[R.O. 2009 § 205.562; Ord. No. 3421 § 1, 5-22-2014]
The following words and phrases as used in this Article XI of Chapter 205, unless the context otherwise requires, mean:
To apply a controlled substance, whether by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means, directly to the body of a patient or research subject by:
An authorized person who acts on behalf of or at the direction of a manufacturer, distributor, or dispenser. The term does not include a common or contract carrier, public warehouseman, or employee of the carrier or warehouseman while acting in the usual and lawful course of the carrier's or warehouseman's business.
A substance the chemical structure of which is substantially similar to the chemical structure of a controlled substance in Schedule I or II and:
Which has a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system substantially similar to the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance included in Schedule I or II; or
With respect to a particular individual, which that individual represents or intends to have a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system substantially similar to the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance included in Schedule I or II. The term does not include a controlled substance; any substance for which there is an approved new drug application; any substance for which an exemption is in effect for investigational use, for a particular person, under Section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) to the extent conduct with respect to the substance is pursuant to the exemption; or any substance to the extent not intended for human consumption before such an exemption takes effect with respect to the substance.
The actual, constructive, or attempted transfer from one (1) person to another of drug paraphernalia or of a controlled substance, or an imitation controlled substance, whether or not there is an agency relationship, and includes a sale.
A drug containing any quantity of barbituric acid or any of the salts of barbituric acid or any derivative of barbituric acid which has been designated by the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services as habit-forming under 21 U.S.C. 352(d);
A drug containing any quantity of:
Amphetamine or any of its isomers;
Any salt of amphetamine or any salt of an isomer of amphetamine; or
Any substance the United States Attorney General, after investigation, has found to be, and by regulation designated as, habit-forming because of its stimulant effect on the central nervous system;
Lysergic acid diethylamide; or
Any drug containing any quantity of a substance that the United States Attorney General, after investigation, has found to have, and by regulation designated as having, a potential for abuse because of its depressant or stimulant effect on the central nervous system or its hallucinogenic effect.
To deliver a narcotic or controlled dangerous drug to an ultimate user or research subject by or pursuant to the lawful order of a practitioner, including the prescribing, administering, packaging, labeling, or compounding necessary to prepare the substance for such delivery.
A practitioner who dispenses.
A person who distributes.
Substances recognized as drugs in the official United States Pharmacopoeia, Official Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States, or Official National Formulary, or any supplement to any of them;
Substances intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease in humans or animals;
Substances, other than food, intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of humans or animals; and
Substances intended for use as a component of any article specified in this subdivision. It does not include devices or their components, parts or accessories.
All equipment, products, substances and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use, or designed for use, in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance in violation of Chapters 195 or 579, RSMo., or this Article XI of Chapter 205. It includes, but is not limited to:
Kits used, intended for use, or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing or harvesting of any species of plant which is a controlled substance or from which a controlled substance can be derived;
Kits used, intended for use, or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, or preparing controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Isomerization devices used, intended for use, or designed for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance;
Testing equipment used, intended for use, or designed for use in identifying, or in analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Scales and balances used, intended for use, or designed for use in weighing or measuring controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Dilutents and adulterants, such as quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, mannite, dextrose and lactose, used, intended for use, or designed for use in cutting controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use, or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining, marijuana;
Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons and mixing devices used, intended for use, or designed for use in compounding controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Capsules, balloons, envelopes and other containers used, intended for use, or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Containers and other objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in storing or concealing controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
Hypodermic syringes, needles and other objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in parenterally injecting controlled substances or imitation controlled substances into the human body;
Objects used, intended for use, or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise introducing marijuana, cocaine, hashish, or hashish oil into the human body, such as:
Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic, or ceramic pipes with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads, or punctured metal bowls;
Water pipes;
Carburetion tubes and devices;
Smoking and carburetion masks;
Roach clips, meaning objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand;
Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials;
Chamber pipes;
Carburetor pipes;
Electric pipes;
Air-driven pipes;
Chillums;
Bongs;
Ice pipes or chillers;
Substances used, intended for use, or designed for use in the manufacture of a controlled substance; in determining whether an object, product, substance or material is drug paraphernalia, a court or other authority should consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, the following:
Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use;
Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, under any State or Federal law relating to any controlled substance or imitation controlled substance;
The proximity of the object to controlled substances or imitation controlled substances;
The existence of any residue of controlled substances or imitation controlled substances on the object;
Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, to deliver it to persons who he knows, or should reasonably know, intend to use the object to facilitate a violation of Chapters 195 or 579, RSMo., or this Article XI of Chapter 205; the innocence of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, as to direct violation of Chapters 195 or 579, RSMo., or this Article XI of Chapter 205, shall not prevent a finding that the object is intended for use, or designed for use, as drug paraphernalia;
Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use;
Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain or depict its use;
National or local advertising concerning its use;
The manner in which the object is displayed for sale;
Whether the owner, or anyone in control of the object, is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as a licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products;
Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales of the object to the total sales of the business enterprise;
The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community;
Expert testimony concerning its use;
The quantity, form or packaging of the product, substance or material in relation to the quantity, form or packaging associated with any legitimate use for the product, substance or material.
A place devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the diagnosis, treatment or care, for not less than twenty-four (24) hours in any week, of three (3) or more non-related individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, deformity or other abnormal physical conditions; or a place devoted primarily to provide, for not less than twenty-four (24) consecutive hours in any week, medical or nursing care for three (3) or more non-related individuals. The term "hospital" does not include convalescent, nursing, shelter or boarding homes as defined in Chapter 198.
All nonseed parts and varieties of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, growing or not, that contain an average delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration exceeding three-tenths of one percent (0.3%) on a dry-weight basis.
Illegal industrial hemp shall be destroyed in the most effective manner possible, and such destruction shall be verified by the Missouri state highway patrol.
A substance that is not a controlled substance, which by dosage unit appearance (including color, shape, size and markings), or by representations made, would lead a reasonable person to believe that the substance is a controlled substance. In determining whether the substance is an imitation controlled substance the court or authority concerned should consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, the following:
Whether the substance was approved by the Federal Food and Drug Administration for over-the-counter (non-prescription or non-legend) sales and was sold in the Federal Food and Drug Administration approved package, with the Federal Food and Drug Administration approved labeling information;
Statements made by an owner or by anyone else in control of the substance concerning the nature of the substance, or its use or effect;
Whether the substance is packaged in a manner normally used for illicit controlled substances;
Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or anyone in control of the object, under State or Federal law related to controlled substances or fraud;
The proximity of the substances to controlled substances;
Whether the consideration tendered in exchange for the non-controlled substance substantially exceeds the reasonable value of the substance considering the actual chemical composition of the substance and, where applicable, the price at which over-the-counter substances of like chemical composition sell. An imitation controlled substance does not include a placebo or registered investigational drug either of which was manufactured, distributed, possessed or delivered in the ordinary course of professional practice or research.
A substance which:
The State Department of Health and Senior Services has found to be and by rule designates as being the principal compound commonly used or produced primarily for use in the manufacture of a controlled substance;
Is an immediate chemical intermediary used or likely to be used in the manufacture of a controlled substance; and
The control of which is necessary to prevent, curtail or limit the manufacture of the controlled substance.
All nonseed parts and varieties of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, growing or not, that contain an average delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration that does not exceed three-tenths of one percent (0.3%) on a dry-weight basis or the maximum concentration allowed under federal law, whichever is greater.
Any Cannabis sativa L. seed that is part of a growing crop, retained by a grower for future planting, or used for processing into or use as agricultural hemp seed.
Industrial hemp includes industrial hemp commodities and products and topical or ingestible animal and consumer products derived from industrial hemp with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than three-tenths of one percent (0.3%) on a dry-weight basis.
The production, preparation, propagation, compounding or processing of drug paraphernalia or of a controlled substance, or an imitation controlled substance, either directly or by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, and includes any packaging or repackaging of the substance or labeling or relabeling of its container. This term does not include the preparation or compounding of a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance or the preparation, compounding, packaging or labeling of a narcotic or dangerous drug:
By a practitioner as an incident to his administering or dispensing of a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance in the course of his professional practice; or
By a practitioner or his authorized agent under his supervision, for the purpose of, or as an incident to, research, teaching or chemical analysis and not for sale.
Cannabis indica, Cannabis saliva, and Cannabis ruderalis, hybrids of such species, and any other strains commonly understood within the scientific community to constitute marijuana, as well as resin extracted from the marijuana plant and marijuana-infused products. "Marijuana" does not include industrial hemp as defined by Missouri Statute, or commodities or products manufactured from industrial hemp.
[Ord. No. 4300, 2-23-2023]
Any drug containing ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, or any of their salts, optical isomers, or salts of optical isomers.
Any of the following, whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical analysis:
Opium, opiate, and any derivative of opium or opiate, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of the isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation. The term does not include the isoquinoline alkaloids of opium;
Coca leaves, but not including extracts of coca leaves from which cocaine, ecgonine, and derivatives of ecgonine or their salts have been removed;
Cocaine or any salt, isomer, or salt of isomer thereof;
Ecgonine, or any derivative, salt, isomer, or salt of isomer thereof;
Any substance having an addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining liability similar to morphine or being capable of conversion into a drug having addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining liability. The term includes its racemic and levorotatory forms. It does not include, unless specifically controlled under Section 195.017, RSMo., or this Article XI of Chapter 205, the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-methoxy-n-methyl-morphinan and its salts (dextromethorphan).
A retail sale licensed pursuant to Chapter 144 RSMo., of a drug other than a controlled substance.
An individual, corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, joint venture, association, or any other legal or commercial entity.
A person, with the knowledge of the presence and nature of a substance, has actual or constructive possession of the substance. A person has actual possession if he has the substance on his person or within easy reach and convenient control. A person who, although not in actual possession, has the power and the intention at a given time to exercise dominion or control over the substance either directly or through another person or persons is in constructive possession of it. Possession may also be sole or joint. If one person alone has possession of a substance, possession is sole. If two or more persons share possession of a substance, possession is joint.
A physician, dentist, optometrist, podiatrist, veterinarian, scientific investigator, pharmacy, hospital or other person licensed, registered or otherwise permitted by the State of Missouri to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to or administer or to use in teaching or chemical analysis, a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research in the State of Missouri, or a pharmacy, hospital or other institution licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to or administer a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research.
Includes the manufacture, planting, cultivation, growing, or harvesting of drug paraphernalia or of a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance.
The number assigned to each person registered under the Federal controlled substances laws.
Includes barter, exchange, or gift, or offer therefor, and each such transaction made by any person, whether as principal, proprietor, agent, servant or employee.
When applied to a part of the United States, includes any state, district, commonwealth, territory, insular possession thereof, and any area subject to the legal authority of the United States of America.
Includes unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any natural or synthetic material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of a substance that is a cannabinoid receptor agonist, including but not limited to any substance listed in paragraph (II) of subdivision (4) of subsection 2 of Section 195.017, RSMo., and any analogues, homologues; isomers, whether optical, positional, or geometric; esters; ethers; salts; and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of the isomers, esters, ethers, or salts is possible within the specific chemical designation, however, it shall not include any approved pharmaceutical authorized by the United States Food and Drug Administration.
A person who supplies drug paraphernalia or controlled substances or imitation controlled substances that he himself has not produced or prepared, on official written orders, but not on prescriptions.