In addition to the objectives prescribed in Section 18.04.010 of this title, the R-1 one-family residential districts are included in this title to achieve the following purposes:
A. 
To reserve appropriately located areas for family living at reasonable population densities consistent with sound standards of public health and safety;
B. 
To ensure adequate light, air, privacy and open space for each dwelling;
C. 
To protect one-family dwellings from the lack of privacy associated with multi-family dwellings;
D. 
To provide space for semipublic facilities needed to complement urban residential areas and for institutions that require a residential environment;
E. 
To minimize traffic congestion and to avoid the overloading of utilities by preventing the construction of buildings of excessive size in relation to the land around them;
F. 
To preserve the natural beauty of hillsides and avoid slide and drainage problems by encouraging retention of natural vegetation and discouraging improperly controlled mass grading;
G. 
To provide necessary space for off-street parking of automobiles and, where appropriate, for off-street loading of trucks;
H. 
To protect residential properties from the hazards, noise and congestion created by commercial and industrial traffic;
I. 
To protect residential properties from noise, illumination, unsightliness, odors, dust, dirt, smoke, vibration, heat, glare, and other objectionable influences;
J. 
To protect residential properties from fire, explosion, noxious fumes and other hazards.
(Prior code § 2-6.11)
The following uses shall be permitted in the R-1 districts:
A. 
One-family dwelling in which not more than two guest sleeping rooms may be used for lodging or boarding.
B. 
Raising of fruits, nuts, vegetables and horticultural specialties for private, noncommercial consumption.
C. 
Temporary subdivision sales offices conducted in accord with the regulations prescribed in Chapter 18.116 of this title.
D. 
Accessory structures located on the same site with a permitted use, including private garages and carports, one guesthouse or accessory living quarters without a kitchen, storehouse, garden structures, greenhouses, recreation rooms and hobby areas within an enclosed structure and the following accessory structures and uses located on the same site with a permitted use or with a conditional use which has been granted a use permit in accord with the provisions of Chapter 18.124 of this title:
1. 
Emergency standby electricity generator, fuel cell, and/or battery facilities provided that the facilities shall be tested from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday or from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon on Satur-day or Sunday only; the facilities shall not be tested for more than one hour during any day and no testing shall be on federal holidays or on "Spare The Air Days" in Alameda County;
2. 
Portable, temporary electricity generator, fuel cell, or battery facilities in the R-1-40,000 district;
3. 
Photovoltaic facilities.
E. 
Private stable for the keeping of two horses on a site not less than 40,000 square feet in area, except that one additional horse may be kept for each additional 40,000 square feet of site areas, provided that no stable shall be located closer than 50 feet to any property line, closer than 50 feet to any dwelling on the site, or closer than 100 feet to any other dwelling.
F. 
Household pets including up to six female chickens.
G. 
Large and small family daycare homes.
H. 
Accessory dwelling or junior accessory dwelling units meeting the requirements in Chapter 18.106 of this title.
I. 
Employee housing (agricultural) that complies with California Health and Safety Code Sections 17008, 17021.5 and the other applicable provisions of the Employee Housing Act at California Health and Safety Code Sections 17000 et seq., and to include a residential safety management plan.
J. 
Supportive housing that provides shelter for six or fewer persons in a dwelling unit, subject to the provisions of Chapter 18.107.
K. 
Transitional housing that provides shelter for six or fewer persons in a dwelling unit, subject to the provisions of Chapter 18.107.
L. 
Beekeeping meeting the requirements of Chapter 18.103 of this title.
M. 
Housing developments meeting the requirements of Chapter 18.101 of this title.
(Prior code § 2-6.13; Ord. 1126 § 5, 1984; Ord. 1636 § 3, 1994; Ord. 1880, 2003; Ord. 1885 § 2, 2003; Ord. 1930 § 1, 2006; Ord. 2061 § 2, 2013; Ord. 2062 § 2, 2013; Ord. 2113 § 1, 2015; Ord. 2161 § 1, 2017; Ord. 2213 § 2, 2021; Ord. 2228 §1, 2021; Ord. 2244 § 2, 2023)
The following conditional uses shall be permitted in the R-1 districts upon the granting of a use permit in accord with the provisions of Chapter 18.124 of this title:
A. 
Agriculture for commercial purposes limited to the raising of fruits, nuts, vegetables, horticultural specialties, and related facilities and structures.
B. 
Charitable institutions.
C. 
Churches, convents, monasteries, parish houses, parsonages and other religious institutions.
D. 
Golf courses.
E. 
Nursery schools.
F. 
Nursing homes and senior care/assisted living facilities for not more than three patients.
G. 
Private recreation parks and swim clubs.
H. 
Private nonprofit schools.
I. 
Public utility and public service facilities including pumping stations, power transmission stations, power distribution stations, equipment buildings, service yards, drainageways and structures, water reservoirs, percolation basins, well fields, and storage tanks. These facilities must be found by the planning commission to be necessary for the public health, safety, or welfare.
J. 
Accessory structures and uses located on the same site as a conditional use and the following accessory structures and uses located on the same site as a permitted use or a conditional use that has been granted a use permit:
1. 
Small electricity generator facilities located on the same site as a charitable institution, religious institution, golf course, nursery school, nursing home, senior care/assisted living facility, private recreation facility, private recreation park, private swim club, private nonprofit school, or public facility and that meet the following criteria:
a. 
The fuel source for the generators shall be natural gas, biodiesel, or the byproduct of an approved cogeneration or combined cycle facility;
b. 
The facilities shall use the best available control technology to reduce air pollution;
c. 
The facilities shall not create any objectionable odors at any point outside of the property plane where the facilities are located;
d. 
The facilities shall not exceed a noise level of 45 dBA at any point on any residentially zoned property outside of the property plane where the facilities are located;
e. 
On a site with fuel cell facilities, small electricity generator facilities shall not be permitted unless the aggregate wattage of the two facilities is less than one megawatt. If the aggregate wattage of the two facilities is one megawatt or greater, the small electricity generator facilities shall be subject to all requirements and processes prescribed in this title for medium or large electricity generator facilities, whichever is the most applicable, in the subject zoning district; and
f. 
The facilities shall be cogeneration or combined cycle facilities, if feasible.
2. 
Small fuel cell facilities that meet the following criteria:
a. 
The facilities shall not create any objectionable odors at any point outside of the property place where the facilities are located;
b. 
The fuel cell facilities shall not exceed a noise level of 45 dBA at any point on any residentially zoned property outside of the property plane where the facilities are located; and
c. 
On a site with electricity generator facilities, small fuel cell facilities shall not be permitted unless the aggregate wattage of the two facilities is less than one megawatt. If the aggregate wattage of the two facilities is one megawatt or greater, the small fuel cell facilities shall be subject to all requirements and processes prescribed in this title for medium or large fuel cell facilities, whichever is the most applicable, in the subject zoning district.
Small fuel cell facilities are encouraged to be cogeneration or combined cycle facilities.
K. 
Home occupations conducted in accord with the regulations prescribed in Chapter 18.104 of this title.
L. 
Rabbit or fowl raising (including more than six female chickens) consistent with the provisions of Section 7.36.040 of this code.
M. 
Any grading requiring a permit by Section 7006 of the building code of the city on property having a "weighted incremental slope," as defined in Chapter 18.76 of this title, of 10 percent or greater. This subsection shall not apply to any recorded lot or to any property on which an approved tentative map exists at the effective date hereof.
N. 
Skateboard ramps.
O. 
Small bed and breakfasts in accordance with Chapter 18.124, Article IV of this title.
P. 
Employee housing (agricultural) that complies with California Health and Safety Code Sections 17008, 17021.6 and the other applicable provisions of the Employee Housing Act at California Health and Safety Code Section 17000 et seq., and to include a residential safety management plan.
(Prior code § 2-6.14; Ord. 1126 § 6, 1984; Ord. 1238 § 3, 1986; Ord. 1636 § 4, 1994; Ord. 1690 § 3, 1996; Ord. 1743, 1998; Ord. 1812, 2000; Ord. 1880, 2003; Ord. 1885 § 2, 2003; Ord. 1930 § 1, 2006; Ord. 2062 § 2, 2013; Ord. 2086 § 2, 2014; Ord. 2244 § 2, 2023)
The following conditional uses shall be permitted in R-1 districts upon the granting of a temporary conditional use permit in accord with the provisions of Section 18.116.050 of this title:
A. 
Christmas tree sales lots.
(Ord. 1443 § 1, 1989)
The following uses shall not be permitted in the R-1 districts:
A. 
Any use not specifically or conditionally permitted by this chapter, unless a determination is made under Chapter 18.128 of this title.
B. 
Barbed wire fences or any fence which has attached to it, for purposes of prohibiting people or animals from climbing the same, barbed wire regardless of type, with the following exceptions:
1. 
Where this title specifically allows for the keeping of horses,
2. 
Where property, although zoned for residential use, has not yet developed pursuant to that zoning and, thus, a great deal of open acreage still remains and is used for the keeping of horses and other animals included in the agricultural district, such usage becoming nonconforming as a result in change in zoning.
C. 
Gunsmiths.
D. 
Firearm sales.
E. 
Any process, equipment or material which has been determined by the planning commission to be detrimental or harmful to the public health, safety or welfare or injurious to property. This determination shall be made at a public hearing set and noticed pursuant to Section 18.12.040 of this title and shall be subject to review by or appeal to the city council as set forth in Section 18.124.090 of this title.
(Prior code § 2-6.12(a); Ord. 1738 § 1, 1998; Ord. 1880, 2003)
No sign, outdoor advertising structure, or display of any character shall be permitted in the R-1 districts except as prescribed in Chapter 18.96 of this title.
(Prior code § 2-6.17)
All uses shall be subject to design review as prescribed in Chapter 18.20 of this title except for accessory dwelling units as provided in Chapter 18.106 and housing developments as provided in Chapter 18.101. Applicants are advised to confer with the zoning administrator before preparing detailed plans.
(Prior code § 2-6.18; Ord. 1656 § 1, 1995; Ord. 2213 § 2, 2021; Ord. 2228 § 1, 2021)