As used in this chapter, unless a different meaning clearly appears
from the context:
AGENCY
Shall mean the Air Pollution Control Agency.
AIR POLLUTANTS
Shall mean matter in the air capable of creating or causing
air pollution. Such matter may originate from any kind of combustion
process, or industrial or laboratory processes, both chemical and
physical, and may appear as, but is not limited to smoke, dusts, fumes,
droplets, mists, vapors, gases, odors or a combination of them.
AIR POLLUTION
Shall mean that condition of the air which results from the
presence in the air of air pollutants in concentrations which may
adversely affect the well-being of an individual or cause damage to
property, animal or plant life.
ALTERATION
Shall mean any work which involves a change in either the
capacity of fuel burning equipment, the design of the furnace or the
method of combustion, affecting the emission of air pollutants.
ANTHRACITE
Shall mean a hard, dense, smokeless solid fuel which is generally
referred to as Pennsylvania anthracite.
BUS
Shall mean a motor vehicle conveyance having a seating capacity
of more than nine adults.
CITY
Shall mean the City of Newark, New Jersey and the territorial
waters within its jurisdiction.
COKE
Shall mean the solid fuel obtained by the carbonization of
coal or the solid residue of petroleum product manufacture.
COLD BOILER OR FURNACE
Shall mean a boiler or furnace in which fuel has not been
consumed for a period of 24 hours or more.
DIRECTOR
Shall mean the Director of the Air Pollution Control Agency
in the Department of Health and Community Wellness.
DUST
Shall mean air-borne solid particles, flyash, cinders, soot
and all other solid particles.
DUST SEPARATING EQUIPMENT
Shall mean any device for separating the solid products of
any combustion process, i.e., dust, solids, particulate matter, fly-ash,
or any combination thereof, from the gases in which they are carried.
FLY-ASH
Shall mean solid particles resulting from combustion or incomplete
combustion of coal, wood or other solid fuels. Fly-ash does not include
process materials.
FUEL BURNING EQUIPMENT
Shall mean any furnace, boiler, water heater, device, mechanism,
stoker, burner, stack, structure, oven, stove, kiln, still or other
apparatus, or a group or collection of such units used in the process
of burning fuel, refuse or other combustible material.
FUEL BURNING EQUIPMENT, MECHANICALLY FIRED
Shall mean any device by means of which fresh fuel is mechanically
fired from outside the furnace into the zone of combustion, the same
being actuated by automatic control.
FUEL OIL
Shall mean oil commonly used as a fuel, of grades commonly
numbered 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 and having the requirements shown in Table
1 of Commercial Standard CS 12-48 published by the United States Department
of Commerce.
FUMES
Shall mean air-borne colloidal systems which are formed by
chemical reactions or physical processes, such as, but not limited
to combustion, distillation, sublimation, calcination or condensation.
FURNACE
Shall mean a chamber or enclosure in which any combustion
process takes place.
GARBAGE
Shall mean animal and vegetable matter originating in houses,
kitchens, restaurants and hotels, produce markets, etc.
GAS
Shall mean formless fluid at 25° C. and with a pressure
of 760mm mercury which occupies space and which can be changed to
a liquid or solid state only by increased pressure with decreased
or controlled temperature or by decreased temperature with increased
or controlled pressure.
GAS CLEANING EQUIPMENT
Shall mean a device or process designed for removing particulate
matter from the gas or air in which it is entrained.
GAS, MANUFACTURED
Shall mean fuel existing in a gaseous state at standard conditions,
having a heating value of between 500 and 600 B.T.U. per cubic foot.
GAS, NATURAL
Shall mean a fuel existing in a gaseous state at standard
conditions, having a heating value of between 1,000 and 1,100 B.T.U.
per cubic foot.
HANDLING OF SOLID FUEL
Shall mean and include but it is not limited to, its transport
by water on boats, barges, car ferries and motor vehicle ferries;
its transport by land, by railroad, truck or trailer; its transfer
from water transport to land transport and vice versa; its transfer
to and from storage bins, silos, hoppers or piles; and its transfer
to or from the equipment in which it is processed or burned.
HEATING BOILER
Shall mean any boiler carrying not in excess of 15 pounds
per square inch steam or 30 pounds per square inch water pressure.
HEATING SURFACE
Shall mean all surfaces in contact with hot gases for the
purpose of transferring the heat by conduction, radiation or convection.
HORSE POWER
Shall mean boiler horse power and shall be figured as equivalent
to the evaporation of 34 1/2 pounds of water per hour from and
at 212° F.
INCINERATION
Shall mean the burning of refuse or any other material.
INDIRECT HEAT EXCHANGER
Shall mean equipment in which heat from combustion of fuel
is transferred by conduction through a heat conducting material to
a substance being heated, so that the latter is not contacted by,
and adds nothing to the products of combustion.
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Shall mean an engine in which combustion of a gaseous or
liquid fuel takes place within one or more cylinders.
INTERNAL CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION
Shall mean any maximum linear perpendicular distance from
an inside wall of a stack or chimney to the inside of an opposite
wall, such as the diameter of a circular cross-section or the length
or width of a rectangular cross-section.
LIQUID PARTICLES
Shall mean those particles which have volume but are not
of rigid shape, and which upon collection tend to coalesce and create
uniform homogeneous film upon the surface of the collecting media.
MARINE INSTALLATION
Shall mean and include the equipment for propulsion, power
or heating on all types of marine craft and floating equipment.
MINOR ALTERATION
Done to an existing installation, shall mean work which involves
no change as to the furnace design, capacity of the plant, type of
fuel burned or the method of combustion.
MISTS
Shall mean dispersions of liquid particles.
MOTOR VEHICLE
Shall mean any conveyance propelled by internal combustion
engine.
NET RATING OF HEATING BOILER
Shall mean that net rating specified by the Institute of
Boiler & Radiator Manufacturers for cast iron boilers and by the
Steel Boiler Institute for steel boilers.
NUISANCE
Shall mean a discharge, dissemination, spreading, or emission
into open air of any air pollutant in quantities which may cause injury,
detriment or damage or which may endanger, interfere with or disturb
the comfort, repose, health or safety of an individual, or which causes
injury or damage to business, property, plant life or animals.
ODOR
Shall mean a substance which affects the sense of smell.
OPEN AIR
Shall mean all space outside of buildings, stacks or exterior
ducts.
OPEN FIRE
Shall mean any fire wherein the products of combustion are
emitted into the open air and are not directed thereto through a stack,
chimney or flue.
OWNER
Shall mean any person, who, alone or jointly or severally
with others shall have legal title to any premises or equipment, with
or without accompanying actual possession thereof, or shall have charge,
care, control of any premises or equipment, as owner or agent of the
owner, lessee, or as executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix,
trustee or guardian of the estate of the owner, or as a mortgagee
in possession either by virtue of a Court order or by voluntary surrender
by the person holding the legal title, or a collector of rents. Any
person who is a lessee subletting or assigning any part or all of
any premises or equipment shall be deemed to be a co-owner and shall
have joint responsibility over the portion of the premises or equipment
sublet or assigned by the lessee directly in control of such premises
or equipment.
PARTICULATE MATTER
Shall mean finely divided liquid or solid material at 25°
C. and with a pressure of seven 760mm mercury, which is often but
not always suspended in air or other gases at atmospheric temperature
or pressure.
PERSON
Shall mean and includes an individual, firm, corporation,
partnership, limited partnership, association, or limited partnership
association, or any other organized group of individuals or the legal
successor or representative, agent or servant of any of the foregoing,
any department, bureau or agency of the City and any other public
body or agency.
PETROLEUM COKE
Shall mean the residue of various petroleum processes which
may be handled and burned as a solid fuel.
PORTABLE EQUIPMENT
Shall mean equipment designed for the purpose of being readily
transferred from one location to another.
POWER BOILER
Shall mean a boiler carrying more than 15 pounds per square
inch (gauge) steam and of more than 10 boiler horse power.
PROCESS FURNACE
Shall mean any furnace, kiln, still or combustion device,
other than a boiler furnace used for the generation of heat or power.
PROCESSING OF FUEL
Shall mean the washing, cleaning, screening, drying and pulverizing,
floatation, coking, carbonization, quenching, briquetting, bagging
and packaging of solid fuels; the refining of liquid fuels; and the
manufacture of gaseous fuels.
REFUSE
Shall mean garbage, paper, rubbish, ashes, and trade waste, all as defined in Section
15:1-1 of these Revised General Ordinances.
REFUSE BURNING EQUIPMENT
Shall mean any destructor, incinerator, furnace, oven or
other apparatus and appurtenances thereto used primarily for the purpose
of destroying, reducing or consuming refuse as herein defined, or
any other material by combustion. This definition shall also include
crematories.
REPAIR
Shall mean any work which requires the equipment to be wholly
or partially dismantled and which results in the restoration of the
equipment to its original state.
RESIDUAL OIL
Shall mean fuel oil having a viscosity heavier than 125 seconds
Saybolt Universal at 100° F., referred to as grades numbered 5
and 6 in Commercial Standard CS 12-48, U.S. Department of Commerce.
RINGELMANN CHART
Shall mean the standard published by the U.S. Bureau of Mines to determine the density of smoke or any chart, recorder, indicator or device for the measurement of smoke density which is approved by the agency as the equivalent of the Ringelmann Scale. It shall constitute the standard of the Bureau of Industrial Hygiene and Air Pollution (Air Pollution Control Agency) in determining the density of smoke as hereinafter set forth in Section
16:21-18.
SALVAGE OPERATION
Shall mean any business, trade or industry engaged in whole
or in part in salvaging or reclaiming any product or material, including,
but not limited to, metals, chemicals, shipping containers or drums.
SMOKE
Shall mean the product resulting from the incomplete combustion
of fuel or other burnable materials and is composed chiefly of finely-divided
particles of unburned carbon. Included, but not limited to, in varying
amounts, are other constituents such as tarry compounds, sulphur compounds,
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and fine ash containing silica and
iron compounds.
SMOKE OVEN
Shall mean any piece of equipment which is used for smoking
food products.
SOLID FUEL
Shall mean any fuel that is not liquid or gaseous.
SOOT
Shall mean a dark substance, essentially carbon, resulting
from the burning or heating of coal, wood, oil or other fuels, and
burnable materials.
SOOT BLOWING
Shall mean the use of any device using steam, air or liquids
to clean the fire side of heating surfaces.
SPACE HEATING
Shall mean the heating of the space within an enclosed structure.
STACK
Shall mean a smokestack, chimney, flue, duct, exhaust pipe
or other conveyor for carrying into the open air pollutants in any
physical state from any source.
SUPERVISOR
Shall mean the Supervising Chief Inspector of Environmental
Sanitation in the Department of Health and Community Wellness.
VAPOR
Shall mean any material in a gaseous state which is formed
from a substance, usually a liquid, by increase in temperature or
release of pressure.
VOLATILE MATTER
Shall mean the gaseous constituent of fuels as determined
by standards of American Society for Testing Materials.