The intent and purpose of this article is to:
A. Establish the Planned Unit Development (PUD) District;
B. Encourage flexible, innovative, context-sensitive, and higher-quality
design of development;
C. Encourage the use of land in accordance with its character and adaptability;
D. Facilitate the construction and maintenance of streets, utilities,
and public services in a more economical and efficient manner;
E. Encourage greater compatibility of design and use between neighboring
properties;
F. Reduce soil erosion by limiting the amount of clearing and grading
necessary for development;
G. Provide enhanced housing, traffic circulation, and recreational opportunities
for the people of the Township;
H. Encourage and provide for the preservation of significant natural
features, including, but not limited to, steep hillsides, wetlands,
significant views, floodplains, and mature woodland areas, that are
in the best interest of the community that would otherwise be substantially
destroyed by conventional development;
I. Provide incentives to develop land containing significant natural
features with a similar density to conventional development while
preserving natural features that are in the public's interest to save;
J. Promote the vision and goals of the Master Plan;
K. Allow for residential and mixed-use planned unit developments, as
provided in MCLA 125.3502 (PA 110 of 2006); and
L. Establish the standards and the review process for planned unit developments.
Property may be developed as a planned unit development if all
of the following conditions are met.
A. Recognizable and substantial benefit. The planned unit development
shall provide recognizable and substantial benefits to the users of
the development and the community beyond what could be realized from
conventional development.
B. Unified control. The applicant shall have ownership and/or control
of all the area to be included in the planned unit development.
C. Contiguous. All land to be included in a planned unit development
must be contiguous.
D. No previous planned unit development. The planned unit development
option or open space development option has not been previously used
for any of the land to be developed as part of the planned unit development.
E. Minimum area. The planned unit development shall have a lot area
of at least 15 acres.
Planned unit developments shall meet the general provisions
outlined below.
A. Site plan. Site plan review approval, as outlined in Article
XIV, Site Plan and Plot Plan Review.
B. Approval of lots. The creation of lots as part of a planned unit
development shall be through one of the following:
(1) Subdivision. A platted subdivision, as outlined in § 111
et seq. of the Michigan Land Division Act (MCL 560.111 et seq.); or
(2) Site condominium. A site condominium, as outlined in §
340-34, Site condominiums.
C. Open space. All land within a planned unit development that is not
devoted to a residential lot, another permitted use lot, street, vehicle
parking, utility, building, or storm sewer shall be common area for
recreation, conservation, agriculture, or preservation in an undeveloped
state.
The following uses are permitted within planned unit developments.
A. Residential uses. The following residential uses are permitted within
a planned unit development:
(1) Single-family detached dwellings and associated accessory uses;
(2) Two-family dwellings and associated accessory uses, limited to areas
designated as High-Density Residential in the Future Land Use Map;
(3) Multiple-family dwellings and associated accessory uses, limited
to areas designated as High-Density Residential in the Future Land
Use Map;
(5) Adult foster care family homes; and
(6) Other residential uses permitted in the previous zoning district.
B. Other uses. The following other uses are permitted within a planned
unit development if the Township determines there would be no adverse
impact to the planned unit development or the surrounding area.
(1) Adult foster care small group home;
(3) Public or private recreational facilities, including, but not limited
to, parks, beaches, playfields, and sports courts;
(4) Amenities for residents of the planned unit development, including,
but not limited to, club houses, pools, or tennis courts;
(5) Recreational facilities open only to members, including, but not
limited to, golf courses, athletic clubs, equestrian centers, or marinas;
(6) Restaurants open only to members, without a drive-through, but including
an abutting outdoor dining area;
(7) Small retail store less than 2,000 square feet gross floor area;
and
(8) Commercial agricultural operations consistent with GAAMPs, including
a roadside stand.
Planned unit developments shall meet the design standards outlined
below.
A. Cohesive neighborhood. Planned unit developments shall be designed
to create a cohesive residential neighborhood through common open
space for passive and active recreation areas that are easily accessible
to all residents.
B. Location of lots. Residential lots shall be located and organized,
to the greatest extent possible, as follows:
(1) Alterations. In areas that require minimum alteration of the natural
environment;
(2) Soils. On the soils best suited for septic systems, for planned unit
developments with on-site septic systems;
(3) Views. In areas least likely to block or interrupt scenic vistas,
as seen from public streets;
(4) Agriculture. Upwind or adequately screened from agricultural areas
that are subject to land management practices that may cause dust,
odor, or similar nuisances; and
(5) Boundaries. At least 100 feet from the exterior boundaries of the
planned unit development.
C. Utilities. All utilities within a planned unit development shall
be installed underground.
D. Access. Lots within a planned unit development shall have access
from an internal street.
E. Circulation. Planned unit developments shall provide internal circulation
for vehicular and nonmotorized movement.
(1) Vehicular circulation. In addition to the requirements of §
340-33, Private roads and shared driveways, roads shall be constructed as outlined below.
(a)
Connections. The vehicular circulation system shall be designed
to provide connections to existing or potential future developments
and planned street improvements.
(b)
Materials. Roads shall be paved.
(2) Nonmotorized circulation. A nonmotorized circulation system shall
be provided throughout the planned unit development.
(a)
Access. The nonmotorized circulation system shall provide access
to all nonagricultural open space.
(b)
Connections. The nonmotorized circulation system shall be designed
to provide connections to existing or potential future developments
and to accommodate and connect with existing or planned nonmotorized
improvements.
(c)
Materials. The nonmotorized circulation system may be concrete,
asphalt, gravel, crushed limestone, wood chips, grass, or similar
materials, according to the anticipated usage and character of the
use and the area of the nonmotorized circulation system.
F. Natural features. Planned unit developments shall be designed to
promote the preservation of natural features, such as mature woodlands,
steep slopes, wetlands, floodplains, stream corridors, and protected
plant and animal habitats.
G. Wetland buffer. All wetlands shall have a thirty-foot-wide natural
buffer. Paths may be installed within this buffer.
H. Water body buffer. The Township may require a natural buffer around
water bodies up to 30 feet wide. Paths may be installed within this
buffer and a small maintained area, including, but not limited to
a park or beach, may be installed along the water body.
I. Stormwater management system. Stormwater management systems shall
use the natural systems to the greatest extent possible and shall
preserve the quality and integrity of the natural system. Stormwater
management systems that require unnecessary topographic alterations,
erosion, heightened impurities directed to surface water and groundwater
systems, and other similar negative impacts shall only be available
if the Township Board determines that the use or creation of natural
systems is not feasible.
J. Phases. When a planned unit development is designed for construction
in phases, the design shall allow for each phase to be capable of
standing on its own, in terms of the presence of services, facilities,
and open space, and shall contain the necessary components to ensure
the protection of natural resources and the health, safety, and welfare
of the users of the planned unit development and the surrounding area.
K. Mixed uses. In planned unit developments that include a mix of residential
and nonresidential uses, the relative mix of uses and the scheduled
completion of construction for each phase shall be disclosed and reviewed
by the Township Board, with recommendation from the Planning Commission,
for reasonableness.
Open space used to calculate the required open space and additional
residential lots shall meet the standards outlined below.
A. Minimum open space. Planned unit developments shall have a specified
minimum open space, as outlined below. A planned unit development
may, at the option of the applicant, use any open space option for
which it qualifies.
(1) Basic open space. Unless otherwise specified, the open space shall
be at least 40% of the lot area of the project site before development.
(2) Alternate minimum open space option 1. The open space shall be at
least 35% of the lot area of the project site before development if
all of the following conditions are true:
(a)
Lot area. The project site has a gross lot area of at least
320 acres, or equivalent;
(b)
Residential lot area. The average lot area for residential lots
is at least five acres; and
(c)
Superior design. The planned unit development includes at least three superior design elements, as defined in §
340-100C, Superior design.
(3) Alternate minimum open space option 2. The open space shall be at
least 30% of the lot area of the project site before development if
all of the following conditions are true:
(a)
Lot area. The project site has a gross lot area of at least
640 acres, or equivalent;
(b)
Residential lot area. The average lot area for residential lots
is at least five acres;
(c)
Superior design. The planned unit development includes at least five superior design elements, as defined in §
340-100C, Superior design;
(d)
Equestrian. The planned unit development includes an equestrian
center and equestrian trails; and
(e)
Future Land Use Map. The planned unit development is located
within an area designated as Agricultural Preservation in the Future
Land Use Map.
B. Always open space. The following shall be considered open space for
the purposes of calculating the minimum open space and additional
residential lots:
(1) Uplands. The area of uplands that is within open space and meets
minimum dimensions;
(2) Created water elements. The area of created creeks, rivers, lakes,
ponds, and wetlands;
(3) Nonmotorized circulation. The area for nonmotorized circulation,
as further described below.
(a)
Calculation of area. The area within public or private rights-of-way
or access easements for nonmotorized circulation shall be considered
open space. If the nonmotorized circulation is within an open space,
the area of the trail plus 10 feet to either side of the trail's edge
shall be used for calculation purposes.
(b)
Public nonmotorized circulation. One hundred ten percent of
the area of nonmotorized circulation dedicated to use by the general
public shall be considered open space.
(c)
Public equestrian nonmotorized circulation. One hundred twenty-five
percent of the area of nonmotorized circulation dedicated to use by
the general public shall be considered open space if it includes separate
trails dedicated to pedestrian and cyclist use and to equestrian use.
(4) Equestrian fields. One hundred fifty percent of the area used by
equestrian centers for grazing and open space that maintains a vegetative
cover shall be considered open space, limited to areas designated
as Agricultural Preservation in the Future Land Use Map.
C. Partially open space. The following shall be considered partially
open space or not open space for the purposes of calculating the minimum
open space and additional residential lots, as described below.
(1) Lots. The area within any lot that will be used for a dwelling, club
house, utilities, or other similar structure or use shall not be considered
open space, unless otherwise specified.
(2) Rights-of-way. The area within all public and private rights-of-way
and access easements shall not be considered open space, except for
nonmotorized circulation.
(3) Parking. The area dedicated to off-street parking areas shall not
be considered open space.
(4) Existing water bodies. The area of existing creeks, rivers, and lakes
shall not be considered open space, unless otherwise specified.
(5) Commercial uses. The area of any lot used for commercial purposes
shall not be considered open space, unless otherwise specified.
(6) Utility easements. Fifty percent of the area dedicated for overhead
high-voltage utility lines or below-ground utilities within common
areas and outside of rights-of-way shall be considered open space.
(7) Lakes with park. Up to 50% of the surface area of existing lakes,
as defined by the ordinary high-water mark, within open space shall
be counted as open space, as outlined below.
(a)
Ratio. For each 2% of the shoreline, as defined by the ordinary
high-water mark, that is a park or similar common space providing
access to the lake, 1% of the surface area of the lake surface area
shall be considered open space.
(b)
Ownership. In order to qualify as open space, the project must
have exclusive ownership or control of the bottom lands under the
lake. The existence of previously granted or established lake access
easements shall not be disqualifying.
(c)
Access. In order to qualify as open space, the lake must not
have a public boating access site.
(8) Wetlands. Fifty percent of the area of existing wetlands within common
areas shall be considered open space.
(9) Ponds. Fifty percent of the area of ponds within open space with
common access for residents of the planned unit development shall
be considered open space. Ponds within open space without common access
for residents of the planned unit development shall not be considered
open space.
(10)
Floodplains. Fifty percent of the area within a floodplain shall
be considered open space.
(11)
Agriculture. Fifty percent of the area dedicated to or used
by commercial agricultural operations by easements or other restrictions
shall be considered open space, whether or not the area is within
an open space.
(12)
Equestrian fields. Fifty percent of the area used by equestrian
centers for grazing and open space that maintains a vegetative cover
shall be considered open space, limited to areas not designated as
Agricultural Preservation in the Future Land Use Map.
(13)
Golf courses. Twenty-five percent of the area of golf courses,
driving ranges, or putting greens shall be considered open space.
(14)
Wetlands within lots. Twenty-five percent of the area of existing
wetlands within individual lots that are protected with a conservation
easement shall be considered open space.
D. Contribution limitations. Existing water bodies, lakes with parks,
wetlands, and ponds shall contribute no more than 50% of the required
open space for the area used to calculate the minimum open space or
additional lots.
E. Structures. Structures within open space shall be limited to a cumulative
coverage of 1% of the open space.
F. Ownership and control. The open space shall be owned and controlled
by a homeowners' association or nonprofit land or nature trust or
conservancy.
G. Design and location. Open space shall be designed and located as
outlined below.
(1) Exterior roads. Open space shall be located along all exterior public
roads and shall have a depth of at least 100 feet.
(2) Adjacent open space. If a planned unit development is adjacent to
an established planned unit development or other recreation area with
a contiguous open space, it shall include some open space adjacent
to that open space.
(3) Open space between lots. Open space between residential lots shall
have a width of at least 100 feet.
(4) Accessibility. Open space shall be available and accessible to all
residents of the development. Safe and convenient nonmotorized access
points shall be provided.
(5) Water body. If the project contains a water body or is adjacent to
a water body, the Township may require all or a portion of the water
body be abutted by open space.
(6) Preservation. Open space shall be located to preserve significant
natural resources, scenic vistas, steep slopes, special plant and
animal habitats, and similar.
H. Conservation guarantee. The open space shall remain in that state
in perpetuity, subject to uses approved by the Township or in the
approved plan. A conservation guarantee or easement shall ensure that
the dedicated open space will be protected from all forms of development.
(1) Allowable uses. The conservation guarantee shall list the proposed
allowable uses for the open space.
(2) Restrictions. The conservation guarantee shall prohibit the following
activities within the open space:
(a)
Dumping. Dumping or storage of hazardous materials or refuse;
(b)
Soil erosion. Activities that may cause unnecessary soil erosion;
(c)
Off-road vehicles. Use of off-road vehicles, except for agricultural
and maintenance vehicles and golf carts for golf courses;
(d)
Vegetation removal. Cutting or removal of vegetation, except
for dying or diseased vegetation, invasive or pest species, seasonal
pruning, necessary maintenance, and agricultural operations;
(e)
Wetland. Cutting, filling, or removal of vegetation from wetland areas, except for invasive species. The Township may permit limited activities within wetlands, consistent with the Township's Wetlands Protection Ordinance, Chapter
330 of the Code of Ordinances, and state permits; and
(f)
Chemical use. Use of pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers within the wetland and water body buffers established in §
340-98G, Wetland buffer, and §
340-98H, Water body buffer, except those deemed necessary to address a public health emergency or for the management of invasive species.
(3) Recording. The conservation guarantee, following approval by the
Township, shall be recorded with the Register of Deeds at the applicant's
expense, with a recorded copy provided to the Township. The conservation
guarantee may be included as part of a master deed if the Township
has and retains the authority to review and approve all changes to
the master deed.
The Township Board, upon recommendation from the Planning Commission,
may approve additional lots beyond those allowed in a conventional
plan, as outlined below.
A. Conventional plan. A feasible conventional plan shall serve as the
basis for granting any additional lots.
(1)
Adequate detail. While intended as a conceptual plan, the Planning
Commission shall only approve a conventional plan after determining
that the submitted plan would otherwise be approvable under current
Township ordinances and review considerations. The conventional plan
shall provide enough detail for the Planning Commission to make this
determination, and the Planning Commission may request additional
detail or information it determines necessary.
(2)
Buildable lots. All lots or buildings shown in the conventional
plan shall be located on buildable lots, with sufficient size and
shape to accommodate a building, septic system, and well system, in
compliance with the existing district standards.
(3)
Wetland areas. Areas of wetlands, water bodies, and other unbuildable
areas shall not be included within buildable areas but may be included
in the lot area calculations.
B. Additional open space. Additional residential lots shall be awarded
for providing additional open space beyond the minimum required, as
outlined below. These additional residential lots shall be in addition
to any additional residential lots granted for superior design.
(1)
Increase. A 1% increase in the number of lots in the conventional
plan, rounded down, shall be granted for each 1% increase in open
space area.
(2)
Maximum increase. The additional residential lots from additional
open space shall not exceed 25% of the lots allowed in the conventional
plan.
C. Superior design. Additional residential lots shall be awarded for
each superior design element included in the planned unit development,
as outlined below. These additional residential lots shall be in addition
to any additional residential lots granted for open space.
(1)
Increase. A 5% increase in the number of lots in the conventional
plan, rounded down, shall be granted for each of the superior design
elements, unless otherwise noted.
(2)
Buffer. Providing additional buffer depth along exterior roads
or adjacent properties in a manner that reduces the impact of the
planned unit development on the surrounding area by enhancing or preservation
of rural character along the road or the adjacent properties.
(3)
Landscaping. Providing additional landscaping that uses native
species in a manner that reduces the visual impact of the planned
unit development on the surrounding area or improves the environment.
(4)
Agricultural operation. Allowing commercial agricultural operations
within the planned unit development.
(5)
Equestrian center. Providing an equestrian center, limited to
areas designated as Agricultural Preservation in the Future Land Use
Map.
(6)
Traffic calming. Integration of traffic calming within the design
of the planned unit development.
(7)
Public nonmotorized circulation. Dedicating or permitting public
use of nonmotorized circulation within the planned unit development.
(8)
Dwelling mix. Providing a mix of dwelling unit types, limited
to areas designated as High-Density Residential in the Future Land
Use Map.
(9)
Traditional neighborhood. Providing a traditional neighborhood
design, limited to areas designated as High-Density Residential in
the Future Land Use Map.
(10)
Architectural details. Constructing buildings with all of the
following architectural design details:
(a)
Predominant materials. The predominant exterior materials shall
be brick, architectural steel, wood lap, cementitious wood lap, stucco,
stone, cultured stone, or glass;
(b)
Accent materials. Other materials, including, but not limited
to, vinyl siding, aluminum siding, and colored, split-face concrete
masonry units shall only be used for architectural accents;
(c)
Variation. Variations of exterior design, material, pattern,
or color; and
(d)
Visual interest. Architectural details that create visual interest,
including, but not limited to, columns, pilasters, friezes, awnings,
dynamic roof lines, extended overhangs, belt courses, and quoining.
(11)
Maximum increase. The additional residential lots from superior
design shall not exceed 25% of the lots allowed in the conventional
plan.
D. Maximum increase. The total additional residential lots from §
340-100B, Additional open space, and §
340-100C, Superior design, shall not exceed 35% of the lots allowed in the conventional plan.
E. Nonresidential lots. Additional lots may be granted for nonresidential
uses beyond the number of lots allowed in the conventional plan for
shared common elements of the development or other permitted nonresidential
uses.
The Township Board may modify specific standards of this chapter
as part of planned unit development review and approval, as outlined
below.
A. Conflict. If another section of this chapter provides a process for
modification or administrative adjustment of standards of this chapter,
that section shall be controlling.
B. District development standards. The standards of the previous zoning
district, including, but not limited to, setbacks, coverage, lot area,
or lot width, may be modified, as outlined below.
(1)
Standards of review. In order to grant a modification of district
developmental standards, the Township Board shall make a finding that
all of the following are true:
(a)
Recognizable and substantial benefit. The planned unit development
shall result in a recognizable and substantial benefit to the ultimate
users of the planned unit development and the Township;
(b)
Higher-quality development. The planned unit development shall
result in a higher-quality development than that permitted by the
previous zoning district developmental standards; and
(c)
Modification necessary. The recognizable and substantial benefit
and higher-quality development could not be achieved without the modification.
(2)
Limitations. All residential lot widths shall be at least 60
feet, and all residential lots shall be adequate to fit any necessary
on-site well and septic systems.
C. Planned unit development standards. The design standards in §
340-98, Design standards, and open space standards in §
340-99, Open space, may be modified, as outlined below.
(1)
Standard of review. In order to grant a modification of the
planned unit development design standards and open space standards,
the Township Board shall make a finding that all of the following
are true:
(a)
Intent and purpose. The modification shall be consistent with
the intent and purpose of planned unit developments;
(b)
Public purpose. Strict adherence to the standard will not serve
a valid public purpose;
(c)
Higher quality. The modification shall be necessary to achieve
a higher-quality development than would be possible with conventional
development; and
(d)
Nuisance and safety. The modification shall not create a nuisance
or safety hazard.
(2)
Limitations. Modifications shall be limited, as outlined below.
(a)
Utilities. Modifications shall not be made to §
340-98C, Utilities.
(b)
Open space. Modifications of open space standards shall be limited to §
340-99E, Structures, and §
340-99G, Design and location.
D. Documentation. The planned unit development application shall list
all of the requested modifications, and the approved plan shall list
of all of the modified standards that were approved by the Township
Board.
E. Effect. Specific standards of this chapter that have been modified
for a planned unit development shall have the same force and effect
as though the modified standard were a part of this chapter. They
shall become the standards for the planned unit development and shall
only be amended or revoked as outlined in this article.
Authority to act on planned unit development applications shall
be as outlined below.
A. Preliminary approval. The Planning Commission shall have the authority
to approve conventional plans and preliminary planned unit development
plans and to make recommendations to the Township Board.
B. Final approval and modification of standards. The Township Board
shall have the authority to approve final planned unit development
plans and to modify the standards of this chapter, as outlined in
this article.
C. Appeal of decision. The Zoning Board of Appeals shall not have the
authority to hear an appeal of a decision of the Planning Commission
or Township Board to approve or deny a planned unit development.
D. Variances. The Zoning Board of Appeals shall not have the authority
to grant variances from the standards of this article.
Planned unit developments shall be reviewed as outlined below.
A. Zoning Map amendment. The planned unit development approval shall
constitute a rezoning to the planned unit district.
B. Preapplication conference. The applicant shall meet with the Planning
Commission, Zoning Administrator, and any staff and consultants the
Township deems appropriate before submission of a planned unit development
application. The applicant shall present a sketch plan of the proposed
planned unit development and the following additional information:
(1)
The total number of gross and net acres in the project;
(2)
A statement of the number and nature of residential units;
(3)
The number and type of nonresidential uses;
(4)
Description of the nature and number of acres to be preserved
as open space;
(5)
The number of acres occupied by each type of use;
(6)
Known deviations from ordinance standards being sought;
(7)
Description of how the project meets the qualifying standards
for planned unit developments;
(8)
Description of shoreline management plan, for planned unit developments
containing or adjacent to water bodies; and
(9)
All known natural resources and natural features to be preserved
and a separate indication of those to be removed.
C. Preliminary plan. Following the preapplication conference, the applicant shall submit a preliminary site plan of the proposed planned unit development, as outlined in Article
XIV, Site Plan and Plot Plan Review. The application shall also include a narrative describing the project, explain the manner in which qualifying conditions and standards of review are met, and list the deviations from the standards of this chapter.
D. Planning Commission action. The Planning Commission shall review
the preliminary site plan and shall take one of the following actions:
(1)
Approval. The Planning Commission shall grant preliminary approval
or approval with conditions upon finding that the preliminary plan
meets the criteria in this chapter. Approval constitutes approval
of the uses and design concept, as shown in the preliminary plan,
and shall only confer the right to proceed to preparation and submission
of the final plan; approval of the preliminary plan by the Planning
Commission shall not bind the Township Board to approve the final
plan or the Zoning Map amendment;
(2)
Postponement. The Planning Commission may postpone any action
until a revised preliminary plan is resubmitted upon finding that
the preliminary plan does not meet the criteria in this chapter but
could meet the criteria if revised; or
(3)
Denial. The Planning Commission shall deny preliminary approval
upon finding that the preliminary plan does not meet the criteria
in this chapter and no further consideration of the planned unit development
shall be permitted for a period of one year, unless amended to address
the reasons for denial.
E. Final plan. Following approval or approval with conditions of a preliminary
plan, the applicant shall submit a final plan, as outlined below.
(1)
Period. A complete final site plan and supporting materials
required by this chapter shall be submitted between 30 and 365 days
following approval of the preliminary plan. If a final plan is not
submitted within that period, the preliminary plan approval shall
become null and void.
(2)
Information required. A final site plan and application for
a planned unit development shall include the following information:
(a)
A final site plan meeting all the requirements of Article
XIV, Site Plan and Plot Plan Review;
(b)
A table listing all of the deviations from this chapter that
would otherwise be applicable to the uses and development proposed;
(c)
A schedule of the intended development and construction details,
including phasing and timing;
(d)
A schedule of the general improvements that are a part of the
development, including, but not limited to, lighting, signs, noise
mitigation measures, utilities, and visual screening features;
(e)
Specification of the exterior building materials for the structures
in the project;
(f)
A shoreline management plan, for planned unit developments containing
or adjacent to water bodies;
(g)
Signatures of all parties having any interest in the property
with a statement of the nature of their interest and intention to
see the development of the property completed in accordance with the
approval, if granted; and
(h)
Any additional information deemed necessary to determine compliance
with this chapter and other Township ordinances.
F. Planning Commission recommendation and Township Board action.
(1)
The final plan shall constitute an application for a Zoning
Map amendment for the property to the Planned Unit Development District
and shall be noticed for a public hearing before the Planning Commission.
It shall be otherwise be acted upon by the Planning Commission, the
Township Board, and the county, as provided by law, using the procedures
and requirements necessary for a Zoning Map amendment.
(2)
Planning Commission recommendations. The Planning Commission
shall, to the extent it deems appropriate and necessary, submit detailed
recommendations relative to the planned unit development, including
recommendations with respect to matters on which the Township Board
may exercise discretion.
(3)
Township Board action. The Township Board, upon recommendation of the Planning Commission, shall ensure that all applicable regulations of this chapter, the applicable provisions of the Master Plan, the review standards of §
340-103H, Review standards, of this article, and other Township ordinances, standards, or policies are met.
(4)
Effect of approval. The planned unit development with any conditions
imposed, if approved, shall constitute a Zoning Map amendment of the
land to the Planned Unit Development District and shall act as the
land use authorization for the property, and all improvements and
uses shall conform to that approval.
(5)
Notice of approval. Notice of adoption of the Zoning Map amendment,
including the final planned unit development plan and any conditions,
shall be recorded at the Livingston County Register of Deeds, in addition
to any other requirements of the Zoning Enabling Act.
G. Conditions. Conditions may be placed on approval of a planned unit
development, to the extent authorized by law, as outlined below.
(1)
Public services. Conditions may be required to ensure that public
services and facilities will be sufficient to serve the planned unit
development.
(2)
Natural environment. Conditions may be required to ensure protection
of the natural environment.
(3)
Compatibility. Conditions may be required to ensure compatibility
with adjacent uses of land.
(4)
Use of land. Conditions may be required to promote the use of
land in a socially and economically desirable manner.
(5)
Public purpose. Conditions shall be designed to protect public
health, safety, and welfare reasonably related to the purposes affected
by the planned unit development, necessary to meet the intent and
purpose of this chapter, and related to the objective of ensuring
compliance with the standards of this chapter.
(6)
Special assessment district. The Township may require establishment
of a special assessment district to ensure continuation of amenities,
infrastructure, and superior design elements.
(7)
Financial guarantees. With respect to financial guarantees,
the final approval of a planned unit development shall be conditioned
on one of the following:
(a)
The construction of improvements required by this article shall
have been completed and approved by the Township; or
(b)
Surety acceptable to the Township shall have been filed in the form of a cash deposit, certified check, negotiable bond, irrevocable bank letter of credit, or surety bond, as described in §
340-104.2, Performance guarantee.
(8)
Record. All conditions imposed shall be made a part of the record
of the approved planned unit development.
H. Review standards. The Planning Commission and Township Board shall
use the following review standards in their consideration of a planned
unit development. In order to approve a planned unit development,
the Township Board shall find all of the following to be true:
(1)
Intent and purpose. That the planned unit development meets the intent and purpose of this article, as described in §
340-94, Purpose and intent;
(2)
Qualifying conditions. That the planned unit development meets the qualifying conditions of this article, as described in §
340-95, Qualifying conditions;
(3)
Surrounding character. That the planned unit development does
not substantially alter the character of the general neighborhood
in which the development is proposed;
(4)
Single-family uses. That the locations of the proposed buildings
in the planned unit development will not have an unduly negative impact
on other single-family uses in the vicinity of the proposed development;
(5)
Existing features. That the planned unit development, where
applicable, preserves in perpetuity unique site conditions, including,
but not limited to, significant natural features, large open space
areas, undeveloped lands, or active agricultural land;
(6)
Master Plan. That the proposed planned unit development shall
be consistent with the vision and goals of the Master Plan;
(7)
Compatibility. That the proposed use or uses shall be of such
location, size, and character as to be compatible with the zoning
district in which it is located and shall not be detrimental to the
adjoining zoning districts;
(8)
Circumvention. That the submission of the planned unit development
is not an attempt to circumvent the strict application of the requirements
of this chapter; and
(9)
Final site plan. That the final site plan meets the requirements of Article
XIV, Site Plan and Plot Plan Review.
Final approval of a planned unit development shall be valid
for a period from the date of approval, as outlined below.
A. Single-phase. Construction for single-phase planned unit developments
shall be commence within one year following final approval of the
planned unit development.
B. Multiple-phase. Construction each phase of a multiple-phase planned
unit development shall commence within one year of the start date
approved for the phases by the Township Board.
C. Effect. If construction does not commence within the above period,
the approval shall become null and void. Approved planned unit developments
that have expired shall be resubmitted for review as a new application.
D. Extension request. If a complete application for an extension has
been submitted before the expiration date, the planned unit development
shall remain valid until the reviewing authority makes a decision
on the extension request.
E. Extensions. The Planning Commission can grant a single, one-year
extension for a planned unit development or a phase of a planned unit
development, and the Township Board can grant an additional single,
one-year extension for a planned unit development or a phase of a
planned unit development, upon finding that all of the following are
true:
(1)
Application date. The application for an extension was submitted
before the expiration date;
(2)
Applicant effort. The applicant has made a good-faith effort
to commence construction in a timely manner and the delay was not
the result of actions or inaction of the applicant;
(3)
Substantial changes. There have been no substantial changes
on abutting properties or the area since the original approval that
would raise concern of the impact of the approved planned unit development
on those properties or the planned unit development; and
(4)
Current standards. The approved planned unit development shall
be in substantial compliance with this chapter at the time of extension.
Deviations from the approved final planned unit development
plan may occur only under the conditions described below.
A. An applicant or property owner who has been granted final planned
unit development plan approval shall notify the Planning Commission
of any proposed amendment to such approved final plan or planned unit
development conditions.
B. Minor changes. Minor changes may be approved by the Planning Commission
at a public meeting, but without a public hearing, upon certification
in writing to the Planning Commission that the proposed revision does
not alter the basic design nor any conditions of the plan imposed
upon the final approval. In considering such a determination, the
Planning Commission shall consider the following to be a minor change:
(1)
For residential buildings, the size of structures may be reduced,
or increased by 5%, provided that the overall number of units does
not increase;
(2)
Square footage of nonresidential buildings may be decreased
or increased by up to 5% or 10,000 square feet, whichever is smaller;
(3)
Horizontal and/or vertical elevations may be altered by up to
5%;
(4)
Movement of a building or buildings by no more than 10 feet;
however, established setbacks shall not be encroached;
(5)
Plantings approved in the final planned unit development landscape
plan may be replaced by similar types of landscaping on a one-to-one
or greater basis;
(6)
Improvements to site access or circulation, such as inclusion
of deceleration lanes, boulevards, curbing, pedestrian/bicycle paths,
etc.;
(7)
Changes in floor plans which do not alter the character of the
use;
(8)
Slight modification of sign placement or reduction of size;
(9)
Relocation of sidewalks, nonmotorized trails, and/or refuse
storage stations;
(10)
Internal rearrangement of a parking lot which does not affect
the number of parking spaces or alter access locations or design;
and
(11)
Changes required or requested by the Township or other agencies
for safety.
C. Non-minor changes. Should the Planning Commission determine that
the requested modification to the approved planned unit development
plan is not minor or if a change in land use has occurred that is
different from the approved land uses, formal resubmittal to the Planning
Commission shall be necessary, and a new public hearing and notification
shall be required.
D. Significant changes. Should the Planning Commission determine that
the modifications to the approved planned unit development plan significantly
alter the intent of the original approval, a new planned unit development
application shall be required.
E. Violation. Any deviation from the approved planned unit development
plan, except as authorized in this section, shall be considered a
violation of this chapter and treated as a misdemeanor. Further, any
such deviation shall invalidate the planned unit development designation.
The Planning Commission shall review all violations, at which time
all planned unit development implementation shall cease until each
issue is resolved.
Performance guarantees shall be required for planned unit developments,
as described below.
A. In lieu of the actual installation of required public improvements,
the Township Board, on recommendation of the Planning Commission,
may permit the applicant to provide a financial guarantee of performance
of one or a combination of the requirements of the Township, the County
Road Commission, County Drain Commission, or any other agency responsible
for the administration, operation, or maintenance of the applicable
public improvement. The Planning Commission may recommend and the
Township Board may waive financial guarantees of performance under
this article for nonmotorized circulation, streetlights, or street
trees. In the case of all improvements, completion shall be required
before the issuance of occupancy permits.
B. Performance of surety bond.
(1)
Accrual. The bond shall accrue to the Township, covering construction,
operation, and maintenance of the specific improvements.
(2)
Amount. The bond shall be in an amount equal to the total estimated
cost for completing construction of the specific improvements, including
contingencies, as estimated by the Township Board.
(3)
Term length. The term length in which the bond is in force shall
be for a period to be specified by the Township Board for the specific
improvements.
(4)
Bonding for surety company. The bond shall be with a surety
company authorized to do business in the State of Michigan, acceptable
to the Township Board.
(5)
The escrow agreement shall be drawn and furnished by the Township
Board.
C. Cash deposit, certified check, negotiable bond, or irrevocable bank
letter of credit.
(1)
Treasurer, escrow agent, or trust company. A cash deposit, certified
check, negotiable bond, or an irrevocable bank letter of credit, or
such surety acceptable by the Township Board, shall accrue to the
Township. These deposits shall be made with the Township Treasurer,
or trust company, subject to the approval of the Township Board.
(2)
Dollar value. The dollar value of the cash deposit, certified
check, negotiable bond, or an irrevocable bank letter of credit shall
be equal to the total estimated cost of construction of the specific
improvements, including contingencies, as estimated by the Township
Board, in consultation with an independent engineer.
(3)
Escrow time. The escrow time for the cash deposit, certified
check, negotiable bond, or irrevocable bank letter of credit shall
be for a period to be specified by the Township Board.
(4)
Progressive payment. In the case of cash deposits or certified
checks, negotiable bonds or irrevocable bank letters of credit, an
agreement between the Township and the developer may provide for progressive
payment out of the cash deposit or reduction of the certified check,
negotiable bond or irrevocable bank letter of credit, to the extent
of the cost of the completed portion of the improvements in accordance
with a previously entered into agreement.