.

Tree protection requirements.

To the maximum extent possible, all trees within the limits of disturbance of the development site shall be preserved and the loss or damage to trees existing on-site which are to remain shall be minimized. A tree shall be considered preserved if there is no disturbance within the Tree Protection Zone (TPZ) as hereinafter defined. Disturbance includes earth disturbance, earth compaction, vehicular and foot traffic, material stockpiling, and/or the construction of all proposed improvements and utilities.

A permanent TPZ surrounding both preserved and planted trees shall be established to protect the critical root zone and tree canopy. The TPZ shall apply during the construction phase as well. The TPZ shall be protected by appropriate barriers in accordance with the standards set forth in A Guide to Preserving Trees in Development Projects published by the Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences and Cooperative Extension and in ANSI A300 Part 5 and ISA Best Management Practices (BMP)-Managing Trees During Construction, 2nd Edition as such standards are amended from time to time. All tree protection will be reviewed and monitored by the Borough Arborist.

The TPZ shall extend to the dripline of the tree at the minimum. The TPZ shall be larger if recommended by A Guide to Preserving Trees in Development Projects published by Penn State Agricultural Research and Cooperative Extension.

Prior to the start of any clearing, grading, or other earth disturbance, all trees and other vegetation to be preserved shall be protected by a conspicuous six-foot-high tree protection barrier to prevent encroachment into the TPZ by people, material, and vehicles. The tree protection barrier installation must be approved by the Borough Arborist and monitored periodically.

Barriers may be erected around individual trees or groupings of trees, where feasible.

(d)

Use of immobile chain link fence or a similar highly immovable material is recommended. Welded wire fencing or other effective barriers may be used upon approval by the Borough Arborist.

(e)

Fencing or barriers around trees shall be placed outside the TPZ, unless otherwise approved by the Borough Arborist.

(f)

The tree protection barrier shall be maintained by the applicant while in place. It shall be removed only after all earth moving and construction activities that may impact tree roots or canopy are completed and approved by the Borough Arborist.

(g)

A sign shall be placed on the tree protection barrier to explain the purpose of the TPZ. Text for the sign shall be furnished by the Borough Arborist.

There shall be no disturbance within the TPZ, including but not limited to intrusion into the soil such as digging, trenching and grading, no activities that will compact the soil, and no stockpiling of construction materials.

No grading shall be permitted within the TPZ that would impact roots. No grade change shall be permitted in excess of a two-inch cut or two-inch fill of topsoil, sod or mulch.

The routing of underground utility lines shall be around and away from all TPZs. In the event underground utilities cannot be rerouted, installation shall be through directional drilling rather than cutting open trenches.

No building materials, dirt, debris, oils, paints, or any other materials, equipment, or vehicles shall be placed or deposited within the TPZ nor shall any trenching or paving be done within the protection area. A separate off-site staging and parking area for the stockpiling of materials, equipment and vehicles shall be provided for construction sites constrained by limited size.

(d)

In order to protect tree roots from excessive compaction during construction where vehicles and/or equipment must pass within a TPZ, special cushioning measures shall be provided in accordance with accepted best practices.

The entire tree canopy shall be protected from all construction-related activities.

(5)

The specifications in A Guide to Preserving Trees in Development Projects published by Penn State Agricultural Research and Cooperative Extension and ANSI A300 Part 5 and ISA Best Management Practices (BMP)-Managing Trees During Construction, 2nd Edition, as such standards are amended from time to time, shall be regarded as best practices and contractors/owners shall demonstrate their understanding of and adherence to these criteria including but not limited to the TPZ required for particular species.

(6)

In order to avoid damage to newly planted trees, trees shall be planted only after all major construction activities have been completed. Planting may occur only when approved by the Borough Arborist, and only in planting seasons otherwise permitted and as appropriate to the species.

(7)

All proposed tree protection practices, including delineated TPZs, shall be provided on all development and permit plans, as applicable, including but not limited to SALDO plans and any plan required by a building, demolition or other permit under Chapter 43 or any other chapter of the Borough Code, including but not limited to construction or reconstruction of parking lots and sidewalks, underground utility repair and construction, and the construction and/or demolition of buildings and structures.

(8)

Should any medium tree, large tree or heritage tree on the development site not scheduled to be removed be irreparably damaged during site development or building construction activities to the extent the tree will not survive, as determined by the Borough Arborist, the tree shall be removed by the developer or the permit holder who shall be subject to a fine in accordance with § 102-12. In addition, the developer or permit holder shall plant three replacement trees a minimum of three inches in caliper listed on the Approved Public Tree List and in accordance with ISA guidelines for tree replanting. Permits need to be reviewed, approved or denied by the Tree Commission.

§ 102-9 Permitting provisions.

Permit required. Unless otherwise exempt pursuant to § 102-9F below, a tree work permit shall be required for:

Planting, transplanting, cutting, pruning, treating or removing any street tree, or portion thereof.

Hanging lights and other seasonal or holiday displays on street trees or public trees. When permitted, all such displays shall be removed on a date designated in the permit.

Renovation or construction of any wall greater than three feet in height within 10 feet of a street tree or heritage tree.

Any provision of this Chapter 102 that specifies that a permit is required.

Permit application. The permit shall be submitted on an application provided by the Borough. All information required by the application shall be submitted. A permit fee established by the Borough fee resolution, as may be amended from time to time, shall be submitted with the application.

Permitting conditions.

Trees which are subject of any permit shall be listed on the Approved List of Street Trees or the Approved List of Public Trees; provided, however, the Borough may deny a permit to plant any type of tree which, in its opinion, is not suitable to the location.

A permit may be revoked at any time upon proof satisfactory to the Borough that any of the terms or conditions upon which such permit was issued are or have been violated.

All newly planted street trees shall be warranted by the tree contractor or, in the case of a SALDO plan, be guaranteed and financially secured by the developer, for a period of 18 months. Any tree that dies within the eighteen-month period shall be replaced. Except for trees planted as part of a SALDO plan, a copy of the warranty shall be provided to the Borough. If the Borough Arborist determines during the warranty period that the street tree is defective or was improperly planted or maintained and is unlikely to survive, the tree contractor or developer shall remove and replace the tree and perform any repairs necessary to adjacent sidewalks and curbs. The replaced street tree shall be warranted as provided hereinabove. If the street tree should die after the period of warranty expires, the property owner shall replace the tree in accordance with all applicable provisions of this Chapter 102.

Review of other permit applications. All applications for driveway permits, sidewalk permits, building permits, or other permits for work that may impact large trees, street trees or heritage trees, including but not limited to demolition, construction or expansion, but excluding permits related to an approved SALDO plan, shall be referred by the appropriate Borough personnel to the Borough Arborist for review. Within five business days of the receipt of the applicable permit application from the appropriate personnel, the Borough Arborist shall determine the need for and location of TPZ fencing around all Large Trees, street trees and heritage trees located on or adjacent to the site subject of the permit application. Where determined necessary by the Borough Arborist or his designee, the permit applicant shall install a staked construction fence at least six feet high, or alternative as approved by the Borough Arborist, around all portions of the TPZ, excluding any portions occupied by sidewalks, street cartway, curbs/gutters or a driveway.

Denial and revocation of permits.

Denial. A request for a tree permit shall be denied if the information submitted is incomplete or erroneous or if the application fee is not remitted in full.

Revocation. The Public Works Director may revoke a permit issued under the provisions of this chapter if it is determined that any false statement or misrepresentation of fact exists on the application or on the plans on which the permit was based in addition to:

Violation of any condition of the permit.

Violation of any provision of this chapter or any other applicable ordinance or law relating to the work.

The existence of any condition or the committing of any act constituting or creating a nuisance or endangering the lives or property of others.

Written notice of such revocation shall be served by personal delivery or by certified mail upon the person to whom the permit was issued or his agent or employee engaged in the work and posted on the property subject of the permit. Such notice shall also contain a brief statement of the reasons for revoking such permit.

Borough departments; public utilities.

Borough departments, agencies and authorities shall be exempt from permitting requirements when the work to be performed is completed by Borough personnel. All contractors performing work under contract for the Borough shall obtain all necessary permits. However, all work performed shall be performed in accordance with all applicable tree law.

§ 102-10 Administration and enforcement.

In the event that street tree work is necessitated by emergencies, tree work permits shall be obtained on the first regular business day on which the Borough is open for business, and such permit shall be retroactive to the date when the work was begun. A person performing tree work for an emergency must verify the nature of the emergency in writing to the Public Works Director within five days after such emergency.

Permit required. All permits must be applied for and issued by the Borough in accordance with § 102-9, Permitting provisions, of this chapter before doing any work on trees subject to the requirements of this chapter. All work required to be done under any permit issued by the Borough shall be completed within the time period specified on the permit, or if no time period is specified on the permit, the time period shall not exceed three months from the date issued unless it has been extended by the Borough. All tree work shall be done directly by the tree contractor listed on the permit and may not be subcontracted.

Enforcement. The provisions of this chapter shall be administered and enforced by the Department and/or the Borough Arborist or other employees and consultants of the Borough. It shall be the duty of the Department and/or the Borough Arborist or designated officers to inspect or examine premises, order in writing remedies for any conditions found to violate any provisions of this chapter, issue permits in accordance with this chapter and issue citations for offenses of this chapter. This chapter shall be enforced in accordance with §§ 102-11 and 102-12.

[Amended 7-20-2022 by Ord. No. 06-2022]

Records.

The Department shall keep a record of all applications for street tree permits and a record of all permits issued.

§ 102-12 Financial security and enforcement.

The Borough Arborist shall prepare a monthly report for the Tree Commission summarizing for the period all tree permits issued, all complaints and enforcement action taken by the Department.

§ 102-11 Assessments and liens.

Assessments. The Borough reserves the right to assess property owners for unpaid tree work. All costs incurred in planting, transplanting, pruning and removing trees that are the responsibility of property owners, permit holders and developers shall be assessed. Those assessed shall have an opportunity to make written objections to proposed assessments, which shall be considered by the Public Works Director. The amount each property owner is to pay shall be determined and certified by the Public Works Director. Thereafter, the Borough shall give written notice by certified and regular mail to each person against whose property an assessment has been made. The assessment notice shall state the nature and amount of the assessment and the time and place for payment thereof.

Liens. Ninety days after the date of the assessment notice, the Borough shall certify to the Borough solicitor the names of the owners, if known, together with a full description of the properties against which assessments have been made under this chapter and which remain unpaid, either in whole or in part. The Borough solicitor shall enter liens for the unpaid assessments and all other amounts due and shall from time to time proceed to collect the assessments or the part thereof remaining unpaid according to law and all other amounts due the Borough, including but not limited to accrued interest, penalties and attorneys' fees allowable by law.

Financial security. Prior to the issuance of any permit required by this chapter, the permit applicant shall provide to the Borough financial security for the work to be performed, as follows:

Small tree: $500 per tree.

Medium tree: $1,000 per tree.

Large tree: $2,000 per tree.

Financial security shall be in the form of cash or bank check or a letter of credit in form and substance satisfactory to the Borough. The financial security shall be held by the Borough to guarantee the completion of the work in accordance with the issued permit. The financial security will be released and returned to the permit holder upon certification by the Borough Arborist and/or Department that the work has been completed in accordance with the permit. If the work is not completed in accordance with the permit as determined by the Borough Arborist and/or the Department, the financial security may be used by the Borough to complete the work.

Liability for damages.

Any person damaging or destroying any street tree or public tree shall be liable for repairs to the tree, the cost of its removal and replacement, if needed, and/or the appraised value of the tree. Fines will be assessed at $200 per inch of diameter at breast height (DBH).

Any person damaging, paving over, or destroying an existing tree well shall be liable for restoration of the tree well and/or the cost of its renovation, which must be done in accordance with the specifications set forth in this Chapter 102 and all applicable Borough codes, ordinances and standards.

Any person using or traveling on any public street who damages any public tree meeting the minimum clearance requirement outlined in all applicable Borough codes, ordinances and standards shall be liable to the tree owner for any damage to the tree.

Fines.

It shall be unlawful for any person to carry out any of the activities requiring a permit or an approval in accordance with this Chapter 102 without first obtaining a permit or approval. Violation of any provisions of this Chapter 102 by any person, property owner or tree contractor shall, upon conviction thereof in a summary proceeding brought before a District Justice, be guilty of a summary offense and shall be subject to payment of a fine not less than $100 and not more than $1,000, plus the costs of prosecution. Upon default of payment thereof, the defendant may be sentenced to imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than 30 days. Each section of this Chapter 102 shall constitute a separate offense, and each day or part of a day in which a violation of each section of this Chapter 102 is found to exist shall constitute a separate offense, each of which violations shall be punishable by a separate fine imposed by the District Justice of not less than $100 and not more than $1,000, plus the costs of prosecution. Upon default of payment thereof, the defendant may be sentenced to imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than 30 days. In addition to the fines set forth herein, the Borough shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in enforcing this Chapter 102. The said fees shall be added to any fines set forth above.

Without limiting the scope of any other provision of this Chapter 102, each of the following activities are prohibited and shall result in a summary proceeding wherein a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $1,000, plus the costs of prosecution shall be assessed:

Breaking, injuring, mutilating, killing, climbing with spurs or in any other way harming any public tree or street tree.

Removing any public tree or street tree without a permit from the Borough.