The purpose of this article is to require off-street parking and loading facilities proportional to the need created by each use, to discontinue nonconforming driveways and to require driveways to conform to the minimum access standards contained herein. Development regulations and design standards are intended to insure the usefulness of parking and loading facilities, protect the public safety, and where appropriate, to mitigate the potential adverse impacts on neighboring properties.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-100), 3-22-94)
(a) 
Applicability.
Off-street parking facilities shall be provided for any new building constructed and for any new use established. Off-street parking facilities shall be provided for any addition or enlargement of an existing building or use, or any change of occupancy or manner of operation that would result in additional parking spaces being required, provided that the additional parking shall be required only for such addition, enlargement, or change and not for the entire building or use.
(b) 
Existing facilities.
Facilities being used for off-street parking on the effective date of this chapter shall not be reduced in capacity to less than the number of spaces prescribed, or altered in design or function to less than the minimum standards prescribed herein.
(c) 
Multiple uses.
For sites with more than one use, or for adjacent sites served by a common parking facility, the parking requirement shall be the total number of spaces required for each site or use, except as adjusted pursuant to the joint use provisions herein.
(d) 
Future construction.
Parking facilities constructed or substantially reconstructed subsequent to the effective date of this chapter, whether or not required, shall conform to the design standards set forth herein.
(e) 
Maintenance and use.
All required parking facilities and associated drive access shall be maintained for the duration of the use requiring such areas. Such facilities shall be used exclusively for the temporary parking of passenger automobiles, motor vehicles, or light trucks not exceeding one ton in capacity, and shall not be used for the sale, display, or storage of merchandise, or for the storage or repair of vehicles or equipment.
(f) 
Parking on paved surface required.
Except as otherwise provided, it shall be unlawful for any person to park or to cause, suffer, maintain or allow to be parked upon any property under his control any vehicle, including but not limited to an automobile, truck, motorcycle, motorhome, camper, trailer, boat or mobile home, except upon the surface as specified in Table 5-A-1 unless:
(1) 
The vehicle is parked within a rear or side yard of a one- or two-family residence and is screened from view from adjacent properties and public streets with a landscaped buffer or screening fence in accordance with section 84-336(b)(1) (landscape screen) or (b) (wood fence screen) of this chapter, or;
(2) 
The property is zoned for single-family use and the residence existing thereon was originally constructed prior to July 12, 1977, and which had when constructed, only a one-car garage or which had no garage.
(3) 
A special exception has been granted by the board of adjustments because of unique circumstances which make complying with this paragraph unreasonable and the board of adjustments finds the approval of such request will not be detrimental to adjacent properties in the city and is not contradictory to the purpose of this article or spirit of this chapter.
The maximum paved area devoted to parking on properties zoned for one- or two-family dwellings shall not exceed 50 percent of the street yard unless a special exception has been granted by the board of adjustment consistent with the criteria described above in subsection (f)(3).
(g) 
Schedule of parking space requirements.
The minimum number of off-street parking spaces to be provided shall be as follows (refer to Table 5-A for relation of parking groups to permitted uses):
Table 5-A. Parking Group Schedule
Group
Minimum Number of Off-Street Parking Spaces
1
1 per unit
2
1 per unit plus .5 per bedroom and 1 guest space per every 5 units
3
2 per unit
4
1 per 50 sq. ft. of gross floor area plus 12
5
1 per 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
6
1 per 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
7
1 per 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area
8
1 per 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area
9
1 per 400 sq. ft. of gross floor area
10
1 per 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area
11
1 per 600 sq. ft. of gross floor area
12
1 per 800 sq. ft. of gross floor area
13
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area
14
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of gross site area
15
1 per 1,500 sq. ft. of gross site area
16
1 per 3 students
17
1 per 5 students
18
1 per 15 students
19
1 per 25 students
20
1 per employee on largest shift
21
1 per bay or pump island
22
1 per 4 beds
23
1 per 4 seats
24
1 per 6 machines
25
5 per hole
26
5 per alley or table
27
3 queuing spaces per bay or stall
28
5 queuing spaces per bay or stall
(h) 
Design standards.
(1) 
Dimensions.
An off-street parking space shall include an area of not less than 162 square feet, measured approximately nine feet by 18 feet, and shall not be located on a public street or alley. Maneuvering aisles shall generally measure 24 feet in width.
(2) 
Surfacing.
All off-street parking areas, loading and unloading areas, access driveways, alleys and fire lanes shall be paved as specified below in Table 5-A-1; excepting single-family (SF1) structures that exist prior to the effective date of Ordinance No. 1339. Parking areas include parking spaces enclosed or unenclosed, aisles, display, storage, staging, mutual access, and maneuvering areas. All areas shall be graded to drain in such a manner that the runoff shall be properly channeled into a storm drain watercourse area or other appropriate facility. All sidewalks shall be paved as specified in Table 5-A-1.
TABLE 5-A-1 MINIMUM PAVING STANDARDS
Paving Class
Pavement Use
1 & 2 Family
Commercial, Industrial & Multifamily
Motor Vehicle Parking, Maneuvering, Storage, Display, Staging, Etc.
2
2
Temporary Motor Vehicle Parking Longer than 6 Weeks, Less than 1 Year
2
2
Temporary Motor Vehicle Parking In Conjunction with Special Event (5 days to a max. duration of 90 days)
1
1
Dumpster Pads and Approaches (Trash Collection Areas)
N/A
5
Fire Lanes, Permanent
N/A
5
Fire Lanes, Temporary Less than 1 Year
N/A
3
Loading, Unloading, Mutual Access Drives
N/A
5
Alleys
5
N/A
Driveway, Within R.O.W.
4
5
Driveway, Private Property
2
N/A
Sidewalks, R.O.W., Easement or Private Property
2
2
PAVING CLASS DESIGNATION
1.
Two (2) inch gravel minimum.
2.
Concrete 4" thick, 3000 psi., #3 bars @ 24" centers each way.
3.
Asphalt 2" Type “B” HMAC Base + 2" Type “D” HMAC Surface.
4.
Concrete 5" thick, 550 psi. (flexural), #3 bars @ 18" centers each way.
5.
Concrete 6" thick, 650 psi. (flexural), #4 bars @ 18" centers each way.
GENERAL NOTES
A.
All subgrades for Class 3 and higher shall be stabilized with a minimum 6% hydrated lime slurry or cement slurry to a minimum depth of 6". Soils testing and analysis is required for Class 3 pavement and higher and Class 2 pavement in commercial, industrial and multifamily uses. Class 2 motor vehicle parking, maneuvering, storage, display and staging areas shall require a minimum of 6" scarified and compacted subgrade. Lime or cement stabilization are recommended.
B.
Alternate designs may be required or permitted by the city engineer based upon proposed use and soil reports & analysis of a Texas Registered Professional Engineer.
C.
Reinforcing steel shall be supported by chairs.
D.
Two-inch extra depth concrete may be permitted in lieu of lime or cement stabilization in unique situations upon approval of the city engineer.
E.
Temporary fire lanes shall only be permitted with the approval of the fire marshal’s office and shall conform to the design and layout criteria established by the fire marshal’s office.
F.
Construction details for Pavement Classes 2-5 are provided in the city’s standard detail sheets.
(3) 
Configuration.
Head-in parking adjacent to a public street or alley, wherein the maneuvering or vehicles in entering or leaving the space must be done off a public street or alley, shall be prohibited; however, this does not apply to single-family and two-family dwellings.
(4) 
Calculation.
In determining the required number of parking spaces, fractional spaces shall be rounded upward to the nearest whole space. Service bays located in repair garages or car washes shall not be counted as meeting required minimum parking.
(5) 
Joint use.
Where a lot or tract of land is used for a combination of uses, off-street parking requirements shall be the sum of the requirements for each type of use and no space provided for one type of use shall be included in computing the requirements for any other use. Floor area devoted to off-street parking shall be excluded in computing floor area for off-street parking requirements.
(6) 
Availability.
Except for institutional uses, required off-street parking for all permitted uses shall be available to customers, employees, tenants, clients and occupants on a prearranged basis, other than an hourly or fee basis, as free or contract parking.
(7) 
Remote location.
Required off-street parking for permitted residential uses shall be provided on the lot or tract occupied by the primary use. For all other permitted uses, off-street parking may be provided on the tract occupied by the primary use or upon another tract within 300 feet from the primary use and dedicated to parking use by an instrument filed for record and consolidated under a single certificate of occupancy with the primary area. Such parking facility shall be located in the same zoning district as the main use and meet all design standards set forth herein.
(8) 
Required parking for one- and two-family dwellings.
a. 
New construction–All required off-street parking serving new one- or two-family dwellings shall be covered with a garage, a carport or combination thereof. The covered parking shall be located behind any applicable building line and in no instance less than 20 feet from the street or alley right-of-way line the required parking is accessed from except R-1C (single-family custom dwelling district). Covered parking for the R-1C is required to be located to the rear of the lot behind any applicable building line and shall not be located less than 40 feet from the street right-of-way line the required parking is accessed from. No more than 50 percent of the total street yard shall be paved.
b. 
Garages which have had one or more of the vehicle parking areas permanently enclosed are permitted only in R-1 (single-family detached dwelling district). Two concrete paved parking spaces must be provided when enclosing a one- or two-car garage.
(9) 
Site plan required.
Any person establishing an off-street parking facility or applying for a building permit for the construction, reconstruction, or alteration of the use of any building, other than a single-family residence, shall submit to the administrator a site plan designating the number, dimensions and location of off-street parking spaces to be provided. The administrator shall approve or disapprove the off-street parking facilities designated on the site plan and shall designate curb cuts to service the property.
(10) 
Pedestrian access.
Pedestrian access to buildings shall be provided from parking areas by means of pathways leading to at least one public entrance. Such pathways shall be cleared of all obstructions related to construction activity prior to the opening of the building to the general public. Where curbs exist along such pathway, as between a parking lot surface and sidewalk surface, inclined curb approaches or curb cuts having a gradient of not more than one foot in 12 feet and width of not less than four feet shall be provided for access by wheelchairs.
(11) 
Handicapped spaces.
Designated parking spaces shall be reserved for the physically handicapped as set forth in Table 5-B. Each space so reserved shall be not less than 12 feet in width. Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be appropriately signed in accordance with state statutes and be located as near as possible to elevators, ramps, walkways and entrances and shall not be located so that such persons are compelled to wheel or to walk behind parked cars to reach entrances, ramps, walkways and elevators. One in every eight parking spaces for the handicapped, but not less than one, shall be served by an access aisle 96 inches (2440 mm) wide minimum and shall be designated “van accessible.” All applicable ADA requirements for parking spaces must be met.
Table 5-B. Handicapped Space Schedule
Total Parking in Lot
Required Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces
1 to 25
1
26 to 50
2
51 to 75
3
76 to 100
4
101 to 150
5
151 to 200
6
201 to 300
7
301 to 400
8
401 to 500
9
501 to 1000
2 percent of total
1,001 and over
20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
(i) 
Lighting.
(1) 
Definitions.
For purposes of this subsection, “covered parking facility” includes but is not limited to parking structures and parking shelters, whether the sides of such are open or enclosed.
(2) 
Illumination required.
a. 
Required illumination levels in this section shall be met by all projects for which a site plan has not been approved by the effective date of passage of this section. In addition, it is the intent of this section that nonconforming properties will eventually meet the standards contained herein. Existing properties shall come into compliance with the requirements of this section in the following situations:
1. 
At the time of replat;
2. 
When a new certificate of occupancy is required due to a change in the occupancy type of the property;
3. 
When a building permit is issued for reconstruction or renovation of more than 51 percent of the replacement value of a structure;
4. 
When a building permit is issued for substantial expansion of an existing building. Whether expansion is “substantial” shall be determined by staff on a case by case basis;
5. 
When public safety officials and/or the city engineer determine that an imminently dangerous situation exists on a specific property, city council may set a date by which that property must come into compliance with the conditions and requirements of this section, after which date city staff may enforce this section on that property.
b. 
Required minimum initial illumination levels shall be met prior to final inspection. Slightly lower minimum levels of illumination may be acceptable when caused by the existence of a natural obstruction such as a tree.
c. 
Subsequently, required minimum maintained illumination levels (minimum on pavement for open areas, average on pavement and vertical for covered areas) shall be met during the hours of operation of any business for which an off street open parking lot or covered parking facility contains required parking, and continuously for any off street multifamily residential parking, as measured without the presence of cars or other temporary obstructions. All covered parking facilities, which includes parking structures and parking shelters, shall also provide the following:
1. 
No less than ten percent of the required minimum maintained average on pavement and vertical illumination levels at all times;
2. 
Lighting fixtures located strategically to provide a minimum illumination level of no less than ten percent of the required average on pavement and vertical values in case of an interruption to the normal power supply.
(3) 
Maximum uniformity ratio.
The maximum uniformity ratio (the ratio of average to minimum illuminance) of any contiguous off street open parking areas, service drives, and/or driving lanes in parking areas and of any covered parking facility, shall be no more than 4:1.
(4) 
Minimum illumination levels for open parking areas.
Minimum illumination levels measured on the pavement for all off street open parking areas, service drives, and/or driving lanes in parking areas shall be as follows. Minimum initial illumination levels measured on the pavement shall be no less than 30 percent above the latest published Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) standards for general parking and pedestrian areas with the levels of activity indicated below, and minimum maintained illumination levels shall meet or exceed the above referenced IESNA standards. If a use falls into more than one category listed below, the higher illumination level requirements shall govern.
a. 
IESNA standard for general parking and pedestrian areas with a high level of activity:
1. 
Regional shopping centers (buildings over 300,000 square feet);
2. 
Eating establishments (drive thru), detached;
3. 
Amusement and recreational services category, UDC Section 84-84, Table 4-A (includes golf courses);
b. 
IESNA standard for general parking and pedestrian areas with a medium level of activity:
1. 
Community shopping centers (buildings 100,001 to 300,000 square feet);
2. 
Housing in the TH, MH, R-3, R-4, R-5 residential categories
3. 
Hospitals and emergency care clinics;
4. 
Municipal facilities, including parks;
5. 
The following categories in UDC Section 84-84, Table 4-A: office uses, retail uses, personal services, business services, automotive services, miscellaneous repair services, trucking/warehousing and wholesale trade transportation facilities;
c. 
IESNA standard for general parking and pedestrian areas with a low level of activity:
1. 
Neighborhood shopping centers (buildings 30,001 to 100,000 square feet);
2. 
Convenience shopping centers (buildings 0 to 30,000 square feet);
3. 
The following categories in UDC Section 84-84, Table 4-A: institutional and educational facilities (includes churches) and manufacturing activities.
(5) 
Minimum illumination levels for covered parking.
a. 
For any covered parking facility, initial average on pavement illumination levels, as well as initial vertical illumination levels as measured six feet above the pavement, shall be no less than 30 percent above the latest published Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) standards for covered parking facilities. Maintained average on pavement illumination levels, as well as maintained vertical illumination levels as measured six feet above the pavement, shall meet or exceed the above referenced IESNA standards.
b. 
Stairway illumination shall initially be no less than 30 percent above the latest published Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) range of illuminances for stairways in covered parking facilities, and maintained at a level that meets or exceeds the above referenced IESNA range of illuminances.
(6) 
Fixtures.
a. 
Parking and site lighting fixtures including poles shall be compatible in color and design with the largest occupiable building. Lighting fixtures can be mounted on new and existing poles and structures for purposes of meeting the requirements of this section, with the stipulations below.
b. 
All parking lot or site lighting fixtures which are installed on poles after the effective date of this section [December 8, 1998] must be placed on metal poles.
c. 
Properties with townhome, mobile home, or multifamily apartment uses, or which are in TH, MH, R-3, R-4, or R-5 zoning categories: Poles made of materials other than metal which are used for parking or site lighting as of December 8, 1998 are allowed to remain and can be used to meet the requirements of this section.
d. 
Properties with commercial or industrial uses, or which are in TX-10, TX-121, C-1, C-2, LI, I-1, or I-2 zoning: Wood poles may not be used for parking lot or site lighting. Poles made of materials other than metal which are used for parking or site lighting as of December 8, 1998 must be removed by December 31, 2003. Their replacement with metal poles is encouraged.
e. 
Appurtenances must be placed underground for all parking and site lighting fixtures and poles that are installed after December 8, 1998.
f. 
Cutoff and semicutoff design fixtures are not mandated, but may be required in some cases if the director of planning and development or designee determines that other fixture types will result in light trespass in violation of this section.
g. 
All lighting required by this section shall be controlled by a photo cell or seasonally-adjusted timer switch.
h. 
Each lighting fixture must be in good working order at all times on all properties in the City of Euless, whether or not other conditions and/or restrictions of this section apply to the property.
(7) 
Lamps.
Monochromatic light sources, such as low pressure sodium lamps, are prohibited. All other lighting types are allowed, as long as the illumination provided meets the conditions and requirements of this subsection.
(8) 
Light trespass.
All lighting used to illuminate off street open parking areas, service drives, and/or driving lanes in parking areas and in all covered parking facilities shall be so arranged as to minimize light trespass onto adjacent rights-of-way and properties that are zoned or used for other than residential purposes, and to eliminate light trespass onto adjacent residentially zoned or used properties. For purposes of this section, “light trespass” includes:
a. 
The illumination of properties other than the one on which the fixture is located; and
b. 
Excessive brightness in the normal field of vision (nuisance glare).
In no case shall lighting be permitted to create dangerous traffic safety conditions.
(9) 
Enforcement.
When properties are required to come into conformance with the requirements of this subsection, as described in subsection (1), above, the site plan (for new developments), or the replat, certificate of occupancy, or building permit application (for existing properties) shall contain the following information. City construction and building inspectors will verify that fixtures have been installed as described on the lighting plan before a certificate of occupancy will be issued:
a. 
A lighting plan showing the locations and general throw patterns of parking lot lighting fixtures; a graph of footcandles and distance from light fixtures that demonstrates compliance with this subsection; and a lighting table that lists type of luminaire, pole height, wattage at installation for each fixture; and
b. 
The seal of a registered architect or engineer, as well as a note stating: “The property represented on this plan conforms with the parking lot lighting requirements of Section 84-201(i) of the Unified Development Code of the City of Euless, Texas.”
(10) 
Exceptions.
Exceptions to these requirements may be granted by the city council on a case-by-case basis provided that the council finds that a proposed alternative may better serve the public interest. Exceptions approved by the council shall be in effect for only the site and occupant specifically authorized by council.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-200), 3-22-94; Ordinance 1326, §§ 1-10, 5-26-98; Ordinance 1338, § I, 12-8-98; Ordinance 1339, §§ I, II, 3-23-99; Ordinance 1536, § 1, 9-10-02)
Off-street facilities shall be provided and maintained for receiving and loading merchandise, supplies and materials within a building or on the lot or tract adjacent thereto. Off-street loading spaces may be adjacent to a public alley or private service drive or may consist of a truck berth within the structure with no portion of the loading space extending into the public right-of-way or fire lane. At least half of all required off-street loading spaces shall have a minimum dimension ten by 40 feet and the remainder shall have a minimum dimension of ten by 20 feet. Adequate space shall be provided on-site for maneuvering into and out of required loading spaces. Such spaces shall be provided in accordance with Table 5-C.
Table 5-C. Off-Street Load for Nonresidential
(1) 
Business and manufacturing uses.
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
Minimum Required Spaces
0 to 10,000
1
10,000 to 50,000
2
50,000 to 100,000
3
Each additional 100,000
1
(2) 
Hotel or office uses.
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
Minimum Required Spaces
Under 50,000
0
50,000 to 150,000
1
150,000 to 300,000
2
50,000 to 100,000
3
500,000 to 1,000,000
4
Each additional 500,000
1
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-300), 3-22-94)
The city engineer shall have the authority to interpret and enforce minimum access standards as contained herein and to require additional access when deemed necessary by the engineers, based on standards contained in the Institute of Transportation Engineers publication “Transportation and Land Development,” C 1988, and as updated. The city engineer shall have the right to require modifications to any driveway if the city engineer determines the driveway to be unsafe.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-400), 3-22-94)
(a) 
The curb return radius of driveways intersecting public streets shall be located no closer to the nearest right-of-way line of the nearest adjacent public street intersections than the minimum distances shown in Table 5-D. A platted lot with less frontage than the minimum distance required may be required to obtain access rights across adjacent property to a driveway meeting these requirements.
(b) 
Driveways intersecting arterial streets with median dividers shall align with existing or planned median openings or be located a minimum distance along the property line of 125 feet from the nearest point of median opening as measured from the nearest median nose to the throat of the driveway. Median access may be achieved by means of access rights obtained by mutual agreement with an adjacent property owner with driveway access meeting these requirements.
Table 5-D. Minimum Clearance of Driveways From Nearest Intersecting Street Right-of-Way Line
Type of Street Intersected
Type of Adjacent Street Intersected
Minimum on Departure
Clearance Distance on Approach
Arterial
Arterial
150 feet
150 feet
Arterial
Collector
100 feet
70 feet
Arterial
Minor
70 feet
50 feet
Collector
Arterial
100 feet
100 feet
Collector
Collector
70 feet
50 feet
Collector
Minor
50 feet
50 feet
Minor
Arterial
30 feet
30 feet
Minor
Collector
20 feet
20 feet
Minor
Minor
10 feet
10 feet
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-401), 3-22-94)
A driveway serving a primarily residential land use shall not directly access an arterial street facility. A driveway serving a primarily commercial or industrial land use shall not be allowed to access a public residential alley.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-402), 3-22-94)
(a) 
No single platted lot shall be allowed a cumulative driveway width greater than 50 percent of the total platted frontage on each street that is accessed.
(b) 
All one- or two-family land uses shall be allowed a maximum of one driveway opening per public street or alley except as provided by the approval of circular driveway access.
(c) 
All land uses other than one- or two-family land uses shall be allowed a maximum number of driveways as indicated in Table 5-E. Driveways approved and constructed on property lines perpendicular to the accessed street to provide mutual or common access shall be considered in addition to the maximum number of driveways permitted by Table 5-E.[1]
Table 5-E. Maximum Number of Driveways Allowed
Length of Public Street Frontage
Maximum Number of Driveway Openings
200 feet or less
1
200 feet or more
1/200 feet
[1]
Original has this as Subsection (b).
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-403), 3-22-94)
(a) 
Successive driveways located on the same platted property shall be located no closer together than 50 feet as measured between the adjacent driveway throats or the sum of the adjacent curb radii of the two driveways plus a 25-foot tangent length, whichever is greater. A one-way driveway pair shall be separated by a minimum distance equal to the sum of the two adjacent curb radii as measured between the adjacent driveway throats, with a minimum two feet radius and maximum of five feet radius. On circular driveways a minimum of 25 feet of stand up curb between driveway curb radii shall be required.
(b) 
Adjacent driveways on adjacent platted properties shall be located no closer together than the sum of the two adjacent curb radii as measured between the adjacent driveway throats. A common driveway on a property line may be allowed or required by the city engineer. An access easement shall be required and the driveway shall conform to all other design standards.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-404), 3-22-94)
(a) 
Driveway types.
Driveways shall be classified as follows:
(1) 
Standard driveways provide two-way access movements at single, undivided curb opening.
(2) 
One-way driveways provides one way access movements and can only be permitted when the orientation of on-site circulation and parking layout clearly utilize the driveway for one-way movements.
(3) 
High capacity/limited movement driveways are intended to provide two-way access movements with geometric provisions to more adequately respond to greater driveway volumes and/or access limitations than a standard driveway provides, to include greater width, curb radii, provision of internal storage, divider median and on-street deceleration lanes.
(4) 
Circular driveways which provide one or two-way access to and from single-family residential property only, by means of two curb openings on the same property.
(b) 
Driveway width.
Driveway widths shall be measured between the termination of the curb radii at a point of tangency essentially perpendicular to the street and shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 5-F for the type of driveway and land use shown.
Table 5-F. Minimum/Maximum Width of Driveways
Driveway Type
Land Use
Minimum
(feet)
Maximum
(feet)
Standard
Residential
10
24
Standard
Commercial/multifamily
25
40
Standard
Industrial
30
50
One-way
Residential
n/a
n/a
One-way
Commercial/multifamily
15
25
One-way
Industrial
15
25
Circular
Residential
10
15
Circular
Commercial/multifamily
n/a
n/a
Circular
Industrial
n/a
n/a
(1) 
High capacity/limited movement driveways shall be composed of the combination of an entrance lane width, exit lane width and median width (if applicable) and in accordance with the minimum requirements of Table 5-G.
Table 5-G. High Capacity Driveway-Minimum/Maximum Width
 
Minimum
(feet)
Maximum
(feet)
Entrance lane
16
24
Exit lane
 
 
One lane
12
16
Two lane
24
24
Median (if applicable)
4
10
(2) 
Circular driveways shall apply to residential land uses only and shall require a minimum lot frontage of 60 feet. The inside radius of the driveway shall be tangent to the inside curb return radius approximately perpendicular to the street.
(c) 
Driveway curb radii.
Driveway curb radii shall be in accordance with Table 5-H for the type of driveway and land use shown. Driveway radii shall be constructed to meet the street edge of pavement or curb at a point of tangency and shall describe a full quarter circle arc from the street onto the property accessed.
Table 5-H. Minimum/Maximum Curb Radii
Driveway Type
 
Radius
(feet)
 
Land Use
Minimum
Maximum
Standard
Residential
5
15
Standard
Commercial/multifamily
15
30
Standard
Industrial
25
50
One-way
Residential
n/a
n/a
One-way
Commercial/multifamily
15
30
One-way
Industrial
25
40
Circular residential
Outside radius
5
15
 
Inside radius
5
15
Circular
Commercial/multifamily
n/a
n/a
Circular
Industrial
n/a
n/a
(1) 
High capacity/limited movement driveway shall be constructed to serve the greater driveway volumes and/or limitation of movements. Curb radii features shall be a minimum of five feet where turning movements are to be prohibited or discouraged and a maximum of 50 feet where turning movements are allowed.
(d) 
Internal storage shall be provided at nonresidential driveways, to minimize vehicle conflicts at the driveway entrance in accordance with Table 5-I.
Table 5-I. Internal Storage Requirements
Number of Parking Spaces per Driveway
Minimum Storage Length (feet) Measured Back from Property Line
Less than 50
18
50 to 200
50
More than 200
78
(e) 
All driveways shall intersect the public street at essentially right angles except that one-way driveways may intersect at angles no less than 45 degrees.
(f) 
Vertical design criteria shall include a maximum driveway grade of ten percent. Maximum “breakover” angles, being the algebraic difference in successive grade changes, shall be 12 percent for summit condition and eight percent for sag conditions.
(g) 
Driveways utilized for direct access to designated fire lanes shall be constructed in accordance with criteria established by the fire marshal to permit unimpeded access for emergency fire equipment.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-405), 3-22-94)
It is the declared purpose of this article that nonconforming driveways be discontinued and that driveways be required to conform to the regulations prescribed herein having due regard for the investment in such nonconforming driveways.
Any driveway access which does not conform to the provisions of this article but legally existed as a conforming driveway prior to the adoption of this article shall be permitted to continue as a nonconforming access driveway. Such nonconforming access driveway may be continued until:
(1) 
A change of use, or an increase in intensity of use, occurs such that this article requires an additional five parking spaces or a ten percent increase in parking spaces, whichever is greater; or the addition of a use which requires stacking required by this article occurs. This provision shall be cumulative for any site from the effective date of this article.
(2) 
A significant rehabilitation of a structure is requested which amounts to 40 percent of the floor area or 40 percent of the appraised value.
(3) 
A modification is made to any existing access on site.
In the event any of the above criteria is met, the driveway shall be considered illegal and the city engineer may require driveway access to meet the requirements of this article. No certificate of occupancy shall be issued on property containing an illegal access driveway required to be discontinued under this section, unless and until all applicable standards contained in this chapter are met.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-406), 3-22-94)
Decisions of the city engineer regulating the provisions contained herein may be appealed to the board of adjustment within ten days of the date of the decision.
The board of adjustment may vary the provisions of this article where physical impossibility prevents compliance. “Physical impossibility” means that the property owner cannot meet the standards of the article to achieve one point of access to a public street and a mutual access easement is impractical. Financial hardship shall not constitute physical impossibility.
The board of adjustment may hear an appeal of the city engineer’s interpretation of the provisions of this article. If the board determines that the city’s engineer’s interpretation is correct, no variance may be permitted.
Decisions of the board of adjustment may be appealed to district court within ten days of the date of the decision. Appeal shall be by writ of certiorari.
(Ordinance 1133, § 1(5-407), 3-22-94)