Chapter 19.28 OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING STANDARDS

The purpose of this chapter is to:

Provide objective parking and loading facility standards to guide design in new development or major remodels;

Provide accessible, secure, and well-maintained off-street parking and loading facilities;

Increase public safety by maintaining necessary clearances free of obstructions on public and private property;

Promote well-planned and coordinated relationships between parking and loading facilities, site services and building support needs, and surrounding neighborhood conditions; and

Ensure access and maneuverability for emergency vehicles, first responders, and service providers.

To the extent that state law conflicts with the requirements of this chapter, state law will control.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023)

§ 19.28.020 Applicability.

Off-Street Parking, Bicycle Parking, and Loading. To the extent permitted by state law, all off-street parking and loading areas shall comply with the provisions of this chapter. Adherence to bicycle parking and support facility standards are required for: (1) all new multi-family residential and mixed-use buildings or buildings with 5,000 square feet of commercial space; (2) expansion of existing non-residential structures by more than 5,000 square feet; and (3) expansion of existing residential structures by two or more units, not including ADUs/JADUs. No additional bicycle parking facilities or shower facilities are required for a change of use.

Timing of Improvements. A use shall not be commenced, and structures shall not be occupied until improvements required by this chapter are completed.

Waivers to Specific Requirements. The review authority may waive or reduce any of the parking design and landscaping requirements of this chapter upon finding that the waiver or modification is in the interest of the public health, safety, and welfare. The review authority may not reduce the number of parking, bicycle, or loading spaces required except through the variance, parking reduction, or modification processes.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 19-1055 § 6, 2019; Ord. 19-1058 § 52, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023)

§ 19.28.030 General Parking Regulations.

When parking is required or provided, the following requirements shall apply unless otherwise noted in this chapter.

Layout and Access Plan Required. All land use permit applications and any request for new or modified parking areas or facilities shall include a parking layout and access plan for review and approval of parking design and layout, access, signage, driveways, landscaping, and screening.

Parking Operations Plan Required. Applicants for mechanical lifts, automated parking structures, valet, underground solid waste, loading, or delivery operations, non-residential uses with new parking lots, or surface parking lots shall submit a parking operations plan to the Community Development Director for review and approval before issuance of building permits.

The plan shall include the type and location of access control that will be used, rates charged for parking (if any), method of payment for parking, number of transactions that can be accommodated throughout the day, whether the development will offer validated parking, whether parking for employees will be subsidized, and other information as requested by the Community Development Director.

If using off-site parking, the plan shall address both on- and off-site parking lots. The Community Development Director may require a list of incentives that the applicant will provide to encourage patrons to park in the off-site lot rather than driving to the project site and having the valet drive to the off-site lot. The plan shall specify when and to whom the incentives will be given.

Location of Parking. Off-street parking shall be located as follows.

Parking shall be located on the same site as the activities or uses served unless a Parking Use Permit is obtained in compliance with Chapter 19.56 of this Code for non-residential use.

Except for single-family dwellings and duplexes, all parking spaces shall be located either behind, adjacent to, or within a structure. The location of parking spaces for residential uses shall comply with Section 19.28.090(D)(1)(a) of this chapter (Residential Parking - Location).

Required parking, loading, and service and delivery areas shall not be allowed in any required front setback, except in single-family dwellings and duplexes, where excess parking is permitted upon a paved driveway that provides access directly from the street to an allowed garage or carport.

In mixed-use projects, residential parking shall be identified by signage and/or markings, separated, and secured from commercial parking by locating residential and commercial parking on separate floors, providing individual access to distinct residential and commercial parking areas, installing gated or otherwise physically separated areas for residential and commercial parking. Signage alone is not permissible.

Availability. Required parking and loading spaces shall be available during permitted hours of operation and shall be marked and maintained for parking or loading purposes for the use they are intended to serve.

The Community Development Director may approve the temporary reduction of parking or loading spaces in conjunction with a seasonal or intermittent use for a period of not more than 30 days subject to the approval of a temporary use permit (Chapter 19.54 of this Code).

Persons in control of the operation of a premises for which parking or loading spaces are provided to occupants or service providers shall not prevent, prohibit, or restrict other persons from using their assigned spaces.

Parking that is identified to be shared between uses during simultaneous operating hours may be allowed in compliance with Section 19.28.070 of this chapter subject to a parking use permit (Chapter 19.56).

Parking for residential uses shall be maintained for the exclusive use of occupants and their guests, and shall not be rented, sold, or otherwise made available to non-resident non-guests of the building.

Maintenance. Parking spaces, driveways, maneuvering aisles, turnaround areas, and landscaping areas shall be maintained free of dust, graffiti, and litter; and striping, paving, walls, light standards, and all other facilities shall be maintained in good condition.

Vehicles for Sale. Vehicles or trailers shall not be parked upon a public street, parking lot, or public property for the purpose of displaying the vehicle or trailer for sale, hire, or rental. This type of business may be allowed if allowed in compliance with Section 19.36.380 of this Code (Vehicle Sales and Rentals).

Vehicle Towing. Vehicle towing signs shall be posted on all non-residential parking lots in compliance with Section 10.24.080(a)(4) of this code.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 05-720 § 5, 2005; Ord. 15-965 § 8, 2015; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 53 – 55, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.040 Number of Parking Spaces Required.

Minimum Parking Requirements. Each land use shall provide at least the minimum number of off-street parking spaces required by Table 3-6, except where:

A greater number of spaces is required through approval of a discretionary land use permit;

A parking reduction has been granted in compliance with Section 19.28.060 of this chapter (Reduction of Off-Street Parking Requirements); or

The following provisions of this section adjust the requirements of Table 3-6; or

Local parking regulations are preempted by state law.

Expansion or Remodeling of Structure or Change in Use.

When the use of a structure changes to a use that is required by Table 3-6 to have the same number of parking spaces as the immediately previous use, no additional parking spaces shall be required for the new use, regardless of the number of spaces actually provided by the previous use; provided that the previous use was legally established, and the number of spaces has not decreased.

When the floor area of an existing structure is increased, additional parking spaces shall be provided on site as required by this chapter for the additional floor area.

Change in Use.

When a change in use requires more off-street parking than the previous use, additional parking spaces shall be provided equivalent to the difference between the number of spaces required by this Zoning Ordinance for the immediately previous use and the total number of spaces required by the new use.

Additional parking spaces shall not be required for a change in use that meets the following requirements.

The change in use is from a non-residential use to another equivalent or less intensive non-residential use that would require fewer parking spaces; and

ii.

The change in use occurs in a structure or tenant space that is less than 6,000 square feet.

When more than 50 percent of the floor area of a structure (other than a single-family dwelling or duplex) is intentionally demolished, any new use or structure shall provide the number of parking spaces required by this chapter, except that if an unreinforced masonry building, constructed before 1933, is demolished, a new structure of equivalent size shall be required to provide only the number of parking spaces that existed before the demolition, if construction is begun within one year of demolition.

Additional parking spaces shall not be required for the following:

An addition to a structure solely to improve access for disabled persons.

Additions or increases in the floor area within a structure that was built before November 29, 1984, that are 10 percent or less of the existing gross floor area or 250 square feet, whichever is less. Larger additions shall provide additional parking for the entire addition. This exemption shall not apply to a parcel more than one time for additions other than for increasing access for disabled persons. This exemption shall not apply to a bar, nightclub, or outdoor dining area.

Floor area within non-residential uses that is used for an on-site cafeteria, recreational facility, or a day care facility for exclusive use of employees and their children, when the review authority determines that the facilities will reduce or not increase traffic to and from the site, and thereby reduce the need for parking.

An accessory dwelling unit which is: (i) located within one-half mile of public transit; (ii) located within an architecturally and historically significant historic district; (iii) part of the existing primary residence or an existing accessory structure; or (iv) located within one block of a car share vehicle.

A junior accessory dwelling unit, as defined by the city's Zoning Ordinance.

Live/work units in existing buildings. Major remodels are not eligible.

Residential Additions.

One or Two Units. Additions to structures on sites with one or two dwelling units are not required to provide additional parking, provided that no additional units are proposed. For the purposes of parking requirements, accessory dwelling units and junior accessory dwelling units shall not count as an additional unit.

Three or More Units. Three or more dwelling units that do not conform to the provision of this chapter shall be brought into compliance at the time additions or alterations are made that cumulatively increase the existing floor area by more than 25 percent, as measured over a 10-year period preceding and including the proposed modification.

Mixed Use Sites. A site with multiple tenants shall provide the aggregate number of parking spaces required by this chapter for each separate use, except where a reduction of parking is allowed by the review authority in compliance with Section 19.28.060 of this chapter (Reduction of Off-Street Parking Requirements), or where the site qualifies to be considered a shopping center and provides parking accordingly.

Use of Table. Table 3-6 shall be interpreted as follows:

Primary Use is Basis for Requirements. The number of required parking spaces shall be based on the primary land use of the site; all accessory uses shall be provided parking based on the ratio required for the primary use, except where otherwise provided by Table 3-6, and as follows:

Accessory Retail Sales Area. A restaurant, personal services business (for example, a hair salon), or other business that does not primarily involve the retail sale of products for off-site use may include an accessory retail sales area with a parking requirement of three and one-half spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area, provided that the retail sales area does not exceed 25 percent of the total floor area. A larger sales area shall require parking at the same ratio as the primary business use.

Shared Facilities. If two or more non-residential uses share common facilities (for example, bathrooms) the parking requirement calculations for each use shall include the portion of the shared facility floor area proportionate to the number of uses that share the facilities. For example, if two uses share a facility, the parking requirement calculations for each shall include 50 percent of the floor area of the shared facility; if four uses share a facility, the parking requirements of each shall include 25 percent of the shared facility floor area.

Limitation. The provision of higher intensity uses (e.g., a bank, coffee bar, or personal service) within a primarily retail establishment shall not change the primary use for the purposes of calculating parking, as long as the higher intensity uses do not exceed more than 25 percent of the total floor area of the retail establishment or a maximum of 500 square feet, whichever is less.

Floor Area Calculations. In any case where this Zoning Ordinance establishes a parking requirement based on the floor area of a use in a specified number of square feet (for example: one space per 1,000 square feet), the floor area shall be construed to mean gross floor area unless otherwise specified.

Uses Not Listed. Parking for land uses not specifically listed by Table 3-6 shall be provided based on the most similar use in the table, as determined by the Community Development Director.

Rounding of Quantities. When calculating the number of parking spaces required, fractional spaces equal to or greater than one-half shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number and fractions less than one-half shall be eliminated.

TABLE 3-6 PARKING REQUIREMENTS BY LAND USE 1. RESIDENTIAL LAND USES
[Explanatory Notes Follow at the End of the Table]
Residential Land Use ¹	Required Parking Spaces
Accessory dwelling units and junior accessory dwelling units	No parking spaces required.
Projects with affordable housing	See Section 19.22.050 of this Code.
Duplexes, multi-family dwellings, condominiums, townhouses shared housing building⁸	Studio and micro-units up to 500 sq. ft.: 1 space; One bedroom units and studios larger than 500 sq. ft.: 1.5 spaces for each unit; In a courtyard building, 1 loft and 1 ancillary room may be added to a unit without increasing the parking requirement; 2 to 3 bedrooms: 2 spaces; 4 or more bedrooms: 3 spaces; Guest parking: 1 covered space for each 4 units for residential projects of 5 or more units.
Emergency shelters	No parking spaces required.
Live/work units	1 space for each unit.
Low barrier navigation centers	No parking spaces required.
Mixed-use projects	As required for each residential and non-residential use. See also Table 3-7.
Organizational houses, residential hotels, room rental	1 space for each sleeping room, or 1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of net habitable area if separate sleeping rooms not provided.
Residential care facilities	1 space for each 5 beds the facility is licensed to accommodate.
Second residential units	1 space in addition to that required for the primary single-family dwelling.
Senior housing and congregate care projects	0.5 space for each unit, plus 1 guest parking space for each 5 units.
Single-family detached dwellings, mobile homes	2 spaces per unit. See also Section 19.28.090(E) of this chapter.
Single room occupancy housing	0.5 space per unit, plus 1 guest space for each 5 units.
Supportive housing	No parking spaces required.
Two-unit projects, and on resulting lots following an urban lot split in the R1A and R1C Districts	No parking required. See also Section 19.36.325 of this Code.
Non-Residential Land Use	Required Parking Spaces⁵
Adult retail businesses	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Adult day care facilities	1 space for each 7 clients for which the facility is licensed plus adequate drop-off area as approved by the Community Development Director.
Art galleries	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Artisan/craft product manufacturing	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Artisan shops	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Auto and vehicle maintenance and repair	4.5 spaces for each service bay, plus adequate queuing lanes for each bay.
Auto and vehicle sales/rental, auto parts sales	2.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.; plus 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of parts department.
Automated teller machines (ATMs), exterior; not associated with an on-site financial institution	2 spaces for 1 or 2 machines plus 0.5 spaces for each additional machine over 2; no parking requirement within 1,000 feet of the intersection of San Vicente Boulevard and Santa Monica Boulevard.
Banks and financial services (see also ATM, above)	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Exterior ATM machines	0 space for each exterior ATM.
Bed and breakfast (B&Bs) and urban inns	In historic buildings: 0.5 spaces per guest unit. In non-historic buildings: 1 space per guest unit. All projects: Plus owner/operator parking as required for multi-family residential projects.
Broadcasting studios	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., for the first 25,000 sq. ft., and 1 space for each 1,000 sq. ft. thereafter.
Building material stores	1 space per 1,000 sq. ft.
Business support services	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Cannabis uses — Adult use retail	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Cannabis uses — Consumption areas	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Cannabis uses — Medical-use dispensary	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Cardrooms	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Child day care centers	1 space for each 10 children that the facility is licensed to accommodate, plus adequate drop-off area as approved by the Community Development Director.
Clubs, lodges, and meeting halls	1 space for each 5 fixed seats, or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of assembly or viewing area where there are no fixed seats.
Community centers	1 space for each 5 seats, or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of assembly areas where there are no fixed seats.
Convention centers	1 space for each 5 fixed seats, or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of assembly or viewing area where there are no fixed seats.
General retail stores (see also the parking requirements for shopping centers)	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Grocery stores	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Health/fitness facilities	3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Health/fitness facilities, personal training	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Hotels	0.5 space for each guest room; plus retail, restaurant, and conference uses calculated at 50% of the requirements of this table, and all other uses at 100% of the requirements of this table.
Indoor amusement/entertainment facilities	Determined by Conditional Use Permit.
Kiosks	No parking required. Outdoor dining related to kiosk must meet requirements of this table.
Laundries and dry cleaning plants	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., including incidental office area comprising less than 20% of the total floor area. Parking requirements for additional office area shall be calculated separately as required by this table for offices.
Laundromats	0.5 space for each 3 washing machines.
Libraries and museums	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Media production	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for the first 25,000 sq. ft., plus 1 space for each additional 1,000 sq. ft.
Medical services
Clinics, offices, labs, and other outpatient facilities	3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Extended care	1 space for each 3 beds the facility is licensed to accommodate.
Hospitals	2 spaces for each patient bed the facility is licensed to accommodate, plus spaces for ancillary uses as required by the Review Authority.
Microbreweries in conjunction with on-site sales	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Mortuaries and funeral homes	1 space for each 5 seats, or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for areas without fixed seats.
Newsstands and flower stands	None required.
Night clubs and bars	5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft
Offices	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for the first 25,000 sq. ft. plus 1 space for each additional 1,000 sq. ft.
Outdoor commercial recreation	Spectator seat areas: 1 space for each 5 seats. ³ Sport courts: 2 spaces per court, plus 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area other than courts. Ancillary uses: as required by this table for the specific use.
Outdoor Dining	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. if outdoor dining area is 1,001 sq. ft. or more; none required otherwise. ⁷
Palm readers, fortune tellers, psychics	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Pawn shops	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Personal services	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Pet shops	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Pharmacies	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Plant nurseries and garden supply stores	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of indoor use area; 0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of outdoor use area.
Printing and publishing	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., including incidental office area comprising less than 20% of the total floor area. Parking requirements for additional office area shall be calculated separately as required by this table for offices.
Public safety facilities	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Recycling facilities	0 spaces; see Section 19.36.260(C)(5) of this Code.
Religious facilities/places of worship	1 space per 5 fixed seats or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of assembly or viewing area where there are no fixed seats. 3
Research and development (R&D)	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Restaurants	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Schools — Public and private
Grade 9 and lower	1 space per classroom; plus 14 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of auditorium assembly area. 3
Grades 10 to 12	10 spaces per classroom; plus 14 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of auditorium assembly area. 3
College/university	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.; plus 2 drop-off spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Schools — Specialized education and training	5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. and 2 drop-off spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Service stations	1 space per pump island; plus 1 space per service bay.
Shopping centers ⁴	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for new centers.
Smoking areas	No parking required for smoking areas that do not have food and/or alcoholic beverage service. Otherwise, 250 sq. ft. allowed without parking; 251 sq. ft. or more shall be provided parking at the ratio required for the underlying use.
Studios — Art, dance, music, photography	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for facilities with classes of up to 10 students at a time or facilities that cater exclusively to children under 17 years of age. 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. for facilities with more than 10 students per class excluding classes only for children under 17 years of age.
Supper clubs	3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Theaters
Live performance facilities	1 space per 5 fixed seats, or 8 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of assembly or viewing area without fixed seats. 3
Cinemas — Single-screen	1 space per 5 seats
Cinemas — Multi-screen	1 space per 5 seats
Utility facilities	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Veterinarians, animal hospitals, kennels, boarding	2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Non-Residential Land Use	Required Parking Spaces ⁵

Warehousing, wholesaling and distribution, accessory	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., including incidental office area comprising less than 20% of the total floor area. Parking requirements for additional office area shall be calculated separately as required by this table for offices.
Wholesale design showrooms	0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.
Zero emission vehicle (ZEV) showroom	1 space per 1,000 square feet

Notes:
1.	See Section 19.28.090(D)(2) of this chapter for parking space enclosure requirements.
2.	Reserved.
3.	Where fixed seating is in benches or bleachers, a seat shall be construed to be 18 inches of continuous bench space for the purpose of calculating the number of required parking spaces.
4.	Applies only when less than 50 percent of floor area in center is occupied by restaurants, medical offices, personal services, or medical facilities, provided that restaurants may comprise only 25 percent of the total shopping center area; otherwise parking shall be provided as required for each separate use, subject to any parking reduction granted in compliance with Section 19.28.060 of this chapter (Reduction of Off-Street Parking Requirements) or 19.28.070 of this chapter (Shared Use of Parking Facilities). Parking requirements for bars, nightclubs, health clubs, theaters and cinemas shall be calculated separately in all cases.
5.	Non-residential parking not required in the R3C-C and R4B-C zoning district. Refer to Section 19.36.190 of this Code (Neighborhood Serving Commercial) for additional requirements.
6.	Reserved.
7.	See Section 19.28.060 of this chapter for the reduction of off-street parking requirements for outdoor dining which displaces required off-street parking spaces.
8.	See Section 65915 of the Government Code for vehicular parking ratios that may be requested by developers for qualifying shared housing developments providing affordable units and requesting a density bonus.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 04-677 § 4, 2004; Ord. 06-741 § 6 [Att. A], 2006; Ord. 07-743 § 7, 2007; Ord. 07-754 § 4, 2007; Ord. 13-914 § 3, 2013; Ord. 14-940 § 18, 2014; Ord. 17-1016 § 11, 2017; Ord. 18-1021 §§ 9 – 11, 2018; Ord. 18-1022 § 13, 2018; Ord. 18-1027 § 5, 2018; Ord. 18-1041 §§ 9, 10, 2018; Ord. 18-1049 §§ 5, 6, 2018; Ord. 19-1058 § 56, 2019; Ord. 21-1137 § 11, 2021; Ord. 22-1181 § 8, 2022; Ord. 22-1188 § 7, 2022; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 23-27, 1/22/2024; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024; Ord. 24-31, 10/21/2024; Ord. 25-12, 7/7/2025; Ord. 25-19, 8/18/2025; Ord. 25-27, 12/15/2025)

§ 19.28.050 Disabled Parking Requirements.

All parking areas shall include parking spaces accessible to the disabled in compliance with this section. To the extent parking spaces can be required under this chapter, accessible parking spaces shall count toward compliance with the total number of off-street spaces required.

Number of Spaces, Design Standards. Parking spaces for the disabled shall be provided in compliance with the Uniform Building Code (UBC).

Upgrading of Markings Required. If amendments to state law change standards for the marking, striping, and signing of disabled parking spaces, the disabled accessible spaces within the city shall be upgraded to comply with the new state standards. In the event that the required changes to space markings cause a reduction in the overall number of parking spaces and nonconformance with this Zoning Ordinance, a parking reduction may be requested in compliance with Section 19.28.060 of this chapter (Reduction of Off-Street Parking Requirements). Upgrading shall be completed by affected property owners within 60 days of their being notified in writing by the city of new state standards.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 04-677 § 4, 2004; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023)

§ 19.28.060 Reduction of Off-Street Parking Requirements.

To the extent off-street parking spaces can be lawfully required, this section provides procedures and criteria for the reduction of the off-street parking requirements of this chapter and Chapter 19.36 of this Code (Standards for Specific Land Uses).

Allowable Reductions in Parking Space Requirements. The number of off-street parking spaces required by this chapter or Chapter 19.36 of this Code (Standards for Specific Land Uses) may be reduced as provided by Table 3-7, and in subsection (B) below, through the procedure described in subsection (C) below. To the extent that state law conflicts with the requirements of this section, state law will control.

TABLE 3-7 ALLOWABLE PARKING REDUCTIONS
[Explanatory Notes Follow at the End of the Table]
Qualifying Project Feature	Description and Criteria for Granting Reduction	Maximum Reduction	Required Process for Reduction
Compliance with disability requirements	In the event that a change of state regulations regarding disabilities causes a decrease in the number of parking spaces, or if the number of parking spaces is reduced due to an increased number of accessible parking spaces in compliance with Title 24 of the California Government Code.	As determined by the Review Authority	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.
Mixed use projects	A project combining commercial and residential uses. May be granted where the Review Authority determines that a reduction is justified based on hourly parking demand studies published by the Urban Land Institute, or other appropriate source as determined by the Community Development Director.	As determined by the Review Authority	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.
Second uses	A second use within a single project or building (e.g., a restaurant within a hotel) with a greater parking requirement than the primary use. May be granted where the Community Development Director determines that a reduction is justified based on a parking demand study.	50%	Review and decision by Community Development Director.
Use intensification near public parking	A proposed intensification of use within an existing building that is determined by the Review Authority to be located within a reasonable distance of a city parking facility. May be granted by Review Authority, subject to the fee determined by the Council, based on the type of use and its associated parking characteristics, including: a. Peak hours of use and turnover rate; b. The ability of the use to meet parking requirements through other means; c. The availability of spaces in the nearby city parking facility; d. The relative distance to the use from the parking facility; and e. Measures proposed by the applicant to ensure employee and patron use of the city parking facility.	50%	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.
Uses adjacent to transit	A commercial use proposed adjacent to local or regional mass transit lines or routes. May be granted when the Review Authority determines that a study provided by the applicant, prepared by an independent licensed traffic engineer, justifies the reduction based on documented mass transportation use characteristics of the patrons and employees of the use.	As determined by the Review Authority	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.
All others	Any other circumstance where the applicant wishes to request a parking reduction. May be granted where the Commission can make the findings required in Section 19.28.060(C)(3).	As determined by the Commission	Review and decision by the Commission.
Car share vehicles in dedicated car share parking space(s)	When vehicular parking is provided either for construction of a hotel, or a 100% affordable housing project, or a structure with more than 10 dwelling units with required affordable housing on site, publicly available car share vehicles provided within the building in covered dedicated standard sized non-tandem parking spaces, located in close proximity to pedestrian access to the garage and accessible to car share program members 24 hours a day. Car share parking spaces shall be equipped with a minimum level 2 electric vehicle charger installed. Parking spaces shall have signage identifying the space as car share only. Exterior signage shall be permitted as authorized by Section 19.34.030 of this Code. Property owner, successors and/or assignees shall provide the city with an agreement between the property owner and a car share organization on an annual basis stating that car share vehicle(s) will be provided on that site. Should the property owner fail to maintain an agreement with a car share organization on an annual basis, the parking spaces shall be replaced through provisions for new parking spaces, parking credits, shared parking permits, provisions for car share memberships to tenants in the building, or other similar mechanism as approved by the Community Development Director.	For each car share parking space provided on site, 3 code-required parking spaces may be eliminated. A maximum reduction of 6 code-required parking spaces is permissible.	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.
Ground-level vegetative space	Once required open space and/or green space have been provided, in order to increase the amount of native soil on grade, ground-level vegetative space, and a healthy tree canopy on a project site and enhance the capacity for percolation of water through native soil and on-site stormwater management, a project may provide 350 square feet of vegetative space in lieu of each required standard parking space. Such vegetative space must be designed to allow for water infiltration into the soil below, may not be located above an underground structure, and shall include at least one canopy tree with a minimum box size of 36 inches. The vegetative area may include space that is part of any required setback area.	As determined by the Review Authority. A maximum reduction of 3 code-required parking spaces is permissible	Review and decision by applicable Review Authority as part of land use permit approval for project.

Notes:
1.	A parking reduction may be granted in compliance with this section only for projects which incorporate one or more of the features listed.
2.	The maximum reduction in the number of parking spaces required by Table 3-6 that may be granted by the applicable Review Authority.

Reductions in Parking Space Requirements Near Pacific Design Center. Required parking for commercial uses within commercial buildings fronting on Santa Monica Boulevard, between La Peer Drive and Palm Avenue, commercial buildings fronting on Robertson Boulevard, between Melrose Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard, and commercial buildings fronting on La Peer Drive, between Melrose Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard, existing as of November 29, 1984 (the date of the city's incorporation) may be reduced by the Commission in those instances where shared parking facilities available at the Pacific Design Center are located within a reasonable distance of the use, subject to the following standards.

The parking facility shall be open during all hours of operation of the use seeking the parking reduction.

If the parking facility is required parking for any other uses either present on the property, or through a lease agreement, adequate parking shall remain available for those uses during their hours of operation to meet their needs. Use of the parking facility by the use seeking a parking reduction shall not reduce the required parking availability for other uses utilizing the facility during the same hours of operation.

An adequate number of non-dedicated parking spaces shall be available to the use seeking the parking reduction to meet its parking needs, as required by this chapter.

The operator/owner of the use for which the parking reduction is sought shall conspicuously post his or her site with a notice informing clientele that shared parking facilities are available at the approved location and that the business will reimburse for the total cost of parking, with a business transaction. The business operator shall reimburse patrons for the total cost of the parking fee for use of the shared parking facility. The amount of the reimbursement shall be determined by the Commission at the time shared parking is approved for the use. Failure of the operator to comply with this requirement shall be deemed a violation of this section for which the city may require appropriate remedies, including discontinuance of the use, approval of alternate parking arrangements, and similar requirements to ensure that adequate parking is provided.

Approval of shared parking in compliance with this subsection shall become void upon discontinuation of the use for which shared parking was approved by the Commission. Discontinuation shall mean closure of operations for one year or more.

Parking Reduction Procedure.

Application and Filing. A request for reduction shall be filed with the Community Development Department as part of the project land use permit application, and shall include:

The information and materials required by the Community Development Director;

Where required by this section or otherwise determined to be necessary by the Community Development Director, a parking demand study which presents justification for the requested modification, prepared by an independent licensed traffic engineer; and

Any parking reduction fee required by the city's Fee Resolution.

Review and Decision. A request for reduction shall be reviewed and decided by the applicable review authority as part of the decision on the project land use permit application.

Findings. When approving a parking reduction based on Table 3-7, under "Qualifying Project Feature – All Others," the Commission shall first find that:

The intent of the parking regulations, in compliance with all other applicable provisions of this chapter, is met; and

Sufficient parking would be provided to serve the use intended and potential future uses of the subject parcel.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 02-643 § 24, 2003; Ord. 13-914 § 4, 2013; Ord. 18-1040 § 7, 2018; Ord. 19-1058 § 57, 2019; Ord. 19-1072 § 11, 2019; Ord. 22-1188 § 8, 2022; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024; Ord. 25-27, 12/15/2025)

§ 19.28.070 Shared Use of Parking Facilities.

Applicability. Separate commercial uses with overlapping hours of operation, on separate parcels not more than 400 feet from each other within any commercial zoning district, may jointly use parking facilities subject to the approval of a parking use permit in compliance with Chapter 19.56 when the review authority determines that either of the following conditions exist:

Different peak hour parking demands exist between the separate uses; or

Single vehicle trips are likely to be made to two or more of the businesses proposed to share the parking.

The Community Development Director may also allow consideration of joint use facilities for two uses that are more than 400 feet apart where the Community Development Director determines that the separation remains reasonable for walking, and/or that pedestrian-oriented features of the intervening distance will also make walking between the two sites reasonable. For shared use of parking spaces by multiple commercial uses on the same parcel, see "shopping centers," in Table 3-6.

Procedure. The shared use of parking facilities may be granted through the parking use permit process (Chapter 19.56).

Application Requirements. In addition to the information and materials required for a parking use permit application, the owner of the proposed shared parking spaces shall provide a parking demand study prepared by a qualified, licensed traffic engineer, which:

Is in a form and includes data acceptable to the Community Development Director;

Includes data documenting the actual usage of the proposed shared parking spaces during all hours over a two-week period; and

Otherwise demonstrates that the proposed shared parking will actually be available to the off-site use, and that no substantial conflict will exist in the principal hours or periods of peak parking demands of the uses for which the shared parking is proposed.

Standards for Shared Parking. Shared parking facilities shall comply with the following requirements:

The distance from the parking site to the applicant's site should not exceed 400 feet. However, distances of up to 1,000 feet may be considered if the Community Development Director determines that there are no other feasible alternatives; and

The applicant shall provide evidence of a valid lease. A long-term lease is preferable.

Conditions of Approval. In granting a parking use permit for shared parking, the Community Development Director may require conditions of approval regarding:

Design standards, including sound attenuation, security lighting, landscaping, signs relating the parking site to the business;

Disabled access from the off-site parking to the subject business;

Hours of use; and

Use of valet service.

Terms of Shared Parking. The approval of shared parking shall require a guarantee of continued availability in compliance with Section 19.28.120(D) (Terms of Off-Site Parking).

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 58 – 61, 2019; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.080 Parking Credits.

The number of parking spaces provided on-site that are required by Section 19.28.040 (Number of Parking Spaces Required) may be reduced if the review authority authorizes the use of parking credits as part of the Parking Credits Program as set forth in Chapter 10.28 of this Code. The program allows commercial uses to utilize existing off-site parking spaces in non-residential zones to meet on-site parking requirements.

Applicability.

The commercial use must be located in a designated parking credits district where the Parking Credits Program is operational. The Parking Credits Program shall not be used to satisfy the residential parking requirements for a mixed-use project.

Commercial users that are granted the allowable 50 percent parking reduction for use intensification near public parking shall not be allowed to participate in the Parking Credits Program.

Projects of less than 10,000 square feet of new or additional gross floor area may utilize the Parking Credits Program for up to 100 percent of the required parking. Projects of 10,000 square feet or more of new or additional gross floor area shall not be allowed to participate in the Parking Credits Program.

Procedure. As part of an application for a new or intensified use an applicant may apply to participate in the Parking Credits Program to meet parking requirements as follows:

Prior to completing a development application to the Community Development Department for a new or intensified use, the applicant shall apply to the Parking Division to participate in the Parking Credits Program. The requirements to participate in the Parking Credits Program shall be as set forth in this section and Chapter 10.28 of this Code. The development application shall not be deemed complete until the applicant has obtained written verification from the Parking Division that sufficient parking credits are available and the applicant has reserved the credits pursuant to the requirements in Chapter 10.28 of this Code.

Execution of the parking credits contract shall be a condition of approval on all required permits. The contract shall be executed before issuance of the business tax certificate to operate the business. If no new business tax certificate is required, the contract shall be executed before issuance of a new business license or final certificate of occupancy.

Parking credits are guaranteed by contract to a particular tenant or property owner, do not run with the land, and except as provided in Chapter 10.28, may not be transferred to any other tenant or property.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 12-885 § 8, 2012; Ord. 19-1058 § 62, 2019; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.090 Parking Area Design and Layout Standards.

All off-street parking areas, parking spaces, and related facilities shall be designed and constructed in compliance with this section.

Access. Access to off-street parking areas shall be designed in compliance with the following standards.

Maneuvering Area. Newly created parking areas shall provide sufficient maneuvering room so that vehicles enter an abutting street in a forward direction and do not back out into any public street or sidewalk, except for single-family dwellings and duplexes, and up to one space per unit in triplexes and fourplexes. For conditions that allow vehicles to back out into a public street or sidewalk, the following applies: (a) the driveway shall be located on a local street or alley as defined by the city's general plan; (b) vehicles must park in a garage, carport, or other permanent parking location; and (c) back-up visibility shall not be blocked by hedges in accordance with Section 19.28.130(F) of this chapter.

In multi-family and mixed-use projects, turntables, carousels, or similar mechanical turning devices shall not be used to satisfy aisle and maneuvering requirements indicated in subsection B above.

Driveway Standards. Driveways providing access from streets to parking areas shall be designed in compliance with Section 19.28.130 of this Code (Driveway Standards).

Gates. Parking lot and parking garage gates shall not move in a direction that interferes with on-street or pedestrian circulation. Gates shall not open into any public right-of-way. To prevent vehicular queuing in pedestrian areas, for driveways in residential multi-family and commercial districts, gates not located along alleys shall be located at least 17 feet from the property line as measured along the centerline of the driveway. For developments with more than 50 parking spaces and where ticketing or valet functions are present in the driveway, gates shall be located for a minimum of 35 lineal feet of queuing from the property line, as measured along the centerline of the inbound drive aisle.

Figure 3-11

REQUIRED GATE OPERATION

Figure 3-12

GATE SETBACK

Access to Adjacent Sites. Applicants for non-residential development are encouraged to provide shared vehicle and pedestrian access to adjacent non-residential properties for convenience, safety, and efficient circulation. A joint access agreement running with the land shall be recorded by the owners of the abutting properties, as approved and executed by the Community Development Director, guaranteeing the continued availability of the shared access between the properties.

Electric Vehicle Charging Stations. Spaces reserved for electric vehicle charging stations shall be designed in compliance with Section 19.28.170 of Title 19 of this Code.

Parking Space and Lot Dimensions.

General Parking Space Requirements and Parking Area Dimensions. Individual parking spaces shall have the following minimum dimensions for stall width, length, drive aisle width, and overall maneuvering width.

Figure 3-13

PARKING STALL DIMENSIONS: 90 DEGREE

Angled Parking. Angled parking shall be considered on a case-by-case basis, subject to the approval of the Community Development Director. For design standards for angled parking, refer to the current handout published by the city.

Vertical Obstructions. Where vertical obstructions are located adjacent to a parking stall as indicated in Figure 3-14, the minimum parking stall width shall be 10 feet. Columns and other vertical obstructions may be permitted adjacent to parking stalls but may not impede into the minimum required stall width.

TABLE 3-13 PARKING STALL DIMENSIONS: 90 DEGREE
Stall Width (A)	Minimum Stall Length (B)	Minimum Drive Aisle Width (C)	Minimum Overall Maneuvering Width (D)	Minimum Total Overall Maneuvering Width for Double Loaded Aisle (E)
8′-0″ (Compact)	16′-0″	27′-0′	43′-0″	Not Permitted
8′-6″	18′-0″	26′-0″	44′-0″	62′-0″
9′-0″	18′-0″	25′-0″	43′-0″	61′-0″
9′-3″	18′-0″	24′-6″	42′-6″	60′-5″
9′-6″	18′-0″	24′-0″	42′-0″	60′-0″
9′-9″	18′-0″	23′-6″	41′-6″	59′-6″
10′-0″	18′-0″	23′-0″	41′-0″	59′-0″
11′-0″	18′-0″	22′-6″	40′-6″	58′-6″
12′-0″	18′-0″	22′-0″	40′-0″	58′-0″

Figure 3-14

VERTICAL OBSTRUCTIONS

TABLE 3-14 VERTICAL OBSTRUCTIONS
	Name	Dimension
A	Minimum Parking Stall Width	Varies
B	Minimum Parking Stall Length	Varies
C	Maximum Length of Permissible Adjacent Vertical Obstruction at Front of Stall	60″
D	No Adjacent Vertical Obstructions Permitted	Varies
E	Maximum Length of Permissible Adjacent Vertical Obstruction at Rear of Stall	30″
F	Minimum Distance from to Permissible Adjacent Vertical Obstruction at Rear of Stall	18″

End Stall Conditions. For end stalls where a wall or vertical obstruction is located adjacent to a parking stall as indicated in Figure 3-15, the minimum parking stall width shall be 10 feet.

For vehicular maneuverability while exiting end stalls, access aisles shall extend a minimum of four feet beyond the extent of the end stall.

Figure 3-15

END STALL CONDITIONS

TABLE 3-15 END STALL CONDITIONS
	Name	Dimension
A	Minimum Extension of Access Aisle for Maneuvering	4′-0″
B	Minimum Stall Width	10′-0″
C	Maximum Obstruction Extension into Aisle at End Stalls	2′

Compact Car Parking Spaces. Compact car parking spaces may be used to satisfy the parking requirements of this chapter as follows.

Non-Residential Uses. Commercial projects may substitute compact stalls for up to 40 percent of the total number of required or proposed spaces. Parking spaces that are provided in excess of the requirements in Section 19.28.040 of this chapter may be compact or standard spaces.

Residential Uses. Compact spaces may be used in mixed-use or multi-family residential projects in which a minimum of 25 percent of the total unit count is set aside as affordable housing. In these cases, projects with 10 or more parking spaces may substitute compact stalls for up to 40 percent of the total number of provided spaces, inclusive of proposed guest spaces. This is an incentive and not a development standard.

Markings. Each compact space shall be clearly and distinctively marked as a compact space by signs or other markings.

When used, compact spaces may only be used on one side of a double-loaded aisle.

Vertical Clearance. A minimum height of 14 feet shall be maintained clear of obstructions from an exterior parking surface to any structure or landscape feature above that may interfere with the safe passage of vehicles, except within garages, carports, or parking structures. For vertical clearance standards for mechanical lift systems, refer to subsection H of this section.

Vehicular circulation areas and aisles within garages, carports, and parking structures shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance of eight feet two inches from the high point of any walking or driving surface to the bottom of any ceiling, beam, pipe, duct, or similar obstruction.

Parking stalls within garages, carports, and parking structures shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance of seven feet six inches from the high point of any walking or driving surface to the bottom of any ceiling, beam, pipe, duct, equipment, signage, sprinkler, or similar obstruction, except in the case of overhead storage above parking spaces.

All entrances to and exits from vehicular circulation within parking structures shall have a minimum unobstructed vertical clearance of eight feet two inches or the most current clearance determined for accessible routes as defined by California state disability requirements, whichever is the greater dimension, to maintain accessibility to parking spaces for persons with disabilities.

Overhead storage above parking spaces is permitted as long as it does not encroach horizontally more than three feet three inches into the space from the rear wall and must be located a minimum of five feet above the high point of the walking or driving surface below. This may include storage shelves, racks, cabinets, and EV charging equipment, but not mechanical ducts, pipes, or sprinklers. Each parking space with overhead storage must have clearly visible signage indicating the presence of overhead obstructions and that only head-in parking is permitted.

Figure 3-16

VERTICAL CLEARANCES

TABLE 3-16 VERTICAL CLEARANCES
	Name	Dimension
A	Minimum Vertical Clearance at Parking Stalls	7′-6″
B	Minimum Vertical Clearance at Circulation, Aisles, and Accessible Aisles and Stalls	8′-2″
C	Additional Vertical Clearance to Any Ceiling, Beam, Pipe, Duct, Equipment, Signage, Sprinkler, or Similar Obstruction	Varies
D	Minimum Height of Overhead Storage Above Finish Floor	5′-0″
E	Maximum Depth of Overhead Storage	3′-3″

Preferential Parking.

Preferential parking for employees that is signed, striped, and reserved for use by carpool or vanpool vehicles and located as close as is practical to the employee entrances without displacing disabled access parking needs, shall be provided on demand.

When located within a parking structure, a minimum vertical clearance of eight feet two inches shall be provided for spaces and accessways to be used by vanpool vehicles. Adequate turning radii and parking space dimensions shall be provided for vanpool parking areas. Developments of 100,000 square feet or more shall provide a safe and convenient zone in which vanpool and carpool vehicles may deliver or board their passengers.

Residential Parking.

Restrictions Within Residential Districts. The parking of automobiles and recreational vehicles in residential zoning districts shall comply with the following standards:

Location. Automobiles shall not be parked between the street property line and the front of a residential unit except on a driveway leading to a garage or carport, or on a semi-circular driveway on a lot that has a minimum frontage width of 70 feet. For semi-circular driveways, the driveway interior shall be landscaped.

Recreational Vehicles. Recreational vehicles may be stored or parked on private property within single-family residential districts only as follows:

Recreational vehicles may be stored only within the side or rear yard behind the front line of the residential unit or, in the case of a corner parcel, behind the front or street side line; and

ii.

Recreational vehicles may be temporarily parked on driveways in front of residences for not more than 24 continuous hours.

Enclosed or Covered Parking Required. All residential parking spaces shall be enclosed or covered, except for guest spaces and parking for single-family dwellings (one unit per parcel) existing as of May 2, 2001, as follows:

For a single-family dwelling one covered space, and one tandem, uncovered space of at least 18 feet in length within the driveway and outside of the front yard setback. The garage, carport, or other structure covering the parking space may be demolished and replaced with one covered parking space as long as the tandem uncovered space is retained.

An existing two-car garage for a single-family dwelling may be demolished and replaced in-kind or replaced with a new one-car garage or carport and one tandem, uncovered space within the driveway, provided, that this shall not be permitted where the existing garage is viable because:

The garage interior is a minimum of 19 feet six inches in width by 18 feet six inches in length; and

ii.

The driveway leading to the garage is a minimum of eight feet wide.

Carports. Carport parking shall consist of a solid roof structure, lattice, overhang, or combination of these, that completely covers a parking stall unless in order to cover the vehicle, the carport projects to within three feet of the property line.

Garages. A two-car garage shall have minimum interior dimensions of 19 feet six inches in width by 18 feet six inches in length. In multi-family uses, parking spaces within garages shall comply with the minimum dimensional requirements and additional clearance requirements for vertical and overhead obstructions as described in subsection (B) of this section.

Guest Parking. Guest parking in residential zoning districts shall be designated and restricted, with appropriate signs and pavement markings, for the exclusive use of the guests, and if located within secured premises, shall be served by a tenant and visitor communications system. Guest parking may be uncovered.

Tandem Parking.

Tandem Parking Space Requirements and Parking Area Dimensions

Tandem parking is permitted in single-family residential projects, and in multi-family residential and mixed-use projects in which a minimum of 25 percent of the total unit count is set aside as affordable housing, provided that both the independent and dependent spaces in each pair shall be assigned to the same unit, and that at least one space in each pair shall be a standard size. This is an incentive and not a development standard.

Tandem parking shall be arranged to be no more than two spaces in depth, with a minimum total length of 34 feet.

Aisles may not be considered stalls to satisfy parking stall requirements.

Tandem parking shall not be double loaded.

Where tandem parking is provided and valet operations or private temporary staging occurs within a drive aisle, the aisle width shall be increased to a minimum of 30 feet. In lieu of widening the aisles, independent back-up and staging areas outside of drive aisles may be provided at a ratio of one staging area for every six tandem stalls, as illustrated in Figure 3-18.

Non-Residential Uses.

The use of tandem parking for non-residential uses shall require that the operator of the parking facility provide a valet or attendant at all times that the parking is accessible to users, except where the review authority determines that the nature of the use and its operation will not require attended parking.

Tandem parking may be arranged to be no more than two spaces in depth, except in cases where a drive aisle is provided at both the front and rear, tandem parking may be up to a maximum of three spaces in depth.

Residential Uses.

Tandem parking may be arranged to be no more than two spaces in depth.

Figure 3-17

TANDEM PARKING WITH WIDENED DRIVE AISLE FOR STAGING

Figure 3-18

TANDEM PARKING ACROSS FROM STANDARD PARKING

Non-Residential Parking in Residential Zones. Covered parking spaces may be required at the discretion of the review authority to mitigate impacts. Rooftop parking is prohibited.

Existing Non-Residential Surface Parking in Residential Zones. Existing non-residential surface parking facilities as of February 19, 2016 shall comply with the following standards:

Permits Required. Any existing non-residential surface parking facility located in a residential zone shall obtain an administrative permit (Chapter 19.44) of this Code and shall comply with the standards in this section. These facilities shall have 180 days from February 19, 2016 to file an application for an administrative permit. Upon review, the Community Development Director may decide to add conditions that are in addition to the standards in this section.

Exemptions. The following types of non-residential surface parking facilities in residential zones are exempt from an administrative permit and the standards below:

Facilities with a conditional use permit and/or development permit approved prior to February 19, 2016.

Facilities located in a Parking Overlay District per Section 19.14.070 of this Code.

Design and Operations. Non-residential surface parking facilities in residential zones shall comply with the following standards:

Parking facilities shall install perimeter landscaping or other visual screening, subject to approval by the review authority.

When not in use, parking facilities shall be locked to prevent late night and unauthorized use between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. The Director of Public Works may authorize the city parking enforcement officers to lock facilities that fail to comply with this condition between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m.

Mechanical Parking Lifts. Mechanical parking lifts may be used through the approval of the parking plan required by Section 19.28.030(A) of this chapter (General Parking Regulations -Layout and Access Plan Required), as follows.

Permit Requirements.

Mechanical parking lift systems at an existing parking facility shall be reviewed through an administrative permit process. The permit shall condition screening, noise and/or landscaping requirements for mechanical lift systems.

Mechanical lifts installed as part of new development shall be permitted through applicable project permits and must comply with the standards below.

Non-Residential Uses.

Mechanical parking lift systems may be used for non-residential uses.

Mechanical parking lift systems shall not park more than two levels of cars per individual lift unit and no additional vehicle(s) shall park so as to limit access to the lift.

Mechanical parking lift systems installed for non-residential uses shall be operated by a valet or attendant at all times such that the parking is accessible to users. In addition to these standards, a parking operations plan per Section 19.28.030(B) of this chapter shall be submitted and operation must comply with valet standards in Chapter 5.120 of this Code (Valet Parking).

At least one parking lift level shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance height of seven feet. All other levels shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance height of six feet six inches.

Mechanical lift systems installed on existing surface lots shall be covered on top and screened on all sides.

Residential Uses and Mixed-Use Projects.

Mechanical parking lift systems may be used in residential uses. Lifts shall be covered, enclosed in, or underground in a structure. Each space within a lift bay shall be assigned to the same dwelling unit.

In townhomes, row homes, or residential projects with four or less dwelling units, mechanical lift systems may be used when attached or otherwise integrated into each dwelling unit, if they allow for a minimum ground floor habitable space of 240 square feet for each dwelling unit.

Mechanical parking lift systems shall be limited to two cars per individual lift unit and access and clearances to such lifts shall not be blocked or otherwise obstructed.

Mechanical parking lift systems installed for residential uses and mixed-use projects shall be operated by a valet or attendant at all times such that the residential parking is accessible to users, except in townhomes, row homes, or projects with four or less dwelling units, where attached or otherwise integrated self-park lift systems may be used. In addition to these standards, a parking operations plan per Section 19.28.030(B) of this Code shall be submitted and operation must comply with valet standards in Chapter 5.120 of this Code (Valet Parking).

For all mechanical parking lift systems, the lower lift level shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance height of seven feet. The upper level shall have a minimum unobstructed clearance height of six feet six inches. Obstructions such as mechanical ducts, pipes, sprinklers, or electrical equipment may not be located within this zone, and additional vertical clearance shall be provided for these elements if present.

Figure 3-20

MECHANICAL PARKING STALL VERTICAL CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS

Minimum Width and Length of Parking Space. Parking spaces in mechanical lift systems shall comply with subsection (B)(1) (Parking Space and Lot Dimensions – General Parking Space Requirements and Parking Area Dimensions) of this section.

For all mechanical parking lift systems, minimum clear width between vertical structural supports shall be eight feet.

Figure 3-21

MECHANICAL PARKING STALL WIDTH AND LENGTH REQUIREMENTS

Emergency Override. Mechanical parking lifts shall provide a manual override to access or remove vehicles from the parking lift in the event of a power outage.

Vehicle Protection. Mechanical parking lifts shall be designed to prevent vehicle liquids and/or debris from spilling onto other vehicles or building surfaces.

Automated Parking Structures. Automated parking structures may be used at the discretion of the review authority through the approval of the parking plan required by Section 19.28.030(A) of this chapter (General Parking Regulations -Layout and Access Plan Required).

Development Permit. A development permit is required for an automated parking structure.

Parking Operations Plan. The use of an automated parking structure for new residential and non-residential uses shall require a parking operations plan per Section 19.28.030(B) of this chapter.

On-Site Generator. Automated parking structures shall be equipped with a stand-by generator with sufficient capacity to store and retrieve cars if or when the electrical power is down.

Design. Automated parking structures shall be properly designed per Section 19.28.110 of this chapter (Parking Structure and Rooftop Parking Standards). Automated parking structures in commercial zones shall have pedestrian-oriented uses on the ground floor and must comply with Section 19.10.060 of this Code (Commercial Building Façade Standards).

Vehicle Protection. Automated parking structures shall be designed with a method to prevent vehicle liquids and/or debris from spilling onto other vehicles or building surfaces.

Car elevators shall not be considered as automated parking structures and shall not be permitted in multi-family residential, commercial, or mixed-use development projects.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 02-643 § 25, 2003; Ord. 07-773 § 5, 2007; Ord. 14-940 § 19, 2014; Ord. 15-965 §§ 9 – 11, 2015; Ord. 16-973 §§ 7, 8, 2016; Ord. 18-1027 § 6, 2018; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 63 – 69, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024; Ord. 25-12, 7/7/2025)

§ 19.28.100 Surface Parking Area Standards.

Surface parking lots for non-residential uses shall be constructed, landscaped, and maintained in compliance with the following regulations. For parking structures, see Section 19.28.110 (Parking Structure and Rooftop Parking Standards).

Construction and Improvement Standards. Off-street parking areas shall be constructed and improved as follows.

Drainage. Parking and loading areas shall be designed and constructed:

So that surface water will not drain over sidewalks or adjacent parcels; and

In compliance with the storm water quality and quantity standards of the city's best management practices.

Lighting. Parking areas designed to accommodate three or more vehicles shall have adequate illumination for security and safety with a minimum of one foot candle for the period from one-half-hour after sunset to one-half-hour before sunrise the following day, at every point of the parking lot.

Lighting fixtures shall be energy-efficient and in scale with the height and use of the on-site structures, with standards and fixtures (poles, vertical supports) not exceeding a height of 12 feet.

All illumination, including security lighting, shall be directed downward, away from adjacent properties and public rights-of-way in compliance with Section 19.20.100 (Outdoor Lighting).

FIGURE 3-9

Parking Area Lighting

Shopping Cart Storage. Parking facilities for commercial uses that offer shopping carts for use by patrons (e.g., grocery stores) shall contain shopping cart storage areas when appropriate. The dimensions and locations of these storage areas shall be determined the Community Development Director.

Slope.

Driveways. Driveway slope shall not exceed 20 percent. The last 20 feet near the exit shall not exceed three percent.

Parking Areas. The slope of parking areas shall not exceed five percent. The review authority may allow slope increases up to 20 percent if it determines that the increase will allow superior project design.

Striping, Directional Arrows, and Signs.

When parking for commercial uses is located behind or under a building, or otherwise not clearly visible from the street, a directional sign shall be placed on or near the front of the building to help ensure customer accessibility.

In parking facilities containing forty or more parking spaces, aisles, approach lanes, and maneuvering areas shall be clearly marked with directional arrows to ensure the safe and efficient flow of vehicles.

Parking stalls shall be marked with double striped lines. Each line shall be approximately four inches wide and spaced six inches apart. Parking space width shall be measured from the centerline between the two lines.

Surfacing. Parking spaces and maneuvering areas shall be paved and permanently maintained with a minimum thickness of two inches of asphalt, concrete, grasscrete, stabilized decomposed granite, or other all-weather surfacing over a minimum thickness of four inches of a base material to be approved by the Director of Public Works, or with a minimum thickness of four inches of Portland cement concrete. Refer to Section 19.28.150 (Bicycle Parking and Support Facilities) for requirements for bicycle parking areas.

Alternate surfaces for parking and loading areas may be approved by the Director of Public Works, provided that the material used meets aesthetic qualities, improves drainage and permeability, and responds to historic guidelines for the property and its setting.

Wheel Stops and Curbing.

Concrete curbing at least six inches high and six inches wide, with breaks to allow on-site drainage, shall be provided for parking spaces located adjacent to fences, walls, property lines, landscaped areas, and structures. Individual wheel stops may be provided in lieu of continuous curbing when the parking is adjacent to a landscaped area and the drainage is directed to the landscaped area. Alternative barriers designed to protect landscaped areas from vehicle damage may be approved by the Community Development Director. Wheel stops shall be placed to allow for two feet of vehicle overhang area within the dimension of the parking space. Wheel stops shall not be required where two parking spaces are contiguous at the width.

To increase the parking lot landscaped area, a maximum of two feet of the parking stall depth may be landscaped with low-growth, hardy materials in-lieu of paving, allowing a bumper overhang while maintaining the required parking dimensions. However, the overhang area shall not be counted as part of the five percent area required by subsection (B)(2), below, and when adjacent to a required landscaping strip shall be in addition to the minimum five-foot width. No fixtures (e.g., lights, sprinklers) that are higher than the curb shall be located within a bumper overhang area. Curbing that creates a bumper overhang barrier shall not exceed a height of five inches.

Parking Area Landscaping Requirements.

Parking Lot Landscaping Performance Standards. Landscaping for parking lots shall be provided in compliance with the following point system, based on the size of the parking lot. A maximum of 30 percent of points may be earned for non-landscaping items. All points earned for required canopy trees count toward the total number of points.

The following tables are used by first determining the minimum number of canopy trees and minimum number of performance points required by Table 3-8, and then using Table 3-9 to determine the number of points earned by the various features of the parking lot design. The number of points earned must be at least the number required by the first table based on the number of spaces in the parking lot.

TABLE 3-8 REQUIRED CANOPY TREES
Minimum Number of Canopy Trees Required and Total Number of Points Required Based on Size of Parking Lot (Number of Spaces)
Number of Parking Spaces	Minimum Required Number of Canopy Trees	Total Required Number of Points
0—9	1	7
10—24	2	15
25—50	1 per 8 spaces	25
51—75		50
76—100		75
101—125		100
126 and more		125

Landscape Materials. Landscaping materials shall be provided throughout all parking lot areas using a combination of trees, shrubs, and ground cover. Trees shall be in planters located throughout the parking area to reduce heat gain.

Parking Lot Perimeter Landscaping.

Adjacent to Streets. Parking areas adjacent to a public right-of-way shall be provided with landscaping that is designed and maintained to screen cars from the view from the street to a height of 42 inches, measured from the surface of the parking area.

Plant materials shall be selected to provide a minimum height of 36 inches at the time of planting.

ii.

Screening materials may include a combination of plant materials, berms, decorative masonry walls, raised planters, or other screening devices that meet the intent of this requirement.

iii.

The screening landscaping shall be provided within a landscaping strip that is a minimum width of five feet, adjacent to the public right-of-way. If a wall is used for screening, the landscaping strip shall be located on the right-of-way side of the wall.

iv.

The landscaping strip shall include trees planted at 20-foot intervals.

TABLE 3-9 QUALIFYING FEATURES
Earned Points	Qualifying Landscape or Site Development Feature
10	8% of site area within parking lot perimeter occupied by landscaping.
4	Each canopy tree.
4	Each existing large or well-established tree or specimen plant retained.
6	Consistent use of vine pockets against walls.
5	Pedestrian amenities (e.g., thematic or comprehensive pedestrian lighting scheme, unique decorative materials, art, or ornamental sculpture or fountains), each.
4	Surfaces other than asphalt or concrete and permeable surfaces as part of hardscape (does not include planters). Light colored surfaces and grasscrete are encouraged.
4	Pavement surfaces of rubberized asphalt.
5	Decorative perimeter walls with integral architectural elements (e.g., gateways, coping, piers, and ornamental decorative materials).
The following are available only for parking lots with 51 or more spaces.
20	Integration of circulation, hardscape, walls, landscaping, and lighting into a central design concept approved by the Review Authority.
5	Clearly delineated axis to adjoining buildings or other site relationships.
5	Maximum separation of pedestrian and vehicular travel ways.
5	Transition zones to sidewalk and building-adjacent areas.
5	Ability to use parking lot space in other ways when not being used for parking, with uses and activities deemed compatible with the zoning of the site and surrounding properties (e.g., pedestrian space or basketball court).
6	Decorative perimeter walls with integral architectural elements (e.g., gateways, coping, piers, and ornamental and decorative materials).

Adjacent to Residential Use. Parking areas for non-residential uses adjoining a residentially zoned parcel shall be designed and maintained to screen the cars from the view of the adjoining residents with a suitable landscaped buffer. This requirement may be reduced when applied to a property line in common with an alley.

The buffer shall be designed with a minimum width of five feet between the parking area and the common property line bordering the residential use, and shall include mature trees or tall hedges.

ii.

A solid masonry wall with a minimum height of six feet shall be provided along the property line. The Community Development Director may require taller walls and other noise mitigation devices (e.g., partially or fully covered parking) when necessary to lessen the impacts of a particular use.

iii.

For properties adjoining alleys, a landscaped strip of two feet shall be provided on the public right-of-way side of the wall.

Irrigation. Areas containing plant materials shall be provided with an automatic irrigation system. See Section 19.26.070.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 70 – 73, 2019; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.110 Parking Structure and Rooftop Parking Standards.

Parking structures providing parking for residential and non-residential uses shall be constructed, landscaped, and maintained in compliance with the following regulations. Surface parking lots are instead subject to Section 19.28.100 of this chapter (Surface Parking Area Standards).

Setbacks, Height Limits. Parking structures shall comply with the setback requirements and height limits of the applicable zoning district, except as otherwise provided by this section.

Architecture.

Parking structures visible from street frontages shall be designed to be compatible with the architectural character and quality of adjacent buildings and shall not adversely impact abutting pedestrian sidewalks.

Structure elevations should use color, massing, or architectural features to reduce the appearance of bulk.

Parking structure façades facing residential parcels shall:

Be enclosed to prevent light spill, adverse noise, or pollutants from impacting dwellings; and

Incorporate architectural design elements, including surface treatments, offset planes, structural articulation, and landscaping to provide visual interest and compatibility with adjacent dwellings.

Construction and Improvement Standards.

Drainage. Parking structures shall be designed and constructed:

So that surface water will not drain over sidewalks or adjacent parcels;

So that individual parking levels shall slope to interior drains; perimeter drains or scuppers shall not be allowed; and

In compliance with the storm water quality and quantity standards of the city's best management practices.

Lighting. Parking and pedestrian areas shall have adequate illumination for security and safety with a minimum of one foot candle at every point within the parking structure.

Lighting fixtures shall be energy-efficient and in scale with the height and use of the on-site structures, with standards and fixtures (poles, vertical supports) not exceeding a height of 12 feet.

Lighting fixtures shall be designed and located to illuminate only the interior of the parking structure and not project glare into adjoining areas, in compliance with Section 19.20.100 of this Code (Outdoor Lighting).

Ramp Slope. The ramp slopes of parking areas shall not exceed five percent. For driveway ramp slope standards, refer to Section 19.28.130(E) of this chapter (Driveway Ramp Slope).

Striping, Directional Arrows, and Signs.

Parking spaces, aisles, approach lanes, and maneuvering areas shall be clearly marked with directional arrows to ensure the safe and efficient flow of vehicles. The Community Development Director may require the installation of traffic signs in addition to directional arrows to ensure the safe and efficient flow of vehicles in a parking facility.

Parking stalls should be marked with double striped lines. When this type of striping is used, each line shall be approximately four inches wide and spaced six inches apart. Parking space width shall be measured from the centerline between the two lines.

Wheel Stops and Curbing. Continuous concrete curbing at least six inches high and six inches wide shall be provided for parking spaces located adjacent to walls, property lines, landscaped areas, and structures. Individual wheel stops may be provided in lieu of continuous curbing when the parking is adjacent to a landscaped area and the drainage is directed to the landscaped area. Alternative barrier design to protect landscaped areas from vehicle damage may be approved by the Community Development Director. Wheel stops shall be placed to allow for two feet of vehicle overhang area within the dimension of the parking space. Wheel stops shall not be required where two parking spaces are contiguous at the width.

Landscaping. Landscaping, other than grass and ground cover, shall be provided along a minimum of 60 percent of the ground level of the structure's street frontage, excluding:

Areas occupied by driveways;

Portions of the frontage occupied by allowed commercial or office uses; and

Along the frontage of levels above the ground level.

Rooftop Parking. Rooftop parking is allowed in commercial zones and in the PF zoning district. Rooftop parking that is adjacent to a residential zoning district shall be designed and constructed in compliance with the following standards.

All rooftop parking within 25 feet of the residential property line shall be separated from the residential property by a sound wall to prevent adverse noise impacts on residents and, other than the sound wall, shall not exceed the height limit of the adjacent residential zoning district.

Sound walls for rooftop parking may exceed the height limits of the zoning district by 10 percent, and shall be architecturally compatible with the entire parking structure.

Semi-Subterranean Garages. Semi-subterranean residential parking garages may be built within required side setbacks in compliance with Section 19.20.150(E) of this Code (Allowed Projections into Setbacks), provided that the required safety railing along the top edge of the garage from grade is a maximum of six feet as measured from the adjacent abutting property, except where otherwise approved by the Planning Commission.

Sunset Specific Plan Area. Parking structures within the Sunset Specific Plan area shall comply with the following requirements:

Up to 120 percent of the parking required for on-site uses may be provided. More than 120 percent of the required parking spaces may be provided only if the additional spaces are made available to the public;

The use of the latest parking technology (e.g., ID cards, electric gates, and individual timers) is encouraged; and

Consolidated parking facilities that are capable of expanding to meet future parking demands are strongly encouraged.

Enclosed Driveways. Enclosed driveways accessing subterranean parking on a commercially zoned property may project into setbacks in compliance with Section 19.20.150(E) of this Code (Allowed Projections into Setbacks), provided the commercially zoned property is adjacent to a residentially zoned property. The design of the enclosure shall be compatible with the project and be adequately landscaped adjacent to the structure and is subject to review and approval by review authority as part of land use permit approval for project.

Porte Cocheres. Porte cocheres shall be permitted in townhomes, rowhomes, or residential projects with four or fewer dwelling units.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 06-734 § 7 [Att. D], 2006; Ord. 09-812 § 7, 2009; Ord. 09-813U § 7, 2009; Ord. 17-1007 § 8, 2017; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 74 – 76, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.120 Off-Site Parking Standards.

Where the use of off-site parking is authorized through parking use permit approval (Chapter 19.56) to satisfy the parking requirements of Table 3-6, the parking shall be provided in compliance with the following standards, in addition to the requirements of Chapter 19.56.

Location. All off-site parking spaces except valet-serviced spaces shall be located within a reasonable walking distance and may be required to be within 400 feet measured from the primary entrance to the site.

Design and Improvement Standards. All newly constructed off-site parking spaces shall conform to the same standards of access, configuration, lighting, layout, location, noise attenuation, and size as are required by this chapter for on-site parking spaces.

Identification of Facility. The review authority may require the parking lot to be clearly marked and conspicuously identified as the exclusive or shared parking for the sites it serves, unless the parking can only be accessed by a valet. A parking space assignment plan shall be maintained by the applicant and owners of the off-site parking spaces identifying specific parking space assignments.

Terms of Off-Site Parking. Required parking spaces that are approved off site shall be committed by a lease, bond, or other agreement, acceptable to the City Attorney, between the owners, and if applicable, the lessees of the off-site parking spaces and the owners, and if applicable, the lessees of the subject site, with provisions reflecting the conditions of approval and the approved off-site parking plan.

Lessees shall provide proof to the Community Development Director on an annual basis of continuous leases for off-site parking spaces at the time the leases are renewed following the expiration of their initial terms, or when a new lease for parking elsewhere is substituted. If the off-site parking lease agreement between the parties lapses, the owner or operator of the use leasing the parking shall immediately notify the Community Development Director. The Community Development Director shall determine a reasonable time in which the required parking shall be restored, or alternatively that an in-lieu parking fee be paid in an amount equal to the number of parking spaces required.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 19-1058 § 77, 2019; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.130 Driveway Standards.

Driveways providing site access shall be from an improved street, alley, or other right-of-way and shall be designed, constructed, and maintained as follows. See also Section 19.36.311 of this Code for specific standards regarding carports and existing garages.

Driveway Location. Driveways shall be located as far away from intersections and as directly across from any existing driveway on the opposite side of the street as is practical. Whenever a site has access to more than one street, a driveway access shall be generally located on the street with the lowest traffic volume, where the impact of a new access will be minimized, provided that this location will not increase traffic impacts on residential neighborhoods. All proposed driveways are subject to approval by the City Engineer.

Driveway Width. Driveway pavement width shall be determined based on the number of parking spaces accessed by the driveway, as detailed below:

Up to 12 Parking Spaces. The allowable driveway pavement width is 10 feet (includes driveway ramp conditions going subterranean or going up to above-ground structures and on-grade driveways).

13 to 25 Parking Spaces. The minimum driveway pavement width may be either 10 feet wide for a single-car width or up to 18 feet wide maximum for two-car widths. Up to a 20-foot wide maximum driveway may be requested when the design incorporates a median or divider element with a call box or access reader, integrates mirrors at the top and bottom of ramps, and is accompanied by operational protocols governing entry and exiting priorities.

26 Parking Spaces or Greater. The allowable driveway pavement width shall be 18 feet for two-car widths with up to 20 feet maximum if design incorporates a median or divider element with a call box or access reader, integrates mirrors at the top and bottom of ramps, and is accompanied by operational protocols governing entry and exiting priorities.

Exception. The Community Development Director may approve driveway widths up to 24 feet for visibility or public safety reasons, where an applicant demonstrates a physical lack of design alternatives, the presence of special conditions, or a unique intensity of vehicular traffic in a residential use.

Number and Extent of Residential Driveways.

Number of Driveways – Mid-Block Parcels. New development shall be limited to one curb cut unless the Community Development Director finds that a second cut would result in substantial improvements to traffic flows or public safety.

Number of Driveways – Corner or Double Frontage Parcels. For corner and double frontage parcels with residential uses other than single-family dwellings and duplexes, one access on each frontage may be allowed if the Community Development Director determines that two driveways are needed to provide safe access.

Number of Non-Residential Driveways. One driveway shall be allowed for each site unless the City Engineer determines that more than one driveway is required to accommodate traffic volumes or specific designs.

Driveway Ramp Slope. Driveway ramp slope shall not exceed 20 percent. Where driveway ramp slope exceeds 10 percent, a transition slope shall be provided for an eight-foot distance at the top and bottom of ramps equal to one-half of the maximum slope of the ramp. The five feet of driveway closest to the public right-of-way shall not exceed a slope of three percent.

Where underground transformers are located beneath driveways, slope shall not exceed two percent, or the most current Southern California Edison (or other applicable utility) standard, whichever is smaller.

FIGURE 3-30

Driveway Slope

TABLE 3-31 DRIVEWAY SLOPE
	Name	Minimum Length	Maximum Slope
A	Top Transition Slope at Public Right-of-Way	5 feet	3% where underground transformers are located beneath driveways, slope shall not exceed 2%, or the most current Southern California Edison (or other applicable utility) standard, whichever is smaller
B	Top Transition Slope	8 feet	50% of maximum slope
C	Maximum Slope	Varies	20%
D	Bottom Transition Slope	8 feet	50% of maximum slope

Visibility Considerations. Driveways and driveway landscaping shall be designed in accordance with the following standards and to maintain visibility and minimize interference with passing pedestrians. Landscaping adjacent to a driveway and the walls of the building shall be designed not to interfere with motorists' views of the sidewalk and pedestrians' views of vehicles exiting the project as shown in Figure 3-32.

Driveway Visibility. To ensure clear sightlines, a visibility triangle in which no obstructions shall be present shall be defined as follows:

For single driveways where the driver backs out onto the roadway, the minimum visibility triangle is drawn from nine feet back from the public right-of-way to a distance of 14 feet from the line that is four feet from the edge of the driveway on the left side of the driver.

For single driveways meant for forward exit, the minimum visibility triangle is drawn from six feet back from the public right-of-way to a distance of 14 feet from the line that is six feet from the edge of the driveway on the right side of the driver.

For double driveways, including those divided by a median, the minimum visibility triangle is drawn from six feet back from the public right-of-way to a distance of 14 feet from the line that is six feet from the edge of the driveway on the right side of the driver.

If an adjoining property interferes with the visibility triangle, create a driveway setback which maintains the clearances stated in subsections (F)(1)(a) through (c) of this section for clear sightlines.

Within this triangular zone there shall be no obstructions, including walls, fences, hedges, and base landscaping, that are over 28 inches in height. Tree foliage, when present, shall provide a minimum of six feet of clear visibility from street grade.

FIGURE 3-32

Driveway Visibility Triangle Definition

TABLE 3-32 DRIVEWAY VISIBILITY TRIANGLE DEFINITION
	Distance from Public Right-of-Way (A)	Distance from Edge of Driveway to Centerline of Driver (B)	Distance from Centerline of Driver (C)
Forward Exit	6′	6′ (On Right Side of Driver)	14′
Backward Exit	9′	4′ (On Left Side of Driver)	14′

FIGURE 3-33

Example of Forward Exit for Properties with a Front Yard

FIGURE 3-34

Example of Backward Exit for Properties with a Front Yard

FIGURE 3-35

Example of Forward Exit for Buildings with No Setback

FIGURE 3-36

Example of Forward Exit for Buildings with No Setback

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 02-643 §§ 26, 27, 2003; Ord. 19-1058 § 78, 2019; Ord. 21-1152 § 6, 2021; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.140 Temporary Parking Lots.

Temporary parking lots may be approved in compliance with Chapter 19.54 (Temporary Use and Special Event Permits).

Time Limits and Extensions. The temporary use permit for a temporary parking lot shall specify a fixed expiration date. Extensions of time may be granted as follows:

New Lots. A temporary parking lot temporary use permit approved after May 2, 2001, may be automatically extended by the Community Development Director for a fixed time period, absent receipt of complaints about the operation of the parking lot.

Existing Lots. Existing temporary parking lot permits shall expire in compliance with the terms of the approved permit or applicable extension. Additional extensions shall comply with the provisions of this section.

Development Standards. A temporary parking lot shall comply with all applicable requirements for surface parking lots in Section 19.28.100 (Surface Parking Area Standards), and the following requirements.

Hours of Operation. The Planning Commission shall establish hours of operation for the parking lot. In approving hours of operation, the Commission shall consider the existing land uses on adjacent properties, the locations of access points to the parking lot, and any other factors that may impact the use and enjoyment of adjacent properties and the health, safety, and welfare of the community. The parking lot shall be secured in a manner to prevent unauthorized entry onto the property during non-operating hours.

Parking Service Operation Required. The parking lot shall be operated by a parking service. On-site management of the parking lot shall be required during all hours of operation. Insurance coverage shall be maintained in compliance with the standards for valet parking services in the city's Business License Ordinance.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 79, 80, 2019; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.150 Bicycle Parking and Support Facilities.

Bicycle parking facilities, showers, and lockers shall be provided in the following manner:

Number of Spaces Required.

TABLE 3-50 BICYCLE PARKING
Land Use	Short-Term/Visitor Bicycle Parking	Long-Term Employee or Resident Bicycle Parking
Non-Residential	One bicycle parking space for each 5,000 to 9,999 square feet and one space for each additional 10,000 square feet of gross floor area. A minimum of 2 spaces shall be provided per building.	One bicycle parking/storage space for each 7,500 square feet of gross floor area.
Multi-Family Residential (projects of 5 or more units)	One bicycle parking space for each 4 residential units.	One bicycle parking/storage space for each 2 residential units.
Mixed-Use Projects	Same as specified above for each use (residential and commercial).	Same as specified above for each use (residential and commercial).

Bicycle Parking Design. Bicycle parking areas shall be designed and provided in the following manner:

Parking Racks. Each bicycle parking space shall include a stationary parking device to adequately support the bicycle.

Parking Layout.

Aisles. Access to bicycle parking spaces shall be at least five feet in width.

Storage Space Design.

Horizontal Storage. Each horizontal bicycle space shall be designed to maintain a minimum of two feet in width and six feet in length and have a minimum of seven feet of overhead clearance.

ii.

Vertical Storage. Each vertical or wall-mounted bicycle space shall be designed to maintain a minimum of three feet six inches in length with three feet between spaces with a minimum of seven feet of floor to ceiling height.

Bicycle Parking Location.

Long-Term Bicycle Parking. Bicycle spaces shall be located on the ground floor or first level of a parking structure/garage of a building in a secured location within proximity to the main entrance of the building and shall not interfere with pedestrian access. Bicycle spaces shall not be located within required storage areas for the building.

ii.

Short-Term/Visitor Bicycle Parking. Visitor bicycle parking spaces shall be located in well-lit and convenient areas on private property within 50 feet of the main entrance to the building.

iii.

For existing buildings and changes of use where the Community Development Director determines existing site constraints prohibit locating short-term bicycle parking on-site, the applicant shall satisfy the requirement by paying the city an established cost of an appropriately sized bicycle rack for providing the short-term parking within the public right-of-way.

Security. Long-term bicycle parking shall be secured as follows:

An enclosed locker for individual bicycles; or

ii.

An enclosed locked bicycle storage area with bicycle racks within; or

iii.

A rack or stand inside the ground floor of a building that is within view of an attendant or security guard.

Relationship to Motor Vehicle Parking. Bicycle spaces shall be separated from motor vehicle parking spaces or aisles by a fence, wall, or curb, or by at least five feet of open area, marked to prohibit motor vehicle parking.

Electric Bicycles. At least one electrical outlet shall be available in each long-term bicycle parking area for the use of electrical assisted bicycle charging.

Signs. Where short-term bicycle parking areas are not clearly visible to approaching cyclists, signs shall be provided to indicate the locations of the facilities.

Interior Parking Spaces. Square footage dedicated to interior bicycle parking shall not be included in the gross floor area for calculating the parking requirement.

Required Shower, Dressing, and Locker Facilities. New non-residential land uses and major remodels or additions to non-residential land uses of 10,000 square feet or larger shall provide shower, dressing, and locker facilities in compliance with the following standards:

Shower, Dressing, and Locker Areas. A minimum of one shower facility shall be provided in applicable projects with a gross floor area between 10,000 and 24,999 square feet, two showers in projects between 25,000 square feet and 124,999 square feet, and four showers for any project over 125,000 square feet. Dressing areas and lockers shall be provided for shower facilities as specified below.

Shower, dressing, and locker areas shall be located in proximity to one another in a secured location on the ground floor of a building or above.

No shower or locker facilities shall be located within a parking structure or garage.

Lockers. Lockers for clothing and other personal effects shall be located in close proximity to showers and dressing areas to permit access to locker areas by all genders. A minimum of four lockers per each shower shall be installed.

The Review Authority shall review and approve the design of shower, dressing area, and clothes locker facilities with respect to safety, security, and convenience.

Shower/Locker Exemption. An owner of an existing or proposed building subject to the requirements of this section shall be exempt from subsection E upon submitting proof to the Community Development Director that the owner has made arrangements with a health club or other facility, located within three blocks of the building, to provide showers and lockers at no cost to the employees who work in the owner's building.

Residential Project Exemption. Residential projects are exempt from providing shared shower and locker facilities.

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 07-762 § 7, 2007; Ord. 19-1055 § 7, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.160 Off-Street Loading Space Requirements.

Number of Loading Spaces Required. Off-street loading spaces shall be provided as follows:

TABLE 3-60 LOADING SPACE REQUIREMENTS
Type of Land Use	Total Gross Floor Area	Loading Spaces Required
Manufacturing, research and development, institutional and service uses	Less than 20,000 sq. ft.	1
	20,000 sq. ft. and more	1 for every 20,000 sq. ft. with a maximum of 4 required
Hotels	Any size	1 for the first 25,000 sq. ft. 1 for every additional 50,000 sq. ft. or fraction thereof, with a maximum of 4 required
Office uses	Less than 20,000 sq. ft.	None
	20,000 to 40,000 sq. ft.	1
	40,001 sq. ft. and more	1 for every 40,000 sq. ft. or fraction thereof, with a maximum of 4 required
Retail and other allowed commercial uses	Less than 10,000 sq. ft.	None
	10,000 to 20,000 sq. ft.	1
	20,001 sq. ft. and more	1 for every 20,000 sq. ft. or fraction thereof, with a maximum of 6 required

Location. Loading spaces shall be located to meet as many of the following criteria as deemed feasible by the Community Development Director. The spaces shall be:

Limited to the rear two-thirds of the parcel;

Situated to ensure that loading and unloading takes place on site and in no case within adjacent public rights-of-way or other traffic areas on site;

Situated to ensure that vehicular maneuvers occur on site; and

Design and Development Standards.

Dimensions. Loading spaces shall have at least 10 feet in width, 20 feet in length, and 14 feet of vertical clearance within the loading space and within the access and turnaround area for the space.

Enclosures. The preferred method of screening a loading area is complete enclosure within a structure (for example, within the building it serves or within a separate structure). Where opportunities exist, the city will encourage loading areas to be completely enclosed.

Lighting. Loading areas shall have lighting capable of providing adequate illumination for security and safety. Lighting standards shall be energy-efficient and in scale with the height and use of adjacent structures.

Loading Doors and Gates. Loading bays and roll-up doors shall be painted to blend with the exterior structure walls and be located on the rear of the structure as far from residential uses as possible. Bays and doors may be located on the side of a structure, away from a street frontage.

Loading Ramps. Plans for loading ramps or truck wells shall be accompanied by a profile drawing showing the ramp, ramp transitions, and overhead clearances.

Screening. Loading areas adjacent to residential uses or public streets or alleys shall be screened with a solid masonry wall, at least six feet in height.

Striping. Loading areas shall be striped, indicating the loading spaces and identifying the spaces for "loading only." The striping shall be permanently maintained by the property owner or tenant in a clear and visible manner at all times.

Residential Uses. In multi-family residential projects with five or more units, where an off-street loading space is not provided and with less than one parking space per unit, an off-street service and delivery area shall be provided to accommodate short-term vehicular staging for on-demand delivery services, moving, or similar activities.

Dimensions. Service and delivery areas shall be at least 19 feet in length, with a minimum square footage as indicated in Table 3-61 Off-Street Service and Delivery Areas, and with a minimum of eight feet two inches vertical clearance from the finish floor surface to any overhead obstruction.

Enclosures. The preferred method of screening a service and delivery area is complete enclosure within a structure (for example, within the building it serves or within a separate structure). Where opportunities exist, the city will encourage loading areas to be completely enclosed.

Screening. Loading areas adjacent to residential uses or public streets or alleys shall be screened with a solid masonry wall, at least six feet in height.

Striping. Service and delivery areas shall be striped. The striping shall be permanently maintained by the property owner or tenant in a clear and visible manner at all times.

Location. Service and delivery areas shall have direct vehicular access from a driveway or access aisle and shall not be located within any required front setback.

FIGURE 3-61

Off-Street Service and Delivery Areas

TABLE 3-61 Off-Street Service and Delivery Areas
Number of Units	Minimum Square Footage of Off-Street Service and Delivery Area	Width of Off-Street Service and Delivery Area (A)	Minimum Length of Off-Street Service and Delivery Area (B)
5-15 Units	230 sq. ft.	Varies	19′-0″
16-25 Units	460 sq. ft.	Varies	19′-0″
More than 26 Units	690 sq. ft.	Varies	19′-0″

(Ord. 01-594 § 2, 2001; Ord. 02-643 § 28, 2003; Ord. 19-1058 §§ 81 – 84, 2019; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 24-16, 6/24/2024)

§ 19.28.170 Electric Vehicle Charging Readiness.

Applicability. Electric vehicle charging spaces shall be provided for all uses in accordance with the requirements of the California Green Building Standards Code, and pursuant to the requirements of Section 19.36.392 of this Code.

Any spaces reserved for electric vehicle charging stations shall count toward parking requirements under Section 19.28.040 of this chapter (Number of Parking Spaces Required).

Exemptions.

The electric vehicle charging requirements in subsection A above shall not apply to the following uses:

Off-site parking spaces for commercial uses utilizing the Parking Credits Program (Section 19.28.080) of this chapter.

Temporary parking lots (Section 19.28.140) of this chapter.

(Ord. 06-734 § 7, 2006; Ord. 18-1027 § 7, 2018; Ord. 23-22 § 4, 2023; Ord. 25-12, 7/7/2025)